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CALIDAD

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21 views4 pages

CALIDAD

Uploaded by

sandraramlaz680
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

1. Which are the seven quality tools?

• Histogram
• Cause and Effect Diagram
• Check Sheet
• Pareto Diagram
• Flow Chart
• Scatter Diagram
• Control Chart
2. Mention 3 benefits of applying QC7 tools.
•
3. What is a histogram?
A histogram is a graphical display of tabulated frequencies, shown as bars. It
shows what proportion of cases fall into each of several categories.
4. How need to be the intervals in a histogram?
The intervals (or bands) should ideally be of the same size.
5. What is the Ishikawa diagram?
The Ishikawa diagram (or fishbone diagram or also cause-and-effect diagram)
are diagrams, that shows thecauses of a certain event. A common use of the
Ishikawa diagram is in product design, to identify potential factors causing an
overall effect.
6. Which are the 6M’s? For who is recommend it?
• The 6 M's Machine, Method, Materials, Maintenance, Man and
Mother Nature (Environment) (recommended for the manufacturing
industry). Note: a more modern selection of categories used in
manufacturing includes Equipment, Process, People, Materials,
Environment, and Management.
7. Which are the 8P’’s? For who is recommend it?
The 8 P's Price, Promotion, People, Processes, Place / Plant, Policies,
Procedures, and Product (or Service) (recommended for the administration and
service industries).
8. Which are the 4S’s? For who is recommend it?
The 4 S's Surroundings, Suppliers, Systems, Skills (recommended for the
service industry).
9. Explain what is a Check Sheet?
The check sheet is a simple document that is used for collecting data in real-
time and at the location where the data is generated. The document is typically
a blank form that is designed for the quick, easy, and efficient recording of the
desired information, which can be either quantitative or qualitative.
10. Explain the basic types of Check Sheets.
• Classification: A trait such as a defect or failure mode must be
classified into a category.
• Location: The physical location of a trait is indicated on a picture of a
part or item being evaluated.
• Frequency: The presence or absence of a trait or combination of
traits is indicated. Also number of occurrences of a trait on a part can
be indicated.
• Measurement Scale: A measurement scale is divided into intervals,
and measurements are indicated by checking an appropriate
interval.
• Check List: The items to be performed for a task are listed so that,
as each is accomplished, it can be indicated as having been
completed.
11. What is the Pareto Chart?
A Pareto chart is a special type of bar chart where the values being plotted are
arranged in descending order. The graph is accompanied by a line graph which
shows the cumulative totals of each category, left to right.
12. Who developed the Pareto Chart?
The Pareto chart was developed to illustrate the 80-20 Rule — that 80 percent
of the problems stem from 20 percent of the various causes.
13. What is the Flow Chart?
A flowchart is common type of chart, that represents an algorithm or process,
showing the steps as boxes of various kinds, and their order by connecting
these with arrows. Flowcharts are used in analyzing, designing, documenting or
managing a process or program in various fields.
14. Where is used Flow Chart?
Flowcharts are used in designing and documenting complex processes. Like
other types of diagram, they help visualize what is going on and thereby help
the viewer to understand a process, and perhaps also find flaws, bottlenecks,
and other less-obvious features within it.
15. Mention the two most common types of boxes in a Flow Chart.
Types of boxes in a flowchart are:
• a processing step, usually called activity, and denoted as a rectangular
box
• a decision, usually denoted as a diamond.
16. What is a Scatter Chart?
A scatter plot is a type of display using Cartesian coordinates to display values
for two variables for a set of data. The data is displayed as a collection of
points, each having the value of one variable determining the position on the
horizontal axis and the value of the other variable determining the position on
the vertical axis.
17. What are the types of correlation in Scatter Chart?
18. Draw and write the example of scatter chart
Waiting time between eruptions and the duration of the eruption for the Old
Faithful geyser in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA. This chart
suggests there are generally two "types" of eruptions: short-wait-short-duration,
and long-wait-long-duration.

19. What is a control Chart?


The control chart, also known as the Shewhart chart or process-behaviour
chart, in statistical process control is a tool used to determine whether a
manufacturing or business process is in a state of statistical control or not.
A control chart consists of the following:
Points representing measurements of a quality characteristic in samples
taken from the process at different times [the data]
A centre line, drawn at the process characteristic mean which is calculated
from the data
Upper and lower control limits (sometimes called "natural process limits") that
indicate the threshold at which the process
output is considered statistically 'unlikely'
The chart may contain other optional features, including:
Upper and lower warning limits, drawn as separate lines, typically two
standard deviations above and below the centre line
Division into zones, with the addition of rules governing frequencies of
observations in each zone
Annotation with events of interest, as determined by the Quality Engineer in
charge of the process's quality Explain the chart details of Control Chart
20. Draw the example of Control Chart Details

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