CHAPTER 13

PROBABILITY

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

Q No Question
1. Out of 30 consecutive integers, 2 are chosen at random. The probability that their sum is odd, is
(a) 14/29 (b) 16/29 (c) 15/29 (d) 10/29
2.
The probability that a leap year will have 53 Fridays or 53 Saturdays is
(a) 2/7 (b) 3/7 (c) 4/7 (d) 1/7
3. A speaks truth in 75% cases and B speaks truth in 80% cases. Probability that they contradict each
other in statement is
(a) 7/20 (b) 13/20 (c) 3/5 (d) none of these
4. Three integers are chosen at random from the first 20 integers. The probability that their product is
even is
(a) 2/19 (b) 3/29 (c) 17/19 (d) 4/19
5. Let A and B be two given events such that P(A) = 0.6, P(B) = 0.2 and P(A/B) = 0.5. Then P(A’/B’) is
(a) 1/10 (b) 3/10 (c) 3/8 (d) 7/8
6. If P(A ∩ B) = 70% and P(B) = 85%, then P(A/B) is equal to
(a) 14/17 (b) 17/20 (c) 7/8 (d) 1/8
7. Two dice are thrown once. If it is known that the sum of the numbers on the dice was less than 6
the probability of getting a sum 3 is
(a) 1/18 (b) 5/18 (c) 1/5 (d) 2/5
8. If A and B are two independent events such that P(A) = 17 and P(B) = 16 then P(A’ ∩ B’) is
(a) 3/7 (b) 5/7 (c) 4/7 (d) 4/9
9. What will be the value of P(not E) if P(E) = 0.07?
(a) 0.9 (b) 0.92 (c) 0.93 (d) 0.45
10. In a box, there are 8 orange, 7 white, and 6 blue balls. If a ball is picked up randomly, what is the
probability that it is neither orange nor blue?
(a) 1/3 (b) 2/3 (c) 1/21 (d) 5/21
11. Suppose a number x is chosen from the numbers -2, -1, 0, 1, 2. What will be the probability of x 2 >
0?
(a) 1/5 (b) 2/5 (c) 2/3 (d) 4/5
12. If a number is selected at random from the first 50 natural numbers, what will be the probability
that the selected number is a multiple of 3 and 4?

(a) 7/50 (b) 4/25 (c) 2/25 (d) None of these

13. The probability of winning the first prize in a lottery of a girl is 8/100. If the total of 6000 tickets are
sold, then how many tickets the girl purchased?
(a) 480 (b) 750 (c) 280 (d) None of these
nd
The Probability that in a year of 22 century at random, there will be 53 Sundays, is
14.

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 (a) 3/28 (b) 2/28 (c) 7/28 (d) 5/28
15. An urn contains 9 balls, two of which are red, three blue and four black. Three balls are drawn at
random. The probability that they are of same colour is
(a) 5/84 (b) 3/9 (c) 3/7 (d) 7/17
16 2 1 3
If P (A) = , P (B) = , then find P (A / B) = , then P(A ∩ B) = -------
5 3 5

3 1 2 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
5 4 3 5

17 If P(A) = 0.3, P(B) = 0.5 and P(A/B) = 0.4, then P(B/A) is

2 3 2
(a) (b) (c) (d) none of these
5 5 3

18 If events A and B are independent, P(A) = 0.3 and P(A ∪ B) = 0.58 then P(B) is -------

(a) 0.28 (b) 0.4 (c) 0.5 (d) none of these

19 7 9 4
If P(A) = , P(B) = and P(A ∩ B) = , then P(A′/B)= -----
13 13 13

5 4 3 6
(a) (b) (c) (d)
9 9 9 9

20 A sample of 4 items is drawn at random with replacement from a lot of 10 items containing 3
defective items. If X denotes the number of defective items in the sample, then P(0<X<3)=---
3 4 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) none of these
10 5 2

21 A class consists of 80 students. 25 of them are girls and remaining boys, 10 of them are rich and
remaining poor, 20 of them are fair complexioned and others not. Then the probability of selecting
a fair complexioned rich girl is ------

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 25 5 7 25
(a) (b) (c) (d)
80 512 512 320

22 A box contains 15 oranges out of which 12 are good. It is inspected by examining three randomly
selected oranges drawn without replacement. If all the three oranges are good, the box is approved
for sale. Then the probability that the box will be approved for sale is ----

3 12 44 22
(a) (b) (c) (d)
455 455 91 91

23 A speaks truth in 70% cases and B speaks truth in 85% cases. Then the probability that they speak

the same fact is ________.

(a) 15% (b) 70% (c) 59.5% (d) 64%

24 A and B throw a pair of dice turn by turn. The first to throw 9 is awarded a prize. If A starts the
game, the the probability of A getting the prize is -----
9 1 8 64
(a) (b) (c) (d)
17 9 9 81

25 Bag A contains 3 red and 5 black balls and bag B contains 2 red and 4 black balls. A ball is drawn

from one of the bags. The probability that ball drawn is red is -----
17 17 3 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
24 48 8 3

26 Three numbers are chosen at random without replacement from {1,2,3,...,8}. The probability that
their minimum is 3, given that their maximum is 6, is ------
3 1 1 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
8 4 5 5

27 One card is drawn from a well shuffled pack of 52 cards. If E is the event “the card drawn is a king
or a queen” and F is the event “the card drawn is an ace or a queen,” then P(E/F) is----

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 3 1 1 4
(a) (b) (c) (d)
4 2 13 13

28 Ten cards numbered 1 to 10 are placed in a box, mixed up thoroughly and then one card is drawn
randomly. If it is known that the number on the drawn card is more than 3, then the probability
that it is an even number is ------
2 7 3 4
(a) (b) (c) (d)
5 10 7 7

29 There are eight machines and it is known that exactly three of them are faulty. They are tested, one
-by-one, in a random order till all the faulty machines are identified. Then the probability that only
three tests are needed is -----
1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) none of these
6 36 56

6 5 7
If P(A) = , P(B) = and P(AUB) = , then P(A ∩ B) is
11 11 11
30
4
(A)
11

9
(B)
11

3
(C)
7

(D) none of these

The probability distribution of X is

X 0 1 2 otherwise
31
P(X) k 2k 3k 0

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 Determine the value of k.
4
(A)
11

1
(B)
6

3
(C)
7

(D) none of these

32 A black and a red die are rolled. Find the conditional probability of obtaining a sum greater than 9,
given that the black die resulted in 5.
4
(A)
7

1
(B)
5

1
(C)
3

(D) none of these

33 3 1
If P(A) = , P(B) = , A and B are independent events ,then find the value of P(A ∩ B)
5 5

1
(A)
2

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 1
(B)
25

1
(C)
3

3
(D)
25

34 A husband and his wife appear for an interview for two posts. The probability of husband’s
selection is 1/7 and that of wife’s selection is 1/5. What is the probability that only one of them is
selected ?

2
(A)
7

(B) 0

2
(C)
3

1
(D)
4

35 Given two independent events A, B such that P(A) = 0.3 , P(B) = 0.6. Find: P(A and not B)

(A) 0.50

(B) 0.12

(C) 0.32

(D) 0.25

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36 5 2
Obtain P(AUB) , if 2P(A) = P(B) = ) , and P(A/B) = )
13 5

1
(A)
2

1
(B)
25

17
(C)
30

11
(D)
26

37 1 3
Given that the two mutually exclusive events A and B are such that P(A) = , P(AUB) = ) , and
2 5

P(B) = p, find the value of p.

1
(A)
10

1
(B)
5

1
(C)
30

(D) none of these

38

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 A and B throw a die alternately till one of them gets 6 and wins the game. If A starts the game. Find
their respective probability of winning if A starts the game.
1 1
(A) ,
2 5

6 5
(B) ,
11 11

11 19
(C) ,
30 30

11 15
(D) ,
26 26

A die is tossed thrice .find the probability of getting an odd number at least once.
39 1
(A)
10

1
(B)
5

1
(C)
30

(D) none of these

40 1 1
Probability of solving a specific problem independently by A and B are and respectively. If
2 3

both try to solve the problem independently, find the probability that exactly one of them solves

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 the problem
1
(A)
2

1
(B)
25

17
(C)
30

11
(D)
26

41 In a lot of 12 microwave ovens, thre are 3 defective units. Aperson has ordered 4 of these units and
each is identically packed. What is the probability that exactly 3 units are good.
28
(A)
55

26
(B)
55

17
(C)
30

(D) none of these

42 A man is known to speak the truth 3 out of 4 times. He throws a die and reports that it is a six. Find
the probability that it is actually a six.
1
(A)
2

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 3
(B)
8

7
(C)
18

1
(D)
3

43 Three coins are tossed once. Find the probability of getting at most two heads
3
(A)
8

1
(B)
8

7
(C)
8

5
(D)
8

44 If A and B are two events such that P(A) ≠ 0 and P(B/A) = 1, then

(A) A ⊂ B

(B) B ⊂ A

(C) B = φ

(D) A = φ

45 If A and B are two events such that P(A)+P(B)- P(A and B)=P(A), then
(A) P(B/A) =1

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 (B) P(A/B) =1
(C) P(A/B) =0
(D) P(B/A) =0
46 The probability of obtaining an even prime number on each die, when a pair of dice is rolled is
(A) 0
1
(B)
3

1
(C)
12

1
(D)
36

47 1 1
A and B are two students. Their chances of solving a problem correctly are and respectively. If
3 4

1
the probability of their making a common error is and they obtain the same answer, then the
20

probability of their answer to be correct is

1
(A)
12

1
(B)
40

13
(C)
120

10
(D)
13

48 In a college, 30% students fail in physics, 25% fail in mathematics and 10% fail in both. One student
is chosen at random. The probability that she fails in physics if she failed in mathematics is

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 1
(A)
10

2
(B)
5

9
(C)
20

1
(D)
3

49 Two dice are thrown. If it is known that the sum of the numbers on the dice was less than 6, the
probability of getting a sum 3 is
1
(A)
18

5
(B)
18

1
(C)
5

2
(D)
5

50 3 4
If A and B are two independent events with P(A) = and P(B)= , then P(A ' ∩ B') equals
5 5

4
(A)
15

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 8
(B)
45

1
(C)
3

2
(D)
9

51 2 3 1
If P(A) = , P(B) = ∩
and P(A B)= , then
5 10 5

P(A' / B').P(B' / A')is equal to

5
(A)
6

5
(B)
7

25
(C)
42

(D) 1

52 If A and B are two events with P(A) = 0.4, P(B)= 0.3, and P(A ∪ B)=0.5 then P(A ∩ B) equals

2
(A)
3

1
(B)
2

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 3
(C)
10

1
(D)
5

53 A coin is tossed twice and the four possible outcomes are assumed to be equally likely, If E is the
event : ‘both head and tail have occurred’ and F is the event ‘at most one tail is observed, then
P(F/E) is
1
(A)
2

1
(B)
3

(C) 1
(D) None of these
54 A card is drawn from a well shuffled deck of 52 cards and then a second card is drawn. The
probability that the first card is spade and the second card is club if the first card is not replaced is
13
(A)
204

11
(B)
204

17
(C)
204

(D) None of these

55 The probability that at least one of the events A and B occurs is 0.7 and they occur simultaneously
with probability 0.2, then P(A’)+P(B’)=
(A) 0.8
(B) 0.6
(C) 1.1
(D) 1.4
56 A bag contains 10 white and 25 black balls. Two balls are drawn in successive draws without
replacement. The probability that first is white and second is black is

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 1
(A)
3

1
(B)
4

1
(C)
5

(D) None of these

57 From a bag containing 4 red and 2 white balls, two balls are drawn. The probability that both the
balls are red is
1
(A)
5

2
(B)
5

3
(C)
5

(D) None of these

58 If P(A) = 6/13, P(B) = 9/13 and P(A ∩ B) = 2/13, then P(A/B) =

(a) 2/9 (b) 1/9 (c) 1/3 (d) 2/3

59 If P(A) = 0.6, P(B) = 0.5 and P(B/A) = 0.4, then P(A ∩ B) =

(a) 0.22 (b) 0.24 (c) 0.26 (d) 0.20

60 If A and B are any two events of a sample space S and F is an event
of S such that P(F) ≠ 0, then P ((A ∪ B) |F) =

(a) P(A/F) + P(B/F) – P((A ∩ B)/F)

(b) P(A/F) + P(B/F) + P((A ∩ B)/F)

(c) P(A/F) + P(B/F) – P((A ∩ B)/A)

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 (d) P(A/F) + P(B/F) – P((A ∩ B)/B)

61 Let A and B be two given events such that P(A) = 0.6, P(B) = 0.2 and P(A/B) = 0.5. Then P(A '/B') is

(a) 1/10 (b) 3/10 (c) 3/8 (d) 6/7

62 Two dice are thrown once. If it is known that the sum of the numbers on the dice was less than 6
the probability of getting a sum 3 is
(a) 1/18 (b) 5/18 (c) 1/5 (d) 2/5
63 Let A and B be two given mutually exclusive events. Then P(A/B) is
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) ½ (d) 1/3

64 Three persons A, B and C, fire a target in turn. Their probabilities of hitting the target are 0.2,0.3
and 0.5 respectively, the probability that target hit is
(a) 0.52 (b) 0.62 (c) 0.72 (d) 0.82
65 An urn contains 6 balls of which two are red and four are black. Two balls are drawn at random.
Probability that they are of the different colours is:
(a) 2/5 (b) 1/15 (c) 8/15 (d) 4/15
66 Two cards are drawn successively with replacement from a well-shuffled deck of 52 cards, then
P(X=1), where X = number of aces.
(a) 144/169 (b) 24/169 (c) 1/169 (d) 48/169
67 A bag contains 6 red and 4 black balls, another bag contains 4 red and 4 black balls. One of the two
bags is selected at random and a ball is drawn from the bag which is found to be red. the
probability that the ball is drawn from the first bag.
(a) 6/11 (b) 2/11 (c) 3/11 (d) 4/11
68 Three balls are drawn from a bag containing 2 red and 5 black balls, if the random variable X
represents the number of red balls drawn, then X can take values
(a) 0, 1, 2 (b) 0, 1, 2, 3 (c) 0 (d) 1, 2
69 Given P(A) = 0.4, P(B) = 0.7 and P(B/A) = 0.6. Find P(A ∪ B) =

(a) 0.86 (b) 0.80 (c) 0.76 (d) 0.70

70 Two dice are thrown. Find the probability that the numbers appeared have a sum 8 if it is known
that the second die always exhibits 4.
(a) 1/3 (b) 1/36 (c) 1/6 (d) 2/3
71 A and B are mutually exclusive events then P(A|B) =?
(A) 0
(B) 1
(C) 2
(D) not defined
72 Two bags A and B contains 2 white, 4 reds; and 3 white, 3 red balls respectively. One of the bags is
selected at random and a ball is drawn from it. If the selected ball is of white colour, find the
probability that it is drawn from bag A.

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 1
(A)
5

2
(B)
5

3
(C)
5

4
(D)
5

73 A person speaks the truth 8 times out of 10 times. A die is tossed. He reports that it was 5. What is
the probability that it was actually 5?
2
(A)
15

4
(B)
9

1
(C)
5

(D) none of these

74 1
If P(B) = , P(A) =0, then P(B|A) is equal to_
2

(A) 0
1
(B)
2

(C) 1
(D) not defined
75

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 3 1
If P(A)= , P(B)= and A and B are independent events, then P(A ∩ B) =_
5 5

1
(A)
3

3
(B)
25

(C) 1
(D) none of these
76 If P(A|B)>P(A), then which of the following is correct?
(A) P(B|A) <P(B)
(B) P (A ∩ B) <P(A). P(B)
(C) P(B|A)>P(B)
(D) P(B|A) =P(B)

77 Find the probability of obtaining an event prime number on each die, when a pair of dice is rolled.
(A) 0
1
(B)
3

1
(C)
12

1
(D)
36

78 A bag contains 3 orange balls, 3 green balls, and 2 blue balls. These balls are drawn at random from
the box without replacement. The probability of drawing 2 green balls and one blue ball is _
3
(A)
28

2
(B)
21

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 1
(C)
28

167
(D)
168

79 If A and B are events such that P(A|B) =P(B|A), then

(A) A ⊂ B but A ≠ B

(B) A = B
(C) A ∩ B = Ø
(D) P(A) = P(B)
80 A can solve 90% of the problems given in a book and B can solve 70%. What is the probability that
at least one of them will solve a problem selected at random from the book?
(A) 0.67
(B) 0.53
(C) 0.97
(D) none of these
81 If P (Not A) = 0.7, P(B) =0.7 and P(B|A) = 0.5, then P(A|B) =_
3
(A)
14

17
(B)
20

5
(C)
14

(D) none of these

82 If P(A) = 0.4, P(B)=p, P (A ∪ B) = 0.6 and A and B are given to be independent events, then the value

of p is_
1
(A)
2

1
(B)
5

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 1
(C)
3

(D) none of these

83 Given two independent events A and B such that P(A)= 0.3, P(B)= 0.6, P (A and B) is equal to _
(A) 0.5
(B) 0.3
(C) 0.18
(D) none of these
84 If A and B are two events such that A ⊂ B and P(B) ≠ 0, then which of the following is true?

P(B)
(A) P(A|B) =
P(A)
(B) P(A|B) < P(A)
(C) P(A|B) ≥ P(A)
(D) none of these
85 If P(A)=0.4 ,P(B)=0.8 and P(B/A)=0.6,then P(A ∪ B) is equal to

(a)0.24 (b)0.3 (c)0.48 (d)0.96

86 Let P(A)=7/13 ,P(B)=9/13 , and P(A ∩ B)=4/13 .Then P(A/B) is equal to

(a)6/13 (b)4/13 (c)4/9 (d)5/9.

87 The probability of drawing a diamond card in each of the two consecutive draws from a well
shuffled pack of cards, if the card drawn is not replaced after the first draw ,is
(a)4/17 (b)13/17 (c)1/17 (d)none of these
88 If P(A)=2/3 , P(B)=1/2 and P(A ∪ B)=5/6 then events A and B are

(a)mutually exclusive (b)independent and mutually

exclusive
(c)independent (d)dependent only on A
89 ̅
If A and B are independent events such that P(B)=2/7 ,P (A ∪ )=0.8 then P(A)=
B
(a)0.1 (b)0.2 (c)0.3 (d)0.4
90 ̅ ̅
If A and B are independent events of random experiment such that P(A ∩ B)=1/6 and P( ∩ )=1/3
A B
,then P(A) is equal to
(a)1/4 (b)1/3 (c)1/6 (d)2/3
91 X speak truth in 60% and Y in 50% of the cases. The probability that they contradict each other
while narrating the some incident , is

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 (a)1/4 (b) 3/4 (c) 1/2 (d)2/3
92 A box contains 3 orange balls ,3 green balls and 2 blue balls .Three balls are drawn at random from
the box without replacement .The probability of drawing 2 green balls and one blue ball is
(a)3/28 (b)2/21 (c)1/28 (d) 167/168
93 A die is thrown and a card is selected at random from a deck of 52 playing cards. The probability of
getting an even number on the die and a spade card is
(a)1/2 (b)1/4 (c) 1/8 (d)3/4
94 In an entrance examination there are multiple choice questions. There are four possible answers to
each question of which one is correct. The probability that a student knows the answer to the
question, then the probability that he was guessing is
(a)1/9 (b) 36/37 (c)1/37 (d)37/40
95 The chances of defective screws in three boxes A ,B,C are 1/5 , 1/6 ,1/7 respectively. A box is
selected at random and a screw drawn from it at random is found to be defective. Then the
probability that it come from box A is
(a)16/29 (b)1/15 (c)27/59 (d)42/107

96 If the probability distribution of a random variable X is as given below:

X=x: -2 -1 0 1 2 3
P(X=x): 1/10 k 1/5 2k 3/10 k
Then the value of k is
(a)1/10 (b)2/10 (c)3/10 (d)7/10

KEY/ANSWER
Q No Answer
1. (c)
2. (b)
3. (a)
4. (c)
5. (c)
6. (a)
7. (c)
8. (b)
9. (c)
10. (a)
11. (d)
12. (c)
13. (a)
14. (d)
15. (a)
16. 1
(d)
5

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 17. 2
(c)
3

18. (b) 0.4

19 5
(a)
9

20 3
(a)
10

21 5
(b)
512

22 44
(c)
91

23 (d) 64%

24 9
(a)
17

25 17
(b)
48

26 1
(c)
5

27 1
(b)
2

28 4
(d)
7

29
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 1
(c)
56

30 A
31 B
32 C
33 D
34 A
35 B
36 D
37 A
38 B
39 C
40 D
41 A
42 B
43 C
44 A
45 B
46 D
47 D
48 B
49 C
50 D
51 C
52 D
53 C
54 A
55 C

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 56 B
57 B
58 (a) 2/9
59 (b) 0.24
60 (a) P(A/F) + P(B/F) – P((A ∩ B)/F)

61 (b) 3/8
62 (b) 1/5
63 (b) 0
64 (c) 0.72
65 (b) 8/15
66 (b) 24/169
67 (a) 6/11
68 (a) 0 , 1, 2
69 (a) 0.86
70 (c) 1/6
71 (A)
72 (B)
73 (B)
74 (D)
75 (B)
76 (C)
77 (D)
78 (A)
79 (D)
80 (C)
81 (A)
82 (C)
83 (C)
84 (C)
85 D
86 D
87 C
88 C
89 C
90 B
91 C
92 A
93 C
94 C
95 D

ZIET, BHUBANESWAR Page 24

 96 A
Prepared by : PGT(Maths) of BHUBANESWAR REGION, GUWAHATI REGION, KOLKATA REGION,
SILCHAR REGION, RANCHI REGION & TINSUKIA REGION

Vetted by : TINSUKIA REGION

ZIET, BHUBANESWAR Page 25