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Pol Theory Unit 3 Part 1 IN ENGLISH

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5 views17 pages

Pol Theory Unit 3 Part 1 IN ENGLISH

Uploaded by

Sagar Das
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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eklavyasnatak1
PROTECTIVE
DISCRIMINATION
Protective Discrimination and Principles of Fairness?

▪ Protective discrimination, also known as affirmative action or


positive discrimination, is a policy aimed at addressing historical
and systemic disadvantages faced by certain groups.

▪ The idea is to provide opportunities and support to those who


have been historically marginalized or discriminated against. While
the intention behind protective discrimination is to promote
fairness and equal opportunities, it can be a complex and debated
issue.
▪ From a fairness perspective, some argue that protective
discrimination is necessary to level the playing field and correct
past injustices.

▪ Others, however, contend that it may lead to reverse


discrimination, where individuals who do not belong to
historically disadvantaged groups may face disadvantages in
certain situations.
▪ Intentional Inclusion: Protective discrimination is designed with the explicit
goal of promoting the inclusion of underrepresented or historically
disadvantaged groups. This may include considerations in education,
employment, or other sectors.

▪ Quotas or Targets: Some affirmative action policies may involve setting


specific numerical goals or targets for the representation of certain groups.
For example, a university may aim to admit a certain percentage of students
from underrepresented backgrounds.

▪ Preferential Treatment: In some cases, individuals from underrepresented


groups may receive preferential treatment in the form of additional points in
college admissions, employment considerations, or other opportunities.
▪ Addressing Systemic Barriers: Protective discrimination is
often seen as a means to address the systemic barriers and
prejudices that certain groups face. It seeks to provide
opportunities that may have been historically denied to these
groups.

▪ Temporary Measures: Some affirmative action programs are


designed to be temporary measures, with the expectation that
they will be phased out once a more equitable playing field is
established.
▪ Legal Framework: In many countries, protective
discrimination is implemented through legal frameworks
and policies.

▪ These frameworks define the groups eligible for


protection and outline the measures that institutions
should take to promote inclusion.
In India, protective discrimination is often referred to as
positive discrimination or affirmative action. The aim is to
uplift historically marginalized and disadvantaged groups.
Here are some examples:

▪ Reservation in Education: The Indian government has


implemented reservation policies in educational
institutions to ensure that students from Scheduled
Castes (SC), Scheduled Tribes (ST), and Other Backward
Classes (OBC) have better access to education. A certain
percentage of seats in educational institutions, both
public and private, are reserved for these groups.

▪ Reservation in Government Jobs: Similar to education,


reservation policies are also in place for government jobs.
A percentage of job positions in public sector
organizations are reserved for SC, ST, and OBC
candidates.
▪ Special Provisions for Women: In
certain sectors, there are provisions
to promote the participation of
women. For example, reservations
for women in local government
bodies like Panchayats and
Municipalities aim to enhance their
representation in decision-making
processes.

▪ Land Reforms: In some states, land


reforms have been introduced to
distribute land among landless
farmers, with a focus on SCs and STs.
This is intended to address historical
inequalities in land ownership.
▪ Anti-discrimination Laws: India has enacted laws to
prevent discrimination against marginalized groups.
The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
(Prevention of Atrocities) Act is an example of
legislation aimed at protecting SCs and STs from
various forms of discrimination and violence.

▪ Financial Support and Subsidies: The government


provides financial support and subsidies for
entrepreneurship and economic activities among
marginalized groups. Various schemes and programs
aim to empower these communities economically.
▪ On the surface, protective discrimination might seem to go
against the idea of treating everyone equally.

▪ However, the goal is often to level the playing field for groups
that have historically faced disadvantages.

▪ So, while it may involve treating people differently, the


intention is to achieve a more equitable and fair outcome in the
long run. It's a nuanced debate, and perspectives can vary

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