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GENETIV

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63 views4 pages

GENETIV

Uploaded by

anushka.germanlanguage
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© © All Rights Reserved
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GENETIV

The genitive case (der Genitiv) is used to show possession or


relationships between things. It's like the English possessive form
(e.g., "the book of the teacher" or "the teacher's book").

1. Articles in the Genitive Case

The genitive case changes the definite and indefinite articles that
precede nouns. The articles vary based on gender (masculine,
feminine, neuter, plural) and number (singular, plural).

Definite Articles (The) in the Genitive Case:

| Gender/Number | Nominative | Genitive |


|---------------|------------|----------|
| Masculine | der | des |
| Feminine | die | der |
| Neuter | das | des |
| Plural | die | der |

- For masculine and neuter nouns, you also add an -s or -es to the
end of the noun in the genitive case.
- Example: des Mannes (of the man), des Kindes (of the child).
- Generally, add -es to one-syllable nouns (e.g., des Hundes), and -s
to multi-syllable nouns (e.g., des Lehrers).

Indefinite Articles (A/An) in the Genitive Case:

| Gender/Number | Nominative | Genitive |


|---------------|------------|----------|
| Masculine | ein | eines|
| Feminine | eine | einer|
| Neuter | ein | eines|
| Plural | (no article) | (no article) |

- As with definite articles, for masculine and neuter nouns, you need to
add -s or -es to the noun.

2. Usage of the Genitive Case

Possession
The most common use of the genitive case is to show possession,
similar to English's "apostrophe + s" (e.g., "Peter’s book").

Examples:
1. Das Auto des Lehrers (The teacher’s car)
- Explanation: The owner is "der Lehrer" (the teacher), so it changes
to "des Lehrers" in the genitive.

2. Das Buch der Frau (The woman’s book)


- Explanation: "die Frau" (the woman) changes to "der Frau" in the
genitive.

3. Das Haus des Kindes (The child’s house)


- Explanation: "das Kind" (the child) changes to "des Kindes" in the
genitive, and -es is added to the noun.

4. Das Spielzeug des Hundes (The dog’s toy)


- Explanation: "der Hund" (the dog) changes to "des Hundes" in the
genitive, and -es is added to the noun.

5. Die Farben der Blätter (The colors of the leaves)


- Explanation: "die Blätter" (the leaves) changes to "der Blätter" in
the genitive.

3. Exceptions and Alternatives

Use of "von" Instead of the Genitive


In spoken German, people often avoid the genitive case and use the
"von" construction instead, especially with personal names or in
everyday situations.

Examples:
1. Das Auto von dem Lehrer (The car of the teacher) – instead of "das
Auto des Lehrers".
2. Das Buch von der Frau (The book of the woman) – instead of "das
Buch der Frau".
3. Die Farben von den Blättern (The colors of the leaves) – instead of
"die Farben der Blätter".

4. Examples of Genitive Case with Articles

Definite Articles:
1. Das Auto des Lehrers (The teacher’s car) – masculine singular.
2. Die Tasche der Frau (The woman’s bag) – feminine singular.
3. Das Spielzeug des Kindes (The child’s toy) – neuter singular.
4. Die Türen des Hauses (The doors of the house) – neuter singular.
5. Die Farben der Blätter (The colors of the leaves) – plural.

Indefinite Articles:
1. Ein Buch eines Mannes (A book of a man) – masculine singular.
2. Ein Kleid einer Frau (A dress of a woman) – feminine singular.
3. Ein Spielzeug eines Kindes (A toy of a child) – neuter singular.
4. Eine Idee einer Freundin (An idea of a friend (female)) – feminine
singular.
5. Die Ideen eines Teams (The ideas of a team) – neuter singular.

Summary:
- The genitive case shows possession or relationships.
- Masculine and neuter nouns use "des" with -s or -es added to the
noun.
- Feminine and plural nouns use "der".

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