VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

JNANA SANGAMA, BELAGAVI – 590018

National Services Scheme[NSS](BNSK359)

Report on

“WATER CONSERVATION TECHNIQUES & ROLE OF STAKE

HOLDERS-IMPLEMENTATION”

Submitted by:
TECH WIZARDS

Under the Guidance of

Ms.Kavita.M.Garawad
Assistant Professor,
Dept. of ISE,
SKSVMACET, Lakshmeshwar.

Department of Information Science and Engineering

Smt. Kamala & Sri. Venkappa M. Agadi College of Engineering & Technology
Lakshmeshwar-582 116
2024-2025
 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING

Certificate
This it to certify that the consolidated report prepared as a part of the subject entitled

“National Service Scheme- BNSK459”

Is a bonafide work carried out by the Team : Tech Wizards in the partial fulfillment of
Bachelor of Engineering Degree prescribed by the VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL
UNIVERSITY–BELAGAVI for the 3rd semester Information Science and Engineering
during the year 2024-25. This report has been approved as it satisfies the academic
requirements in respect to the course work prescribed for the 3rd Semester Bachelor of
Engineering Degree.

…………………… ..………………

Signature of Mentor Signature of HOD

Ms.Kavita.G Dr.Rajshekar Kunabeva

…………………… ………………....

NSS Programme Officer Principal

Mr.Somashekhar C Kerimani Dr.Parshuram Barki

 GROUP NAME : TECH WIZARDS

STUDENT LIST

Sl.No USN NAME SIGNATURE

1 2KA23IS031 POOJA.JOLAD

2 2KA23IS032 PRAJWAL.BUDIHAL

3 2KA23IS033 PRAJWAL.KADADI

4 2KA23IS034 PRAJWAL.ANGADI

5 2KA23IS035 PRIYANKA.TURAKANI

6 2KA23IS036 RADHA.SADAR

7 2KA23IS037 RAJESHWARI.SHIVALIMATH

8 2KA23IS038 RENUKA.KAMAJI

9 2KA23IS039 SACHIN.ALAVUNDI

10 2KA23IS040 SAHANA.PATIL
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The satisfaction and euphoria that accompany the successful completion of any
task would be incomplete without the mention of people who made it possible,
whose constant guidance and encouragement crowned out efforts with success.
We would like to take this opportunity to thank our course instructor Ms.
Kavita G, Assistant Professor, Department of Information Science And
Engineering, without her immense guidance and support the work would have
been unthinkable. We express our deep sense of gratitude to our HOD Dr.
Rajshekar Kunabeva, Department of Information Science and Engineering,
for his unstinted support. We extend our gratitude to our beloved Principal Dr.
Parashuram Baraki for their generous support in all regards. We extend our
heartfelt thanks to NSS Programme Officer Mr. S. C. Kerimani, Ms. Kavita
G, Assistant Professor and all the faculty members, teaching and non - teaching
staff of department of Information Science and Engineering, SKSVMACET,
Lakshmeshwar who have helped us directly or indirectly. We are very much
indebted to our parents and friends for their unquestioning best cooperation and
help.
TEAM MEMBERS

1. POOJA.JOLAD - 2KA23IS031
2. PRAJWAL.BUDIHAL - 2KA23IS032
3. PRAJWAL.KADADI - 2KA23IS033
4. PRAJWAL.ANGADI - 2KA23IS034
5. PRIYANKA.TURAKANI - 2KA23IS035
6. RADHA.SADAR - 2KA23IS036
7. RAJESHWARI.SHIVALIMATH 2KA23IS037
8. RENUKA.KAMAJI - 2KA23IS038
9. SACHIN.ALAVUNDI - 2KA23IS039
10. SAHANA.PATIL - 2KA23IS040
 CONTENTS

SL.NO. TITLE

1 Introduction

2 Aims

3 Methods

4 Types & Techniques

5 Challenges

6 Benefits

7 Importance

8 Outcomes & Objectives

9 Role Of Stakeholders

10 Conclusion

11 Photos
INTRODUCTION TO THE COURSE
“National Services Scheme – BNSK359”
Course objectives :
National Services Scheme (NSS) will enable the students to :
1.Understand the community in general in which they work.

2.Identify the needs and problems of the community and involve them in problem – solving.

3.Develop among themselves a sense of social & civic responsibility & utilize their
knowledge in finding practical solutions to individual and community problems.

4.Develop competence required for group-living and sharing of responsibilities & gain skills
in mobilizing community participation to acquire leadership qualities and democratic
attitudes .

5.Develop capacity to meet emergencies and natural disasters & practice national integration
and social harmony in general.

Course Outcomes :
At the end of the course ,the student will be able to :

CO1 : Understand the importance of his / her responsibilities towards society .

CO2 : Analyse the environmental and societal problems / issues and will be able to design
solutions for the same .

CO3 : Evaluate the existing system and to propose practical solutions for the same for
sustainable development.

CO4 : Implement government or self-driven projects effectively in the field.

CO5 : Develop capacity to ,meet emergencies and natural disasters & practice national
integration and social harmony in general
WATER CONSERVATION TECHIQUES & ROLE OF
STAKEHOLDERS-IMPLEMENTATION

1.1 INTRODUCTION
Water conservation aims to sustainably manage the natural re source of fresh water
, protect the hydrosphere , and meet current future human demand. Water conservation makes
it possible to avoid water scarcity . It covers all the polices , startagies and activities to reach
these aims. Population , household size and growth and affluence all affect how much is used.
Better water conservation and management has economic benefits and helps protect the
environment.The more water you use , the more you pay for water and sewer service on a
muncipal water and sewer system. Excessive water use can overload both individual septic
systems and muncipal sewer systems , thereby resulting in untreated sewage contamination of
fresh water supplies.Water conservation can extend the useful life of both community and
individual household sewer systems .Excessive withdraws of ground water can lead to salt
water intrusion , a suitable environmental impact with long-lasting effects.

1.2 Aims
The Aims of water conservation efforts include :
With less than 1% of the worlds water begin freshwater , one aim is ensuring the availability
of water for future generations where the withdrawal of fresh water from an ecosystem does
not exceed its natural replacement rate.

Energy conservation as water pumping , delivery ,and waste water treatment facilities
consume a significant amount of energy . In some regions of the world , over 15% of the total
electricity consumption is devoted to water management.

Habitat conservation where minimizing human water usage helps to preserve freshwater
habitats for local wildlife and migrating waterflow , but also water quality.
1.3 Methods of conserving water
Every drop of water counts , so make sure you are not wasting clean drinking water and you
are not leaving any running tap. Remember to use only the amount you actually need and not
wasting the water unnecessarily. It has been found beneficial to form a group of waste-
conscious people at school , collage or society level and encourage your friends and
neighbours to be part of this group . Promote water consevation in community newsletters
and on bulletin boards . Encourage your friends , neighbours and co-workers to also
contribute .Plant more and more trees to increase transplantation .Encourage rainwater
harvesting at the community level as well as muncipal level .Do not leave the tap running
while you are brushing your teeth or soaping your face .While watering your lawns do not
waste water and use only the amount that is required .
1.4 Types and Techniques
 Rainwater Harvesting :- Rainwater harvesting systems Can vary from the basics
small ones , like the attachment of a water but to a rain water down-pipe , to the
complexly designed large ones like those which collect rainwater from large area and
serve momentous Numbers of properties . It comes to domestic purposes, these
systems are relevant to both commertial and domestic properties . When collected ,
rainwater can be used for garden irrigation , toilet flushing and even in washing
machines.

 Efficient Irrigation Technology :-Beautiful lawns and gardens demand a

significant amount of Water for its maintenance . In addition to indoor fixtures ,
efficient outdoor irrigation technologies like smart irrigation controllers can help to
save a lot of water .These controllers can effictively track factors like precipitations
.In addition or temperature and avoid over-watering the properties landscaping or
plantations . In addition to smart irrigation contrllers , one can save even more by
 trading out spary sprinklers for drip irrigation .These sprinkles can deliver water to
yourplants directly as these can be buried under the lawn.

 Greywater Recycling Systems :-The water used in most building structures is

thought of interms of clear clean water coming In and sewage or black water going
out . However , grey water is something that is in between that . In the domestic
setting ,grey water systems collect water from sources like baths, hand basins ,and
showers .This collected water is reused for washing machines, toilets flushing ,and
other external usages . The main idea behind grey water recovery is simply getting the
most out of the water through its efficient reuse.plants directly as these can be buried
under the lawn.

 Water Meter :-Water metering is a common term used by people when the
discussion is around water conservation Techniques . Water metering in simple terms
is the process of measuring the water use in each residential apartmet . Water meter
are installed in each home of an apartment and these metersrecord the amount of the
water being used in a home for billing purpose or tracking consumption.
 Pressure Reducing Valves :-High Water pressures waste a lot of water. Installing
water pressure reducing valves turnout to be one great solution . These valves are can
be used in residential , commertial and institutional applications to lessen the
incoming water pressure to a lower predetermined level , in this way , it protects the
downstream plumbing system components as well as reduces the water consumption

 Insulated Pipes :-Insulating all piping & Storage tanks are important for any
domesyic hot water system today . Sadly , in most of the buildings , hot water return
pipes are uninsulated or not insulated correctly . As result , When hot water is needed,
the user needs to wait at faucets or showers for the hot water to flow.This can result in
significant wastage of water.
 Efficient Taps :-Water efficient taps work in two ways, they can either reduce the
water flow rate through the tap or they can support the user to avoid wastage of water
by automatically turning it off . These days sensor taps can be seen in almost every
shopping mall or airports , these automatically sense the user’s activity based on
which is supplies or turns off the water flow using infrared sensors.

 Dry Farming :-Dry farming is a method of growing crops without recycling on

regular irrigation or abundant rainfall .Insted, farmers use techniques that make the
most of the limited water available in arid or semi-arid regions . This involves
selecting drought-rsrstant crops , using soil conservation practices , & relying on
natural rainfall to sustain the crops
1.5 Challenges to Water Conservation In Farming
Water conservation during farming is an essential ecologica; practice that needs to be
efficiently managed. Water conservation faces several challenges. These challenges include
the relationship b/w water rsource and grain-production arrangement .However there are
certain challenges that a farmer might face while conserving water whie farming .

Changes like :-Climate change, Depleting ground water, Water pollution, ,High water
demand, Traditional Irrigation Practices, Lack of Infracture ,Climate Varibility.

Increasingly erratic weather patterns due to climate change can lead to unpredictable rainfall ,
droughts or floods , affecting water availability and complicating water management .

 Climate Constraints
 Policy and Governance
 Education & Awarness
 Water Quallity Concerns
 Agricultural Water Use
 Water Infrastructure
 Lack of Awarness & Education
 Technological & Financial Barriers
 Behavioural Change
 Infrastructure
 Economic Incentives
 Policy & Regulation
1.6 Benefits Of Water Conservation Methods In Farming
Water conservation in farming plays a pivotal role in sustainable resource management , safe
guarding the longevity of water supplies for future generations . By adopting efficient water
use startegies , farmers can save money by cutting down on irrigation and energy costs. This
not only benefits individual farmers but also contributes to the over all economics
sustainability of agricultural practuices . Moreover , the implementation of water
conservation measures enhances the climate resilience of agricultural systems .

 Environmental Protection
 Improvement In Crop Yield
 Preservation Of Freshwater Resources
 Improved Water Quality

1.7 Importance Of Water Conservation Methods In Farming

The importance of Water conservation Methods in Farming is provided below :

Conserving water in farming practices ensures the sustainability of a agriculture by

preserving water resources for future generations . Water conservation promotes efficient use
of resources, By optimising irrigation methods and reducing water wastage. Efficient water
management reduces the cost of water acquistion & irrigation for farmers , by using water
wisely ,farmers can enhance their economic viability .

Water conservation in farming helps preserve natural water ecosystems .,Over extraction
of water for agriculture can lead to the deplition of rivers , lakes, & aquifers , negetively
impacting aquatic ecosystems and biodiversity.

1.8 OutComes And Objectives

OutComes :
Water conservation is a big thing and involves using water sources judiciously , but every
little bit helps , every drop that you save counts so don’t think that what you do doesn’t
matter. A Whole lot of people doing a little bit adds up to a big total. We must all make some
little changes in our lifestyles that will change the course of water . It takes just a small
amount of motivation and willingness to bring about a change ehich brings in some great
results and a huge amount of satisfaction. Water conservation needs to be a way of life , not
just something we think about once in a while . If we all do our part in conservating water ,
we can make a huge difference.
Objectives :
The Objectives of a successful water management startegy is to ensure the availability of
sufficient water of adequate qualiity to cover all water needs , including drinking , sanitation ,
agriculture & ancillary food production , energy generation , inland water transport,etc…
Climate change and other factors have increased pressure on natural water resources. This is
especially the case in manufacturing & agriculture irrigation . Many countries have
successfully implemented policies to conserve water conservation

ROLE OF STAKEHOLDERS IN WATER CONSERVATION

 Government Agencies
Develop and enforce water conservation policies , regulations and laws. Provide funding &
resources for water-saving initiatives & projects. Educate the public about water conservation
importance through awarness campaigns . Encourage water-efficient practices in government
buildings and operations .Support research and development of new water saving
technologies .Collaborate with other stakeholders to develop water conservation plans and
startegies .

 Water Utilities
Implement water-saving technologies and practices in water treatment and distribution
systems .Promote water efficiency programs to customers , such as rebates and incentives
.Monitor and report water usage data to identify areas for improvement .Develop water
conservation plans and strategies . Educate customers about water-saving practices and
technologies .

 Farmers and Agriculture Industry

Implement water-efficient irrigation systems and practies ,such as drip irrigation and crop
rotation .Use drough-resistant crops and soil conservation methods .Participate in water
conservation programs and initiatives , such as water-saving technologies and practices
.Implement water harvesting and storage systems .Promote water conservation amoung
farming communities

 Businesses and Industry

Implement water-saving measures in operations and production processes .Invest in water-
efficient technologies & practices , such as water recycling & reuse . Promote water
conservation among employees & customers .Develop water conservation plans and
startegies .Support water conservation initiatives and projects Communities and
IndividualsAdopt water-saving habits andpractices in daily life , such as fixing leaks and
using water efficient appliances .Instal water-efficient appliances and fixtures , such as low-
flow toilets and showerheads .Participate in community water conservation programs and
initiatives .Educate friends and family about water conservation importance . Support water
conservation policies and initiatives

 NGO’s + Collaboration & Engagement

Raise awareness about water conservation importance through campaigns and events
.Advocate for water conservation policieas and regulations .Stakeholders should collabrate
and engage with each other to :

Share knowledge & best practices .Develop joint water conservation initiatives . Support
water conservation policies and programs .Educate and raise awarness about water
conservation impoprtance .Develop water conservation plans and startegies .# By working
together , stakeholders can effectively promote water conservation and ensure a sustainable
water future .

Implementation of water conservation startegies requires

o Collaboration : Stakeholders must work together to share knowledge , resources &

best practices .
o Education & Awarness : Educating the public about the importance of water
conservation &promoting water-saving practices .
o Policy & regulation : Implementing & enforcing water conservation policies &
regulations .
o Technological Innovation: Adopting water-saving technologies & practices .
o Community Engagement : Encouraging community involvement in water
conservation efforts .
o Monitoring & Evalution: Regularly monitoring & evaluating water conservation
efforts to identify areas for improvement

By working together & implementing these startegies , we can :

Reduce water waste & scarcity . Protect aquatic ecosystems .Support economic growth &
development .Ensure a sustainable water future for generations to come .
1.9 CONCLUSION
Water conservation is a critical aspect of ensuring a sustainable future for our planet . The
role of stakeholders , including government agencies , water utilities , farmers ,businesses ,
communities & individuals , is crutial in implementing effective water conservation measures
.Water conservation is a critical impperative for a sustainable future , and its success hinges
on the collaborative efforts of diverse stakeholders . Government agencies , water utilities ,
farmers , businesses , communities & individuals must work together to implement effective
startegies that promote water efficiency , reduce waste & protect aquatic ecosystems . By
leveraging education & awarness , policy & regulation , technological inovation , community
engagement & monitoring & evalution , we can ensure a water –secure future that supports
economic growth , social well-begin , and environmental health . Through collective action
and a shared commitment to water conservation , we can mitigate the global water crisis and
create a more sustainable world for generations to come

1.10 PLACE VISITED :

Magdi , Karnataka , India

Magadi Conservation Reserve

Karnataka 582117 , India

Lat-15.219916 Long-75.5132294

Date:05/11/24
1.11 PHOTOS