MCE Cambridge IGCSETM Physics Full Solutions to Questions in Theory Workbook Chapter 18

Chapter 18 Electromagnetic Effects

Cambridge Assessment International Education bears no responsibility for the example answers to
questions taken from its past question papers which are contained in this publication. In examinations,
the way marks are awarded may be different.

Exercise 18A

1.
D G S V Q I N D U C T I O N B
X D P Z S O L E N O I D Q L J
E M F A Z O E H I H H E K U L
F H F F A X A D A Y S R T B Y
T G A L V A N O M E T E R D N
X Z Q Q U D E F L E C T E D Z
L C P G U X O P F W M S M T S
F I N D U C E D T Q D Q M K A
E L E C T R O M A G N E T I C
Z D Q T G V N R R K Z C O H P

(a) electromagnetic induction

(b) induced
(c) e.m.f.; galvanometer; galvanometer; deflected
(d) electromagnetic induction; induced e.m.f.; flux
(e) induced e.m.f.

2. (a) moving across

(b) an e.m.f.; induced
(c) to the left
(d) zero

3. (a)

Larger deflection to the right

(b)

No deflection
(c)

Same amount of deflection as Figure 18.2 but to the left

(d)

Same amount of deflection as Figure 18.2 to the right

(e)

No deflection

© 2021 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

18.1
MCE Cambridge IGCSETM Physics Full Solutions to Questions in Theory Workbook Chapter 18

(f)

Same amount of deflection as Figure 18.2 but to the left

(g)

No deflection
(h)

Same amount of deflection as Figure 18.2 to the right

4. number of turns in the solenoid; speed of the magnet; strength of the magnet

5. (a) induced; opposes

(b) repels; N

Exercise 18B
1. Thumb = force
Forefinger = magnetic field
Second finger = induced current

2. (a)

(b) B
(c)(i) downwards
(ii) upwards
(iii) anticlockwise
(d)(i) 2
(ii)

Sine curve with maximum = +1 V at 0.25 s, 0 at 0.5 s, minimum = -1 at 0.75 s and 0 at 1 s

Exercise 18C
1. (a) Concentric circles centred on point where conductor goes through card. Arrowheads
showing anticlockwise direction.
(b) Concentric circles centred on point where conductor goes through card. Arrowheads
showing clockwise direction.

© 2021 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

18.2
MCE Cambridge IGCSETM Physics Full Solutions to Questions in Theory Workbook Chapter 18

2. (a) N at the left end of the solenoid

S at the right end of the solenoid

(b)

Field pattern - straight lines inside coil arrowheads pointing to the left inside the coil and
pointing to the right outside the coil.
(c) X can be anywhere inside the coil
(d) C

3. C

4. (a) coil
(b) an electromagnet
(c) attracts; iron
(d) closing; motor
(e) low; high

5. (a) scund waves

(b) Coil
(c) magnetic field
(d) magnetic field
(e) left and right
(f) left and right
(g) air; sound waves
(h) radios; televisions

Exercise 18D
1. Thumb = force
Forefinger = magnetic field
Second finger = current

2. (a) C
Using Fleming left hand rule, the force induced is downwards.
(b)(i) increases
(ii) decreases
(iii) reverses direction
(iv) reverses direction

3. (a) D
Using Fleming left hand rule, the force induced is towards the top of the page.
(b) The alpha particles will move towards the bottom of the page.

Exercise 18E
1. (a) right; left
(b) opposite
(c) force; reversed
(d) opposite; turning effect

© 2021 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

18.3
MCE Cambridge IGCSETM Physics Full Solutions to Questions in Theory Workbook Chapter 18

2. (a) decreases
(b) increases
(c) increases

3. (a) arrow F upwards on the left of the coil

(b) arrow F downwards on the right of the coil
(c) clockwise
(d)

Clockwise arrow drawn around the axle.

4. D

5.

connects the coil to the

axle
power supply

holds the coil in position

brush
and allows it to turn

reverses the current every

split-ring commutator
half revolution of the coil

Exercise 18F
1.
1 2 3
s l p
4 5 6
t r a n s f o r m e r
e m t i f
p i e m f
u n p a i
p a d r c
t o y i
e w e
d n n
c
7
s e c o n d a r y

© 2021 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

18.4
MCE Cambridge IGCSETM Physics Full Solutions to Questions in Theory Workbook Chapter 18

!! "!
2. =
!" ""

3. (a) B

!! "!
!"
= ""

#$% $%%
= = 0.2
!" #%%%

#$%
Vs = %.#
= 1200 V

(b)(i) a.c.
(ii) a.c.
(iii) step-up
(iv) soft iron; laminated

4. 1. 3. 5. 4. 2.

5. 𝐼' 𝑉' = 𝐼( 𝑉(

6. 0.5 × 12 = 𝐼( × 5
𝐼( = 1.2 A

7. #$% × +#
Efficiency of transformer = +#%% × #., × 100% = 96%

8. (a) step-up
(b) an a.c.
(c) step-down

9 B

-
10 (a) I=!
+%%% %%% .
= ## %%% / = 45 A
(b) Power loss = I2R = (45)2 × 2.5 = 5100 W OR 5.1 kW
-
(c) I=!
+%%% %%% .
= #$% / = 4167 A
Power loss = I2R = (4167)2 × 2.5 = 4.3 × 107 W or 43 MW

Exercise 18G
1. (a) No deflection. [1]
(b) The deflection is in the opposite direction. [1]
(c) Any two of the following:
• Increase strength of magnet [1]
• Use coil with more turns [1]
• Move the magnet faster [1]

2. (a)(i) Arrow X anticlockwise around the circuit [1]

(ii) Arrow Y from N to S [1]
(iii) Arrow Z from aluminium foil pointing downwards [1]

© 2021 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

18.5
MCE Cambridge IGCSETM Physics Full Solutions to Questions in Theory Workbook Chapter 18

(b) On diagram or stated:

Permanent magnet with one pole inside coil and another pole outside coil, with the coil
attached to the cone of the loudspeaker. [1]

Any three of the following:

• Signal / a.c. through coil [1]
• Changing magnetic field around coil [1]
• Interacts with magnetic field of permanent magnet (Allow Left hand rule explanation) [1]
• Coil moves oscillating air / creating sound waves [1]

3 (a) %! &!
%"
= &"
[1]

'(( × *+
𝑁# = [1] = 160 [1]
,(
(b) Output power = 98 % input power [1]

- . × *((
Input power = [1] = 9.2 W [1]
-'

(c) P = IV [1]
/ -.+
I= = [1] = 0.15 A [1]
% ,(

4. (a)(i) current (OR flow of charge) in one direction [1]

(ii) soft iron [1]
Soft iron is a temporary magnet.[1]
(b) Any three of the following:
• current in coil so coil becomes an electromagnet [1]
• (electromagnet) attracts armature [1]
• closes contacts [1]
• completing circuit [1]
(c) High current in circuit 2, so a thicker wire is needed to prevent overheating of wires. [1]

5. (a) step-down [1]

(b) soft iron [1]
Soft iron is a temporary magnet. [1]
(c)(i) %! &!
= or ratio used [1]
%" &"

240 5000
=
𝑉!" 125

+1( × *+2 (.2 × +1( × +2(

𝑉-0 = OR 𝑉-0 = [1]
2((( 2(((

𝑉-0 = 6 V [1]

(ii) 𝑉-1 = 2 × 𝑉-0 OR 𝑉-1 = 12 V (allow error carries forward from (c)(i) [1]
This is because there is twice as many turns between PR as between PQ. [1]

6. (a)(i) Mention of the term magnetic field [1]

Movement in a magnetic field OR changing magnetic field [1]
E.m.f induced OR voltage induced OR electromagnetic induction [1]

© 2021 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

18.6
MCE Cambridge IGCSETM Physics Full Solutions to Questions in Theory Workbook Chapter 18

(ii) When the coil is horizontal, the output voltage is at a maximum value. [1]
This is because the rate at which the magnetic field cutting coil is the fastest OR coil cutting
magnetic field is the fastest. [1]

(b) When the lamp is connected, there is current in the coil. [1]
Current in magnetic field experiences a force, [1] and the force opposes change producing it. [1]
OR
Energy is transferred to the lamp, [1] hence more work /energy required [1] and a greater force
is required to do more work. [1]

7. (a)(i) There is a force induced on AB and on CD, and the forces are in opposite directions, [1] causing a
turning effect.
(ii)
Turning effect Number of Current Strength of magnetic
turns on coil increased to 9 field decreased by a
increased to A factor of 2
six
Decreased by
factor of 4
Decreased by
factor of 3
Decreased by ü [1]
factor of 2
No change
Increased by
factor of 2
Increased by ü [1] ü [1]
factor of 3
Increased by
factor of 4

© 2021 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd

18.7