Gujarat Technological University
Gujarat Technological University
/Seat No_______________
Q.1 (a) Define Logical Data Independence and Physical Data Independence. 03
(b) Draw and explain 3 layers of abstraction of DBMS 04
(c) Write relational algebra expression for following 07
(query 1,2 and 3 carry one mark/query 4 & 5 carry two marks)
Employee(eid, ename, salary, deptid)
Department(deptid, dname)
1) List name of all employee
2) List all the departments with id > 5
3) List sum of the salary all employees.
4) Department wise count the number of employees
5) Find the name of employee earning highest salary.
Q.3 (a) Give syntax of command used to add a new column in a table. 03
(b) Define indexing. How will it be useful for searching data? 04
(c) How can we measure cost of Join query? Explain using example. 07
OR
Q.3 (a) Write an SQL command to modify the content of table. 03
(b) Explain sparse indexing with the help of diagram. 04
(c) Draw and explain the query processing steps 07
Q.4 (a) What is relational model? Explain schema diagram using example. 03
(b) Define transaction and its properties? 04
(c) Write a note on view serializability 07
OR
Q.4 (a) With the help of example explain Generalization.. 03
(b) Define various approach used for Log based recovery 04
(c) List and explain various types of Locks used for concurrency control. 07
1
Q.5 (a) How can we print output in PL/SQL block? Give example. 03
(b) Explain cursor and its types. 04
(c) Write SQL queries for the following 07
(query 1,2 and 3 carry one mark/query 4 & 5 carry two marks)
Employee(eid, ename, salary, deptid)
Department(deptid, dname)
1. List name of all employee
2. List all the departments with id > 5
3. List sum of the salary all employees.
4. Department wise count the number of employees
5. Find the name of employee earning highest salary.
OR
Q.5 (a) Define encryption and decryption. 03
(b) List various types of Trigers. 04
(c) What is role? How can we authorize a user using grant and revoke command? Give 07
example.
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