VELAMMAL NEWGEN EDU NETWORK

2025]
MODEL EXAMINATION [2024 –

PHYSICS
1
2
Time: 3 hrs Max : 70
Marks

General Instructions:

(1) There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.

(2) This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C,
Section D and Section E.

(3) All the sections are compulsory.

(4) Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion
Reasoning based of 1 mark each, Section B contains five questions of two
marks each, Section C contains seven questions of three marks each,
Section D contains two case study based questions of four marks each
and Section E contains three long answer questions of five marks each.

(5) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been

provided in one question in Section B, one question in Section C, one
question in each CBQ in Section D and all three questions in Section E. You
have to attempt only one of the choices in such questions.

SECTION A
1.Two small identical electrical dipoles AB and CD, each of dipole moment
‘p’ are kept at an angle of 120° as shown in the figure. What X’ is the
resultant dipole moment of this combination?
 a) 2P b) P c) P2 d) 3P

2. If a third equal and similar charge is placed between two equal and
similar charges, then this third charge will

(a) move out of the field of influence of the two charges (b) not be in
equilibrium

(c) Will be in stable equilibrium (d) be in unstable

equilibrium

3. A battery consists of a variable number V of identical cells having

internal resistances connected in series. The terminals of battery are short
circuited and the current i is measured. Which of the graph below shows
the relationship between i and n?

a)1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

4. Consider a current carrying wire (current I) in the shape of a circle. Note

that as the current progresses along the wire, the direction of j (current
density) changes in an exact manner, while the current I remain
unaffected. The agent that is essentially responsible for is

(a) source of emf.

(b) electric field produced by charges accumulated on the surface of wire.

(c) the charges just behind a given segment of wire which push them just
the right way by repulsion.

(d) the charges ahead.

5. Two circular coils 1 and 2 are made from the safe wire but the radius of
the 1" coil is twice that of the 2nd coil. What potential difference in volts
should be applied across them so that the magnetic field at their centres
is the same

(a) 2times of first coil (b) 4 times of first coil

(c) 3times of first coil (d) 6 times of first coil

6. Two short bar magnets P and Q are arranged such that their centres are
on the X-axis and are separated by a large distance. The magnetic axes of
P and Q are along X and Y axes respectively. At a point R, midway
between their centres, if B is the magnitude of induction due to Q, the
magnitude of total induction at R due to the both magnets is

(a) 3.5 (b)√ 5B (c) √ 5/2 B (d) B

7. A metallic ring is attached with the wall of a room. When the north pole
of a magnet is brought near to it, the induced current in the ring will be

(a) First clockwise then anticlockwise (b) In clockwise direction

(c) In anticlockwise direction (d)First anticlockwise then clockwise

8. The direction of induced e.m.f. during electromagnetic induction is

given by

(a) Faraday's law (b) Lenz's law (c) Maxwell's law (d)
Ampere's law
9. The ratio of the amplitude of the magnetic field to the amplitude of the
electric field for electromagnetic wave propagation in a vacuum is equal
to

a. Unity b. Speed of light in vacuum

c. Reciprocal of the speed of light in vacuum

d. The ratio of magnetic permeability to electrical susceptibility in a

vacuum.

10. A convex lens is dipped in a liquid, whose refractive index is equal to

the refractive index of the lens. Then, its focal length will

(A) Become zero (B) Become infinite

(C) Remain unchanged (D) Become small, but non-zero.

11. An optician prescribes spectacles to a patient with a combination of a

convex lens of focal length 40 cm and a concave lens of focal length 25
cm. The power of the spectacles is

(A) -6.5 (B) -1.5 D (C) 1.5 D (D) .5 D

12. The total energy of the electron in the ground state of hydrogen atom
is -13.6 eV. The kinetic energy of the electron in the first excited state will
be

(a) 1.7 eV (b) 3.4 eV (c) 6.8 eV (d)13.6 eV

For Questions 13 to 16, two statements are given –one labelled

Assertion (A) and other labelled Reason (R).

Select the correct answer to these questions from the options as

given below.

a) If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is correct

explanation of Assertion. b) If both Assertion and Reason are true
but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.

c) If Assertion is true but Reason is false.

d) If both Assertion and Reason are false.

13. Assertion : In process of photoelectric emission, all emitted electrons
do not have same kinetic energy.

Reason : If radiation falling on photosensitive surface of a metal consists

of different wavelength then energy acquired by electrons absorbing
photons of different wavelengths shall be different.

14. Assertion (A) : When a donor electronsis excited to the conduction

band no hole is created

Reason (R) : Donor energy level does not exist in valence band

15. Assertion : A parallel plate capacitor is connected across battery

through a key. A dielectric slab of dielectric constant K is introduced
between the plates. The energy which is stored becomes K times.

Reason : The surface density of charge on the plate remains constant or

unchanged.

16. Assertion : The images formed by total internal reflections are much
brighter than those formed by mirrorrs or lenses.
Reason : There is no loss of intensity in total internal reflection.

SECTION-B

17. )Germanium and silicon junction diodes are connected in parallel. A

resistance R, a 12 V battery, a milli ammeter (mA) and key (K) are
connected as shown in figure. When Key (K) is closed, current begins to
flow in milli ammeter. What will be the maximum reading of voltmeter
connected across resistance R?

18. X-rays fall on a photosensitive surface to cause photoelectric emission.

Assuming that the work function of the surface can be neglected, find the
relation between the de-Broglie wavelength (λ) of the electrons emitted to
the energy (Ev) of the incident photons. Draw the nature of the graph for λ
as a function of Ev.

19. A ray of light incident on a equilateral prism propagates parallel to the

baseline of the prism inside it. Find the angle of incidence of this ray,
given the refractive index of the material of the prism is √3 ?

20. A heating element using nichrome connected to a 230 V supply draws

an initial current of 3.2 A which settles after a few seconds to a steady
value of 2.8 A. What is the steady temperature of the heating element if
the room temperature is 27.0 °C? Temperature coefficient of resistance of
nichrome averaged over the temperature range involved is 1.70 × 10 -4
°C-1?

21. i)Give reasons to explain why a reflecting telescope is preferred over a

refracting telescope?

ii)Draw a ray diagram to show as to how a right isosceles prism made of

crown glass can be used to obtain an inverted image?

(OR)

In a compound microscope, an object is placed at a distance of 1.5 cm

from the objective of focal length 1.25 cm. If the eye piece has a focal
length of 5 cm and the final image is formed at the near point, estimate
the magnifying power of the microscope.

SECTION C

22. A given coin has a mass of 3.0 g. Calculate the nuclear energy that
would be required to separate all the neutrons and protons from each
other. For simplicity assume that the coin is entirely made of 69Cu29 atoms
(of mass 62.92960 u).

23.Two identical parallel plate capacitors A and B are connected to a

battery of V volts with the switch S closed. The switch is now opened and
the free space between the plates of the capacitors is filled with a
dielectric of dielectric constant K. Find the ratio of the total electrostatic
energy stored in both capacitors before and after the introduction of the
dielectric.
24. The current is drawn from a cell of emf E and iternal resitance r
connected to the network of resistors each of resistor r as shown in the
figure. Obtain the expression for (i) the current draw from the cell and (ii)
the power consumed in the network.

25. Derive an expression for the frequency of radiation emitted when a

hydrogen atom de-excitesfrom level n to level (n – 1). Also show that for
large values of n, this frequency equals to classical frequency of revolution
of an electron.

26. The current flowing in the galvanometer G when key K2 is kept open
is I. On closing

the key K2, the current in the galvanometer becomes I/n, where n is
an integer.
Obtain an expression for resistance G of the galvanometer in terms of R, S
and n. To what form does this expression reduce when the value of R is
very large as compared to S?

27. Two concentric circular loops of radius 1 cm and 20 cm are placed

coaxially.
(i) Find mutual inductance of the arrangement
(ii) If the current passed through the outer loop is changed at a rate of 5
A/ms, find the emf induced in the inner loop. Assume the magnetic field
on the inner loop to be uniform.

(OR)

Three long straight parallel wires are kept as shown in the figure. The wire
(3) carries a current I

(a)The direction of the flow of current I in the wire 3, is such that the net
force on wire 1

due to the other two wires is zero (b)By reversing the direction of
current I , the net force on wire 2 due to the other two wires becomes
zero. What will be the direction of the current I in the two cases? Also
obtain the magnitudes of currents I1, I2 and I.

28.The magnetic field in a plane electromagnetic wave is given by

By =2 x 10-7 sin [0.5 x10 3x

+1.5 x 10 t] (in T)
11

(a) What is the wavelength and frequency of the wave?

(b) Write an expression for the electric field.

SECTION D

29. Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow.

If light passes from an optically denser medium to a rarer medium, then at

the interface, the light is reflected back into the denser medium and
partly refracted to the rarer medium. This reflection is called internal
reflection. As the angle of incidence i increases, the angle of refraction r
also increases. At a certain value of i, the angle of refraction becomes 90°.
This angle of incidence in the denser medium for which the angle of
refraction in the rarer medium is 90° is called the critical angle of the
denser medium (1).

If i is increased beyond, no refraction is possible, and the incident ray is

totally reflected. This phenomenon is known as total internal reflection.
Multiple internal reflections in diamond (24.4°), totally reflecting prisms
and mirage, are some examples of total internal reflection. Optical fibres
consist of glass fibres coated with a thin layer of material of lower
refractive index. Light incident at an angle at one end comes out at the
other, after multiple internal reflections, even if the fibre is bent.

1. For a wave to undergo total internal reflection (1, critical angle and i
incident angle) is
(a) Light moves from rarer to denser medium and i>ic
(b) Light moves from denser to rarer medium and i>ic
(c) Light moves from rarer to denser medium and i
(d) Light moves from denser to rarer medium and i<ic

2. Light travelling from a transparent medium to air undergoes total

internal reflection at an angle of incidence of 45°. Then refractive index of
the medium may be

(a) 1.4 (b) 1.3 (c) 1.1 (d) 1/(√(2))

3. A diver at a depth 12 m inside water (u=4/3) sees the sky in a cone of

semi-vertical angle

(a) sin-1 (4/3) (b) tan-1 (4/3) (c) sin-1 (3/4) (d) 90°

4. An optical fiber consists of core of μ1 surrounded by a cladding

of μ2<μ1. A beam of light enters from air at an angle α with axis of fiber.
The highest α for which ray can be travelled through fiber is

a) c os−1√μ 2
−μ
2
2
1 b) sin −1√μ 2
−μ
1
2
2 c) tan −1√μ 2
−μ
2
2
1 d)
sec −1√μ 2
−μ
1
2
2

(OR)
 A typical optical fibre consists of a fine core of a material of refractive
index µ1 surrounded by a glass or plastic cladding with refractive index µ
2 Then

(a) μ2 is slightly less than μ1 (b) μ2is slightly greater than

μ1

(c}μ2 should be equal to μ1 (d) the difference μ2- μ1should be

strictly equal to 1.

30. p-n junction diode :

p-n junction is a semiconductor diode. It is obtained by bringing p-type

semiconductor in close contact with n- type semiconductor. A thin layer is
developed at the p- n junction which is devoid of any charge carrier but
has immobile ions. It is called depletion layer. At the junction a potential
barrier appears, which does not allow the movement of majority charge
carriers across the junction in the absence of any biasing of the junction.
p-n junction offers low resistance when forward biased and high resistance
when reverse biased.

Q (1). In the middle of depletion layer of reverse biased p- n junction, the

a. Electric field is zero b. Potential is zero

c. Potential is maximum d. Electric field is maximum

Q (2). The energy band gap is maximum in

a. Metals b. Superconductors c. Insulators d.

Semiconductors

Q (3). The number of majority carriers crossing the junction of diode

depends primarily on the

a. Concentration of doping impurities b. Magnitude of potential

barriers

c. Magnitude of the forward bias voltage

d. Rate of thermal generation of electron –hole pairs

Q (4). Hole is

a. Antiparticle of electron b. A vacancy created when an

electron leaves covalent bond

c. Absence of free electrons

d. An artificially created particle.

 (OR)

Which of the following statements is not true?

a. The resistance of intrinsic semiconductor decreases with increase of

temperature.

b. Doping pures Si with trivalent impurities gives p- type semiconductors.

c. The majority charges in n- type semiconductors are holes.

d. A p-n junction can act as semiconductor diode

SECTION E

31.(i) What is meant by ‘normal adjustment’ in case of an astronomical

telescope? Trace the paths of three rays from a distant object through an
astronomical telescope in normal adjustment.

(ii)A small telescope has an objective lens of focal length 140 cm and an
eye-piece of focal length5.0 cm.What is the(a) magnifying power of
telescope for viewing distant objects when the telescope is in normal
adjustment (i.e., when the final image is at infinity)? (b) the final image is
formed at the least distance of distinct vision (D = 25cm)?

(c) What is the separation between the objective and eye lens when final
image is formed at infinity?

(d) If this telescope is used to view a 100m tall tower 3km away, what is
the height of the image of the tower formed by the objective lens?

(e) what is the height of the final image of the tower if it is formed at the
least distance of distinct vision D = 25 cm.

(OR)

Red colour of light of wavelength λ is passed from two narrow slits which
are distance dapart and interference pattern is obtained on the screen
distance D apart from the plane of two slits.Then find the answer to
following parts assuming that slit widths are equal to produce intensity
I0from each slit.

(a) Intensity at a point on the screen, situated at a distance 1/4 th of

fringe separation from centre.

(b) Intensity in the screen, if the sources become incoherent by using two
different lamps behind lamps S1 and S2.

(c) Angular position of 10th maxima, and the angular width of that fringe.
(d) Find the distance between 5th maxima and 3rd minima, at same side
of central maxima.

(e) If the phase difference between the two waves reaching two slits from
the source slit is (i) 5π and (ii) 2π, then what will be the colour of central
fringe?

32.i) Derive the expression for electric potential due to electric dipole at
any general point.

ii) A parallel plate capacitor of capacitance 90 pF is connected to a battery

of emf 20 V. If a dielectric material of dielectric constant K = 5/3 is
inserted between the plates, find the magnitude of the induced charge?

(OR)

i)A dielectric slab of thickness 't’ is kept between the plates of a parallel
plate capacitor with plate separation 'd' (t < d). Derive the expression for
the capacitance of the capacitor.

ii) A capacitor with a capacitance 5 µF is charged to 5 µC. If the plates are

pulled apart to reduce the capacitance to 2 µF, how much work is done?

33. (a) An ac source of voltage V = V0 sin ωt is connected to a series

combination of L, C and R. Use the phasor diagram to obtain expressions
for impedance of the circuit and phase angle between voltage and
current.

(b) In a series L R circuit XL = R and power factor of the circuit is P1. When
capacitor with capacitance C such that XL = XC is put in series, the power
factor becomes P2. Calculate P1/ P2 .

(OR)

i) Draw a schematic diagram of a step-up transformer. Explain its working

principle. Deduce the expression for the secondary to primary voltage in
terms of the number of turns in the two coils.

ii)A 2 μF capacitor, 100 Ω resistor and 8 H inductor are connected in series

with an ac source. (i) What should be the frequency of the source such
that current drawn in the circuit is maximum?What is this frequency
called?

(ii) If the peak value of emf of the source is 200 V, find the maximum
current.
(iii)Draw a graph showing variation of amplitude of circuit current with
changing frequency of applied voltage in a series LRC circuit for two
different values of resistance R1 and R2 (R1 > R2).