HKIMO 2024 FRR SECONDARY 1 SET 1

LOGICAL THINKING
1. A car from point 𝐴 to point 𝐵 takes 4 hours. The average speed from 𝐵 to 𝐴 is 120km/h
and the average speed from 𝐵 to 𝐴 is three-halves from 𝐴 to 𝐵. Find the distance between
𝐴 and 𝐵 in km.

2. Jen walks 25m east, then runs 24m north, lastly runs 15m west. How far is she now from
the original position?

2𝑥+6
3. How many integral solution(s) is/are there for 𝑥 if −6 ≤ < 4?
7

4. It is known that 𝐴: 𝐵 = 5: 4, 𝐵: 𝐶 = 9: 7, 𝐶: 𝐷 = 4: 7, 𝐴 + 𝐵 + 𝐶 + 𝐷 = 2212. Find the value

of 𝐷 − 𝐴.

5. Find the average of the following number sequence.

2006, 2001, 2013, 2008, 2020, 2015, … , 2314, 2309, 2321, 2316

6. There are some rabbits and birds in a pet shop and the number of birds is 4 less than the
number of rabbits. The number of legs of birds is 44 less than the number of legs of rabbits.
What is the total number of rabbits and birds in the pet shop?
ALGEBRA
7. If 𝑥 and 𝑦 are positive integers and 25𝑥 − 15𝑦 = 65. Find the minimum value of 3𝑥 + 7𝑦.

8. Factorize 4𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 33.

9. If 𝑥 and √𝑥 2 + 99, are both positive integers find the sum of all possible value(s) of 𝑥.

10. If the sum of squares of 4 positive consecutive even numbers is equal to 696, find the
largest number among them.

11. Find the value of 𝑥 if (55 + 34𝑥) − 11(𝑥 − 21) = 0

12. How many negative integral solution(s) is/are there for 𝑥 if 5𝑥 + 53 > −𝑥 + 26?

NUMBER THEORY

13. If 3-digit number 𝑥 satisfies 𝑥 ≡ 8 (𝑚𝑜𝑑 13), find the maximum value of 𝑥.
14. A 4-digit number is divisible by 5, has a remainder 5 when divided by 11 and has a
remainder 4 when divided by 9. Find the smallest possible value of this 4-digit number.

15. Find the smallest integer 𝑥 greater than 2024, such that when 6𝑥−2024is divided by 43, it
has a remainder of 1.

16. Find the sum of all positive factors of 1073.

17. Find the last 3 digits of 𝐴 if 𝐴 = 4 + 13 + 22 + 31 + ⋯ + 499 + 508.

18. Find the remainder of 6516 when divided by 7.

Geometry

19. A square and a right-angled triangle overlap. The base of the triangle is the same as the
side length of the square and the height of the triangle is twice the side length of the
square. If the length of the diagonal of the square is 30, find the area of the triangle.

20. The perimeter of the base of a square pyramid is 60cm. If the value of the area of the
base of the pyramid is thrice the value of the height of the pyramid, find the volume of
the square pyramid in cubic centimeters.

21. A solid cuboid is formed by merging 448 cubes with side length 1. Find the minimum value
of the total surface area of the cuboid.

22. A polygon is fan triangulated if we choose one vertex from the polygon and draw edges to
join it to all other non-neighboring vertices of the polygon so that the edges divide the
polygon into several triangles. If the sum of the exterior angles of a regular polygon is 18
times the number of triangles formed by fan triangulating the regular polygon, how many
sides does the regular polygon have?

23. There are three congruent triangles. If we combine them in three different ways to form
three distinct trapezoids, the perimeters of the three trapezoids are 42, 46, and 54
respectively. Find the perimeter of one of the triangles.
24. An iron wire is bent in the form of 14 identical squares. The area of each square is 484. If the
wire is now bent in the form of seven identical circles, find the radius of the circles. (Take 𝜋 =
22
)
7

COMBINATORICS
25. Suppose 3 cards are randomly drawn from an ordinary poker deck of 52 playing cards
one by one without replacement. Find the probability that the three cards share the
same suit.

26. Rearrange the letters from word “ABCDEFGHI” such that G and F become the first and
the last letters of the word respectively, how many different arrangement(s) is/are
there?

27. How many different way(s) is/are there to line up 8 identical yellow pens, 4 identical
white pens and 3 identical green pens in a row from left to right?

28. Find the number of 3-digit positive integers such that the product of its digits is 30 or 35.

29. Find the number of positive square numbers that are less than 2024 and are divisible by
11.

30. A flight of stairs has 15 steps. Joy can climb up 1 step, 2 steps or 3 steps at a time. The 6th,
9th and the 12th step of the stairs cannot be stepped on as they are broken. How many
different way(s) is/are there for Joy to climb up the stairs?
 HKIMO 2024 FRR SECONDARY 1 SET 1
SOLUTION MANUAL
LOGICAL THINKING
1. A car from point 𝐴 to point 𝐵 takes 4 hours. The average speed from 𝐵 to 𝐴 is 120km/h
and the average speed from 𝐵 to 𝐴 is three-halves from 𝐴 to 𝐵. Find the distance between
𝐴 and 𝐵 in km.

Answer: 320
Solution:
3
𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑𝐴−𝐵 = 120
2
2
𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑𝐴−𝐵 = 120 ( )
3
= 80
Thus
𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒𝐴−𝐵 = 𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑𝐴−𝐵 × 𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒𝐴−𝐵
= 80(4) = 320.
2. Jen walks 25m east, then runs 24m north, lastly runs 15m west. How far is she now from
the original position?

Answer: 26
Solution:
By Pythagorean theorem,
242 + (25 − 15)2 = 𝑐 2
576 + 100 = 𝑐 2
676 = 𝑐 2
𝑐 = 26
2𝑥+6
3. How many integral solution(s) is/are there for 𝑥 if −6 ≤ 7 < 4?
Answer: 35
Solution:
2𝑥 + 6
−6 ≤ <4
7
−42 ≤ 2𝑥 + 6 < 28
−48 ≤ 2𝑥 < 22
 −24 ≤ 𝑥 < 11
−24 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 10
10 + 24 + 1 = 35
4. It is known that 𝐴: 𝐵 = 5: 4, 𝐵: 𝐶 = 9: 7, 𝐶: 𝐷 = 4: 7, 𝐴 + 𝐵 + 𝐶 + 𝐷 = 2212. Find the value
of 𝐷 − 𝐴.
Answer: 56
Solution:
𝐴: 𝐵: 𝐶 = 5(9): (4)(9): (4)7 = 45: 36: 28
𝐴: 𝐵: 𝐶: 𝐷 = 45(1): 36(1): (28)(1): (7)7 = 45: 36: 28: 49
45𝑥 + 36𝑥 + 28𝑥 + 49𝑥 = 2212
158𝑥 = 2212
𝑥 = 14
𝐷 − 𝐴 = 49𝑥 − 45𝑥 = 4𝑥 = 4(14) = 56.
5. Find the average of the following number sequence.
2006, 2001, 2013, 2008, 2020, 2015, … , 2314, 2309, 2321, 2316
Answer: 2161
Solution:
To solve this, we can separate them into two number sequences, that is
2001, 2008, 2015, … , 2309, 2316
And
2006, 2013, 2020, … , 2314, 2321.
Now, taking the average of both sequences,
2001 + 2316 4317
= = 2158.5
2 2
And
2006 + 2321 4327
= = 2163.5
2 2
Lastly, take the average of these two averages
2158.5 + 2163.5
= 2161.
2
6. There are some rabbits and birds in a pet shop and the number of birds is 4 less than the
number of rabbits. The number of legs of birds is 44 less than the number of legs of rabbits.
What is the total number of rabbits and birds in the pet shop?

Answer: 32
Solution:
Let 𝑟 = number of rabbits, 𝑏 = number of birds
𝑏 =𝑟−4
2𝑏 = 4𝑟 − 44
2(𝑟 − 4) = 4𝑟 − 44
2𝑟 − 8 = 4𝑟 − 44
2𝑟 = 36
𝑟 = 18
 𝑏 = 18 − 4 = 14
𝑟 + 𝑏 = 18 + 14 = 32
ALGEBRA
7. If 𝑥 and 𝑦 are positive integers and 25𝑥 − 15𝑦 = 65. Find the minimum value of 3𝑥 + 7𝑦.
Answer: 43
Solution:
25𝑥 − 15𝑦 = 65
5𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 13
3𝑦 = 5𝑥 − 13
5𝑥 13
𝑦= −
3 3
Thus
5𝑥 − 13 ≡ 0 𝑚𝑜𝑑 3
5𝑥 ≡ 13 𝑚𝑜𝑑 3
5𝑥 ≡ 10 𝑚𝑜𝑑 3
𝑥 ≡ 2 𝑚𝑜𝑑 3
𝑥 = 3𝑛 + 2
Now, let 𝑛 = 0,
𝑥 = 3(0) + 2 = 0 + 2 = 2
5(2) − 3𝑦 = 13
10 − 3𝑦 = 13
−3𝑦 = 13 − 10
−3𝑦 = 3
𝑦 = −1.
Since 𝑦 should be positive, let us use 𝑛 = 1.
𝑥 = 3(1) + 2 = 3 + 2 = 5
5(5) − 3𝑦 = 13
25 − 3𝑦 = 13
−3𝑦 = 13 − 25
−3𝑦 = −12
𝑦 = 4.
It follows that
3𝑥 + 7𝑦 = 3(5) + 7(4) = 15 + 28 = 43.
2
8. Factorize 4𝑥 + 𝑥 − 33.
Answer: (4𝑥 − 11)(𝑥 + 3) or (𝑥 + 3)(4𝑥 − 11)
Solution:
Multiplying 𝑎 and 𝑐, we get 4(−33) = −132.
Now, get integers such that their product is −132 and their sum is 𝑏 = 1.
Thus, we have integers 12 and −11.
Observe that 12 = 4(3) and so it follows that the factors are
(4𝑥 − 11)(𝑥 + 3).
9. If 𝑥 and √𝑥 2 + 99, are both positive integers find the sum of all possible value(s) of 𝑥.
Answer: 65
Solution:
Let 𝑦 = √𝑥 2 + 99,
𝑦 2 = 𝑥 2 + 99
𝑦 2 − 𝑥 2 = 99
(𝑦 + 𝑥)(𝑦 − 𝑥) = 99
Thus, (𝑦 + 𝑥) and (𝑦 − 𝑥) are factors of 99.
Note that (𝑦 − 𝑥) is always the lower value factor,
so
𝑖𝑓 (𝑦 − 𝑥) = 1, (𝑦 + 𝑥) = 99: 𝑥 = 49
𝑖𝑓 (𝑦 − 𝑥) = 3, (𝑦 + 𝑥) = 33: 𝑥 = 15
𝑖𝑓 (𝑦 − 𝑥) = 9, (𝑦 + 𝑥) = 11: 𝑥 = 1
Therefore
49 + 15 + 1 = 65.
10. If the sum of squares of 4 positive consecutive even numbers is equal to 696, find the
largest number among them.
Answer: 16
Solution:
Let 𝑥 be the average of the four even numbers.
Then
(𝑥 − 3)2 + (𝑥 − 1)2 + (𝑥 + 1)2 + (𝑥 + 3)2 = 696
4𝑥 2 + 20 = 696
4𝑥 2 = 676
2𝑥 = 26
𝑥 = 13.
Thus, the second largest number among them is 𝑥 + 3 = 13 + 3 = 16.
11. Find the value of 𝑥 if (55 + 34𝑥) − 11(𝑥 − 21) = 0
286
Answer: − 23
Solution:
Evaluate directly,
55 + 34𝑥 − 11𝑥 + 231 = 0
23𝑥 + 286 = 0
23𝑥 = −286
286
𝑥=−
23

12. How many negative integral solution(s) is/are there for 𝑥 if 5𝑥 + 53 > −𝑥 + 26?
Answer: 4
Solution:
5𝑥 + 53 > −𝑥 + 26
6𝑥 > −27
 27
𝑥>−
6
9
𝑥>−
2
𝑥 ≥ −4
𝑥 = {−4, −3, −2, −1}.
Number Theory
13. If 3-digit number 𝑥 satisfies 𝑥 ≡ 8 (𝑚𝑜𝑑 13), find the maximum value of 𝑥.
Answer: 996
Solution:
1000
≈ 76
13
13 × 76 = 988
988 + 8 = 996
14. A 4-digit number is divisible by 5, has a remainder 5 when divided by 11 and has a
remainder 4 when divided by 9. Find the smallest possible value of this 4-digit number.
Answer: 1435
Solution:
By Chinese Remainder Theorem
5 𝑚𝑜𝑑 11 4 𝑚𝑜𝑑 9 0 𝑚𝑜𝑑 5
𝑥≡ 9×5×5 11 × 5 × 4 11 × 9 × 0
𝑥≡ 225 220 0
Thus
𝑥 ≡ (225 + 220) 𝑚𝑜𝑑 (11 × 9 × 5)
𝑥 ≡ 445 𝑚𝑜𝑑 495
𝑥 = 495𝑛 + 445
𝑥 = 495(2) + 445 = 1435.

15. Find the smallest integer 𝑥 greater than 2024, such that when 6𝑥−2024is divided by 43, it
has a remainder of 1.
Answer: 2027
Solution:
216
Note that 43 = 5 𝑟. 1, and 216 = 63 so we just need to find a number greater than
2024 wherein we would get a difference of 3 when subtracted by 2024, so
𝑥 − 2024 = 3
𝑥 = 2024 + 3
𝑥 = 2027
16. Find the sum of all positive factors of 1073.
Answer: 1140
Solution:
First, find the prime factors of 1073,
1073 = 29 × 37
 Then, using the formula for sum of positive factors,
(𝑎0 + 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 + ⋯ + 𝑎𝑛 )(𝑏1 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑏 3 + ⋯ + 𝑏 𝑘 ) …
Where, 𝑎 and 𝑏 are the prime base and 𝑛 and 𝑘 are the exponent of the prime base
such that,
(290 + 291 )(370 + 371 )
(30)(38) = 1140
17. Find the last 3 digits of 𝐴 if 𝐴 = 4 + 13 + 22 + 31 + ⋯ + 499 + 508.
Answer: 592
Solution:
To solve this, use this formula,
𝑆𝑢𝑚 = (𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒)(𝑛𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠)
𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 + 𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 − 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚
𝑆𝑢𝑚 = ( )( + 1)
2 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒
4 + 508 508 − 4
𝑆𝑢𝑚 = ( )( + 1) = (256)(57) = 14592
2 9
Thus, the last three digit is 592.
18. Find the remainder of 6516 when divided by 7.
Answer: 2
Solution:
6516 ≡ 216 𝑚𝑜𝑑 7
≡ (212 × 24 ) 𝑚𝑜𝑑 7
≡ (26 )2 (24 ) 𝑚𝑜𝑑 7
≡ 1(24 ) 𝑚𝑜𝑑 7
≡ 16 𝑚𝑜𝑑 7
≡ 2 𝑚𝑜𝑑 7
Geometry
19. A square and a right-angled triangle overlap. The base of the triangle is the same as the
side length of the square and the height of the triangle is twice the side length of the
square. If the length of the diagonal of the square is 30, find the area of the triangle.
Answer: 450
Solution:
Since the diagonal of the square is given, then by Pythagorean Theorem, we can
get the side lengths 𝑠 of the square, that is
𝑠 2 + 𝑠 2 = 302
2𝑠 2 = 900
𝑠 2 = 450
𝑠 = 15√2.
But we don’t actually need that. Observe that the triangle’s height is twice the side
length of the square, that is to say that the area of the triangle is given by
1
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 𝑏ℎ
2
 1
= 𝑠(2𝑠)
2
= 𝑠2
= 450.

20. The perimeter of the base of a square pyramid is 60cm. If the value of the area of the
base of the pyramid is thrice the value of the height of the pyramid, find the volume of
the square pyramid in cubic centimeters.
Answer:5625
Solution:
Since the perimeter of the square is given then we can get the side length,
60
= 15
4
So, the area of the square is,
152 = 225
And from the problem it is stated that the value of the height of the pyramid is
thrice the value of the area of the base square then,
𝐴𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒 = 3(𝐻𝑝𝑦𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑑 )
𝐴𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒 225
𝐻𝑝𝑦𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑑 = = = 75
3 3
The Volume of a square pyramid is given by,
ℎ 75
𝑉𝑝𝑦𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑑 = (𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒) = (225) = 25(225) = 5625
3 3

21. A solid cuboid is formed by merging 448 cubes with side length 1. Find the minimum value
of the total surface area of the cuboid.
Answer: 352
Solution:
First find the prime factors of 448
448: 26 × 7
To have the minimum value of surface area, the side lengths must be closest to
each other,
8×8×7
So,
𝑆𝐴 = 2(8 × 8 + 8 × 7 + 7 × 8)
𝑆𝐴 = 2(176) = 352.

22. A polygon is fan triangulated if we choose one vertex from the polygon and draw edges to
join it to all other non-neighboring vertices of the polygon so that the edges divide the
polygon into several triangles. If the sum of the exterior angles of a regular polygon is 18
times the number of triangles formed by fan triangulating the regular polygon, how many
sides does the regular polygon have?
Answer: 22
Solution:
 Fan triangulated means that we are forming triangle inside the polygon. It is also
worth noting that the triangles formed inside an 𝑛-sided polygon is always 𝑛 − 2
where 𝑛 is the number of sides of the polygon. So,
360 = 18(𝑛 − 2)
20 = 𝑛 − 2
𝑛 = 22
23. There are three congruent triangles. If we combine them in three different ways to form
three distinct trapezoids, the perimeters of the three trapezoids are 42, 46, and 54
respectively. Find the perimeter of one of the triangles.
142 2
Answer: 5 𝑜𝑟 28 5 𝑜𝑟 28.4
Solution:
To solve it, refer to the figure below,

Which means that whenever another side is used as the base, the perimeter will
be given by,
𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 + 2𝑎 = 42
𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 + 2𝑏 = 46
𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 + 2𝑐 = 54
Adding them together,
5𝑎 + 5𝑏 + 5𝑐 = 142
Perimeter of the triangle is then,
142 2
𝑎+𝑏+𝑐 = = 28 = 28.4.
5 5

24. An iron wire is bent in the form of 14 identical squares. The area of each square is 484. If the
wire is now bent in the form of seven identical circles, find the radius of the circles. (Take 𝜋 =
22
)
7
Answer: 28
Solution:
Area of each square = 484, which means that the side length is 22.
 Then, to get the area of each circle, take the perimeter of the square to know the
length of the wire,
22 × 4 = 88
Total perimeter
88 × 14 = 1232
So, we have a total length of wires that is 1232 then we make it into 7 identical
circles,
1232
= 176
7
Which means that the circumference of each circle is 176, we can now find the
value of the radius,
𝐶 = 2𝜋𝑟
𝐶 176
𝑟= = = 28.
2𝜋 2(22)
7
COMBINATORICS
25. Suppose 3 cards are randomly drawn from an ordinary poker deck of 52 playing cards
one by one without replacement. Find the probability that the three cards share the
same suit.
22
Answer: 425
Solution:
13 12 11 11 22
4( × × ) = 4( )=
52 51 50 850 425

26. Rearrange the letters from word “ABCDEFGHI” such that G and F become the first and
the last letters of the word respectively, how many different arrangement(s) is/are
there?
Answer: 5040
Solution:
Since we only need to arrange the remaining letters in random order then we
only need to count the total number of letters and subtract it by 2 and do
factorial,
9−2=7
7! = 7 × 6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 5040
27. How many different way(s) is/are there to line up 8 identical yellow pens, 4 identical
white pens and 3 identical green pens in a row from left to right?
Answer: 225225
Solution:
(8 + 4 + 3)! 15 × 14 × 13 × 12 × 11 × 10 × 9
=
8! 4! 3! 4×3×2×3×2
= 5 × 7 × 13 × 11 × 5 × 9
= 225225
28. Find the number of 3-digit positive integers such that the product of its digits is 30 or 35.
Answer: 18
Solution:
 Note that
30 = 2 × 3 × 5
So
{2,3,5} = 3! = 6
{1,5,6} = 3! = 6
Also
35 = 5 × 7
So
{1,5,7} = 3! = 6
All in all
6 + 6 + 6 = 18.

29. Find the number of positive square numbers that are less than 2024 and are divisible by
11.
Answer: 4
Solution:
452 = 2025
Which means that the maximum possible square number is
442 = 1936
Then, the only possible square numbers divisible by 11 are,
112 , 222 , 332 , 442
A total of 4 numbers.
30. A flight of stairs has 15 steps. Joy can climb up 1 step, 2 steps or 3 steps at a time. The 6th,
9th and the 12th step of the stairs cannot be stepped on as they are broken. How many
different way(s) is/are there for Joy to climb up the stairs?
Answer: 364
Solution:

STEP WAYS TO CLIMB

1 1
2 2
3 4
4 7
5 13
6 -
7 20
8 33
9 -
10 53
11 86
12 -
13 139
14 225
15 364