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Doppler Artifacts

Doppler artefacts in ultrasound

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19 views26 pages

Doppler Artifacts

Doppler artefacts in ultrasound

Uploaded by

norfadillah2200
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RIMBERIO CO

DOPPLER
ARTIFACTS

BY SUHAILAH SULAIMI
DOPPLER
ULTRASOUND
Imaging test that uses sound waves to
show blood moving through blood
vessels. A regular ultrasound also uses
sound waves to create images of
structures inside the body, but it can't
show blood flow. Doppler ultrasound
works by measuring sound waves that
are reflected from moving objects, such
as red blood cells.
RIMBERIO CO
TYPES OF DOPPLER
01 Color Doppler 02 Spectral Doppler 03 Duplex Doppler
show the speed shows blood flow computer turns
and direction of information on a the images into a
blood flow in graph rather than graph as in
real time color pictures spectral Doppler

04 Power Doppler 05 Continous Wave Doppler


provide more sound waves are sent and
detail of blood received continuously. It allows
flow but cannot for more accurate measurement
show direction of blood that flows at faster
speed
RIMBERIO CO
TYPES OF DOPPLER
01 Color Doppler 02 Spectral Doppler 03 Duplex Doppler

04 Power Doppler 05 Continous Wave Doppler


DOPPLER
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commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate

ARTIFACTS
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cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia, sunt in culpa qui officia
deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
RIMBERIO CO

DOPPLER
ARTIFACTS
Features appearing in
ultrasound images that does
not correspond or represent
the actual anatomical or
pathological structures
Types of Doppler Artifacts
Display as 'wrap around' which high
Aliasing
velocities is converted into reversed flow
Intrinsic Spectral
Turbulence in blood flow as reflective
Broadening
red blood cells becomes more diverse
Doppler Mirror Colour flows similar to original vessels
Artifact will be seen at deeper depth
Temporal When frame rate is too low and unable
Resolution Artifact to keep up with changes of blood flow

Twinkling Artifact Appear as vertical area of alternating color


doppler posterior to crystal of stone
RIMBERIO CO DOPPLER ARTIFACTS

Doppler Mirror Intrinsic Spectral Temporal Resolution


Artifact Broadening Artifact

Aliasing Twinkling Artifact


ALIASING
• Higher PRF allow us to measure higher velocity
• To measure the blood flow accurately, PRF need to
be more than twice of frequency of the blood flow
Spectral Doppler Colour Doppler
• Peak of spectral • Colour from both direction
waveform will exceeded will appear even though the
maximum value and fluid flows in 1 direction
continue at opposite site of • Colour change from black to
baseline red to blue without passing
black region
METHOD TO REDUCED ALIASING

Spectral Doppler Colour Doppler

• Increase PRF to increase • Increase scale to


maximum velocity demonstrate higher velocity
• Adjust baseline to • Adjust baseline to
maximum velocity maximum velocity
• Use high PRF mode by • Use directional power
emitting 2nd pulse before doppler to detect direction
receive echo from 1st pulse of flow
Spectral Doppler Colour Doppler
INTRINSIC SPECTRAL BROADENING
RIMBERIO CO

• Caused by turbulence in blood flow as the normally


homogeneous velocity of reflective red blood cells becomes
more diverse, resulting in the apparent broadening of the
spectral Doppler waveform
• Focussed beam arised from area of transducer gap and
focus into smaller area at focus point
• Beam path will travel at slightly different angle
• Beam path closer to perpendicular will get lower velocity
measurement and vice versa
• Lower velocity signal demonstrated below actual spectral
waveform
INTRINSIC SPECTRAL BROADENING
RIMBERIO CO

Spectral Doppler
waveforms demonstrate
laminar-similar velocity (A),
disturbed (B), and
turbulent (C) flow patterns
INTRINSIC SPECTRAL BROADENING
RIMBERIO CO
INTRINSIC SPECTRAL BROADENING
RIMBERIO CO

(A) Normal Doppler


spectrum with spectral
window (indicated by
arrow). (B) Spectral
broadening in non-parallel
flow. (C) Fill-in of spectral
window by low-velocity
flow and turbulence
DOPPLER MIRROR ARTIFACT
Caused by mirroring of doppler signals

Spectral Doppler Colour Doppler

• Spectral waveform is • Mirrored doppler signal


mirrored at opposite site of will appear deeper to the
baseline original signal
• Also known as spectral • Also known as colour
mirror artifact mirror artifact
Spectral Mirror Artifact Colour Mirror Artifact
• Occur when beam hits • When beam hits moving
vessel perpendicular and blood cells, echoes will be
focussed to smaller width scattered in all direction due
• Multiple beam path with to Rayleigh scattering
slightly different angle will • Echoes that travel back to
pass through central part of transducer act as original
sample gate doppler signal, some echoes
• Some part detect flow travel to strong reflector take
towards transducer, other longer time to travel back is
away from transducer placed deeper
Spectral Mirror Artifact Colour Mirror Artifact
TEMPORAL RESOLUTION ARTIFACT
RIMBERIO CO

• Ultrasound images are generated by sending high frequency


pulse into the tissue
• For each beamline, the transducer sends a pulse and awaits
any reflected echoes from the tissue
• The transducer will not move to the next beamline until
echoes from the maximum depth has been received
• An entire images will be generated when all beamlines have
been completes
• This artifact occur when frame rate is too low and unable to
keep up with the changes in blood flow
METHOD TO INCREASE FRAME RATE
RIMBERIO CO

• Increase propagation speed of sound wave through


the tissue. The propagation speed of sound is higher
in tissues with increased stiffness and reduced
density
• Reduced depth of field to shorten pulse travel
distance
• Reduced colour box of width and height to reduced
number of beamlines
• Reduced number of focal points to limit beamline
duplication
TEMPORAL RESOLUTION ARTIFACT
RIMBERIO CO

Reduced Depth

Reduced Number
of Focal Point
TWINKLING ARTIFACT
• Seen with color flow Doppler ultrasound
• Occurs as a focus of alternating colors on
Doppler signal behind a reflective object
which gives the appearance of turbulent
blood flow
• Appears with or without color comet tail
artifact
• More sensitive for detection of small stones
than big stones with posterior shadowing
METHOD TO REDUCED
TWINKLING ARTIFACT

• Locate focal zone above rough


reflecting surface as twinkling artifacts
more obvious when it is below rough
surface
• Increase PRF to avoid visualising the
artifact
METHOD TO REDUCED
TWINKLING ARTIFACT
RIMBERIO CO

THANK YOU

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