AN ORGANIZTIONAL STUDY ON

HT NUTRO BOILER SOUTH INDIAN PRIVATE LIMITED, CHENNAI.

Summer Training report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the awards of
the Degree of

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

Of

ANNA UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI

Submitted by
HEMA . S

(Reg. No.921523631033)

Under the Guidance of

Mrs.K.SABANA ASHMIN MBA., M.Phil., PGDCA.,

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR,

RVS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

MBA STAND ALONE

(Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai)

DINDIGUL.5

1
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that MS.HEMA. S (REG NO:921523631033) is a bonafide student

of RVS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (MBA STAND
ALONE), Dindigul, has successfully completed the Summer Internship Report work as
prescribed by the Anna university, Chennai, in the partial fulfilment of the requirement of
Master Of Business Administration (MBA) Program for the academic year 2024.

The Summer internship Report titled as “AN ORGANIZATIONAL STUDY ON HT

NUTRO BOILER SOUTH INDIAN PRIVATE LIMITED, CHENNAI ...

Project guide Director

Internal Examiner External Examiner

2
 DECLARATION

I HEMA . S, the undersigned, hereby declare that the summer internship report entitled,
HT Nutro Boiler Private Limited, Chennai. submitted by me to the Anna university, Chennai, in
partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of degree of Master of Business
Administration under the guidance of Mrs. K. SABANA ASHMIN MBA., M.Phil., PGDCA.,
is my original work and the materials collected by myself.

The Report submitted is my own work and has not been duplicated from any other source.
I shall be responsible for any unpleasure moment/situation.

Place:

Date:

HEMA . S

(921523631033)

3
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

A successful Training Report is the result of team work and co-ordination that includes
not only the group of developers who put forth the ideas, logic and efforts but also those who
guide them. So, at the completion of the project, I feel obliged to extent my gratitude towards all
those who made valuable contribution throughout my training period.

I wish to my indebtedness to our Honourable Chairman Dr.K.V.KUPPUSAMY, RVS

Educational Trust for his valuable support and Opportunity to providing the Training Period.

In addition, I wish to convey deep sense of gratitude towards Dr.C.RANJITH.,

Director, MBA STANDALONE,RVS College of Engineering and Technology, Dindigul.

At the end just as significantly, I would like to express my sincere thanks to my project
guide Mrs. K. SABANA ASHMIN, MBA. M.Phil., PGDCA., Assistant professor for the
indispensable advice and assistance.

I thank all the other staff members who have provided me excellent knowledge and support
throughout the internship training period.

Finally I am very much thankful to my parents and friends for their continuous support.

HEMA . S

(921523631033)

4
 ABSTRACT

The internship report in the broad-spectrum contains four chapters in which

we try to explain my one month experience in my hosting company. The
content of all chapters is broadly explained and it is constructed from the
practical basis of the site work.
In the opening chapter I give details to the company background including its
mission, vision, the project those runs through the company consultation. In
this chapter we put all record or history and futurity of my hosting company
with its official address. So, it is give details of the company in terms of
reader can easily know and access the company.
The second chapter is the most hunted chapter which explains my overall
internship familiarity in one month. This chapter is the main chapter and we
record on it overall work I have been executing. It gives a high light what I
have been doing and main works of the construction industry.
After all those chapters explained above us goes to the third and fourth
chapter and explains the main benefits of the internship in terms of different
aspects and areas. It is obvious that the internship has a plus in terms of
improving skills and different abilities as a whole. The advantage and gains
of the internship putted in short and prices way to grasp the attention of
readers and evaluators.
The final and fifth chapter is conclusion, means what we learnt and
understand from this internship program..
 CONTENTS

CHAPTER PARTICULARS PAGE NO

NO

I. Introduction 1

II. Industry Profile

III. Company Profile

IV. Functions of
various Departments

● Finance
● HR
● Marketing
● Systems
● Production
● Any other
department

V. Conclusion
1.1 INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE STUDY

An organization is a group of people that together have a social arrangement to dispense tasks for
a goal they all want to achieve. If we look at organizations from a social sciences perspective
then we need to understand that it is a subject for analysis using a number of disciplines which
include; sociology, political sciences, psychology, economics, management and organizational
communications. When people say they are studying organizations they may say that they are
studying; organizational studies, organizational structure, organizational analysis and
organizational behaviour. All of these names mean the exact same thing but are the names that
are given by different institutes to their courses. When studying organization, you will learn three
different perspectives to look at it; Process related perspective, Functional perspective and
Institutional perspective. Process related perspective looks at how an organization is viewed as
an entity, that it is in effect being re-organized so that the focus shifts on the organization to
become a set of precise actions or tasks. Functional perspective is different as it focuses on how
it is similar to a business and how they are being used. Finally, an institutional perspective is
where they look at an organization's structure and whether it is useful within the correct social
context.
An organizational structure consists of activities such as task allocation, coordination and
supervision, which are directed towards the achievement of organizational aims. It can also be
considered as the viewing glass or perspective through which individuals see their organization
and its environment. Organizations are a variant of clustered entities. An organization can be
structured in many different ways, depending on their objectives. The structure of an
organization will determine the modes in which it operates and performs. Organizational
structure allows the expressed allocation of responsibilities for different functions and processes
to different entities such as the branch, department, workgroup and individual. Organizational
structure affects organizational action in two big ways.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

• To conduct a study on organizational structure of the company.

• To familiarize with a business organization.
• To familiarize with the different departments in the organization and their function.
• To enable us to understand how key business processes are carried out in an organization.
To know the Organizational structure of the Company

6
 • To know the functions of various Departments such as Marketing, Finance, Production,
Human Resource Management, etc.
• To gain practical knowledge about the functioning of various departments of the
organization.
• To understand the works relationship with Technology and Organization by studying
work practices

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

• The study is intended to provide managerial insight to a management student.

• If will enable him to take up responsibilities of a manager at ease and provide him more
confidence.
• The scope of the study is confined to a few selected departments and their functions.
• The trainee may also get a feel about how business executives operate in their work
settings.

NEED AND SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

• Management principles can be taught in class rooms but managerial skills can be
developed in an individual only.
• When he is trained so.
• As job are rare and lots of people are equally qualified what makes the student different is
his familiarity with corporate practices, processes and this study is also attempt to make
the trainee familiar with a public sector manufacturing company.

REASON FOR THE STUDY

Industrial boilers provide heat or steam to a wide array of manufacturing processes, raw
materials production, chemicals production, refining, and an array of other processes around the
globe. Specific technology categories in this report comprise all industrial boiler sales within the
regions considered in this report. Technology categories for which detailed market breakdowns
are provided are shown in the following table. The report focuses on industrial boilers, and
excludes those used for utility scale power generation, commercial and residential purposes.
7
LIMITATION OF STUDY

1 . The company records which are of confidential nature were not provided.

2. Many of their financial audits are yet to be published and this limited the collection of
data.

3. Since a face to face interview was conducted, there is a chance of biasing.

4. The busy schedule of the departmental heads restricted collection of detailed information.

8
 2. INDUSTRY PROFILE

To start with, HT- Nutro Boiler began its activities through dissemination of knowledge
amongst the engineering fraternity through the field of Engineering. This was basically done
keeping in view the rapid changes that were taking place and to meet the challenges and
competition of the modern world. Further, HT- Nutro Boiler diversified its services in other
fields also from conception of ideas of a structure to its inception and further to its protection.

We started equipping ourselves with Universal Boiler Machine, Vickers, Brinell, Rockwell, &
Micro Hardness Testers to test Mechanical Properties of Metals & Alloys. Chemical Boiler
&Non metallic materials like Rubber, Plastics, Wood, Insulating materials, and all Building
materials were included in our Scope of Boiler facilities.

Optical Emission Spectrometer was procured from WAS, West Germany in 2003 which is
capable of analyzing Iron, Copper, Aluminium, Nickel & Titanium base alloys. Our
Manufacturing is approved by Government of India and recognized by Inspection Agencies like
Lloyds, IRS, IBR, BVQI, L&T, NLC, EIL, BHEL etc. We have a team of Highly Qualified,
Trained, Experienced, Motivated & Dedicated persons to facilitate day to day and developmental
activities. Our Manufacturing is fully equipped for catering all Boiler activities.

HT- Nutro Boiler is fully equipped and accredited to test and inspect a variety of materials for a
wide range of product applications. We work with metals and alloys found in tubing, pipe, bar,
plates, castings and fasteners. We offer a wide-range of services to our customers’ varied needs
and applications

We are committed to provide Boiler & inspection of Customer samples With the Highest Quality
and Ever increasing levels of Customer satisfaction Through Continual improvement
The pressure of a boiler is usually made of steel(or alloy steel, or historically of
wroughtiron.Stainlesssteel,especially of the austenitic types, is not used in wetted parts of boilers
due to corrosion and stress corrosion cracking. However, ferritic stainless steel is often used in
superheater sections that will not be exposed to boiling water, and electrically heated stainless
steel shell boilers are allowed under the European "Pressure Equipment Directive" for
production of steam for sterilizers and disinfectors. In live steam models,copperor brass is often
9
used because it is more easily fabricated in smaller size boilers. Historically, copper was often
used for fireboxes(particularly for steam locomotives), because of its better formability and
higher thermal conductivity; however, in more recent times, the high price of copper often makes
this an uneconomic choice and cheaper substitutes (such as steel) are used instead.

For much of the Victorian "age of steam", the only material used for boiler making was the
highest grade of wrought iron, with assembly byriveting.This iron was often obtained from
specialist ironworks, such as at Creator Moor(UK), noted for the high quality of their rolled plate
and its suitability for high-reliability use in critical applications, such as high-pressure boilers. In
the 20th century, design practice instead moved towards the use of steel, which is stronger and
cheaper, with welded construction, which is quicker and requires less labour. Wrought iron
boilers corrode far slower than their modern-day steel counterparts, and are less susceptible to
localized pitting and stress-corrosion. This makes the longevity of older wrought- iron boilers far
superior to those of welded steel boilers.

Cast iron may be used for the heating vessel of domestic water heaters. Although such heaters
are usually termed "boilers" in some countries, their purpose is usually to produce hot water, not
steam, and so they run at low pressure and try to avoid boiling. The brittleness of cast iron makes
it impractical for high-pressure steam boilers.

BOILER EFFICIENCY

There are two methods to measure the boiler efficiency:

1) Direct method

2) Indirect method
Direct method -Direct method of boiler efficiency test is more usable or more common.

Boiler efficiency = power out / power in = (Q * (Hg - Hf)) / (q * GCV) * 100%

Q = rate of steam flow in kg/h

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Hg =enthalpy of saturated steam in kcal/kg
Hf = enthalpy of feed water in kcal/kg q =
rate of fuel use in kg/h
GCV = gross calorific value in kcal/kg (e.g. pet coke 8200 kcal/kg)

Indirect method -To measure the boiler efficiency in indirect method, we need a following
parameter like:

Ultimate analysis of fuel (H2,S2,S,C moisture constraint, ash constraint)

• Percentage of O2 or CO2 at flue gas

• Flue gas temperature at outlet
• Ambient temperature in deg c and humidity of air in kg/kg
• GCV of fuel in kcal/kg
• Ash percentage in combustible fuel
• GCV of ash in kcal/kg

Boilers can be classified into the following configurations:

Pot boiler or Haycock boiler/Haystack boiler: A primitive "kettle" where a fire heats a partially
filled water container from below. 18th century Haycock boilers generally produced and stored
large volumes of very low-pressure steam, often hardly above that of the atmosphere. These
could burn wood or most often, coal. Efficiency was very low.

Flued boiler with one or two large flues – an early type or forerunner of fire-tube boiler

11
Fire-tube boiler: Here, water partially fills a boiler barrel with a small volume left above to
accommodate the steam (steam space). This is the type of boiler used in nearly all steam lo
comotives.The heat source is inside a furnace or firebox that has to be kept permanently
surrounded by the water in order to maintain the temperature of the heating surface below the
point. The furnace can be situated at one end of a fire-tube which lengthens the path of the hot
gases, thus augmenting the heating surface which can be further increased by making the gases
reverse direction through a second parallel tube or a bundle of multiple tubes (two-pass or return
flue boiler); alternatively the gases may be taken along the sides and then beneath the boiler
through flues (3-pass boiler). In case of a locomotive-type boiler, a boiler barrel extends from the
firebox and the hot gases pass through a bundle of fire tubes inside the barrel which greatly
increases the heating surface compared to a single tube and further improves heat transfer.
Firetube boilers usually have a comparatively low rate of steam production, but high steam
storage capacity. Fire-tube boilers mostly burn solid fuels, but are readily adaptable those of the
liquid or gas variety. Fire-tube boilers may also be referred to as "scotch-marine" or "marine"
type boilers.

WATER- TUBE BOILER

Water-tube boiler: In this type, tubes filled with water are arranged inside a furnace in a number
of possible configurations. Often the water tubes connect large drums, the lower ones containing
water and the upper ones steam and water; in other cases, such as a mono-tube boiler, water is
circulated by a pump through a succession of coils. This type generally gives high steam
production rates, but less storage capacity than the above. Water tube boilers can be designed to
exploit any heat source and are generally preferred in high-pressure applications since the high-
pressure water/steam is contained within small diameter pipes which can withstand the pressure
with a thinner wall. These boilers are commonly constructed in place, roughly square in shape,
and can be multiple stories tall.

Flashboiler

A flash boiler is a specialized type of water-tube boiler in which tubes are close together and
water is pumped through them. A flash boiler differs from the type of mono-tube steam generator
in which the tube is permanently filled with water. In a flash boiler, the tube is kept so hot that

12
the water feed is quickly flashed into steam and superheated. Flash boilers had some use in
automobiles in the 19th century and this use continued into the early 20th century.

Fire-tube boiler with Water-tube firebox. Sometimes the two above types have been combined in
the following manner: the firebox contains an assembly of water tubes, called siphons. The gases
then pass through a conventional firetube boiler. Water-tube fireboxes were installed in many
Hungarian lo comotives,[citation needed] but have met with little success in other countries.

Sectional boiler. In a cast iron sectional boiler, sometimes called a "pork chop boiler" the water is
contained inside cast iron sections.[citation needed]These sections are assembled on site to create
the finished boiler.

SAFETY

To define and secure boilers safely, some professional specialized organizations such as the
American Society of Mechanical Engineers(ASME) develop standards and regulation codes.
For instance, the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code is a standard providing a wide range of
rules and directives to ensure compliance of the boilers and other pressure vessels with safety,
security and design standards.

Historically, boilers were a source of many serious injuries and property destruction due to
poorly understood engineering principles. Thin and brittle metal shells can rupture, while poorly
welded or riveted seams could open up, leading to a violent eruption of the pressurized steam.
When water is converted to steam it expands to over 1,000 times its original volume and travels
down steam pipes at over 100 kilometres per hour. Because of this, steam is a great way of
moving energy and heat around a site from a central boiler house to where it is needed, but
without the right boiler feed water treatment, a steam-raising plant will suffer from scale
formation and corrosion. At best, this increases energy costs and can lead to poor quality steam,
reduced efficiency, shorter plant life and unreliable operation. At worst, it can lead to
13
catastrophic failure and loss of life. Collapsed or dislodged boiler tubes can also spray scalding-
hot steam and smoke out of the air intake and firing chute, injuring the firemen who load the coal
into the fire chamber. Extremely large boilers providing hundreds of horsepower to operate
factories can potentially demolish entire buildings.

A boiler that has a loss of feed water and is permitted to boil dry can be extremely dangerous. If
feed water is then sent into the empty boiler, the small cascade of incoming water instantly boils
on contact with the superheated metal shell and leads to a violent explosion that cannot be
controlled even by safety steam valves. Draining of the boiler can also happen if a leak occurs in
the steam supply lines that is larger than the make-up water supply could replace. The Hartford
Loop was invented in 1919 by the Hartford Steam Boiler Inspection and Insurance Company as
a method to help prevent this condition from occurring, and thereby reduce their insurance
claims.

Supercritical steam generator

Supercritical steam generators are frequently used for the production of electric power. They
operate at super critical pressure. In contrast to a "subcritical boiler", a supercritical steam
generator operates at such a high pressure (over 3,200 psi or 22 MPa) that the physical
turbulence that characterizes boiling ceases to occur; the fluid is neither liquid nor gas but a
super-critical fluid. There is no generation of steam bubbles within the water, because the
pressure is above the critical pressure point at which steam bubbles can form. As the fluid
expands through the turbine stages, its thermodynamic state drops below the critical point as it
does work turning the turbine which turns the electrical generator from which power is
ultimately extracted. The fluid at that point may be a mix of steam and liquid droplets as it passes
into the condenser. This results in slightly less fuel use and therefore less green house gas
14
production. The term "boiler" should not be used for a supercritical pressure steam generator, as
no "boiling" occurs in this device.

BOILER FITTINGS AND ACCESSORIES

Pressuretrols to control the steam pressure in the boiler. Boilers generally have 2 or 3
pressuretrols: a manual-reset pressuretrol, which functions as a safety by setting the upper limit
of steam pressure, the operating pressuretrol, which controls when the boiler fires to maintain
pressure, and for boilers equipped with a modulating burner, a modulating pressuretrol which
controls the amount of fire.

Safety valve :It is used to relieve pressure and prevent possible explosion of a boiler.
Water level indicators: They show the operator the level of fluid in the boiler, also known as a
glass, water or water column.

Bottom blow down valves: They provide a means for removing solid particulates that
condense and lie on the bottom of a boiler. As the name implies, this valve is usually located
directly on the bottom of the boiler, and is occasionally opened to use the pressure in the boiler
to push these particulates out.

Continuous blow down valve: This allows a small quantity of water to escape continuously. Its
purpose is to prevent the water in the boiler becoming saturated with dissolved salts. Saturation
would lead to foaming and cause water droplets to be carried over with the steam – a condition
known as priming. Blow down is also often used to monitor the chemistry of the boiler water.

Turncock: a type of valve that is often use to manually check a liquid level in a tank. Most
commonly found on a water boiler.

Flash tank: High-pressure blow down enters this vessel where the steam can 'flash' safely and be
used in a low-pressure system or be vented to atmosphere while the ambient pressure blowdown
flows to drain.

Automatic blow down/continuous heat recovery system: This system allows the boiler to blow
down only when makeup water is flowing to the boiler, thereby transferring the maximum
amount of heat possible from the lowdown to the makeup water. No flash tank is generally
needed as the blow down discharged is close to the temperature of the makeup water.

15
Hand holes: They are steel plates installed in openings in "header" to allow for inspections &
installation of tubes and inspection of internal surfaces.

Steam drums internals, a series of screen, scrubber & cans (cyclone separators).

Low-water cutoff: It is a mechanical means (usually a float switch) that is used to turn off the
burner or shut off fuel to the boiler to prevent it from running once the water goes below a
certain point. If a boiler is "dry-fired" (burned without water in it) it can cause rupture or
catastrophic failure.

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 3. COMPANY PROFILE

3.1 LOCATION AND BACKGROUND OF THE ORGANIZATION

HT-NUTRO BOILER SOUTH INDIAN PRIVATE LIMITED have been established is

1992 with a total area of 55.000 m2 including 10.000 m2 closed area for industrial boilers,
pressured equipments, water chemistry production. The company CEO is K.SANTHOSHand
managing director of the company K.ELAYAPERUMAL. Total of the employee are 500
member working in this organization

According to the customer’s request, the steam boiler, waste heat recovery boiler, thermal oil
boiler, autoclave, economizer, high frequency welded finned tubes, heat exchanger, hydrofoil,
water purifier, chimney, LPG tank, pressure vessel and stainless tanks in various capacities,
serpentines and heat exchangers production. We are always ready to cooperate with our
integrated staff in line with customer demands

Limited is one of India's premier engineering solutions company serving industry's energy
requirements. HTNBSIPL has been manufacturing boilers and allied products for the last two
decades and has earned recognition as a research driven organization that sets benchmarks for
innovative technologies. HTNBSIPL's customer centric business practices uncompromising
quality approach and continuous thrust on technological up-gradations are the key factors
contributing to its multi-fold growth.

Business Overview

HT-NUTRO BOILER SOUTH INDIAN PRIVATE LIMITED builds high capacity

boilers for steam-generation power generation & process heating and provides turnkey integrated
power plant solutions. Besides there are packaged boilers designed, manufactured and tested at
HTNBSIPL s facilities located near Chandigarh in the northern part of India. In addition
HTNBSIPL also offers support services for existing boilers and process furnaces.

HT-NUTRO BOILER SOUTH INDIAN PRIVATE LIMITED operates with a large sales
and service network covering entire India & many other global locations. HTNBSIPL s

17
successful track-record of path-breaking engineering efficient project management in-house
construction and commissioning expertise and its state-of-the-art manufacturing facilities enable

OBJECTIVES OF THIS STUDY

• To analyze and forecast the size of the industrial boilers market in terms of value
• To define, describe, and forecast the industrial boilers materials market by boiler
horsepower, fuel type, end-use industry, type, and region
• To forecast the market size of different segments based on regions, such as North
America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Middle East & Africa, and South America
• To provide detailed information regarding major factors drivers, restraints, opportunities,
and challenges influencing the growth of the industrial boilers market
• To strategically analyze the industrial boilers market segments based on individual
growth trends, future prospects, and contribution to the total market
• To analyze the opportunities in the market for stakeholders and provide details of a
competitive landscape for market leaders
• To strategically profile key players and comprehensively analyze their core competencies

To analyze competitive developments, such as alliances, joint ventures, mergers & acquisitions,
and new product launches in the industrial boilers market

ACTIVITIES OF THE ORGANIZATION

Industrial boilers provide heat or steam to a wide array of manufacturing processes, raw
materials production, chemicals production, refining, and an array of other processes around the
globe. Specific technology categories in this report comprise all industrial boiler sales within the
regions considered in this report. Technology categories for which detailed market breakdowns
are provided are shown in the following table. The report focuses on industrial boilers, and
excludes those used for utility scale power generation, commercial and residential purposes

18
STRUCTURE OF THE ORGANIZATION

19
 4 .DETAILS OF DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS

4.1 FUNCTIONAL DEPARTMENT

 PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
 HR DEPARTMENT
 FINANCE DEPARTMENT
 MARKETING DEPARTMENT
 SALES DEPARTMENT
 PURCHASING DEPARTMENT

Fabrication is the act of taking raw stock material and turning it into a part for use in an assembly
process. There are many different types of fabrication processes. The most common are

 Cutting
 Folding
 Machining
 Punching
 Shearing
 Stamping
 Welding

CUTTING

There are many ways to cut nowadays. The old standby is the saw. Others now include
plasma torches, water jets, and lasers. There is a wide range of complexity and price, with some
machines costing in the millions.

FOLDING.

Some parts need to be bent. The most common method is a press brake (or brake press). It
has a set of dies that pinches the metal to form a crease. This operation can only be performed in
very specific cases due to the movement of the part and the possible shape of the dies. Designing

20
for Lean manufacturing, though, can help prevent complex shapes that slow down production.
Sometimes using two different types of fabrication processes or two different pieces fastened
together work better than one complicated piece.

MACHINING.

This is the process of removing metal from a piece of material. It might be done on a lathe,
where the material rotates against a cutting tool or in some other cutting machine where a
rotating tool is moved in a variety of ways against a stationary piece. Drills fall into this latter
category.
The range of motion of the cutting head is defined by the number of axes (i.e. a 3-axis machine.
PUNCHING.

Punching is the act of a punch and a die forming a ‘scissor’ effect on a piece of metal to
make a hole in it. Obviously, the punch and die must be the same shape and size of the desired
hole. In some cases, the main piece of material is kept, as in when holes are added for fasteners.
In other cases, the piece that is removed is the desired product-this is called ‘blanking’.

SHEARING.

Shearing is the process of making a long cut on a piece of metal. It is, in effect, just like the
action of one of those paper cutters with the long chop-handle. This is done on sheet metal.

STAMPING.

Stamping is very similar to punching, except the material is not cut. The die is shaped to
make a raised portion of material rather than penetrating.

WELDING.

Welding is the act of joining two pieces of metal together. A variety of types of welding exist
for use in different applications and for the range of metals used in manufacturing.

PRESSURE VESSEL MANUFACTURING AND FABRICATION PROCESS

 The Company Fabricates Custom ASME Code Compliant Pressure Vessels, Heavy Duty
Pressure Retaining Parts, Shells, Cylinders, Cones, Components and Tanks.

21
  Listed below are descriptions, pictures and images of pressure vessel manufacturing
projects during various phases and steps during the fabrication process.
 View images of various wall thickness and large diameter pressure vessels, boiler drums,
oil and gas separators, vapor-liquid separators, knock-out pots, knock-out drums, jacket-
steam cooker vessels, flash drums manufactured and fabricated .
 We design and build safe ASME code and non-code tanks. We use multiple classes of
carbon steel and steel alloy materials during the pressure vessel construction process
which includes brazing, welding, forging. Some of the pictures shown below were taken
during the shipping and handling process where safety is our major focus. During the
delivery of pressure vessels, we manage the trucking process, the acquisition of the
required permits and offloading process.

The Company constructs, fabricates, builds, manufactures, tests and inspects ASME code
pressure vessels, steam drums, storage tanks, autoclaves and components. We offer a wide
variety of ASME certified services. Our company also engineers and designs pressure vesselsin
conjunction with our pressure vessel fabrication manufacturing and services.

 Pressure Vessel Type Pictured Above: ASME Separator

Fabrication Date: 2014
22
 Description: 120” Diameter x 20′-0” Straight Shell, 70,000 pounds
Material (s): ASME SA516 Grade 70 Carbon Steel Plate
Industry or Application: Refinery
Pressure Vessel Manufacturing and Fabrication Process Description:
100% Radiographic Testing and Inspection (RT-1), Post Weld Heat Treated (PWHT),
Insulated, Furnished with Platform and Ladder

 Pressure Vessel Type Pictured Above: ASME Ammonium Carbonate Decomposition

Stripper Tower
Fabrication Date: 2014
Description: 84” tapered to 60” Diameter x 27′-7” Overall length, 28,000 pounds empty
Material (s): SA240T-316/316L Stainless Steel
Industry or Application: Nitrogen Fertilizer Facility

The Company is at work during the process of welding a circumferential seam to join 2 shell
sections of pressure vessel The pressure vessel is now being used in an ammonium carbonated
ecom position stripper tower at a fertilizer facility in the United States. The largest inside
diameter of the shell, at the bottom, is 84″. The shell tapers to a 60″ inside diameter at the top.
The Company plant in Cleveland, Ohio houses all the machines used to fabricate and
manufacture large scale industrial pressure vessels. These include high performance rolling
machines, heavy lifting equipment such as cranes, lifts and hoists, heat treating and stress
relieving equipment, electric and gas fired car bottom furnaces, painting and
sandblastingfacilities.EngineersattheCompanydesignpressurevesselsand we are capable of

23
manufacturing shell sand complete horizontal and vertical pressure vessels from different
materials such as carbon steel, nickel alloys and stainless steel. Additional process involved spot
radiographic testing and inspection (Spot RT), material PMI testing (P.M.I.) and liquid
penetration inspection (P.T.).

Pressure Vessel Type Pictured Above: Knock-Out Drum (vapor–liquid separator)

Fabrication Date: 2010
Description: 102” Diameter x 36′-0” Straight Shell, 40,000 pounds

24
Material (s): ASME SA516 Grade 70 Carbon Steel Plate
Industry or Application: Refinery
Pressure Vessel Manufacturing and Fabrication Process Description: Spot Radiographic Testing
and Inspection (Spot RT), Post weld Heat Treatment(PWHT).

Pressure Vessel Type Pictured Above: Cooker Vessel (Jacketed Steam-Cooker Vessel)
Fabrication Date: 2010
Description: Jacketed 53” Inside Diameter x 14’6” Overall, 18,000 pounds
Material (s): ASME SA516 Grade 70 Carbon Steel Plate
Industry or Application: Rendering (Animal Rendering Plant)
Pressure Vessel Manufacturing and Fabrication Process Description: The jacketed steam-cooker
vessel, pictured above, was manufactured by The Halvorsen Company for use in an animal
rendering plant. The cooker vessel was manufactured at Halvorsen’s pressure vessel fabrication
facility in Garfield Heights, Ohio. The “dry” method of rendering is used to heat the raw
materials in the jacketed steam-cooker vessel to eliminate moisture and release fat.

25
Pressure Vessel Type Pictured Above: Flash Drum (vapor–liquid separator)
Fabrication Date: 2006
Description: 144” Inside Diameter x 36′-0” Straight Shell, 70,000 pounds
Material (s): ASME SA516 Grade 70 Carbon Steel Plate
Industry or Application: Refinery
Pressure Vessel Manufacturing and Fabrication Process Description: Spot Radiographic Testing
and Inspection (Spot RT), Post Weld Heat Treated (PWHT), Furnished with Platform and
Ladder. Pictured above is a type of pressure vessel called a flash drum manufactured by The
company. This vessel is used for flash evaporation which occurs inside the pressure vessel.

As of today, the facility houses the following key processes :

 Fabrication
 Galvanization
 Panel Manufacturing
 Finishing(Shot Blasting & Painting)
MANUFACTURING PROCESS

A is a machine that converts the wind's kinetic energy into rotary mechanical energy, which is
then used to do work. In more advanced models, the rotational energy is converted into
electricity, the most versatile form of energy, by using a generator.

26
For thousands of years people have used windmills to pump water or grind grain. Even into the
twentieth century tall, slender, multi-vane wind turbines made entirely of metal were used in
American homes and ranches to pump water into the house's plumbing system or into the cattle's
watering trough. After World War I, work was begun to develop wind turbines that could
produce electricity. Marcellus Jacobs invented a prototype in 1927 that could provide power for a
radio and a few lamps but little else. When demand for electricity increased later, Jacobs's small,
inadequate wind turbines fell out of use.

The first large-scale wind turbine built in the United States was conceived by Palmer Cosslett
Putnam in 1934; he completed it in 1941. The machine was huge. The tower was 36.6 yards
(33.5 meters) high, and its two stainless steel blades had diameters of 58 yards (53 meters).
Putnam's wind turbine could produce 1,250 kilowatts of electricity, or enough to meet the needs
of a small town. It was, however, abandoned in 1945 because of mechanical failure.

With the 1970s oil embargo, the United States began once more to consider the feasibility of
producing cheap electricity from wind turbines. In 1975 the prototype Mod-O was in operation.
This was a 100 kilowatt turbine with two 21-yard (19-meter) blades. More prototypes followed
(Mod-OA, Mod-1, Mod-2, etc.), each larger and more powerful than the one before. Currently,
the United States Department of Energy is aiming to go beyond 3,200 kilowatts per machine.

Many different models of wind turbines exist, the most striking being the vertical-axis Durries,
which is shaped like an egg beater. The model most supported by commercial manufacturers,
however, is a horizontal-axis turbine, with a capacity of around 100 kilowatts and three blades
not more than 33 yards (30 meters) in length. Wind turbines with three blades spin more
smoothly and are easier to balance than those with two blades. Also, while larger wind turbines
produce more energy, the smaller models are less likely to undergo major mechanical failure, and
thus are more economical to maintain.
Wind farms have sprung up all over the United States, most notably in California. Wind farms
are huge arrays of wind turbines set in areas of favourable wind production. The great number of
interconnected wind turbines is necessary in order to produce enough electricity to meet the
needs of a sizable population. Currently, 17,000 wind turbines on wind farms owned by several
wind energy companies produce 3.7 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity annually, enough to
meet the energy needs of 500,000 homes.

27
RAW MATERIALS

A wind turbine consists of three basic parts: the tower, the nacelle, and the rotor blades. The
tower is either a steel lattice tower similar to electrical towers or a steel tubular tower with an
inside ladder to the nacelle.

The first step in constructing a wind turbine is erecting the tower. Although the tower's steel parts
are manufactured off site in a factory, they are usually assembled on site. The parts are bolted
together before erection, and the tower is kept horizontal until placement. A crane lifts the tower
into position, all bolts are tightened, and stability is tested upon completion.
Next, the fibreglass nacelle is installed. Its inner workings—main drive shaft, gearbox, and
blade pitch and yaw controls—are assembled and mounted onto a base frame at a factory. The
nacelle is then bolted around the equipment. At the site, the nacelle is lifted onto the completed
tower and bolted into place.
Most towers do not have guys, which are cables used for support, and most are made of steel that
has been coated with a zinc alloy for protection, though some are painted instead. The tower of a
typical American-made turbine is approximately 80 feet tall and weighs about 19,000 pounds.

The nacelle is a strong, hollow shell that contains the inner workings of the wind turbine. Usually
made of fibreglass, the nacelle contains the main drive shaft and the gearbox. It also contains the
blade pitch control, a hydraulic system that controls the angle of the blades, and the yaw drive,
which controls the position of the turbine relative to the wind. The generator and electronic

28
controls are standard equipment whose main components are steel and copper. A typical nacelle
for a current turbine weighs approximately 22,000 pounds.

The most diverse use of materials and the most experimentation with new materials occur with
the blades. Although the most dominant material used for the blades in commercial wind
turbines is fibber glass with a hollow core, other materials in use include lightweight woods and
aluminium. Wooden blades are solid, but most blades consist of a skin surrounding a core that is
either hollow or filled with a lightweight substance such as plastic foam or honeycomb, or balsa
wood. A typical fibreglass blade is about 15 meters in length and weighs approximately 2,500
pounds.

Wind turbines also include a utility box, which converts the wind energy into electricity and
which is located at the base of the tower. Various cables connect the utility box to the nacelle,
while others connect the whole turbine to nearby turbines and to a transformer.

THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS

Before consideration can be given to the construction of individual wind turbines, manufacturers
must determine a proper area for the siting of wind farms. Winds must be consistent, and their
speed must be regularly over 15.5 miles per hour (25 kilometres per hour). If the winds are
stronger during certain seasons, it is preferred that they be greatest during periods of maximum
electricity use. In California's Altamont Pass, for instance, site of the world's largest wind farm,
wind speed peaks in the summer when demand is high. In some areas of New England where
wind farms are being considered, winds are strongest in the winter, when the need for

29
The nacelle is a strong, hollow shell that contains the inner workings of the wind turbine, such as
the main drive shaft and the gearbox. It also contains the blade pitch control, a hydraulic system
that controls the angle of the blades, and the yaw drive, which controls the position of the turbine
relative to the wind. A typical nacelle for a current turbine weighs approximately 22,000 pounds.

Heating increases the consumption of electrical power. Wind farms work best in open areas of
slightly rolling land surrounded by mountains. These areas are preferred because the wind
turbines can be placed on ridges and remain unobstructed by trees and buildings, and the
mountains concentrate the air flow, creating a natural wind tunnel of stronger, faster winds. Wind
farms must also be placed near utility lines to facilitate the transfer of the electricity to the local
power plant.

PREPARING THE SITE

1Wherever a wind farm is to be built, the roads are cut to make way for transporting parts. At
each wind turbine location, the land is graded and the pad area is levelled. A concrete foundation
is then laid into the ground, followed by the installation of the underground cables. These cables
connect the wind turbines to each other in series, and also connect all of them to the remote
controlcenter, where the wind farm is monitored and the electricity is sent to the power company.

30
ERECTING THE TOWER

2Although the tower's steel parts are manufactured off site in a factory, they are usually
assembled on site. The parts are bolted together before erection, and the tower is kept horizontal
until placement. A crane lifts the tower into position, all bolts are tightened, and stability is tested
upon completion.

NACELLE

3The fibreglass nacelle, like the tower, is manufactured off site in a factory. Unlike the tower,
however, it is also put together in the factory. Its inner workings—main drive shaft, gearbox, and
blade pitch and yaw controls—are assembled and then mounted onto a base frame. The nacelle is
then bolted

The utility box for each wind turbine and the electrical communication system for the wind farm
is installed simultaneously with the placement of the nacelle and blades. Cables run from the
nacelle to the utility box and from the utility box to the remote control centre. around the
equipment. At the site, the nacelle is lifted onto the completed tower and bolted into place.

31
ROTARY BLADES

Aluminium blades are created by bolting sheets of aluminium together, while wooden blades are
carved to form an aerodynamic propeller similar in cross-section to an airplane wing.

By far the greatest number of blades, however, are formed from fiberglass. The manufacture of
fiberglass is a painstaking operation. First, a meld that is in two halves like a clam shell, yet
shaped like a blade, is prepared. Next, a fiberglass-resin composite mixture is applied to the
inner surfaces of the meld, which is then closed. The fiberglass mixture must then dry for several
hours; while it does, an air-filled bladder within the meld helps the blade keep its shape. After the
fiberglass is dry, the meld is then opened and the bladder is removed. Final preparation of the
blade involves cleaning, sanding, sealing the two halves, and painting.

INSTALLATION OF CONTROL SYSTEMS

The utility box for each wind turbine and the electrical communication system for the wind farm
is installed simultaneously with the placement of the nacelle and blades. Cables run from the
nacelle to the utility box and from the utility box to the remote control canter.

METAL FABRICATION

Metal fabrication is one of the first and most important manufacturing steps in creating a finished
part. Miller Welding & Machine Co. uses a variety of processes to manipulate steel plates and
sheet metal, providing you with a turnkey solution to all of your industrial fabrication
requirements.
4.2 FUNCTIONAL AREA.

4.2.1 HR DEPARTMENT

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

Human resource management is defined as the managing function of employees, developing and
compensating HR resulting in creation and development of human relations with the view to
contribute proportionately to the organizational, individual and social goal.

32
VALUE STATEMENT
“We consider our employees as our most valuable asset and are committed to provide full
encouragement and support to them, to enhance their potential and contribution to the company’s
business”.

FUNCTIONS OF HR DEPARTMENT:
1)HR ACQUISITON
• Recruitment
• Selection
2) HR DEVELOPMENT
• Training and development
• Organization development
3) PERFORMANCE AND COMPENSATION
• Performance appraisal
• Incentives and benefits
4) MOTIVATION
• Creating motivation environment
• Empowerment and participation

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 • HR Mobility

1) HR ACQUISITION

 RECRUITMENT
Recruitment is the process of ‘finding and attracting capable applicants for employment. The
process begins when new recruits are sought and ends when their applications are submitted. The
result is a pool of applicants from which new employees are selected.

SOURCES OF RECRUITMENT
The following are various external sources of recruitment:
1. Consultancies
2. Campus recruitment
3. Lateral entries

1. CONSULTANCIES
The department heads where requirements are needed informs to the HR department about the
requirement. The concerned persons for recruitment get approval for filling the vacancies. Then
the consultancies are approached telling the requirements. The fit applications are mailed to
attend the interview. If satisfied, they are called for the personal interview.
2. CAMPUS RECRUITMENT
The recruitment panel goes to the reputed colleges to select the candidates.
On the following basis they recruit the candidates
 GETs - Graduate Engineer Trainees
 DETs - Diploma Engineer Trainees
 ITI- Industrial Training Institute

3. LATERAL ENTRIES
They pick the experience candidates or people from other companies. The
Following is the process of lateral entry recruitment:
1. Sourcing

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 2. Interview
a. Written test
b. Technical round interview
c. Personal Interview

PROCEDURE FOR LATERAL RECRUITMENT

 Pre-Selection
 Selection
 Post-Selection
The selection procedure is concerned with selecting the right candidate at right time for right
place. The selection procedure saves a lot of time and money by eliminating candidates who are
not eligible for the post.

STEPS IN SELECTION
• Receiving of application
• Preparing of shortlist by the department
• Verification of resume by department head
• Interview (one round)
• Psychological test
• Reference/Background information
2) HR DEVELOPMENT TRAINING
Training is an on-going process aimed at capability-building of the employees at all levels. In
today’s competitive milieu, organizations are increasingly turning to training to capture the
cutting edge. As they manage growth in a constantly changing environment. Purposive training
and planned re-training have an acquired priority status on the corporate agenda. Training
programmed is classified into
• Skill
• Knowledge
• Attitude

TRAINING PROGRAMS:
• Quad 1 executives
• Competencies and priority needs of departments/ units
35
 • E-learning
• Induction for DET (2 years) GET (1 year), Laterals (7 days) GENMOD training
program.
• General-Planning for retirement
Budget spent for training (8hrs- 1day) middle managers (3 to 4 persons) is 3-4 lakhs
WORKMEN CAPABILITY BUILDING
Training & Development for the unionized employees at the manufacturing units is focused on
skill development. Both internal and external training is given for associates. Guest lecturers of
external faculty and various other industrial visits will be arranged for associates. In addition to
some programmers like engineering drawing and waste elimination are also conducted.

TRAINING FOR SENIOR/ MIDDLE LEVEL MANAGEMENT

Both external and internal training is given for the executives. Faculty from outside agencies will
be arranged for training them. They also get faculty from corporate level.
Training for senior/middle level management is done on the following basis:
MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT PLAN

Management development plan of HT-NUTRO BOILER SOUTH INDIAN PRIVATE

LIMITED focuses on the following competencies
• People leadership
• Transformational leadership
• Project management capability
• Result orientation
• Entrepreneurial perspective
HR processes such as job evaluation and competency mapping will be dovetailed into the
development plan to enhance objectivity and effectiveness.

DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES
The following are the developmental activities:
 TEI – Total Employee Involvement
 CFG – Cross Functional Group
 QC – Quality Circles
 SS – Suggestion Scheme

36
  Re-deployment

3) PERFORMANCE AND COMPENSATION PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL

“Performance appraisal is the systematic evaluation of the individual with regard to his or her
performance on the job and his potential for development”
In HT-NUTRO BOILER SOUTH INDIAN PRIVATE LIMITED graphical scale method is
followed, it is also known as linear rating scale. In this, a printed appraisal form is used for each
appraise. The form consists of various employee characteristics and his job performance. Various
characteristics include initiative, leadership, dependability, creative ability, analytical ability
etc.., The rating is done on the basis of scale which is in continuum representing various degrees
of
particular quality. HT-NUTRO BOILER SOUTH INDIAN PRIVATE LIMITED use numbers
say 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1 to denote points for various degrees of excellent-poor, high-low, good bad and
so on.

The appraisal form is divided into 8 parts where under each part separate sections are being
covered.

• Part I- Performance in the present job (Employees achievements, goals)

• Part II- Work behaviour (Plans, objectives, activities, execution of plans)
• Part III- Abilities (Job knowledge, commitment to achieve results at work)
• Part IV- Potential ( Areas of interest, personality traits, strength, weakness)
• Part V- Overall performance rating ( Based on assessment of part I, II III)
• Part VI- Training need (To improve performance in present job, to assume higher
responsibility)
• Part VII- Development plan (Job rotation, job enlargement, special assignment/
reputation)
• Part VIII- Other comments

The appraisal form also consists of customer satisfaction survey where the need, service provider
and period of assessment are all identified. It also follows graphical scale method using a five
point scale based on the criteria

37
 • Quality ( Customer needs, service information, quality works, complaints etc..,).
• Delivery (Delivery time, point of use, use or parts/service information)
• Communication (Interaction with customers, listening to customer views, timely
feedback, and review changes with the customer)
• Responsiveness (Responding to customer complaints, changes to customer needs)
• Improvement (Positive attitude for improvement, implementation & effectiveness of
improvement and improvements at the customer end)

EMPLOYEE RETENTION
Performance linked pay
The company has an annual appraisal system in place and pursuant to this system, performance
linked pay, annual variable pay and/or commission is paid to the employees.
Employee motivation
HT-NUTRO BOILER SOUTH INDIAN PRIVATE LIMITED targets 100% of its employees
to be involved in its continuous improvement activities. Reward systems such as IMPROVE,
RISE, BITES, 100% CLUB and GEMBA passport scheme motivates people to contribute their
ideas.
 INCENTIVES
1) Surcharge on Direct Booking Incentive.
2) Special Incentive Scheme.

Employee welfare schemes

The following are the welfare schemes available to the employees.
• Canteen facilities
• Medical claims
• Transport facilities
HT-NUTRO BOILER SOUTH INDIAN PRIVATE LIMITED school for their
children
• Scholarship schemes
• Recreation facilities

38
 BENEFITS
1) Tuition fee refund:
Reimbursement of expenses related to course fees, examination fees and purchase of books is
allowed up to 75% of amount spent per academic year subject to a maximum amount as given by
personnel administration.
2) Major medical plan:
Benefits will be available within the laid down overall limits for self dependants viz.
reimbursement of medical expenses and interest free loan
3) Medical reimbursement:
Domiciliary expenses incurred on domiciliary medical treatment shall be reimbursed subject to
the annual limits fixed from time to time.
4) Domestic travel:
Boarding and lodging expenses per diem allowance, when an employee opts to makes his own
arrangements , out of pocket expenses, other expenses such as local conveyances, office phone
calls.
5) Conveyance reimbursement:
It is made on self certification of expenses by the executives. This will stand withdrawn in the
event of company transport being provided.
6) Vehicle loan:
Interest free loan up to 100% of the cost of a new two wheeler subject to a maximum limit
stipulated from time to time.
7) Group term insurance:
It is in addition to the accident insurance cover provided by the company for executives. In the
event of accidental death, the beneficiaries will receive benefit under both policies.
8) Sixth day compensation (ie. Saturday):
Executives in CG 25 (Corporate Grade) and below will be paid 7.5% of basic salary for every 6 th
day (optional) worked. The 6th day compensation as indicated above will be considered as salary
for the purpose of contribution to PF and eligibility for bonus/ Ex-gratia.
Maternity leave:
Total period: 12 weeks leave with pay (6 weeks before delivery and 6 weeks immediately
following the delivery) for lady executives.

39
10)Leave:
All executives are eligible for privilege leave (PL)-30 days, sick leave (SL)- 7 days, casual leave
(CL)- 7 days, national and festival holidays. All leave will be credited in January, every year.
4.2.8 EMPOWERMENT AND PARTICIPATION IMPROVE
Improve is an annual company- wide event to record, recognize and award employees for their
positive involvement in organizational growth innovation and customer satisfaction.

RISE
The expansion for RISE is Reward for Individual Search for Excellence. It is an integrated award
and is given to the associates. If an employee does some good activity or work apart from his
usual one he is being awarded with RISE.

TQM – Total Quality Management

The main objective of the TQM cell is to set human in a good manner to achieve the goals. The
quality circle includes 6 people which include 5 associates and 1 executive. Their main function
is to identify the problem, find the solution and to implement it.
HR MOBILITY PROMOTION OPPORTUNITIES
Promotions is based on the seniority, eligibility for post , efficiency, skill, qualification etc.., The
management decides whether to fill a post of outside recruitment or through promotion.
Workman shall be considered for promotion to a post based on certain rules.
• He has rendered a minimum period of qualification service of five years.
• He possesses the qualification prescribed for the post to which he is to be considered.
• Full fills prescribed attendance.

SEPARATIONS
Separation involves cessation of services of personnel from an organization. When people leave
the organization, Exit interviews are usually conducted to know the reasons for leaving. The
common reasons given are
 ALLOWANCES
• House rent allowance
• Washing allowance
• Uniform and stitching allowance

40
 • Night shift allowance
• Conveyance allowance
• Milk and vitamins allowances
• Flexibility allowance
• Quality certification allowance
• Direct production allowance

4.3 FINANCE DEPARTMENT OF HT-NUTRO BOILER SOUTH INDIAN PRIVATE

LIMITED
Finance is considered as the life blood of business. This is because in the modern money-
oriented economy, finance is one of the basic foundations of all kinds of economic activities.
Finance function may be defined as the procurement of funds and their effective utilization.

 RESPONSIBILITIES OF FINANCE DEPARTMENT

• The pricing department is responsible for the fixing of prices for sales of the vehicles
and for buying of raw materials and semi finished goods.
• Treasury section is responsible for all kinds of funding managements such as
investments.
• Taxation section is responsible for remittance of tax, filing of returns, handling of
litigations etc..,
• Costing and Budgeting department is responsible for the unit costing of each product
in particular, such as spare parts and a vehicle as whole.
• The FSG (Finance account Service Group) deals with the payables and receivables at
regional offices.
• The Explore finance department deals with the FSG exporting of items.

DEPARTMENTAL STRUCTURE

 ROLE OF FINANCE:
• Recorder (accounting) of all Financial Transactions
• Reporting of Financial Performance
• Arranging long and short term funds – Capital and Debt
41
 • Working Capital Management
• Compliance of tax and other corporate laws
• Risk Management
• Controllership function
• Audit coordination
• Investor Relations

 PROCESS & ACTIVITIES OF FINANCE

a)Financial Accounts
• Quarterly, Half-yearly and annual results published as per listing requirements Limited
Review / audit coordination.
• Annual Reports – Disclosures made are comprehensive; complied much before they
become mandatory
• Early completion of accounts, audit process; forefront in adherence to accounting
standards & other guidelines.
• Audit Committee – comprises of Stalwarts from the profession.
• Automation of processes
b) Financial Planning & Control
• Financial Planning includes estimating the amount of capital to be raised and laying down
the policies as to administration of the financial plan.
• Monthly MIS: Very Comprehensive with wider coverage and highly informative.
• Monthly review covers business volumes, market share, physical and financial
parameters including alerts on laggards, exceptions in all fronts.
• Exception reporting and Profit management measures form integral part of this process
c) Treasury Management
- Raising of Funds
- Funds Management
- Debt Servicing
- Risk Management
• Financial instruments for Funds raising would depend on end use of funds; de-risking is
an important consideration in deciding the instrument.
• Capex and long term working capital requirements are funded through share capital and
long-term debt.

42
 • Financial Instruments used include
- Long term funds: Shares, GDR, ECBs, Debentures, term loans etc.
-Short term Funds: Cash credit, Demand Loans, Commercial paper, FCNR, etc.
• Major funds raising in AL include GDR of US$134 Mn. in 1995 & ECB of US$315Mn
incl. US$ 200 Mn. in Dec 2007.
• Level of debt (Long-term): Rs. 2280.44 cr as on 31/3/10
• Banking relationships for working capital is managed through Consortium of banks
comprising of 14 banks – Fund based Rs.600 cr&Non-fund based Rs.750 cr.
• Funds Management includes managing collections and outflows and surplus/deficit
management. Closer working with Marketing and Units is vital.
• Surplus management includes investment in Fixed Deposits, Mutual Funds, etc., Direct
investment in equity avoided.
• Debt Servicing includes repayment of principal and payment of interest on due dates and
ensuring that commitments made are adhered to.
• Risk Management is vital since organization is exposed to both currency as well interest
rate risks. Risks offer both threats and opportunities (can increase income or reduce
expenditure). Results depend on how well they are managed.

d) Costing & Pricing

• Strategic pricing of products, quotes for various tenders.

• Special pricing for export contracts.
• Monitoring of cost of production of various models and for make or buy decisions
• Project / capex evaluations for optimization and for making commitment decisions
e) Taxation
• Compliance with Direct (Income Tax Act, Wealth Tax) & Indirect Taxes (Excise,
Customs, Service Tax, Sales tax etc).
• Tax planning is an important component of business decisions.
• Recent major developments include introduction of Service Tax legislation and VAT
across many States.
• Aligning the business process across the organization and maximizing the benefits
against such legislations is a major task handled by Finance.

43
 • Regular tasks include remittance of tax, filing of returns, handling of litigations etc.
f) Investor Relations
• In AL, Mutual Funds, FII etc.., hold 32% of shareholding besides public who hold 10%.
• FII & Mutual Funds represent investment community who track company’s performance
continuously very closely.
• Dissemination of data relating to company’s performance and developments very
important and sensitive.
• Handled through presentations in periodic investor meet, web-cast, tele-conferences,
individual meets, address in TV etc.
• Presentations made are hosted in company’s website

PLANNING & MANAGING CASH FLOWS

Planning cash flows
Rolling Quarterly cash forecast prepared and monitored weekly seeking
explanation for variance in order to control and direct operations.
2.Management of daily funds
• Collections from 49 locations pooled under cash management system in to centralized
accounts with consortium banks at Chennai.
• Various payments reported are collated and funded for in the various bank accounts
depending on the expected debits.
• Surplus for the day, if any, invested for tenor which is based on requirement of funds back
in to the system.
STRATEGIC GOALS
• Raise resources to the tune of roughly US$ 1.8 billion for funding expansion plans of AL,
Nissan and other JVs over the next 3 years
• Achieve optimum funding mix / restructuring of companies to minimize the cost of
raising of funds.
• Maximize tax efficiencies to improve cost competitiveness of products and improve
viability of projects.
• Make globalization a reality through acquisitions and setting up of new ventures abroad
by leveraging AL’s strengths.

44
 • Bench mark financial processes to the best in the world and improve the bar; maintain
high standards of financial discipline.
• Maintain excellent relations with international investor community through effective
communication for international offerings.

FINANCIAL CHALLENGES AHEAD

• Global slowdown challenging break even.
• Decrease in Margins due to inability to pass on cost increases due to competitive
pressures – partially compensated by increase in volumes.
• Profitability pressures due to changes in business mix and commodity price movements.
• Forex management – unforeseen volatility in major currencies; particularly important
with forex loans
• Supporting inorganic growth – evaluation & funding of emerging options.
• Need to fund major capex & investments – Rs.2400 cr in the next 3 years; major
investments in J

4.4 MARKETING DEPARTMENT

Marketing is concerned with the people and the activities involved in the flow of goods and
services from the producer to the consumer.
HT-NUTRO BOILER SOUTH INDIAN PRIVATE LIMITED has been offering world class
products to millions of customers to 40 countries across the world.
KEY ASPECTS OF APPROACH

SALES & SERVICE

MARKETING CUSTOMER SUPPORT

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ADVERTISING
The need for advertising was felt by HT-NUTRO BOILER SOUTH INDIAN PRIVATE
LIMITED in 2006-07 when they had to project the transformation that has occurred within HT-
NUTRO BOILER SOUTH INDIAN PRIVATE LIMITED but as yet not communicated to the
public. They came up with a product related Ad campaign and a Corporate campaign. Their aim
was to let their target audience perceive their brand as International, Innovative and Speedy,
which has always been their core brand value. At the All India PR awards 2007 conducted by the
Public
Relations Society of India (PRSI). HT-NUTRO BOILER SOUTH INDIAN PRIVATE
LIMITED won the second prize for their corporate campaign. They gave a prelude to the
campaign by exhibiting their product range and their field of pioneering.
This was followed by a three ad campaign.
Also a television commercial was aired in 2007. The commercial was made in two languages-
Hindi and Tamil. It was broadcast on mainline news channels for wider coverage. There were
translates placed at airports for greater visibility.

MARKETING PROCESS

DELIVERING
UNDERSTANDING
Sales
Service Customer /Markets
Network Planning Marketing Initiatives

46
 CUSTOMER

SUPPORTING

Parts
AMC
Used
Vehicles

MARKETING ENVIRONMENT
• Legislative changes related to commercial vehicles.
• Improving efficiency in railway operations.
• Customers demanding more from manufacturers.
• Service products becoming important buying decision.
• Entry of multi-national players.
• Higher growth rate in LCV segment.
• Directly competing with railways.
• Road vs Rail share stabilizing
• Shift towards Hub and Spoke model

BUSINESS INTEREST
• Medium & Heavy commercial vehicles.
• Defence
• Exports
• Industrial applications
• Spare parts
• Service products

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MARKETING STRATEGIES AND PLANS OF HT-NUTRO BOILER SOUTH INDIAN
PRIVATE LIMITED NEW PRODUCT LAUNCHES
The company is expected to launch a slew of new products in the markets which is expected
to propel the demand for its products.
INCREASING GLOBAL FOOTPRINT
The company is now targeting new strategic markets with increased thrust on the Asian and
African countries.
PLANS TO MEET THE GROWING NEEDS OF THE MARKET
The company is constantly reviewing their strategies. They are moving into higher value
added jobs because it becomes very important to engage workmen fully and also their
efficient utilization.

FACTORS AFFECTING GROWTH

• Infrastructure development
• Overall economic growth
• Restrictions on overloading
• Better operating economy of new trucks
• Restrictions on the age of vehicles
• Replacement demand due to changes in emission norms

HT-NUTRO BOILER SOUTH INDIAN PRIVATE LIMITED - DISTRIBUTION

NETWORK:

PLANT

MARKETING

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REGIONAL
CUSTOMER
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AT HT-NUTRO BOILER SOUTH INDIAN PRIVATE
LIMITED

Previously, a part of marketing communications, the department has come a long way. It came
into existence when the management realized the need for a media friendly department to
communicate with its external public. Also there was a need to communicate extensively to its
internal public.

INTERNAL COMMUNICATION
Employees form a vital part of any organization, thus it is required to establish and maintain
mutual understanding with them. This will help the organization to increase efficiency and
productivity in the long run. Continuous communication with the employees will facilitate the
organization to keep them updated on the current happenings. Downward Communication
 MD’s Letter
This letter is addressed to the internal public of the company by the Managing Director,
This letter is drafted by the Corporate Communications Department with inputs from the
MD and is circulated only internally once in three months.
 Managing director holds a meeting with the executives of the company every year in a 5-
Star Hotel
 Communication Meet
The communication meet is one of those events where the top management
communicates directly with various departments of the company. Here the top
management addresses the employees and makes a presentation which
discusses the future plan.
 Circulars.
 E-mail
 Telephone.
 Ashley News
Upward Communication
 AL PORTAL INTRANET-MD’s Portal

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 This link allows employees to post queries to the Managing Director. The MD
then goes through them and either replies to it or forwards it to a functional head.
A copy of the reply by the functional head is sent to the MD. Any employee can
ask any question related to the company and its functions.
 Soap box
It is a raised platform on which employees can give in suggestions and feed back such as
cost saving techniques, new technologies etc., and discuss over it. Any employee having
company’s e-mail id can access to this link through AL-Portal. Counselling
Informal communication
 Oral communication
 Improve
An annual companywide contest for employee team projects which gives them a
chance to think, innovate and improve. The teams are divided into Workmen,
open and Executive league. These teams compete under three different streams
based based on the theme of their project.
 AL-quiz
The main aim of the quiz is to inculcate the five values of Abigail Engineering Worksite)
International, Ethical, Speedy, Innovative and Value Creator among the employees.
EXTERNAL COMMUNICATION
External communication is the exchange of information and messages between an organization
and other organizations, groups, or individuals outside its formal structure. The goals of external
communication are to facilitate co-operation with groups such as suppliers, investors and
shareholders, and to present a favourable image of an organization and its products or services to
potential and actual customers and to society at large.

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 4.5 SALES DEPARTMENT

WORK PROFILE, ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF SALES DEPARTMENT

SALES MANAGER

 Conduct a meeting at sharp 9.30am, taking daily commitment(delivers{finance and ex-

warranty},new enquiry generation and booking)
 Taking knowledge of CRMDMS and operating system. Taking care daily enquiries and
opening the green forms Taking care of requirements of vehicles.
 Taking care of committed daily target.
 Arranging the weekly training according to the requirements of the sales executives.
 Planning for the demo camp and test drive camp every month 10to 22nd and execute them
successfully.
Submit report to AGM &HT-NUTRO BOILER SOUTH INDIAN PRIVATE
LIMITED (with necessary documents) of the demo camp after the event.
 Replaying to any mail or sending any mail has mark to AGM
 Vehicle allotment
 Keeping knowledge about competitive products, scheme and price.

1. SHOWROOM EXECUTIVE

 Attending the walk-in customers.

 Taking care of green forms of the prospective customers.
 Maintaining the showroom walk in & inquiry register.
 Taking care of water & tea for the customers.
 Guiding the customers to solve their quarries, & informing the responsible persons.
Taking care of the cleanness of showroom & display vehicles in showroom
2. SALES EXECUTIVE

 At morning, daily commitment of green & yellow forms & delivery

 Taking care of finance, insurance, warranty, commitments of relative customers.

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  Executive has to take care of customers before booking to hand over the final documents
to customers.
 Prior approval of SM before commitment Taking care of outdated (30days) green
forms.
 At evening, report of the morning commitments.
 Keeping knowledge about competitive products, scheme & price.

FINANCE MANAGER

 Providing the full information of finance scheme & finance documents to the customer
& charges of documents.
 Finance manager has take care all the financial issues (receipt, invoice, insurance copy
& key), it may be in house or non in house, bank.
 Taking care of the RO & finance amount.
 After receiving the payment by the financier arrange to send documents for financier
(finance company or bank).
 Replaying to any mail or sending any mail has to AGM

SALES SATISFICATION MANAGER

 Taking care of vehicle delivers in time.

 Making the available all the resources at the times of delivery.
 Before delivery checking the file of the customer & taking the signature of accountant,
sales manager, and assistant general manager on that file.
 Taking care of white forms, maintaining the quality of white form.
 Sending the photo & thanking letter to customer
BACK OFFICE

1. System operator

 Opening green and yellow forms in CRMDMS

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  Invoicing, sales certificate
 Taking care of our dated green & yellow form
 At the end of the day mailing the daily reports (stock, A/C, billing) to AGM.
 Taking care of the documents of TP.
 Replaying to any mail or sending any mail has mark to AGM.

2. System admin

 Sending daily enquiries reports to PCDB

 Taking care of punching of vehicles
 Checking the TML & TMLD payments
 Checking the mails & informing the concern person Taking care of mails
correspondence.
 Taking care of reports like rolling plan, activity plan, off take & retails, opening &
closing stock of the month.
 Taking care of connectivity of CRMDMS
 Providing the training & solving the problem of the CRMDMS Taking care of
computers of the organization.
 Replaying to any mail or sending any mail has mark to AGM.

3. Billing personal

 Taking care of back office work.

 File updating, maintaining the soft copy of customer data.
 Putting payments receipt in customer’s file.
 Taking care of extended warranty & sending payments in time according to global
administration commitments.
 Sending finance documents after receiving the payment from the financie
ACCESSORIES

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  Convincing the customers for accessories(sales and service) Taking care of FOC
accessories.
 Taking care of accessories bill before delivery of the vehicle
 Taking care stock report & daily reports.

Receptionist

 Inviting the customer who is coming in the showroom & introduce to concern person.
 Attending the call coming on board.
 Taking care of the couriers(sending & receiving) Attending the customers in
showroom.
 Taking care of the customer (water & tea)

ACCOUNTS

 A/C person should available in office hours in his cabin to collect the cash & raise a
receipt against it in CRMDMS.
 After cash receiving immediately raise a receipt in CRMDMS.
 Coordinating with finance manager regarding the finance payments & raising the
receipt in CRMDMS.
 Daily morning reporting with the A/C detail of TML & TMLD & details of booking
payments.
 Daily reporting dealer A/C online operated by customer or executive.
 Don’t accept out station cheque.
 Before delivery of vehicles check the payments details & sign on the customers file.

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4.5 PURCHASING DEPARTMENT INTRODUCTION:
Most major companies and even some government organizations have a purchasing or
procurement department as part of everyday operations. These departments provide a service that
is the backbone of many manufacturing, retail, military and other industrial organizations. Many
individuals, even some who work for these companies, are unaware of what the purchasing
department does, why it exists or what purposes it serves. To understand better what the role of
the purchasing department is, consider some functions it performs.
1. Small Business
2. Business Models & Organizational Structure
3. Organizations

What Are the Functions of a Purchasing Department in an Organization?

Most major companies and even some government organizations have a purchasing or
procurement department as part of everyday operations. These departments provide a service that
is the backbone of many manufacturing, retail, military and other industrial organizations. Many
individuals, even some who work for these companies, are unaware of what the purchasing
department does, why it exists or what purposes it serves. To understand better what the role of
the purchasing department is, consider some functions it performs.

Procuring Materials
One role of the purchasing department is to procure all necessary materials needed for
production or daily operation of the company or government organization. For a manufacturing
company, this might include raw materials such as iron, steel, aluminium or plastics, but it also
might include tools, machinery, delivery trucks or even the office supplies needed for the
secretaries and sales team. In a retail environment, the purchasing department makes sure there is
always sufficient product on the shelves or in the warehouses to keep the customers happy and
keep the store well-stocked. With a small business, it is especially important to keep inventory
ordering at a reasonable level; investing large amounts of capital in excess stock could result in
storage problems and in a shortage of capital for other expenditures such as advertising or
research and development. Purchasing also oversees all of the vendors that supply a company
with the items it needs to operate properly.

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Evaluating Price

A purchasing department also is charged with continuously evaluating whether it is

receiving these materials at the best possible price in order to maximize profitability. This can be
challenging for a small business that may purchase in lesser quantities than a larger vendor and
which thus may not receive the same type of bulk discounts. A purchasing department in a small
business needs to shop around to find the best vendors at the most reasonable prices for the
company's particular size orders. Purchasing department staff may communicate with alternate
vendors, negotiate better pricing for bulk orders or investigate the possibility of procuring
cheaper materials from alternative sources as part of their daily activities.

Accounting

Purchasing departments handle all of the paperwork involved with purchasing and
delivery of supplies and materials. Purchasing ensures timely delivery of materials from vendors,
generates and tracks purchase orders and works alongside the receiving department and the
accounts payable department to ensure that promised deliveries were received in full and are
being paid for on time. In a small business, this means working closely with the accounting
department to ensure that there is sufficient capital to buy the items purchased and that cash is
flowing smoothly and all payments are made on time.

Policy Compliance

The purchasing department also must ensure that it is complying with all company
policies. For example, in a small business, individual staff members may communicate with the
purchasing department about purchasing needs for things such as office supplies or computers.
Before making a purchase, the purchasing department must ensure that it heeds the proper

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protocols for purchase and budget approval and must ensure that any items are purchased in
accordance with the overall purchasing policy of the organization.
Global Vehicle & Power train Purchasing

Procures all components directly installed in vehicles and power trains manufactured in
HT-NUTRO BOILER SOUTH INDIAN PRIVATE LIMITED worldwide assembly and
power train facilities. We are responsible for key commercial relationships with a diverse
strategic supply base.

Indirect Purchasing
Responsible for the procurement of all goods and services not contained within the
vehicles and power trains we produce. The Indirect Purchasing team is responsible for
purchasing advertising programs, agency personnel, construction services, healthcare programs,
information technology services and equipment, plant machinery, equipment, material handling,
and transportation services.

Global Programs Purchasing

Provides the single point of contact between Global Commodity Purchasing and the
Vehicle Product Development product teams. We facilitate the timely sourcing in support of
vehicle and power train launches. In addition, the Purchasing Program team also supports the
cost target-setting processes, program sourcing strategy development and component delivery to
support pre- and post-mass production builds.

Supplier Technical Assistance

Provides technical expertise by partnering with buyers to select and develop the most
capable suppliers. We drive the highest quality and manufacturing capability to achieve world-
class customer satisfaction and safety in our vehicles and power trains.

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4.6 PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT

QUALITY MANAGEMENT

Unlike most manufacturing processes, production of wind turbines involves very little concern
with quality control. Because mass production of wind turbines is fairly new, no standards have
been set. Efforts are now being made in this area on the part of both the government and
manufacturers.

While wind turbines on duty are counted on to work 90 percent of the time, many structural
flaws are still encountered, particularly with the blades. Cracks sometimes appear soon after
manufacture. Mechanical failure because of alignment and assembly errors is common.
Electrical sensors frequently fail because of power surges. Non-hydraulic brakes tend to be
reliable, but hydraulic braking systems often cause problems. Plans are being developed to use
existing technology to solve these difficulties.

Wind turbines do have regular maintenance schedules in order to minimize failure. Every three
months they undergo inspection, and every six months a major maintenance checkup is
scheduled. This usually involves lubricating the moving parts and checking the oil level in the
gearbox. It is also possible for a worker to test the electrical system on site and note any
problems with the generator or hook-ups.

ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS AND DRAWBACKS

A wind turbine that produces electricity from inexhaustible winds creates no pollution. By
comparison, coal, oil, and natural gas produce one to two pounds of carbon dioxide (an emission
that contributes to the greenhouse effect and global warming) per kilowatt-hour produced. When
wind energy is used for electrical needs, dependence on fossil fuels for this purpose is reduced.
The current annual production of electricity by wind turbines (3.7 billion kilowatt-hours) is
equivalent to four million barrels of oil or one million tons of coal.

Wind turbines are not completely free of environmental drawbacks. Many people consider them
to be anaesthetics, especially when huge wind farms are built near pristine wilderness areas. Bird

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kills have been documented, and the whirring blades do produce quite a bit of noise. Efforts to
ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE ORGANIZATION

STRENGTHS

1. Good Training System.

2. Good Organizational Climate.
3. High Market Share
4. Skilled Employees
5. Standard Quality Product
WEAKNESSES

1. High price
2. Sales representatives are less
OPPORTUNITIES
1. Demand for heavy vehicle has stepped up all over the globe.
2. Company provides better credit facility to dealers.

THREATS

1. High competition
2. Promotional programmers of other brands
3. Complicated national market
4. New players entering the market.

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 5. FINDINGS & SUGGESTIONS

Followings are the followings and suggestions during the internship trainings

FINDING
 Company should improve its collections policy by improving credit terms and
policy.

 Company should make efforts to reduce its variable costs in order to earn more
profits margins in near futures.

 Company must purchase the material quickly so as to reduce cost of goods sold

 And company also needs to exercise control over its unnecessary administrative
and office expenses.

 Company talking care of working policy for workers policy for workers health
and their family.

 The employees are satisfied with current salary structure.

 Safety welfare measures are maintained in the company.

 The employees are satisfied with facilities of the company.

 The employees are satisfied with promotional activities.

 A majority of the employees are satisfied with safety measures offered in their
organization.

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  A majority of the employees are satisfied with the pension provided by the
organizations.
 A majority of the employees having less than one year experience.
 A majority of the employees are satisfied with promotions motivates them to
work.

 A majority of the employees are does not have any other source of income.

 A majority of employees are selected the job through direct interview.

SUGGESTIONS
 Can provide employee motivation program and other training for the
development towards profit making.

 The evaluation method must be implemented to concern trainee and trainer.

 The company can improve the extra wages for labours.

 The company should improve the training programs.

 The company can improve the maintenance of it is welfare facilities.

 The company should take steps to promote the products.

 The company can improve in marketing plan.

 The company should improve the infrastructure facilities.

 The company can advertise more.

 Organization should appreciation their workers, increment and bonus should

encourage the involvement of workers among their job. working conditions of
the work place should be convenient to the worker

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5.1 CONCLUSION

We have completed industrial training program in the “HT BOILER

SOUTHINDIAN PRIVATE LIMITED, CHENNAI”. From the institutional
training, we have concerns. During the period of training, the higher officers who
are working in the concern provided valuable information about administration, it
is very useful to us to start business or easily capture the job from this experience
in future. We have all the difficulties faced by the present employees and solvency
of the problems in the working environment from this company.

This training was a very good experience for us to watch closely what was really
happening in the real commercial world. It gives us a knowledge about how we
should equip ourselves to face real business. This one-month training at “HT
BOILLERSOUTH INDIAN PRIVATE LIMITED, CHENNAI” has taught
many aspects of business which will certainly help us to develop our career.

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