FATHER AGNEL SCHOOL, NOIDA

Subject- Science (Chemistry)

Topic-CH-4 CARBON AND ITS COMPOUNDS/Class X/ 2024-25
Name: ___________________________________Class & Sec:______ Roll No.________

Part -1 HYDROCARBONS

1. Two compounds „A‟ and „B‟ are isomers. Which of the following statements,
regarding A and B, is true?
i. Both will have same IUPAC name
ii. Both will have same structure
iii. Both are hydrocarbons
iv. Both have same molecular formula
a. (i) , (iii) and (iv)
b. (iii) and (iv)
c. (iv)
d. (iii)

2. Which of the following compounds is/are an unsaturated hydrocarbon?

i. Propane
ii. Benzene
iii. Acetylene
a. (ii) and (iii)
b. (i) and (ii)
c. (iii)
d. (i), (ii) and (iii)

6. Which of the following bonds is very strong and hence very stable?
a. Carbon-Carbon bond
b. Carbon–Iodine bond
c. Carbon-Silicon bond
d. Carbon–Sulphur bond

3. Which of the following statements is not true regarding alkenes?

a. Alkenes are hydrocarbons.
b. They are unsaturated compounds.
c. They can consist of more than one double bond.
d. The number of hydrogen atoms is always double the number of carbon atoms.

4.Which of the following is the molecular formula of cyclobutane?

 a. C4H10
b. C4H6
c. C4H8
d. C4H4

5. Homologous series is a series of compounds in which

a. The same functional group substitutes for hydrogen in a carbon chain.
b. Formulae of successive compounds differ by a –CH2 – unit.
c. Representation is possible by any formula.
d. Is collection of compounds with different functional groups.

6. The I.U.P.A.C name of CH3CH2CH=CH2 is?

a. Butene
b. Prop-1-ene
c. But-1-ene
d. Butyne

14. Distinguish between an alkane and an alkene based on flame test.

15. Name a cyclic unsaturated carbon compound.
16. Give the name and chemical formula of fourth member of alkene series
17. Apart from organic beings, where else do we find carbon? Mention the form in
which it is available there and its percentage?

PART-2 FUNCTIONAL GROUPS (CARBON AND HETERO ATOMS)

1.Why carbon forms covalent compounds?
2.Which unique property of carbon is responsible for the formation of large number of
covalent compounds?
3.Identify the functional group present in the following compounds:
(i) CH3CH2CH2OH
(ii) HCHO
(iii) CH3COCH2CH3
(iv) C3H7COOH
4.Give the IUPAC name of the following compounds:
a. CH3CH2CH2OH
b. HCHO
c. CH3COCH2CH3
d. C3H7COOH
e. CH3COOH
f. HCOOH
g. CH3OH
h. CH3COOC2H5
5. Define isomers. Draw all the possible isomers of butane, pentane and hexane and give their
IUPAC name.
6. Write the IUPAC name, molecular formula and chemical formula of each of the following:
1). Lowest member of an aldehyde
2). Lowest member of a ketone
3). Lowest member of carboxylic acid
4). Lowest member of an alcohol
7. Distinguish between alkane, alkene and alkyne
8. Show the bond formation for the C2H4, C2H6 and C2H2
9. Specify any two rules of nomenclature of organic compounds with example.
10. List any two characteristics of a homologous series.

PART-3 (HYDROCARBONS REACTIONS / SOME COMMERCIALLY

IMPORTANT CARBON COMPOUNDS / SOAPS AND DETERGENTS)
1. An organic compound X with a molecular formula C2H6O undergoes oxidation with
in presence of alkaline KMnO4 to form a compound Y. X on heating in presence of
Conc. H2SO4 at 443K gives Z. Which on reaction with H2Oin presence of H2SO4
gives back `X` `Z` reacts with Br2 (aq) and decolorizes it. Identify X, Y, & Z and
write the reactions involved.
2. An organic compound „A‟ is widely used as a preservative in pickles and has a
molecular formula C2H2O2. This compound reacts with ethanol to form a sweet-
smelling compound „B.‟
(i) Identify the compound „A‟
(ii) Write the chemical equation for its reaction with ethanol to form compound
„B.‟
(iii) How can we get compound „A‟ back from „B‟?
(iv) Name the process and write corresponding chemical equation.
(v) Which gas is produced when compound „A‟ reacts with washing soda?
Write the chemical equation.
3. Hydrocarbon `X` and `Y` having molecular formulae C3H8 and C3H6 respectively.
Both are burnt in different spatula on the Bunsen flame. Indicate the color of the
flame produced by `X` and `Y`. Identify `X` and `Y`. Write the structural formulae.
4. A compound `X` has molecular formula C4H10. It undergoes substitution reaction
readily than addition reaction. It burns with blue flame and is present in LPG. Identify
 `X` and give the balanced equation for its combustion and substitution reaction with
Cl2 in presence of sunlight.
5. `A` compound works well with hard water. It is used for making shampoos &
products for cleaning clothes. A is not 100% biodegradable and causes water
pollution. `B` does not work well with hard water. It is 100% biodegradable and does
not create water pollution. Identify A & B.
6. An organic compound P with molecular formula C2H6Ois an active ingredient of all
alcoholic drinks. It is also used in medicines such as tincture iodine, cough syrups.
Identify `P`. Drop a small piece of sodium into the test tube containing `P`.A new
compound `Q` is formed with the evaluation of colorless and odorless gas Name the
gas evolved and compound `Q` write the chemical reaction.
7. A cyclic compound `X` has molecular formula C6H6. It is unsaturated and burns with
sooty flame. Identify `X` and write its structural formula. Will it decolorize bromine
water or not and why?
8. An organic compound `A` is a constituent of antifreeze and has the molecular formula
C2H6O upon reaction with alkaline KMnO4, the compound `A` is oxidized to another
`B` with formula C2H6O2. Identify the compound A` and `B`. Write the chemical
equation for the reaction which leads to the formulation of `B`
9. Two compounds `X` and `Y` have the same formula C2H4O2. One of them reacts with
sodium metal to liberate H2 and CO2 with NaHCO3. Second one does not react with
Na metal and NaHCO3 but undergo hydrolysis with NaOH to form salt of carboxylic
acid and compound `Z` which is called wood spirit. Identify `X`, `Y`, and `Z` and
write chemical equation for the reaction involved.
10. A compound `X` with molecular formula C2H4 burns with a sooty flame. It
decolourises bromine water. Identify `X`. Will it dissolve in water or not? Will it
conduct electricity in aq. Solution? Will it have high melting point or low melting
point?
11. Name the gas which is formed by decomposition of plants and animal matter in
marshy areas?
12. Mention the name of the byproduct of soap industry.
13. How would you bring about the following conversions? Name the process and write
the reaction involved.
(i) Ethanol to ethene
(ii) Propanol to propanoic acid
14. What happens when:
(i) ethanol is heated with concentrated sulphuric acid at 443 K.
(ii) ethanol is treated with alkaline potassium permanganate
15. Explain the following terms with an equation.
(i) Esterification
(ii) Saponification
16. A compound „A‟ has molecular formula C3H8O and reacts with Na metal to evolve H2
gas. Identify the compound and write all possible isomers of the compound.
17. Bring about the following conversions:
(i) Ethene to ethane
(ii) Ethyne to ethane
(iii) Ethanol to ethene
(iv) Methane to chloromethane

18. What happens when propanoic acid is warmed with methanol in the presence of a few
drops of concentrated sulphuric acid? Write the equation of the reaction involved?
19. Explain with the help of diagram the structure of soap molecule.

20. What is the cleansing action of soap? List the limitations of soap?
21. Complete the following reactions:-
1) CH3COOH + NaHCO3 conc.H2SO4→
2) HCOOH + CH3OH→
3) CH3COOC2H5 + H2O→
22. Name the compound CH3COOC2H5.Name the acid and alcohol from which it is
made, write equation.

23. Read the assertion and reason carefully and mark the correct option:
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true
i) A: Ethanoic acid is also known as glacial acetic acid
R: Esterification is a process in which a sweet-smelling substance is formed
ii) A: Following are the members of a homologous series-CH3OH, CH3CH2OH,
CH3CH2CH2OH
R: A series of compounds with same functional group but differing by -CH2- unit
is called a homologous series.
24. Complete the following reactions and name the main product found in each case:
a) CH3COOH + NaOH →
b) C2H5OH + O2 →
25. What is the difference between the molecules of soap and detergents, chemically?
Explain the cleansing action of soaps.
26. Write the chemical equation for the reaction of ethanoic acid with – a) Sodium b)
Sodium hydroxide c) Ethanol

MIXED BAG (COMPLETE CHAPTER)- LET’S DO IT

Children, good practice is a key for success. Now is the time when we need to
analyse our learnings. With all the faith in yourself, and after revising syllabus and
enough practice of questions, let us give it a try. All questions are compulsory.
Best wishes…

(i) Answer the following:

a) Unsaturated hydrocarbons show addition reaction. why?
b) Alcohol supplied for industrial purpose is mixed with copper sulphate. Why?
c) Do the following conversions:
1. Ethene from ethanol
2. Propanoic acid from propanol
3. ethane from ethene
d) Identify the functional group and give IUPAC name:
CH3COCH3
HCOOH
CH3CH2OH
 HCHO
e) “A compound X on combustion gives a yellow flame with lots of smoke.” What
inference would you draw from this statement?
(ii) Draw the electron dot structure of ethyne and draw its structural formula.
(iii) Write the names of the following compounds.

(iv) Identify and name the functional groups present in the following
compounds.
(v) A compound X is formed by the reaction of a carboxylic
acid C2H4O2 and an alcohol in presence of a few drops of H2SO4. The
alcohol on oxidation with alkaline KMnO4 followed by acidification gives
the same carboxylic acid as used in this reaction. Give the names and
structures of (a) carboxylic acid, (b) alcohol and (c) the compound X. Also
write the reactions involved.
(vi) Catenation is the ability of an atom to form bonds with other atoms of the
same element. It is exhibited by both carbon and silicon. Compare the
ability of catenation of the two elements. Give reasons.
(vii) Match the reactions given in Column (A) with the names given in Column
(B).

(viii) What is the role of metal or reagents written on arrows in the given
chemical reactions?

(ix) A compound „C‟ (molecular formula, C2H4O2) reacts with Na-metal to

form a compound „R‟ and evolves a gas which burns with a pop sound.
Compound „C‟ on treatment with an alcohol „A‟ in presence of an acid
forms a sweet-smelling compound „S‟ (molecular formulaC3H6O2). On
addition of NaOH to „C‟, it also gives „R‟ and water. „S‟ on treatment with
NaOH solution gives back „R‟ and „A‟.Identify „C‟, „R‟, „A‟, „S‟ and write
down the reactions involved.