𝑽𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓 𝑰𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏

There are three types of vector integrals:

01. 𝑳𝒊𝒏𝒆 𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒍𝒔

02. 𝑺𝒖𝒓𝒇𝒂𝒄𝒆 𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒍𝒔
03. 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆 𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒍𝒔

.
Problem 01. If 𝑨 ̂ evaluate ∫ 𝑨
̅ = (𝟑𝒙𝟐 + 𝟔𝒚)𝒊̂ − 𝟏𝟒𝒚𝒛𝒋̂ + 𝟐𝟎𝒙𝒛𝟐 𝒌 ̅ . 𝒅𝒓̅ from
𝒄
(𝟎, 𝟎, 𝟎)𝒕𝒐(𝟏, 𝟏, 𝟏) along the following paths c.
a. 𝒙 = 𝒕, 𝒚 = 𝒕𝟐 , 𝒛 = 𝒕𝟑 .
b. The straight lines from (𝟎, 𝟎, 𝟎)𝒕𝒐(𝟏, 𝟎, 𝟎) then to (𝟏, 𝟏, 𝟎)𝒂𝒏𝒅(𝟏, 𝟏, 𝟏)
c. The straight line joining (𝟎, 𝟎, 𝟎)𝒕𝒐(𝟏, 𝟏, 𝟏)

C1:(𝟎, 𝟎, 𝟎)𝒕𝒐(𝟏, 𝟎, 𝟎); x varies from 0 to 1 and y=0, dy=0; z=0, dz=0
C2:(𝟏, 𝟎, 𝟎)𝒕𝒐(𝟏, 𝟏, 𝟎); y varies from 0 to 1 and x=1, dx=0; z=0, dz=0
C3:(𝟏, 𝟏, 𝟎)𝒕𝒐(𝟏, 𝟏, 𝟏); z varies from 0 to 1 and x=1, dx=0; y=1, dy=0
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:
. .
We have, ∫𝑐 𝐴̅. 𝑑𝑟̅ = ∫𝑐[(3𝑥 2 + 6𝑦)𝑖̂ − 14𝑦𝑧𝑗̂ + 20𝑥𝑧 2 𝑘̂] . [𝑑𝑥𝑖̂ + 𝑑𝑦𝑗̂ + 𝑑𝑧𝑘̂]
.
= ∫𝑐(3𝑥 2 + 6𝑦)𝑑𝑥 − 14𝑦𝑧𝑑𝑦 + 20𝑥𝑧 2 𝑑𝑧

(a) If 𝑥 = 𝑡, 𝑦 = 𝑡 2 , 𝑧 = 𝑡 3 points (0,0,0)𝑎𝑛𝑑(1,1,1) correspond to 𝑡 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡 = 1

respectively
. 1
∫𝑐 𝐴̅. 𝑑𝑟̅ = ∫𝑡=0(3𝑡 2 + 6𝑡 2 ) 𝑑𝑡 − 14𝑡 2 . 𝑡 3 . 𝑑(𝑡)2 + 20𝑡. (𝑡 3 )2 . 𝑑(𝑡)3
1
= ∫𝑡=0 9𝑡 2 𝑑𝑡 − 14𝑡 5 . 2𝑡𝑑𝑡 + 20𝑡 7 . 3𝑡 2 𝑑𝑡
1
= ∫𝑡=0 9𝑡 2 𝑑𝑡 − 28𝑡 6 𝑑𝑡 + 60𝑡 9 𝑑𝑡
1
𝑡3 𝑡7 𝑡 10
= [9. − 28. + 60. ]
3 7 10 𝑡=0
= − 4𝑡 + 6𝑡10 ]1𝑡=0
[3𝑡 3 7

= {3. (1)3 − 4. (1)7 + 6. (1)10 } − 0

=3−4+6
=5 Answer

(b) Along the straight line from (0,0,0)𝑡𝑜(1,0,0), 𝑦 = 0, 𝑧 = 0 , 𝑑𝑦 = 0, 𝑑𝑧 = 0 while 𝑥 varies

from 0 𝑡𝑜 1. Then the integral over this part of the path is,
1
∫𝑥=0{3𝑥 2 + 6(0)} 𝑑𝑥 − 14(0). (0). (0) + 20𝑥(0)2 . 0
1
= ∫𝑥=0 3𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥

Page 1 of 8
 1
𝑥3
= [3. ]
3 0
= [𝑥 3 ]10
= 1 − 0
=1
Again along the straight line from (1,0,0)𝑡𝑜(1,1,0), 𝑥 = 1, 𝑧 = 0 , 𝑑𝑥 = 0, 𝑑𝑧 = 0 while 𝑦 varies from
0 𝑡𝑜 1. Then the integral over this part of the path is,
1
∫𝑦=0{3(1)2 + 6𝑦} . 0 − 14𝑦(0). 𝑑𝑦 + 20.1. (0)2 . 0
= 0.

Again the straight line from (1,1,0)𝑡𝑜(1,1,1), 𝑥 = 1, 𝑦 = 1 , 𝑑𝑥 = 0, 𝑑𝑦 = 0 while 𝑧 varies

from 0 𝑡𝑜 1.

Then the integral over this part of the path is,

1
∫𝑧=0{3(1)2 + 6(1)} . 0 − 14(1). 𝑧. 0 + 20.1. 𝑧 2 . 𝑑𝑧
1
= ∫𝑧=0 20𝑧 2 𝑑𝑧
1
𝑧3
= [20. 3 ]
0

20 20
= . [1 − 0] = .
3 3
. 20
Adding these then, ∫𝑐 𝐴̅. 𝑑𝑟̅ = 1 + 0 + 3

23
= Answer
3

(c) The straight line joining (0,0,0) 𝑡𝑜(1,1,1) is given in parametric from by 𝑥 = 𝑡, 𝑦 = 𝑡,
. 1
𝑧 = 𝑡, then, ∫𝑐 𝐴̅. 𝑑𝑟̅ = ∫𝑡=0(3𝑡 2 + 6𝑡) 𝑑𝑡 − 14(𝑡). (𝑡). 𝑑𝑡 + 20𝑡. (𝑡)2 . 𝑑𝑡
1
= ∫𝑡=0(3𝑡 2 + 6𝑡 − 14𝑡 2 + 20𝑡 3 ) 𝑑𝑡
1
= ∫𝑡=0(20𝑡 3 − 11𝑡 2 + 6𝑡) 𝑑𝑡
1
𝑡 3+1 𝑡 2+1 𝑡2
= [20. 3+1 − 11. 2+1 + 6 2 ]
0
1
11𝑡 3
= [5𝑡 4 − + 3𝑡 2 ]
3 0
4 11(1)3
= 5(1) − + 3(1)2
3

15−11+9
= 3
13
= Answer
3

Page 2 of 8
Problem 02. Find the work done in moving a particle once around a circle C in 𝑥𝑦 – plane.
If the circle has center at the origin and radius 3 and if the force is given by,
𝐹 = (2𝑥 − 𝑦 + 𝑧) 𝑖̂̂ + (𝑥 + 𝑦 − 𝑧²)𝑗̂̂ + (3𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 4𝑧)ĸ̂
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:

Given, F = (2x − y + z)î + (x + y − z²)ĵ + (3x − 2y + 4z)ĸ̂

In the xy-plane, z = 0, F = (2x − y)î + (x + y)ĵ + (3x − 2y)k̂ And dr̅ = dxî + dyĵ
So, the work done is,

∫𝑐𝐹̅ . 𝑑𝑟̅ = ∫𝑐[(2𝑥 − 𝑦)𝑖̂ + (𝑥 + 𝑦)𝑗̂ + (3𝑥 − 2𝑦)𝑘̂]. [𝑑𝑥𝑖̂̂ + 𝑑𝑦𝑗̂̂]

=∫𝑐(2𝑥 − 𝑦)𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 + 𝑦)𝑑𝑦

Choose the parametric equations of the circle is 𝑥 = 3𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡, 𝑦 = 3𝑠𝑖̂𝑛𝑡, Where 𝑡 varies from
0 𝑡𝑜 2𝜋.
Then the integral equals,
2𝜋 r
∫0 [2.3𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 − 3𝑠𝑖̂𝑛𝑡][−3𝑠𝑖̂𝑛𝑡 𝑑𝑡] + [3𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 + 3𝑠𝑖̂𝑛𝑡][3𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 𝑑𝑡]
t
2𝜋
= ∫0 {9 − 9𝑠𝑖̂𝑛𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡}𝑑𝑡

2𝜋 9
=∫0 {9 − 2 2𝑠𝑖̂𝑛𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡}𝑑𝑡

2𝜋 9
=∫0 {9 − 2 𝑠𝑖̂𝑛2𝑡}𝑑𝑡

9 2𝜋
= [ 9𝑡 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑡 ]
4 0

= 18𝜋 Answer

Problem 03. 𝐼𝑓 𝐹 = 3𝑥𝑦𝑖̂̂ − 𝑦 2 𝑗̂̂ Evaluate, ∫𝑐𝐹̅ . 𝑑𝑟̅. Where C is the curve in the 𝑥𝑦 plane
𝑦 = 2𝑥 2 , 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 (0 , 0) 𝑡𝑜 (1 , 2).
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:
Since the integration is performed in the xy plane, so 𝑧 = 0.
We can take, 𝑟 ̅ = 𝑥𝑖̂̂ + 𝑦𝑗̂̂

∴ 𝑑𝑟̅ = 𝑑𝑥𝑖̂̂ + 𝑑𝑦𝑗̂̂

Page 3 of 8
Now, ∫𝑐𝐹̅ . 𝑑𝑟̅ = ∫𝑐(3𝑥𝑦𝑖̂ − 𝑦 2 𝑗̂). (𝑑𝑥𝑖̂̂ + 𝑑𝑦𝑗̂̂) =∫𝑐 3𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑥 – 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦

Let, 𝑥 = 𝑡 𝑖̂𝑛 𝑦 = 2𝑥 2 . Then the parametric equation of C are 𝑥 = 𝑡 and 𝑦 = 2𝑡 2 points (0, 0)
and (1, 2) corresponds to 𝑡 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡 = 1 respectively
Then,
1
∫𝑐𝐹̅ . 𝑑𝑟̅ = ∫0 3(𝑡)(2𝑡 2 )𝑑𝑡 – (2𝑡 2 )2 𝑑 (2𝑡 2 )
1
= ∫0 6𝑡 3 𝑑𝑡 – 4𝑡 4 . 2.2𝑡 𝑑𝑡
1
= ∫0 6𝑡 3 𝑑𝑡 – 16𝑡 5 𝑑𝑡
𝑡4 𝑡⁶ 1
= [6. − 16 6 ]
4 0
7
= − 6 Answer

Problem 04.(HW-01) ̅ = (𝟓𝒙𝒚 − 𝟔𝒙𝟐 )𝒊̂ + (𝟐𝒚 − 𝟒𝒙)𝒋̂ evaluate ∫. 𝑭

If 𝑭 ̅ . 𝒅𝒓̅ where C is the curve
𝒄

in the 𝒙𝒚 plane, 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟑 from the point (𝟏, 𝟏)𝒕𝒐 (𝟐, 𝟖).

𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:
Since the integration is performed in the 𝑥𝑦 plane, so 𝑧 = 0.
We can take,
𝑟̅ = 𝑥𝑖̂ + 𝑦𝑗̂
∴ 𝑑𝑟̅ = 𝑑𝑥𝑖̂ + 𝑑𝑦𝑗̂
. .
Now, ∫𝑐 𝐹̅ . 𝑑𝑟̅ = ∫𝑐{(5𝑥𝑦 − 6𝑥 2 )𝑖̂ + (2𝑦 − 4𝑥)𝑗̂. (𝑑𝑥𝑖̂ + 𝑑𝑦𝑗̂)}
.
= ∫𝑐(5𝑥𝑦 − 6𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥 + (2𝑦 − 4𝑥)𝑑𝑦
Let 𝑥 = 𝑡, 𝑦 = 𝑡 3 , then the parametric equation of C are 𝑥 = 𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 = 𝑡 3 point
(1,1)𝑎𝑛𝑑 (2,8)
Corresponded to 𝑡 = 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡 = 2 respectively then,
. 2
∫𝑐 𝐹̅ . 𝑑𝑟̅ = ∫1 [5𝑡(𝑡 3 ) − 6𝑡 2 ] 𝑑𝑡 + [2𝑡 3 − 4𝑡]𝑑𝑡 3
2
= ∫1 (5𝑡 4 − 6𝑡 2 )𝑑𝑡 + (2𝑡 3 − 4𝑡)3𝑡 2 𝑑𝑡
2
= ∫1 (5𝑡 4 − 6𝑡 2 )𝑑𝑡 + (6𝑡 5 − 12𝑡 3 )𝑑𝑡
2
= ∫1 (5𝑡 4 − 6𝑡 2 + 6𝑡 5 − 12𝑡 3 )𝑑𝑡

Page 4 of 8
 2
𝑡5 𝑡3 𝑡6 𝑡4
= [5. −6 +6 − 12 4 ]
5 3 6 1

= [𝑡 5 − 2𝑡 3 + 𝑡 6 − 3𝑡 4 ]12
= {(2)5 − 2(2)3 + (2)6 − 3(2)4 } + {(1)5 − 2(1)3 + (1)6 − 3(1)4 }
= 32 − 16 + 64 − 48 − 1 + 2 − 1 + 3
= 35 Answer

Problem 05.(HW-02) If 𝑨 ̂, evaluate ∫. 𝑨

̅ = (𝟐𝒚 + 𝟑)𝒊̂ + 𝒙𝒛𝒋̂ + (𝒚𝒛 − 𝒙)𝒌 ̅ . 𝒅𝒓̅ along the
𝒄
following paths

a. 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒕𝟐 , 𝒚 = 𝒕 , 𝒛 = 𝒕𝟑 𝒇𝒓𝒐𝒎 𝒕 = 𝟎 𝒕𝒐 𝒕 = 𝟏
b. The straight lines from
(𝟎, 𝟎, 𝟎)𝒕𝒐 (𝟎, 𝟎, 𝟏) 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝒕𝒐 (𝟎, 𝟏, 𝟏) 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝒕𝒐 (𝟐, 𝟏, 𝟏)
c. The straight line joining (𝟎, 𝟎, 𝟎)𝒕𝒐 (𝟐, 𝟏, 𝟏)

𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:
.
̅ 𝑑𝑟̅ = ∫. [(2𝑦 + 3)𝑖̂ + 𝑥𝑧𝑗̂ + (𝑦𝑧 − 𝑥)𝑘̂] . [𝑑𝑥𝑖̂ + 𝑑𝑦𝑗̂ + 𝑑𝑦𝑘̂]
We have, ∫𝑐 𝐴. 𝑐 .

= ∫(2𝑦 + 3) 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑧𝑑𝑦 + (𝑦𝑧 − 𝑧)𝑑𝑧

𝑐

(a) If 𝑥 = 2𝑡 2 , 𝑦 = 𝑡 2 , 𝑧 = 𝑡 3 Corresponded to 𝑡 = 0 𝑡𝑜 𝑡 = 1 respectively ,

.
̅ 𝑑𝑟̅ = ∫1(2𝑡 + 3)𝑑(2𝑡 2 ) + 2𝑡 2 . 𝑡 3 𝑑𝑡 + (𝑡. 𝑡 3 − 2𝑡 2 )𝑑𝑡 3
∫𝑐 𝐴. 0
1
= ∫0 (2𝑡 + 3) 2.2𝑡𝑑𝑡 + 2𝑡 5 𝑑𝑡 + (𝑡 4 − 2𝑡 2 )3𝑡 2 𝑑𝑡
1
= ∫0 (8𝑡 2 + 12𝑡) 𝑑𝑡 + 2𝑡 5 𝑑𝑡 + 3𝑡 6 − 6𝑡 4 𝑑𝑡
1
= ∫0 (8𝑡 2 + 12𝑡 + 2𝑡 5 + 3𝑡 6 − 6𝑡 4 )𝑑𝑡
1
𝑡3 𝑡2 𝑡6 𝑡7 𝑡5
= [8. + 12. + 2. +3 − 6. 5 ]
3 2 6 7 0
1
𝑡3 𝑡6 𝑡7 𝑡5
= [8. + 6𝑡 2 + +3 − 6. 5 ]
3 3 7 0
(1)3 (1)6 (1)7 (1)5
= 8. + 6(1)2 + +3 − 6.
3 3 7 5
8 1 3 6
= +6+ + −
3 3 7 5
280+630+35+45−126
=
105

Page 5 of 8
 864
=
105

288
= Answer
35

b) Along the straight line from (0,0,0)𝑡𝑜 (0,0,1) 𝑥 = 0, 𝑦 = 0, 𝑑𝑥 = 0, 𝑑𝑦 = 0 while 𝑧 varies

from 0 to 1, Then the integral over this proof of the path is,
.
∫𝑧=0{(2.0 + 3). 0 + (0). 𝑧. 0 + (0). 𝑧 − 0}𝑑𝑧 = 0

Again, along the straight line from (0,0,1)𝑡𝑜 (0,1,1) 𝑥 = 0, 𝑧 = 1, 𝑑𝑥 = 0, 𝑑𝑧 = 0 while 𝑦

varies from 0 to 1, Then the integral over this proof of the path is,
1

∫{(2𝑦 + 3). 0 + (0). 1. 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦. 1 − 0}0 = 0

0

Again along the straight line from (0,1,1)𝑡𝑜 (2,1,1) 𝑦 = 1, 𝑧 = 1, 𝑑𝑦 = 0, 𝑑𝑧 = 0 while 𝑥

varies from 0 to 2, Then the integral over this proof of the path is,
2

∫{(2.1 + 3)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥. 1.0 + 1.1 − 𝑥}𝑑𝑥

0

2
= ∫0 5𝑑𝑥

= [5𝑥]20
= 10 − 0 = 10
.
Now, adding there, then∫𝑐 𝐴̅. 𝑑𝑟̅ = 0 + 0 + 10
= 10 Answer

(b) The straight line joining (0,0,0)𝑡𝑜(2,1,1) 𝑖̂𝑠 𝑔𝑖̂𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑖̂𝑐 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑏𝑦 𝑥 =
2𝑡, 𝑦 = 𝑡, 𝑧 = 𝑡.
Then,
. 1
∫𝑐 𝐴̅𝑑𝑟̅ = ∫0 (2𝑡 + 3)𝑑(2𝑡) + 2𝑡. 𝑡𝑑𝑡 + (𝑡. 𝑡 − 2𝑡)𝑑𝑡
1
= ∫0 (2𝑡 + 3)2𝑑𝑡 + 2𝑡 2 𝑑𝑡 + (𝑡 2 − 2𝑡)𝑑𝑡
1
= ∫0 4𝑡 + 6𝑑𝑡 + 2𝑡 2 𝑑𝑡 + (𝑡 2 − 2𝑡)𝑑𝑡

1
= ∫0 (4𝑡 + 6 + 2𝑡 2 + 𝑡 2 − 2𝑡)𝑑𝑡
1
= ∫0 (3𝑡 2 + 2𝑡 + 6)𝑑𝑡

Page 6 of 8
 1
𝑡3 𝑡2
= [3. + 2. + 6𝑡]
3 2 0

= [𝑡 3 + 𝑡 2 + 6𝑡]10
=1+1+6 =8 Answer
⃗⃗
𝑑𝑣
Problem 06. The acceleration of a particle at any time 𝑡 ≥ 0 is given by 𝑎⃗ = 𝑑𝑡 =
12 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑡𝑖̂ − 8 𝑠𝑖̂𝑛2𝑡 𝑗̂ + 16 𝑡𝑘̂ . If the velocity 𝒗
⃗⃗ and displacement 𝒓
⃗⃗ are zero at 𝑡 = 0, find 𝑣⃗
and 𝑟⃗ at any time.
Solution:
⃗⃗
𝑑𝑣
Given that 𝑎⃗ = = 12 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑡𝑖̂ − 8 𝑠𝑖̂𝑛2𝑡 𝑗̂ + 16 𝑡𝑘̂ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ (1)
𝑑𝑡

Integrating equation(1), we get

𝑣⃗ = 𝑖̂ ∫ 12 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑡 𝑑𝑡 + 𝑗̂ ∫ −8 𝑠𝑖̂𝑛2𝑡 𝑑𝑡 + 𝑘̂ ∫ 16 𝑡 𝑑𝑡 ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ (2)
sin 2𝑡 cos 2𝑡 𝑡2
⇒ 𝑣⃗ = 𝑖̂ 12 + 𝑗̂ 8 + 𝑘̂ 16 + 𝑐1
2 2 2
⇒ 𝑣⃗ = 𝑖̂ 6 𝑠𝑖̂𝑛2𝑡 + 𝑗̂ 4 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑡 + 𝑘̂ 8𝑡 2 + 𝑐1 ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ (3)
Putting 𝑣⃗ = 0 when 𝑡 = 0, we get
0 = 𝑖̂ .0 + 𝑗̂ 4 .1 + 𝑘̂ .0 + 𝑐1
⇒ 𝑐1 = −4𝑗̂
Putting the value of 𝑐1 in equation(3), we get
⇒ 𝑣⃗ = 𝑖̂ 6 𝑠𝑖̂𝑛2𝑡 + 𝑗̂ 4 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑡 + 𝑘̂ 8𝑡 2 − 4𝑗̂
⇒ 𝑣⃗ = 𝑖̂ 6 𝑠𝑖̂𝑛2𝑡 + 𝑗̂ (4 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑡 − 4) + 𝑘̂ 8𝑡 2
𝑑𝑟⃗
⇒ = 𝑖̂ 6 𝑠𝑖̂𝑛2𝑡 + 𝑗̂ (4 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑡 − 4) + 𝑘̂ 8𝑡 2 ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ (4)
𝑑𝑡
Again integrating equation(4), we get

𝑟⃗ = 𝑖̂ ∫ 6 𝑠𝑖̂𝑛2𝑡 𝑑𝑡 + 𝑗̂ ∫(4 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑡 − 4) 𝑑𝑡 + 𝑘̂ ∫ 8 𝑡 2 𝑑𝑡

cos 2𝑡 4 sin 2𝑡 𝑡3
⇒ 𝑟⃗ = −𝑖̂ 6 + 𝑗̂ ( − 4𝑡) + 𝑘̂ 8 + 𝑐2
2 2 3
𝑡3
⇒ 𝑟⃗ = −𝑖̂ 3 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑡 + 𝑗̂ (2 𝑠𝑖̂𝑛2𝑡 − 4𝑡) + 𝑘̂ 8 + 𝑐2⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯(5)
3
Putting 𝑟⃗ = 0 when 𝑡 = 0, we get
0 = −𝑖̂ .3 + 𝑗̂ .0 + 𝑘̂ .0 + 𝑐2

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⇒ 𝑐2 = 3𝑖̂

Putting the value of 𝑐2 in equation(5), we get

𝑡3
⇒ 𝑟⃗ = −𝑖̂ 3 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑡 + 𝑗̂ (2 𝑠𝑖̂𝑛2𝑡 − 4𝑡) + 𝑘̂ 8 + 3𝑖̂
3
𝑡3
⇒ 𝑟⃗ = 𝑖̂ (3 − 3 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑡) + 𝑗̂ (2 𝑠𝑖̂𝑛2𝑡 − 4𝑡) + 𝑘̂ 8
3

Problem 07. If 𝐴⃗ = (𝑦 − 2𝑥)𝑖̂ + (3𝑥 + 2𝑦)𝑗̂, compute the circulation of 𝐴⃗ about a circle 𝐶
in the 𝑥𝑦 − plane with center at the origin and radius 2, if 𝐶 traversed in the positive direction.

⃗⃗
𝑑𝑣
Problem 08. The acceleration of a particle at any time 𝑡 ≥ 0 is given by 𝑎⃗ = 𝑑𝑡 = 𝑒 −𝑡 𝑖̂ −
6(𝑡 + 1)𝑗̂ + 3𝑠𝑖̂𝑛𝑡 𝑘̂ . If the velocity 𝑣⃗ and displacement 𝑟⃗ are zero at 𝑡 = 0, find 𝑣⃗ and 𝑟⃗ at
any time.
Problem 09. Find the total work done in moving a particle in a force field given by 𝐹⃗ =
3𝑥𝑦𝑖̂ − 5𝑧𝑗̂ + 10𝑥𝑘̂ along the curve 𝑥 = 𝑡 2 + 1, 𝑦 = 2𝑡 2 , 𝑧 = 𝑡 3 from 𝑡 = 1to 𝑡 = 2.

Problem 10. If 𝜙 = 2𝑥𝑦𝑧 2 , 𝐹⃗ = 𝑥𝑦𝑖̂ − 𝑧𝑗̂ + 𝑧 2 𝑘̂ and 𝐶 is the curve 𝑥 = 𝑡 2 , 𝑦 = 2𝑡 and

𝑧 = 𝑡 3 from 𝑡 = 0 to 𝑡 = 1, evaluate the line integrals (𝑖̂) ∫𝐶 𝜙 𝑑𝑟⃗, (𝑖̂𝑖̂) ∫𝐶 𝐹⃗ × 𝑑𝑟⃗.

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