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23 views5 pages

Chinese Assignment 1

Uploaded by

Laiba Tahir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Foreign Language (Chinese)

BSCS 8-A
Department of Computer Science
Bahria University, Lahore Campus

Assignment: [1]
Date: Week 5, 24 Oct 2024
Name: Laiba Tahir
Roll No: 03-134212-042
Evaluation of CLO Question Marks Obtained
Number Marks

CLO1: Demonstrate Understanding of Chinese Tones, 1 10


Phonetics and Pronouns

Total Marks 10

Q1: Write a detailed note on Chinese Language Tones. Also write about special and exceptional cases.
(Word Document)

Definition:

“Phonetic signs of Chinese words are called Tones”

Types:

There are 4 different types of tones in Chinese language


1. _ (unchanged)
2. / (rising)
3. V (fall & rise)
4. \ (falling)
5. (Fifth tone is neutral)

Tones are very important in chinese language as a they decide the meaning of the whole word.

Mā Má Mă Mà Ma
(mother) (fiber) (horse) (curse) (question)

Above example highlights the importance of putting the tones on chinses words accurately.

Rules for putting tones on chinses words:

1. One word one tone.


2. Tones on vowel letters.
3. If there are more than one vowel in a single word, we put tone on the vowel which
comes first the alphabetical order.
4. If the same word occurs twice, we put tone the first vowel.
5. When we put tone on vowel like (i) then we only put the tone over (i) not the dot like
this (ī).

Tonal Graph:
Characteristics:

First Tone

 High and steady pitch throughout


 Sounds flat and level
 Typically associated with calm or neutral emotions
 Constant
 G.V is 55
 Represented with a horizontal line (e.g., mā)

Second Tone

 Starts at a medium-low pitch and rises to a high pitch


 G.v is 35
 Tail starts at 3,head at 5
 Upper half rising tone
 Slow rising tone
 Represented with a rising diagonal line (e.g., má)

Third Tone

 G.V is 214
 Two parts (falling,rising)
 Falling 2 till 1
 Rising 1 till 4
 Represented with a "v" shape (e.g., mǎ)

Fourth Tone

 Starts at a high pitch and falls sharply to a low pitch


 G.V is 51
 Sudden fall
 Top to bottom
 Left upward tail
 Head rightside downward
 Represented with a downward diagonal line (e.g., mà).

Exceptional Case:
(In case of io & iu we put tone on o & u because they have dominant sound in pronunciation)

Rules of Bù:

 When "bù" is followed by a syllable with the fourth tone, "bù" changes to the second
tone (bú)

Example: bú shì -> bú shì

 When "bù" is followed by a syllable with the first, second, or third tones, "bù" remains
in the fourth tone.

Example: bù hǎo

 In some fixed expressions or casual speech, "bù" can lose its emphasis and take on a
neutral tone

Example: hǎo bu hǎo

 When "bù" is used in an apologetic tone (e.g., expressions like "I’m sorry"), it often
takes a neutral tone to soften the phrase

Example: duì bu qǐ

 When "bù" is part of a resultative compound (verbs expressing an outcome), it can


become neutral

Example: chī bu xià

Rules of Yī:

 When "yī" is followed by a syllable with the fourth tone, "yī" changes to the second tone (yí) "

Example: yī yàng -> yí yàng

 When "yī" is followed by a syllable with the first, second, or third tone, "yī" changes to the
fourth tone (yì).
Example: yì qǐ

 In some fixed expressions or casual speech, " yī" can lose its emphasis and take on a
neutral tone

Example: kàn yi kàn

 When " yī " is used in counting related topics then it remains same

Example: yī yuè

Third Tone Rules:

 2 consecutive third tones, then the first third tone is changed into 2nd tone (only spoken)

nǐ hǎo → ní hǎo

 3 consecutive third tones, then the first two third tone is changed into 2nd tone

wǒ hěn hǎo

 4 or more consecutive third tones, then the first and last third tone remain unchanged and
rest of the words are changed to 2nd tone

wǒ yě hěn hǎo

 No 3rd tone after the first third tone then the 3rd tone will be cut in half

lǎoshī

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