3RD QUARTER PERIODICAL EXAM

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T3.1: The Fourth Commandment ➔ Even Jesus came to earth

“Honor your Father and Mother” through a family. He allowed
Himself to grow in wisdom and in
To whom does the 4th Commandment grace in the presence of His
refer and what does it require of us? parents, Mary and Joseph. This
➔ Refers in the first place to one’s shows how Jesus values the
physical parents. family.
➔ Also refers to the people whom
we owe our life, our well-being, The Holy Family as the Model Family
our security, and our faith. ➔ Mary remained faithful to her fiat
➔ What we owe in the first place to during the Annunciation. She did
our parents — namely love, not stop in her role in giving birth to
gratitude, and respect — should Jesus. She fulfilled her mission to
also govern our relations to Jesus as a mother unto the foot
people who guide us and are there of the Cross.
for us. ➔ Mary’s self-sacrificing love and
➔ There are many people who prayerfulness are traits that all
represent for us a God-given, mothers should follow.
natural, and good authority: foster
or step parents, older relatives, ➔ Joseph fulfilled his role as foster
teachers. In the spirit of the Fourth father to Jesus with all his heart.
Commandment, we should do He is a silent worker fulfilling his
them justice. essential role as father figure to
protect and secure Jesus.
What place does the family have in ➔ In his humility, Joseph showed to
God’s plan of Creation? Jesus the simple yet fulfilling life of
➔ A man and a woman who are a carpenter.
married to each other form,
together with their children, a ➔ Both Mary and Joseph knew that
family. Jesus will soon leave them to fulfill
➔ God wills that the love of the His mission of salvation. Yet this
spouses, if possible, should knowledge did not prevent them
produce children. from giving Him what He needed
➔ These children, who are entrusted when He was still with them.
to the protection and care of their ➔ In the story of the Finding of Jesus
parents, have the same dignity in the Temple, Jesus gives
as their parents. recognition to God as His Father
➔ God Himself, in the depths of the when He stayed behind in the
Trinity, is a communion. temple of Jerusalem.
➔ In the human sphere, the family is ➔ The story also states that Jesus
the primordial image of willingly went home with them and
communion was obedient to them. He showed
➔ The family is the unique school of respect to His foster Father Joseph
living in relationships. and His mother Mary.

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➔ The family is the basic cell of
“He went down with them and came to human society. The values and
Nazareth, and was obedient to them; and principles that are lived out in the
his mother kept all these things in her small circle of the family are what
heart.” make solidarity in the life of
➔ It is clear from this passage that larger society possible in the first
Jesus respects and loves His place.
parents and He is giving them the
right to take care of Him during His THE NATURE OF THE CHRISTIAN
formative years. FAMILY

How does a child respect his parents? ➔ The Church believes that every
➔ A child respects and honors his family is called to be an
parents by showing them love authentic Christian family. These
and gratitude. characteristics of an authentic
➔ This gratitude establishes a lifelong Christian family that the Church
relationship of love, respect, proposes are based on the
responsibility, and obedience, teachings of Jesus.
rightly understood.
1. A Covenant Relationship
How do parents respect their children? ➔ This covenant relationship is
➔ God entrusted children to parents anchored on the covenant of love
so that they might be steady, between God and His people, the
righteous examples for those Church. That is why love is an
children. essential element of marriage.
➔ That they might love and respect ➔ Love generates other necessary
them and do everything possible virtues of the family such as
so that their children can develop respect, concern, unity, and
physically and spiritually. service.
➔ Children are a gift from God and ➔ The love of the husband and wife
not a property of the parents. must be felt and experienced by
Before they are their parents’ the children.
children, they are God’s children. ➔ In the presence of conflict and
➔ The primary duty of parents is to misunderstanding within the family,
present to their children the good love helps to sustain respect
News and to communicate the and concern among the family
Christian faith to them members.

Why are families irreplaceable? 2. Domestic Church

➔ Every child is descended from one ➔ God willed that every Christian
father and one mother and longs family must be the domestic
for the warmth and safety of a Church, the very first Church of
family so that he may grow up an individual.
secure and happy. ➔ The Family must be the first
school of faith of the children.

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➔ Every family should produce
good and responsible citizens of
➔ Basic roles of the parents as first the society.
teachers of faith.
➔ More than teaching them what the Why should the State protect and
Catholic faith is, parents must promote families?
model this faith in their lives. ➔ The welfare and the future of the
states depend on the ability of
How should the family live its faith the smallest unit within it, the
together? family, to live and develop.
➔ A Christian family must be a ➔ Every state has the duty to
miniature Church. support families with its
➔ All Christian family members are assistance and to ensure that its
invited to strengthen one another material needs are met.
in faith.
They should pray for and with “The good values we learn in the family
each other and collaborate in influence the way we relate with others in
works of charity. the community.”
➔ Parents stand in for their children
with their faith, have them THE CALL FOR A FAMILY RENEWAL
baptized, and serve as their ➔ Filipino families today can look up
models of faith to the Holy Family for inspiration
➔ The parents, too, will learn from in seeking family renewal.
their children’s faith and hear ➔ The prayerfulness and fidelity of
how God speaks through them. the Holy Family to their Jewish
traditions can inspire Filipino
Why is God more important than the families to remain faithful to their
Family? Christian faith and to do the duties
➔ Without a relationship a person that ensue from this faith.
cannot live. ➔ Like Mary and Joseph who put
➔ Man’s most important their complete trust in God even
relationship is the one he has if sometimes they do not
with God. understand completely His plan.
➔ Relationship with God has priority ➔ Filipino families can adopt the
overall human relationships, even same trusting and unquestioning
family relationships disposition.
➔ This will lead families to believe
3. Vital Cell of Society and to trustthat they are under
➔ God willed that from every family God’s loving protection.
basic values must be learned
and developed by every child.
➔ One cannot expect a generous
andconcerned community if the
families areselfish and indifferent
to the needs of theless fortunate.

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➔ The abortion of a human being,
T3.2: The Fifth Commandment from the moment of conception, is
“You Shall not Kill” forbidden
➔ Suicide, self-mutilation, and
Life is a gift that comes from God self-destructive behavior are
therefore it is sacred. forbidden.
● Since it is sacred, it must first be ➔ Euthanasia — killing the
respected. When we respect life, handicapped, the sick, and the
we also respect God, its giver. dying — is also forbidden.
● Second, life as a sacred gift
demands that the one to whom it is Abortion
given must love and value it. ➔ It is the intentional ejection or
● And third, life as a sacred gift killing of a fetus inside the
implies nurturance and womb of a woman.
productivity. We need to develop ➔ This moral position must be related
the talents that come with the life to the social and economic
given to us. situation that most often is at the
root of the problem.
Why is it not permissible to take own ➔ The equally urgent moral obligation
life or the lives of others? is to help indigent mothers, expand
➔ God alone is Lord over life and adoption services, and improve
death. healthcare agencies for needy
➔ An attack on life is sacrilege women children, and the like.
committed against God. Human life
is sacred; this means that it Why is abortion unacceptable at any
belongs to God. phase in the development of an
➔ Even our own life is only entrusted embryo?
to us. God himself has given us the ➔ God-given human life is God’s own
gift of life; only He may take it back property; it is sacred from the first
from us. moment of its existence and not
under the control of any human
Taking care of the life given by God being.
entails protecting it from any threat. ➔ Every child, from the moment of
The first and most effective step in conception, has a right to life.
overcoming the threats to life is to be ➔ From his earliest beginnings, an
knowledgeable of the nature and unborn human being is a separate
dynamics of the specific threats and person, and no one can infringe
violations to the sanctity of life upon his rights, not the state, not
the doctor, and not even the
What sorts of attacks on human life are mother.
forbidden by the Fifth Commandment?
➔ Murder and acting accomplices to "Before I formed you in the womb I knew
a murder are forbidden. you, and before you were born I
➔ Killing unarmed civilians during a consecrated you” Jeremiah 1:5
war is forbidden.

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How should we treat our body?
Substance Abuse ➔ The fifth commandment forbids
➔ This refers to the uncontrolled or also the use of violence against
overuse of substances such as one’s own body.
alcohol, cigarettes, and prohibited ➔ Self-destructive acts against one’s
drugs. own body are in most cases
➔ Substance abuse is morally wrong psychological reactions to
for the obvious reason that they experiences of abandonment and
damage health and well-being of lack of love; hence they call first
the users. and foremost for our sincere
➔ Long-term smoking and drinking and loving response.
damage the vital organs and
eventually may result in death. Capital Punishment
➔ The use of prohibited drugs ➔ The Church strongly believes that
results not only in the death of the every sinner deserves a second
user but also in crimes that chance and that while they are in
endanger the life and property of prison, they should be
other people. rehabilitated.
➔ By taking the criminal’s life, capital
Why is it a sin to take drugs? punishment destroys any
➔ Using drugs is a sin because it is chance for reform and moreover
an act of self-destruction and rejects any hope that God’sgrace
thus an offense against life that could effect such reform
God has given us out of love.
➔ Every form of a person’s Why is the Church opposed to capital
dependence on legal substances punishment?
(alcohol, cigarettes) and even ➔ The church is committed to
more so on illegal drugs is an opposing death penalty because it
exchange of freedom for slavery. is both cruel and unnecessary.
➔ It damages the health and life of ➔ Every legitimate state has in
the person concerned and also principle the right to punish crimes
does great harm to the people appropriately.
around him. ➔ To take the life of a criminal is an
extreme measure to which the
Suicide state should resort only “in cases
➔ Suicide, which is defined as of absolute necessity”.
putting one’s life to an end, ➔ This necessity arises when the
contradicts the moral principle of only way to protect human society
preserving life. is by killing the convicted criminal.
➔ Life is a gift from God and the
recipient is merely its stewards.
➔ The life entrusted to us by God is a
gift we are duty-bound to take care
of.

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obeys the commandment “love
Why is it permissible to tolerate the your neighbor.
killing of another human being in the ➔ Passive euthanasia means that,
case of legitimate defense? in view of the impending death of a
➔ Someone who is actually attacking patient, one withholds
the lives of others may and must extraordinary or expensive medical
be stopped, if necessary by killing procedures that are not
the attacker himself. proportionate to the expected
➔ Legitimate defense against outcome.
aggression is not only a right; for ➔ The patient himself must make the
someone who bears the decision to forego“extraordinary”
responsibility for the lives of others, measures or must have stated this
it can even become a duty. intention in an advance directive.
➔ Nevertheless, the legitimate ➔ If he is no longer capable of doing
defense must not employwrong, so, those who are legally entitled
inappropriately harsh methods. must represent the probable
wishes of the dying person.
Euthanasia ➔ Ordinary care of a dying person is
➔ Euthanasia or mercy killing is the never discontinued; this is
act of terminating the life of a commanded by love of neighbor
person, usually a terminally ill and mercy.
patient.
➔ God alone is the Master and Lord Life is precious at whatever stage it might
of life. Therefore, nobody has the be. Therefore, it should be protected from
authority to end the life of any the womb to the tomb.
individual, even if that person is if
gravely ill or dying All human life has its basic value and
dignity, therefore, because we are
Is it permissible to offer assistance in allcreated in God’s image and likeness.
dying? Added dignity and value are given by
➔ To bring about death directly is God’s Son becoming a man in Jesus
always against the fifth Christ, for His mission of salvation in
commandment. the service of life.
➔ In contrast, to stand by and assist
a dying person is humane and In His teachings, Jesus both perfected
even obligatory. and intensified the respect commanded
➔ The terms active euthanasia and for human life.
passive euthanasia often confuse ➔ He perfected it by linking it
the debate. What really matters is directly with the great love
whether the dying person is killed command.
or allowed to die ➔ “Love your enemies and pray for
➔ In the so-called active your persecutors” (Matthew 5:44)
euthanasia, someone by direct ➔ Love is the sure means to
action “helps” a person to die; eradicate hatred and negative
➔ in so-called passive euthanasia, thoughts against somebody
someone helps another person in especially our enemies.
the dying process and thereby

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➔ He intensified the commandment and air that help sustain the
by forbidding even anger. ecosystem.
➔ “Everyone who grows angry with ➔ It is our duty to speak against
his brother will be liable to those practices allowed by the
judgment” (Matthew 5:22) state that we know are threats to
➔ Thus, did Jesus go to the root of life.
the killing and reveal anger of the ➔ The reason why God endowed us
heart as the real menace with gifts more than He did His
other creatures is for us to be able
How does a Christian deal with Anger? to take care of them and of the life
➔ Anger is initially a natural He gave us.
emotion, a reaction to perceived
injustice. T3.3: The Sixth and Ninth
➔ If anger becomes hatred, Commandment
however, and someone has ill will
toward his neighbor, this normal The Sixth Commandment
feeling becomes a serious offense “You shall not commit adultery”
against charity.
➔ All uncontrolled anger, especially
➔ The Sixth Commandment seems
thoughts of revenge, is detrimental
simpleand direct. It forbids married
to peace and destroys
persons from entering into sexual
the“tranquility of order”.
union with someone other than
their spouse.
Since life comes from and is sustained by
➔ But for the ancient Israelites, this
God, it belongs to Him. Therefore, we are
Commandment had more social
stewards of life who must respect and
significance than sexual. Its aim
care for our own lives and the lives of
was toprotect the family.
others.
➔ The sin of adultery was a sin
Hence it is not simply a question of “not
against justice and was an offense
killing” but of protecting, promoting, and
against human society. This is
enhancing the quality of life.
because the stability of society
depends on stable marriages
As stewards, it is our duty to care for
and families.
our life and the lives of others
➔ It is our duty to develop our talents
The importance of marriage and family
so that we can use them not only
were based directly on the two Genesis
for our own development but also
creation narratives.
in serving others.
➔ “God created man male and
➔ We are also given the
female so that man would not be
responsibility to care for God’s
alone”(Gen. 2:18) and
other creations and to care for
➔ “To multiply and fill the earth”
nature.
(Gen.1:28)
➔ God’s gift of life to us will not
➔ the married couple forms the
prosper if we will not take care of
intimate partnership of life and
the life that surrounds us —those
love established by God the
of animals, plants, and even the
Creator.
small organisms in the sea, soil,

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Is there a priority of one sex over the
The Sixth Commandment enjoins married other?
couple to a free and responsible fidelity ➔ No. God endowed men and
to their conjugal union, which is lifelong. women with identical dignity as
persons.
The Sixth Commandment which focuses ➔ Both men and women are human
on marriage actually touches upon the beings created in God’s image and
very nature of human sexuality. children of God redeemed by
➔ Human sexuality is both for human Jesus Christ.
completeness and procreation ➔ It is just as unchristian as it is
but its focus is not simply on the inhumane to discriminate unjustly
sexual act. against someone because he is
➔ Rather, sexuality signifies an male or female.
essential dimension of the whole
person, by which he or she enters What about people who feel they are
into relationships with others. homosexual?
➔ The Church believes that, in the
What does it mean to say that man is a order of creation, man and woman
sexual being? are designed to need each
➔ God created man as male and other’s complementary traits
female. He created them for each and to enter into a mutual
other and for love. relationship so as to give life to
➔ He created them with erotic children.
desires and the ability to ➔ That is why homosexual practices
experience physical pleasure. He cannot be approved by the
created them to transmit life. Church.
➔ Being a man and woman is very ➔ Christians owe all persons respect
deeply imprinted on the individual and love, however, regardless of
human person. their sexual orientation, because
➔ Because God intended that they all people are respected and loved
should bethere for each other and by God.
complement one another in love,
He made man and woman How is sexuality related to love?
different. ➔ Sexuality must not be separated
➔ That is why man and woman from love; they must go together.
attract each other sexually and ➔ When sexuality is separated from
intellectually. love and is sought only for the
➔ When a husband and wife express sake of satisfaction, one destroys
their love for each other in bodily the meaning of the sexual union of
union, their love finds its deepest man and woman.
sensual expression. ➔ The sexual encounter requires the
➔ Just as God is creative in His love, framework of true, dependable
so too man can be creative in love love.
and give life to children

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➔ Only committed, enduring love ➔ It ensures that man and woman
inmarriage creates a space for can unite with one another and
sexuality that is experienced in a descendants can spring from them.
human way and brings lasting The Ninth Commandment is
happiness. meant to protect this union.
➔ The shelter of marriage and family
The Sixth Commandment which focuses must not be endangered
on marriage actually touches upon the through playing with fire, in other
very nature of human sexuality. words, through reckless
indulgence in erotic energy that
The Ninth Commandment protects crackles between man and
human sexuality by going to the interior woman.
root of disordersof the flesh: covetousness ➔ That is why it is a good rule to
of the heart. “keep your hands off married
men and women.
The Ninth Commandment
“You shall not covet your neighbor’s Chastity puts order into our sexual drives,
wife” much as telling the truth orders our
speech.
The Ninth Commandment goes to the ➔ This means that it channels our
interior root and sourceof disorders of the sexual energies toward a positive,
flesh: covetousness of the heart. affirmative service of love and the
➔ It prohibits covetousness or evil fostering of life.
desires of the heart; it upholds the ➔ It demands that we develop a
virtue of chastity or purity of certain self-control to meet the
heart. temptations and challenges
➔ It deals with our external acts but presented by community daily life.
precisely as expressing the inner ➔ Such self-control constitutes a
yearnings of the heart. good part of what it means to grow
up toward becoming mature,
Why does the Ninth Commandment responsible men and women.
prohibit sexual desires?
➔ The Ninth Commandment forbids, How can anyone live a chaste life? What
not desires per se, but rather can help?
disordered desires. ➔ Someone lives chastely when he is
➔ The “covetousness” against which free to be loving and is not a slave
Sacred Scripture warns is the rule to his drives and emotions.
of impulses overmind, the ➔ Anything, therefore, that helps one
dominion of urges over the whole to become a more mature, freer,
person, and the sinfulness that and more loving person and to
causes. form better relationships helps that
➔ The erotic attraction between person to love chastely also.
man and woman was created by ➔ One becomes free to be loving
God and is therefore good; it is through self-discipline which one
part of a person’s sexual nature must acquire, practice, and
and biological constitution. maintain at every stage of life.

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➔ It is helpful to obey God’s ➔ A chaste person can love with a
commandments in all situations, to sincere and undivided heart
avoid temptations, and any form of ➔ When we turn to God with a
double life or hypocrisy and to ask sincere intention, He transforms
God for protection against our hearts.
temptations. ➔ He gives us the strength to
correspond to His will and to reject
Does everybody have to be chaste, impure thoughts, fantasies, and
even married people? desires.
➔ Yes. Every Christian should be
loving and chaste, whether he is Purity of heart can be achieved through
young old, lives alone, or is the practice of the virtue and gift of
married. chastity, through purity of intention,
➔ Not everyone is called to marriage purity of vision, the discipline of
but everyone is called to love. feelings, and by prayer. It requires
modesty which is patience, decency, and
Since chastity or purity of heart is directed discretion.
toward love, it applies to ALL persons
according to their different states in life. Offenses against the Sixth and Ninth
● For the married Commandments
● For the single ● Fornication
● For the religious ● Masturbation
● Prostitution
➔ Chastity for the married consists ● Pornography
in fidelity to their marriage vows, ● Rape
and to their respect and ● Divorce
reverence for what is good and ● Homosexual acts
lovely in their marriage.
➔ For the married, chastity becomes What is meant by “Fornication”?
the strongest protection against not ➔ It originally meant pagan sexual
only adultery but also divorce. practice, for instance, temple
➔ The chastity of the single person prostitution.
is seen in both virginity chosen for ➔ Today, in English, it generally
the sake of the Kingdom of God refers to consensual sexual
and single blessedness. relations between an unmarried
➔ Such chastity rules out all sexual man and an unmarried woman.
intercourse which, by its definitive ➔ It harms the dignity of the person
nature, finds its proper meaning in and fails to recognize the true
the married state alone. meaning of human sexuality.

How does one achieve purity of heart? Why is the Church against premarital
➔ The purity of heart required for love sexual relations?
is achieved in the first place ➔ The Church would like to protect
through union with God in prayer. love. A person can give
➔ When God’s grace touches us, this someone else no greater gift
also produces a path to pure, than himself.
undivided human love.

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➔ “I love you” means for both “I want ➔ The Church does not demonize
only you, I want all that you are, masturbation she warns against
and I want to give myself to you trivializing it.
forever”. ➔ In fact, many people are in
➔ Because that is so, we cannot, danger of becoming isolated in
even with our bodies, really say “I their consumption of lewd photos,
love you” temporarily or on a trial films, and internet services instead
basis. of finding love ina personal
➔ Because love is so great, so relationship.
sacred, and so unique, the Church ➔ Masturbation can even become an
teaches young people the addiction.
obligation to wait until they are
married before they start to have Masturbation is an abuse of our sexual
sexual relations. powers because it lacks the sexuality’s
essential relationship which is ordered
How can you live as a young Christian towards self-giving love and the service
if you are living in a premarital of life.
relationship or have already had
premarital relations? Why is prostitution a form of
➔ God loves us at every moment, in fornication?
every“complicated” situation, even ➔ In prostitution, love becomes a
in a state of sin. commodity and the person is
➔ In a conversation with a priest or a degraded to an object of
reliable, experienced Christian, pleasure.
young people can look for a way to ➔ That is why prostitution is a serious
live out their love with increasing offense against human dignity and
integrity. a serious sin against charity.
➔ They will learn that every life is a ➔ Certainly, those who profit from
process and that, whatever has prostitution burden themselves
happened, they can make a new with greater guilt than the women,
beginning with God’s help. men, children, and young people
who sell their bodies, often under
Is masturbation an offense against duress or in situations of
love? dependence.
➔ It comes from the Latin prefix
“mas” = masculine, and “turbare” Why is the production and
= to move vehemently, to disturb. consumption of pornography a sin
➔ Masturbation means the against charity?
deliberate stimulation of the genital ➔ Someone who misuses love by
organs in order to derive sexual detaching human sexuality from
pleasure. the intimacy of a committed, loving
➔ It is an offense against love relationship between two spouses
because it makes the excitement and turns it into commercial goods
of sexual pleasure an end in itself sins seriously.
and uncouples it from the holistic
unfolding of love between a man
and a woman

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➔ Anyone who produces, buys, or married to someone else, have
consumes pornographic materials sexual relations.
violates human dignity and ➔ Adultery is the fundamental
seduces others to sin. betrayal of love, the violation of the
covenant that was made in God’s
Why is rape a serious sin? sight, and an injustice to one's
➔ Someone who rapes another neighbor.
person thoroughly and completely ➔ Jesus explicitly declared the
degrades that person. indissolubility of marriage: “What
➔ He violently breaks into the God has joined together, let no
deepest intimacy of another and man put asunder” (Mark 10:9).
wounds the victim at the core of ➔ Citing the original will of the
his ability to love. Creator, Jesus abolished the
➔ The rapist commits an outrage toleration of divorce in the Old
against the very nature of love. Covenant.
➔ An essential part of sexual union is ➔ The encouraging promise of this
the fact that it is a gift that can message of Jesus is, “as children
only be given freely within the of your Heavenly Father, you are
context of love. capable of life-long love”.
➔ And so it is possible for rape to ➔ Undeniably, it is not easy to remain
occur in marriage. faithful to one’s spouse for a
➔ The most despicable is rape within lifetime. We must not condemn
social, hierarchical, professional, or people whose marriages fail.
familial relationships of
dependence (between parents and Nevertheless, Christians who irresponsibly
children, educators and students, bring about divorce incur guilt.
etc.) ➔ They sin against God’s love,
which is visible in marriage.
What is the Church’s judgment on ➔ They sin against the abandoned
homosexuality? spouse and the abandoned
➔ God created man as male and children.
female and designed them for
each other in a bodily way as well. The Sixth and Ninth Commandments
➔ The Church accepts without call us to be faithful to our baptismal
reservation those who experience promises, to resist temptations, and to
homosexual feelings. They should live a chaste life. How do we attain
not be discriminated against these?
because of that.
➔ At the same time, the Church Fidelity to prayer - Prayer purifiesour
declares that all homosexual thoughts andhearts and inspiresus to act
relations in any form are contrary modestly.
to the order of Creation.
Practice of Temperance - To control our
What is adultery? Is divorce the desires that might lead us to sin.
appropriate response?
➔ Adultery is committed when two
people, at least one of whom is

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Exercise of Modesty - It means that we ➔ Each Sunday of the year is a

are proper in our speech and conduct. celebration of Christ’s
Resurrection so we do not count
Enriching one’s mind with clear them as days of penance.
thoughts - To feed ourselves with what is ➔ The forty day length of lent is
good. rooted in the biblical usage of the
number forty. In the Bible, the
The Season of Lent number forty denotes a period of
preparation and grace.
Lent is a 40 day season of prayer,
fasting, and almsgiving that begins on In the Old Testament…
Ash Wednesday. It's a period of ➔ The forty years of wandering of
preparation to celebrate the Lord's the Israelites toward the Promised
Resurrection at Easter. During Lent, we land.
seek the Lord in prayer by reading Sacred ➔ The forty days that Moses spent
Scripture; we serve by giving alms; and with God at Mt. Sinai as they
we practice self-control through fasting. sealed the covenant.
➔ The great flood during the time of
When does Lent begin? Noah that lasted forty days and
“Lent is a time of grace that liberates the nights.
heart form vanity” - Pope Francis - Ash
Wednesday Homily, 2019 In the New Testament…
➔ The fasting of Christ in the
➔ Lent begins on Ash Wednesday. wilderness for forty days where
➔ The ashes being imposed come He also triumphed over the devil’s
from the blessed palms temptations.
previously used during Palm ➔ The forty days that Jesus spent
Sunday. with His disciples after His
➔ During the imposition of the ashes, resurrection before ascending to
the minister may say these verses Heaven.
from the bible:
● Repent and believe in the Gospel” In today’s world…
(Mark 1:15) ➔ Lent is the forty day preparation
● “Remember that you are dust and period for Easter; the time when
to dust you shall return” (Genesis we celebrate the triumph of Christ
3:19) over death and sin; the fulfillment
of our redemption from sin.
Why forty days?
“Cuaresma” from the Latin word THE THREE PILLARS OF LENT
“quadragesima” which means forty days”
The three pillars of Lent are: prayer,
➔ Lent starts on Ash Wednesday. fasting, and almsgiving. Through these
When counting the days of Lent, three pillars of Lent, we journey to develop
we exclude Sundays. a closer relationship with God.
➔

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people sang “Hosanna” waving
1. Almsgiving palm branches.
➔ It is the action that leads us to see
our fellowmen, love them, listen to Holy Wednesday
them, and give them our time, ➔ This is also known as “Spy
help, advice, money, shelter, Wednesday”. Judas agreed to
company, affection. deliver Jesus to His enemies in
➔ It is not limited to giving material exchange of money (30 silver
goods. It is the gift of self in coins).
charity.
Examples: Paschal Triduum
● Washing the dishes ➔ “Triduum” means three days.
● Donations These are the last three days of
● Offerings in mass Holy Week which are considered
the holiest days of the Liturgical
2. Fasting year.
➔ It is moderation in eating, having,
on the day that is practiced, one Maundy Thursday
regular meal and two small ones. ➔ Jesus instituted the Sacrament of
➔ During Lent, we fast on Ash the Holy Eucharist during the
Wednesday and Good Friday. Last Supper. Jesus left an
Abstinence is practiced all Fridays assurance of His presence and
of Lent. promised that He will never leave
Examples: the disciples.
● Preventing eating junk foods ➔ The word “maundy” comes from
● Avoiding social media the Latin word mandatum
● Saving money meaning commandment – “I give
you a new commandment: love
3. Prayer one another as I have loved you”
➔ It is the action that leads man, (John 13:34)
released by fasting from the ➔ In the evening, families go on
attachments to the world, to turn to Visita Iglesia where they go from
God. one Church to another adoring and
➔ To gaze upon and contemplate, to praying to Jesus in the Blessed
listen and talk to Him, to read His Sacrament.
words and meditate on them, to be
one with Him sacramentally. Good Friday
Examples: ➔ The same people who shouted
● Station of the Cross “Hosanna” were the same people
● Reading the Holy Bible who shouted “Crucify Him!”. Jesus
● Attending Daily Masses suffered and died for the sins of
humanity. He died so that we
Palm Sunday would have life.
➔ We remember how Jesus was ➔ During Good Friday we also
given a kingly welcome at the remember the Seven Last Words
gates of Jerusalem and the of Jesus and the Stations of the

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Cross. We also have the
Veneration of the Cross followed Prayer to the Double Jubilee of St.
by the procession of the Santo Thomas Aquinas
Entierro. Dearest God, Our Loving Lord, True
Source of light and wisdom, You have
Black Saturday blessed the People of God through the
➔ Like Jesus’ disciples who Order of Preachers with the holiness and
anticipated His resurrection from teaching of Saint Thomas Aquinas whose
the dead, the people of God brilliant doctrine shines like the sun,
celebrate the Easter vigil on the whose exemplary life illumines the world.
evening of black Saturday. On this double jubilee of his dies natalis
and of his canonization, we ask for a
PRAYERS double portion of his spirit that all
Thomasians-students, and teachers,
Prayer to St. Michael the Archangel employees, and administrators, alumni
St. Michael the Archangel, defend us in and their loved ones, as well as true
battle, be our protection against the devotees, may become faithful and fruitful
wickedness and snares of the devil. May in our mission of preaching the Gospel, in
God rebuke him we humbly pray; and do seeking, serving, and sharing the Truth, in
thou, O Prince of the Heavenly host, by extending and expanding the embrace of
the power of God, cast into hell Satan and Your unending grace with St. Thomas'
all the evil spirits who prowl about the help, through Mary's plea. In Jesus' name
world seeking the ruin of souls. Amen. Amen.

Memorare
Remember, O most gracious Virgin Mary,
that never was it known
that anyone who fled to thy protection,
implored thy help,
or sought thy intercession, was left
unaided. Inspired by this confidence I fly
unto thee, O Virgin of virgins, my Mother.
To thee do I come, before thee I stand,
sinful and sorrowful. O Mother of the Word
Incarnate, despise not my petitions, but in
thy mercy hear and answer me. Amen.

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