Addressing: Elements of Addressing

602 602.1.3

602 Addressing

Overview 1.0 Elements of Addressing

2.0 Restrictions
3.0 Use of Alternative Addressing
4.0 Detached Address Labels (DALs) and Detached Marketing Labels
(DMLs)
5.0 Move Update Standards
6.0 ZIP Code Accuracy Standards
7.0 Carrier Route Accuracy Standard
8.0 Presort Accuracy Validation and Evaluation (PAVE)
9.0 Coding Accuracy Support System (CASS)
10.0 Dual Shipping Labels
11.0 Commercial Plus One Mailpieces

1.0 Elements of Addressing

1.1 Clear Space
A clear space must be available on all mail for the address, postage (permit
imprint, postage stamp, or meter stamp), postmarks, and postal endorsements.

1.2 Delivery Address

The delivery address specifies the location to which USPS is to deliver a
mailpiece. Except for mail prepared with detached address labels under 4.0, the
piece must have the address of the intended recipient, visible and legible, only
on the side of the piece bearing postage.

1.3 Address Elements

All mail not bearing a simplified address must bear a delivery address that
contains at least the following elements in this order from the top line:
a. Intended recipient’s name or other identification.
b. Private mailbox designator (“PMB” or alternative “#”) and number if the
mailpiece is addressed to a commercial mail receiving agency (CMRA)
address.
c. Street and number. (Include the apartment number, or use the Post Office
box number, or general delivery, or rural route or highway contract route
designation and box number, as applicable.)
d. City and state (or state abbreviation). The city is any acceptable mailing
name for the 5-digit ZIP Code serving the intended recipient as shown in the
USPS City State Product.

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Addressing: Elements of Addressing

602.1.4

e. ZIP Codes are required on Priority Mail Express, commercial First-Class

Mail, Periodicals, USPS Marketing Mail, Package Services and Parcel Select
mailpieces, all mail sent to military addresses within the United States and
to APO and FPO addresses, official mail, Business Reply Mail, and USPS
Returns service packages.

1.4 Complete Addresses

1.4.1 Complete Address Definition

A complete address has all the address elements necessary to allow an exact
match with the current USPS ZIP+4 Product to obtain the finest level of ZIP+4
code for the delivery address. A complete address may be required on mail at
some automation prices.

1.4.2 Complete Address Elements

A complete delivery address includes:
a. Addressee name or other identifier and/or firm name where applicable.
b. Private mail box designator and number (PMB 300 or #300).
c. Urbanization name (Puerto Rico only, ZIP Code prefixes 006 to 009, if area is
so designated).
d. Street number and name (including predirectional, suffix, and postdirectional
as shown in USPS ZIP+4 Product for the delivery address or rural route and
box number (RR 5 BOX 10), highway contract route and box number (HC 4
BOX 45), or Post Office box number (PO BOX 458), as shown in USPS
ZIP+4 Product for the delivery address). (“PO Box” is used incorrectly if
preceding a private box number, e.g., a college mailroom.)
e. Secondary address unit designator and number (such as an apartment or
suite number (APT 202, STE 100)).
f. City and state (or authorized two-letter state abbreviation). Use only city
names and city and state name abbreviations as shown in USPS City State
Product. Contact the National Customer Support Center (see 509.1.0) for
more information about the City State Product.
g. Correct 5-digit ZIP Code or ZIP+4 code. If a firm name is assigned a unique
ZIP+4 code in the USPS ZIP+4 Product, the unique ZIP+4 code must be
used in the delivery address.

1.5 Return Addresses

1.5.1 Purpose for Return Address

The return address tells USPS where the sender of a mailpiece wants it returned
if the piece cannot be delivered.

1.5.2 Return Address Elements

The return address contains elements corresponding to those for the delivery
address. A return address is required in specific circumstances (see 1.5.3). If the
sender’s name is not included in the return address, another clear designation
(apartment, suite, or room number) is required to ensure proper handling of
ancillary services and/or return of the piece. ZIP Codes (5-digit or ZIP+4) are

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Addressing: Elements of Addressing
602 602.1.5.5

required in the return address of all mail on which postage is paid with
precanceled stamps or company permit imprint, and in the sender’s return
address on Periodicals mail when “Address Service Requested” is specified.
Official mail (penalty mail) also requires a ZIP Code in the return address.

1.5.3 Required Use of Return Addresses

The sender’s domestic return address must appear legibly on:
a. Mail of any class bearing a printed ancillary service request or an ancillary
service request embedded within an Intelligent Mail barcode.
b. Official mail.
c. Mail paid with precanceled stamps (except USPS Marketing Mail pieces
weighing 13 ounces or less and bearing a mailer's postmark in accordance
with 604.3.4).
d. Matter bearing a company permit imprint.
e. Priority Mail.
f. Periodicals in envelopes or opaque wrappers.
g. USPS Ground Advantage – Retail and USPS Ground Advantage –
Commercial.
h. Package Services (except unendorsed Bound Printed Matter).
i. Parcel Select.
j. Registered Mail.
k. Insured mail.
l. Collect on delivery (COD) mail.
m. Certified Mail if a return receipt is requested.
n. Priority Mail Express.
o. Detached address labels (DALs) and detached marketing labels (DMLs).
p. Adult Signature.
q. USPS Returns service.
r. All packaging containing hazardous, restricted, or perishable mail in
accordance with Publication 52, Hazardous, Restricted, and Perishable Mail
(221.11).

1.5.4 Use of Foreign Return Addresses

[4-1-24] When U.S. postage is applied to a domestic mailpiece, as defined under
608.2.1 and 608.2.2, only a domestic return address is authorized. An
undeliverable domestic mailpiece bearing a foreign return address cannot be
returned to sender and will be handled as dead mail under 507.1.9.

1.5.5 Postmark
An endorsement directing return to point of mailing (postmark) is not honored.

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Addressing: Elements of Addressing

602.1.6

1.6 Ancillary Services

USPS uses the return address to provide ancillary services requested by the
mailer (e.g., “Return Service Requested”). The return address on any mailpiece
endorsed for an ancillary service must identify where the piece is to be returned
and where the mailer is prepared to pay applicable postage and fees for pieces
returned or for ancillary service provided at the mailer’s request. A domestic
return address must be placed in the upper left corner of the address side of the
piece or the upper left corner of the addressing area.

1.7 Attachment of Different Class

If the names and addresses of the sender and intended recipient do not appear
on both the host and attachment, the sender’s name and address must be
placed on one piece and the recipient’s name and address on the other.
Combination containers that have inseparable parts or compartments are
mailable with the names and addresses on only one.

1.8 ZIP Codes

1.8.1 Purpose of ZIP Code

The ZIP (Zone Improvement Plan) Code system is a numbered coding system
that facilitates efficient mail processing. The USPS assigns ZIP Codes. All Post
Offices are assigned at least one unique 5-digit ZIP Code. Larger Post Offices
may be assigned two or more 5-digit ZIP Codes (multi-5-digit ZIP Code offices).
Separate 5-digit ZIP Codes are assigned to each delivery unit at these offices.

1.8.2 ZIP+4 - A Complete ZIP Code

The most complete ZIP Code is a nine-digit number consisting of five digits, a
hyphen, and four digits, which the USPS describes by its trademark ZIP+4. The
correct format for a numeric ZIP+4 code is five digits, a hyphen, and four digits.
The first five digits represent the 5-digit ZIP Code; the sixth and seventh digits
(the first two after the hyphen) identify an area known as a sector; the eighth and
ninth digits identify a smaller area known as a segment. Together, the final four
digits identify geographic units such as a side of a street between intersections,
both sides of a street between intersections, a building, a floor or group of floors
in a building, a firm within a building, a span of boxes on a rural route, or a group
of Post Office boxes to which a single USPS employee makes delivery.

1.8.3 Numeric Delivery Point Barcode

A numeric equivalent of a delivery point barcode (DPBC) consists of five digits
followed by a hyphen and seven digits as specified in 204.1.2.2. The numeric
equivalent is formed by adding three digits directly after the ZIP+4 code.

1.9 Additional Addressing Standards by Class

Basic addressing standards are in the Prices and Eligibility section for each class
of mail.

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Addressing: Restrictions
602 602.3.1.2

2.0 Restrictions
2.1 Dual Address
Mail with a dual address (both a street address and a Post Office box number) is
delivered to the address immediately above the city and state (or to the Post
Office box if both the street address and Post Office box are on the same line). If
a ZIP+4 code or 5-digit ZIP Code is used, it must correspond to the address
element immediately above the city and state (or with the Post Office box
number in the address if both the street address and Post Office box are on the
same line). These restrictions also apply to return addresses on mail (for more
information, see Publication 28, Postal Addressing Standards).

2.2 More Than One Post Office

Mail with the name of more than one Post Office in the delivery address or return
address is not acceptable for mailing.

2.3 Mail Addressed to CMRAs

Mail sent to an addressee at a commercial mail receiving agency (CMRA) must
be addressed to their private mailbox (“PMB” or “#”) number at the CMRA
mailing address.

3.0 Use of Alternative Addressing

3.1 General Information

3.1.1 Use
Alternative addressing formats may be used as described in 3.2 through 3.4.

3.1.2 Prohibited Use

Alternative addressing formats may not be used on:
a. Priority Mail Express pieces.
b. Mail with any ancillary service endorsement under 507.1.1 through 507.1.8,
except as allowed for First-Class Mail, USPS Ground Advantage –
Commercial parcels, or Priority Mail under 507.1.5.1b.
c. Periodicals intended to count as subscriber or requester copies to meet the
applicable circulation standards.
d. Mail addressed to an overseas military Post Office under 703.2.2.
e. Mail with the following extra services:
1. Registered Mail.
2. Certified Mail.
3. Insured mail.
4. Return receipt.
5. Restricted delivery.
6. Signature Confirmation.
7. Collect on delivery (COD).
8. Adult Signature.

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Addressing: Use of Alternative Addressing

602.3.1.3

3.1.3 Treatment
Mail with an occupant or an exceptional address format is delivered as
addressed and is not forwarded. Such mail is treated as undeliverable only when
the address is incorrect or incomplete or when the mail cannot be delivered for
another reason related solely to the address (e.g., a vacant building), as shown in
Exhibit 507.1.4.1. Periodicals publishers are notified when a mailpiece with an
occupant or exceptional address format is undeliverable for solely
address-related reasons (except publishers using an IMb with proper STID on
non-subscriber or non-requester copies as stipulated under 207.7.0). Mail with a
simplified address format is distributed to all deliveries on a route or to Post
Office boxholders. Undeliverable mail with any alternative addressing format is
disposed of as waste under 507.1.9.1, except for First-Class Mail, USPS Ground
Advantage – Commercial parcels, and Priority Mail under 507.1.5.1b.

3.2 Simplified Address

3.2.1 Conditions for General Use

The following conditions must be met when using a simplified address on
commercial mailpieces:
a. The simplified address format (“Postal Customer” or one of the optional
formats in 3.2.1a1 through 3.2.1a3) must be used on mail when complete
distribution is made to each family (household residence) or boxholder on a
rural or highway contract route, and to Post Office boxes in offices without
city carrier service. The following also apply:
1. Mailers may use a more specific address, such as “Rural Route
Boxholder,” for mail intended to all boxholders on a rural route,
followed by the name of the Post Office and state.
2. Mailers may use “Residential Customer” to indicate that delivery is
desired to residential addresses only.
3. Use of the word “Local,” instead of the Post Office and state name, is
optional; however the Postal Service recommends using the Post
Office, state and ZIP Code for mail not dropshipped directly to a
destination delivery unit.
4. See 3.2.2 for governmental mail and 703.6.0 for Congressional mail.
b. [11-4-24][7-14-24] USPS Marketing Mail, Periodicals, and Bound Printed
Matter flat-size mailpieces (including USPS Marketing Mail pieces allowed as
flats under 3.2.1c), and Periodicals nonstandard parcels for distribution to a
city route or to Post Office boxes in offices with city carrier service may bear a
simplified address, but only when complete distribution is made under the
following conditions:
1. Mailers must use the simplified address “Postal Customer” when
complete distribution is intended to all active deliveries (residential and
business) on any designated city route.
2. Mailers may use a more specific address, such as “PO Boxholder”
when delivery is intended to all active Post Office boxes.

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602 602.3.2.3

3. Mailers may use “Residential Customer” to indicate that delivery is

intended only to all active residential deliveries.
4. When preparing mail to routes with 100 percent business deliveries,
mailers may use “Business Customer” to indicate that delivery is
intended to all active business deliveries.
5. [11-4-24] Using the word "Local," or the Post Office and state name, is
optional; however, the Postal Service recommends using the Post
Office, state and ZIP Code for mail not entered at or dropshipped
directly to a destination delivery unit.
6. See 3.2.2 for governmental mail and 703.6.0 for Congressional mail.
c. USPS Marketing Mail flats with simplified addresses must have one
dimension larger than a letter-size maximum dimension, except under
201.5.2.2. Simplified addressed pieces, when mailed under conditions in
201.5.2.2, are considered to be saturation flats. See 243.6.7 for pricing
eligibility. Letter-size pieces that meet the size standards in 201.5.2.2 and
that are addressed to rural routes may be mailed as letters or flats with
simplified addresses at the mailer's option.

3.2.2 Use—Governmental Mailers

When distribution is to be made to each active possible delivery on city carrier
routes or to each Post Office boxholder at a Post Office with city carrier service,
the addressee’s name; mailing address; and city, state, and ZIP Code may be
omitted from the address only on pieces mailed as official matter by agencies of
the federal government (including mail with the congressional frank prepared
under 703.6.0); any state, county, or municipal government; and the
governments of the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and
any U.S. territory or possession listed in 608.2.0. The requirement for distribution
to each stop or Post Office boxholder may be modified for congressional mail
under 703.6.0. The following also applies:
a. Only these forms of address may be used instead of the addressee’s name
and address:
1. “Postal Customer” (delivery desired at all addresses).
2. “Residential Customer” (delivery desired at residential addresses only).
3. “Business Customer” (delivery desired at business addresses only).
b. At least 10 days before the mailing date, the mailer must submit a sample
mailpiece and the following information to the entry office postmaster (in
response, the mailer receives a mailing schedule that must be followed):
1. Proposed mailing date.
2. Total number of pieces being mailed.
3. Method of postage payment.
4. Names of all city delivery Post Offices to receive any of the mailing and
the number of pieces for each.

3.2.3 Mail Preparation

[11-4-24] The following apply:

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Addressing: Use of Alternative Addressing

602.3.2.4

a. Mailers must do the following:

1. Prepare letter-size pieces in trays.
2. Prepare flat-size pieces in carrier-route bundles in sacks, flat trays, or
directly on pallets.
3. Prepare nonstandard parcels in carrier-route bundles in sacks or
directly on pallets.
4. Mark pieces according to 102 or 202.
5. Prepare all pieces for the same carrier route in bundles of 50, so far as
practicable. If the pieces are bundled in quantities other than 50,
mailers must show the actual number of pieces on the facing slip or on
the top piece of the bundle.
6. Include enough pieces to cover the routes selected if selective
distribution is desired.
b. Bundles, sacks, or trays may be placed on the following pallets under
705.8.10:
1. SCF;
2. 3-digit;
3. 5-digit; or
4. 5-digit scheme.
c. In addition to the required simplified address, each bundle must bear a
facing slip showing the desired distribution (for example, 5-digit ZIP Code
and route number), or the top piece of each bundle must include the route
number and ZIP Code.
d. Mailers may obtain delivery statistics for routes as described in 509.1.0.
e. All pieces must be in the same processing category.

3.2.4 Postage
Postage must be paid with permit imprint, meter indicia, precanceled stamps, or
other authorized methods not requiring cancellation, according to the standards
for the class of mail. Postage for pieces mailed as EDDM-Retail flats must be as
described in 144.

3.2.5 Address Designation

Only the address designations in 3.2.1 or 3.2.2 may be used. Other designations
(e.g., “Food Buyer,” “Voter”) are not permitted.

3.3 Occupant Address

3.3.1 Use of Occupant Address

The occupant address format (“Postal Customer” or “Occupant,”
“Householder,” or “Resident”) may be used to address mail selectively to a rural
route and box number, a specific street number, or a specific Post Office box
number without using the addressee’s name:

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Addressing: Detached Address Labels
602 602.4.1.4

Example
POSTAL CUSTOMER
2711 ORDWAY ST NW APT 204
WASHINGTON DC 20008-5036

3.4 Exceptional Address

3.4.1 Use of Exceptional Address

The exceptional address format (“Jane Doe or Current Resident” or “Jane Doe or
Current Occupant”) may be used on any mail except mail types listed in 3.1.2.
The word “Current” is optional. The order of the words may be reversed (e.g.,
“Current Resident or Jane Doe” rather than “Jane Doe or Current Resident”).

3.4.2 Placement
The exceptional address format must be placed in the address block, with the
following exceptions:
a. If all the current resident/occupant information cannot be placed on the first
or second line of the address, the exceptional address format may be placed
no more than 3/4 inch above the address block.
b. If an optional endorsement line (OEL) is used, the mailer may elect to place the
exceptional address format above the OEL. In these cases, the exceptional
address forma t must be at least 1/2 inch, but not more than 3/4 inch, above
the optional endorsement line. If a window envelope is used with an OEL, the
exceptional address information may be printed either in the area on the insert
showing through the window or on the envelope above the window.

4.0 Detached Address Labels (DALs) and Detached

Marketing Labels (DMLs)
4.1 General

4.1.1 Definition
Detached address labels (DALs) and detached marketing labels (DMLs) in their
basic form (4.3.1 through 4.3.5) may be used by mailers as an optional method of
printing addresses and postage indicia instead of printing addresses and
postage on the items mailed. In addition to the basic form under 4.3.1 through
4.3.5, DMLs also include advertising under 4.3.6. For these standards, “item”
refers to the types of eligible mail described in 4.2.1 through 4.2.2.

4.1.2 Alternative Addressing Format

DALs and DMLs may have alternative addressing formats under 3.0, subject to
the applicable standards under 4.0.

4.1.3 Ancillary Service Endorsements

Ancillary service endorsements are not permitted. A DAL or DML that is
undeliverable as addressed is handled under 507.1.1 through 507.1.9 for the
applicable class of mail. The accompanying item is treated as specified by the
mailer under 4.5.

4.1.4 Documentation
When requested by USPS, DAL or DML mailers must provide documentation to
establish that the applicable distribution standards in 4.2.1 through 4.2.2 are met.

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Addressing: Detached Address Labels

602.4.1.5

4.1.5 Extra Services

Items mailed with DALs or DMLs may not be combined with any extra service.

4.2 Eligible Mail

4.2.1 Periodicals or USPS Marketing Mail Flats Saturation Mailings

Saturation mailings of only unaddressed Periodicals (207.23.9.4) or USPS
Marketing Mail (245.9.10.4) flats may be mailed with DALs or DMLs, but DALs or
DMLs may not bear simplified addresses when used with USPS Marketing Mail
flats. Saturation flat mailings presented with DALs or DMLs that are not
automation-compatible and correctly barcoded do not qualify for saturation
prices. Instead, they may be entered at applicable basic carrier route prices. This
standard (for automation-compatible barcoded DALs and DMLs) does not apply
to DALs or DMLs with simplified addressing when correctly used with
Periodicals flats.
[7-14-24]

4.2.2 Bound Printed Matter

Unaddressed pieces of Bound Printed Matter may be mailed with DALs or DMLs
when:
a. [7-14-24] The mail is prepared on 5-digit pallets meeting the standards in
705.8.0. (Exception: Separate 5-digit pallets of carrier route and Presorted
price mail are not required for flat-size mail.) The destination delivery unit
(DDU)/sorting and delivery center (S&DC) is determined using the Drop
Shipment Product under the provisions for the DDU price in 266.3.0 through
266.6.0. The mail may not be prepared on pallets when the Drop Shipment
Product indicates that the delivery unit that serves the 5-digit pallet
destination cannot handle pallets. For such delivery units, mail with DALs or
DMLs must be prepared in sacks. The trays or cartons of DALs or DMLs
must be prepared under 4.4, placed on the same pallet as the pieces, and
must be stretch-wrapped together as one unit.
b. The mail is prepared in 5-digit sacks and entered at the destination delivery
unit. The destination delivery unit is determined by using the Drop Shipment
Product under the provisions for the DDU price in 266.3.0 through 266.6.0.
DALs or DMLs must be bundled under 4.4 and presented to the destination
delivery unit with the accompanying items to be distributed with the DALs or
DMLs.

4.3 Label Preparation

4.3.1 Label Construction

Each DAL or DML must be made of paper or cardboard stock that is not folded,
perforated, or creased, and that meets these measurements:
a. Between 3-1/2 and 5 inches high (perpendicular to the address).
b. Between 5 and 9 inches long (parallel to the address).
c. At least 0.007 inch thick, except under 4.3.1d.
d. If more than 4-1/4 inches high or more than 6 inches long, must be at least
0.009 inch thick.

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e. Must have an aspect ratio (length divided by height) from 1.3 to 2.5,
inclusive.

4.3.2 Addressing
The address for each item must be placed on a DAL and DML, parallel to the
longest dimension of the DAL and DML, and may not appear on the item it
accompanies. The DAL and DML must contain a delivery address and a return
address. In addition, if DALs or DMLs accompany saturation mailings of
Periodicals or USPS Marketing Mail flats, a correct Intelligent Mail barcode with
an 11-digit routing code must be printed on each DAL or DML except when
using a simplified address for Periodicals flats as allowed by standards.

4.3.3 One DAL/DML Per Item

Only one DAL or DML may be prepared for each accompanying item, and only
one item may be identified for delivery per DAL or DML. (A single DAL or DML
may not be prepared to deliver one each of different accompanying items or
multiples of the same item.)

4.3.4 Required Information

The following words must appear in bold type at least 1/8 inch high on the front
of each DAL and DML: “USPS regulations require that this address label be
delivered with its accompanying postage-paid mail. If you should receive this
label without its accompanying mail, please notify your local postmaster.” The
title or brand name of the item (which may include an illustration of the item)
must also appear on the front or back of the DAL and DML to associate it with
the accompanying item.

4.3.5 Other Information

In addition to the information described in 4.3.2 and 4.3.4, and an indicium of
postage payment, only official pictures and data circulated by the National
Center for Missing and Exploited Children may appear on the front of a DAL.

4.3.6 Advertising
Advertising may appear on a DML, under the following conditions:
a. The DMLs must meet the physical characteristics under 4.3.1 and have a
correct Intelligent Mail barcode with an 11-digit routing code (see 204.1.0).
b. The advertising must not obstruct or overlap any of the required elements on
the front of a DML.
c. Advertising on the front of a DML must be to the left of the delivery address
and placed to maintain required clear spaces around the address and
postage payment (see 202 and 1.0).
d. Advertising may also appear on the back of a DML.

4.4 Mail Preparation

4.4.1 Notice to Delivery Office

Each delivery office to receive a DAL or DML mailing must be notified in writing at
least 10 days before the requested delivery period begins. To ensure that the
delivery office can readily relate the notice to the cartons containing the
corresponding items, a copy of that letter must be enclosed with the DALs or

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602.4.4.2

DMLs unless the initial notice and the cartons used for the DALs or DMLs and
items each conspicuously bears a mailing identification number. The letter must
contain the following information:
a. Name and telephone number of the mailer or representative.
b. Origin Post Office of the mailing.
c. Expected mailing date.
d. Description of the mailing.
e. Number of addressees for each 5-digit ZIP Code.
f. Number of DALs or DMLs per carton or bundle.
g. Number of items per carton or bundle.
h. Expected delivery period (range of dates).
i. Requested action for excess or undeliverable DALs, DMLs or items (see
4.5).

4.4.2 Basic Standards for DALs and DMLs

[7-14-24] The following apply:
a. [7-14-24] The DALs or DMLs must be presorted, counted, and prepared by
5-digit ZIP Code delivery area.
b. [7-14-24] Only DALs or DMLs for the same 5-digit area may be placed in the
same carton, sack, or tray.
c. [7-14-24] DAL or DML mailings claimed at carrier-route basic or
walk-sequence prices must be further prepared under the corresponding
standards.
d. [7-14-24] Mailers must prepare DALs or DMLs as bundles in sacks or in
cartons, unless prepared in trays under 4.4.6 when mailed with saturation
flats.
e. [7-14-24] Different size cartons may be used in the same mailing, but each
must be filled with dunnage as necessary to ensure that the DALs or DMLs
retain their orientation and presort integrity while in transit.
f. [7-14-24] Each carton of DALs or DMLs must bear a label showing the
information in 4.4.5 unless a mailing identification number is used (see
4.4.1).
g. [7-14-24] Multiple containers of DALs or DMLs must be numbered
sequentially ("1 of __," "2 of __," etc.).

4.4.3 Basic Standards for Items Distributed with DALs and DMLs
[7-14-24] The following apply:
a. [7-14-24] Except for bundles of saturation flats placed directly on pallets
under 4.4.7, the items to be distributed with DALs or DMLs must be placed
in cartons or prepared in bundles placed in flat trays/sacks, subject to the
standards for the price claimed.

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b. [7-14-24] A label bearing the content description information in 4.4.5 must

be affixed to each carton, trayed/sacked bundle, or pallet unless a mailing
identification number is used (see 4.4.1).
c. [7-14-24] Cartons of items (including those on pallets) may differ in size, but
must be filled with dunnage as necessary to ensure the integrity of the items
while in transit.
d. [7-14-24] The gross weight of each carton or flat tray/sack must not be more
than 40 pounds.

4.4.4 Combined Cartons

Both the DALs or DMLs and the accompanying items may be enclosed in the
same carton when sent to a small volume 5-digit ZIP Code area. If the DALs or
DMLs and the accompanying items are packed together, these standards apply:
a. The DALs or DMLs must be bundled and labeled under 4.4.2 and placed on
top of the items.
b. The carton must be packed with dunnage to ensure the integrity of the
contents while in transit.
c. The gross weight of the carton must not exceed 40 pounds.
d. The exterior of the carton must be labeled under 4.4.5 and marked “DALs
ENCLOSED” or “DMLs ENCLOSED” in letters not less than 1/2 inch high.

4.4.5 Container Labels

Sacks, cartons, and pallets of DAL or DML mail must be labeled under the
preparation standards for the price claimed. A second label must be affixed to
each bundle in a carton or sack to provide the following information (unless a
mailing identification number is used under 4.4.1):
a. Delivery Post Office name and 5-digit ZIP Code delivery area.
b. Title, brand name, or other description of the items.
c. Name and telephone number of the mailer or representative.
d. Number of labels or items in the carton, as applicable.
e. Instructions to open and distribute either the DALs or DMLs with matching
items or the items with matching DALs or DMLs, as appropriate.

4.4.6 Optional Tray and Bundle Preparation

[7-14-24] The following apply:
a. [7-14-24] Mailers may prepare DALs or DMLs in letter trays according to
245.9.0 when DALs or DMLs are used in mailings of saturation flats.
b. [7-14-24] Bundles of saturation flats to be distributed with DALs or DMLs
may be prepared on 5-digit pallets under 4.4.7.
c. [7-14-24] Pallets must not be used when the Drop Shipment Product
specifies that the delivery unit that serves the 5-digit pallet destination
cannot handle pallets. For such delivery units, mail with DALs or DMLs must
be prepared in cartons, flat trays, or sacks. The tray(s) of corresponding

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DALs or DMLs must be placed on top of the accompanying pallet of flats,

and the pallet contents must be secured with stretchwrap to avoid
separation in transportation and processing.
d. [7-14-24] All containers must be labeled according to 4.4.5.

4.4.7 Optional Container Preparation

[7-14-24] Bundles of flats and cartons, flat trays, or sacks of items may be
placed on pallets meeting the standards in 705.8.0. Cartons or trays of DALs or
DMLs must be placed on pallets with the corresponding items under 4.4 and
705.8.0. The USPS plant manager at whose facility a DAL or DMLS mailing is
deposited may authorize other containers for the portion of the mailing to be
delivered in that plant's service area.

4.5 Disposition of Excess or Undeliverable Material

The letter required under 4.4.1 must either request that the delivery office
contact the mailer (or representative) about excess DALs, DMLs, or items, or
provide instructions for their treatment. (If the mailer does not provide
information about excess DALs, DMLs, or items, such material is disposed of as
waste by USPS.) The mailer must choose one of the following options for each
DAL or DML mailing and the items:
a. Disposal of any excess material as waste.
b. Return of the excess material to the mailer, postage due at the applicable
single-piece price under 4.6.
c. Holding of the excess material for pickup by the mailer (or representative). If
pickup is not made within 15 calendar days of the notice to the mailer, the
material is returned to the mailer postage due.
d. Holding of the excess material while additional DALs, DMLs, or items are
supplied (as applicable). If additional material is not supplied within 15 days
of the notice to the mailer, the excess material is returned to the mailer
postage due. Additional material must be sent prepaid to the delivery Post
Office as First-Class Mail, USPS Ground Advantage – Retail, Priority Mail, or
Priority Mail Express.

4.6 Postage

4.6.1 Prices
DAL or DML mailings are not eligible for automation prices, but the pieces may
qualify for carrier route prices, subject to applicable standards. Mailers must pay
a surcharge for each DAL or DML used with USPS Marketing Mail flats. See
Notice 123—Price List for prices.

4.6.2 Postage Computation and Payment

Postage is computed based on the combined weight of the item and the
accompanying DAL or DML. If the numbers of DALs/DMLs and items mailed are
not identical, the number of pieces used to determine postage is the greater of
the two. No postage refund is allowed in these situations. In addition, these
methods of postage payment apply:

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a. Periodicals flats must be prepaid. A notice of entry must appear in the upper
right corner of the DAL or DML.
b. USPS Marketing Mail flats (except EDDM flats) and parcels and Bound
Printed Matter pieces must be paid by permit imprint, which must appear on
each DAL or DML.
c. [7-14-24] A surcharge applies to each DAL or DML used in a USPS
Marketing Mail flats mailing.

4.6.3 Returns
Postage for excess or undeliverable DALs or DMLs that are properly endorsed,
or for items being returned, is computed at the single-piece price (First-Class
Mail, USPS Ground Advantage – Retail, Priority Mail, or Package Services)
applicable to the combined weight of the DAL or DML, and the accompanying
item, regardless of whether both are returned. The total amount due for returned
material, which includes the return postage and the applicable address
correction fee for each DAL, DML, or item returned, is collected when the
material is returned to the mailer.

4.6.4 Additional Items

Postage for additional material (DALs, DMLs, or items) mailed to USPS under
4.5d must be prepaid as First-Class Mail, Priority Mail, or Priority Mail Express,
subject to the eligibility standards for the price claimed and the conditions in
4.6.2.

5.0 Move Update Standards

5.1 Basic Standards
[1-21-24] The Move Update standard requires the periodic matching of a mailer’s
address records with customer-filed change-of-address orders maintained by
USPS. Each address, except for mail bearing an alternative address format
(under 3.0), in a mailing at commercial First-Class Mail presorted or automation
prices, or USPS Marketing Mail prices, is subject to the Move Update standard
and must meet these requirements:
a. Each address and associated addressee used on the mailpieces in a mailing
must be updated within 95 days before the mailing date, with one of the
USPS-approved methods in 5.2.
b. [1-21-24] The Move Update standard is met when an address used on a
mailpiece in a mailing at any class of mail is updated under 5.2, and the
same address is used in a First-Class Mail, or USPS Marketing Mail, mailing
within 95 days after the address has been updated.

5.2 USPS-Approved Methods

The following methods are authorized for meeting the Move Update standard:
a. Address Change Service (ACS).
b. National Change of Address Linkage System (NCOALink). This includes both
pre-mail NCOALink processing systems and the physical mailpiece
processing equipment system: National Change of Address Linkage System

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Mail Processing Equipment (NCOALink MPE). See the NCOALink page

(NCOALink MPE Solutions) available on PostalPro at
https://postalpro.usps.com for more information on the MPE application.
c. Applicable ancillary service endorsements under 507.1.5.1 or 507.1.5.3,
except “Forwarding Service Requested.”
d. For First-Class Mail only: Mailer Move Update Process Certification and
USPS-approved alternative methods for mailers with legitimate restrictions
on incorporating USPS-supplied change-of-address information into their
mailing lists. The National Customer Support Center (see 608.8.1 for
address) administers and approves both Mailer Move Update Process
Certification and alternative methodse.
e. Election Mail, meaning any item mailed to or from authorized election
officials and that enables citizens to participate in the voting process (e.g.,
ballots, voter registration cards, absentee voting applications and polling
place notifications), may be mailed using a USPS-approved alternative
method with the approval of the National Customer Support Center.

5.3 Move Update Verification

Mailers who submit any Full-Service volume in a calendar month will be verified
pursuant to the Address Quality Census Measurement and Assessment Process
beginning in the next calendar month. First-Class Mail and USPS Marketing Mail
letter and flat-size mailpieces with addresses that have not been updated in
accordance with the Move Update Standard will be subject to the Move Update
assessment charge, if submitted via eDoc with unique Basic or Full-Service
IMbs. Supporting details are described in Publication 685, Publication for
Streamlined Mail Acceptance for Letters and Flats, available at
postalpro.usps.com. The Move Update assessment charge will be assessed if:
a. The percent of all qualifying mailpieces submitted in a calendar month that
have a COA error is greater than the 0.5-percent error threshold, as
determined by an analysis of the data captured by mail processing
equipment. Qualifying mailpieces using a Green & Secure Change Service
Requested STID will be included in the count of all qualifying mailpieces
submitted in a calendar month, but will be excluded from assessment.
b. Each mailpiece with an address containing COA errors in excess of the error
threshold will be assessed the Move Update assessment charge.

5.4 Mailer Certification

[1-21-24] The mailer's electronic confirmation during eDoc submission certifies
that the Move Update standard has been met for the address records, including
each address in the corresponding mailing presented to the Postal Service.

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6.0 ZIP Code Accuracy Standards

6.1 Basic Standards
[1-21-24] Except for mail bearing a simplified address, addresses used on pieces
in a mailing at all commercial First-Class Mail, nonbarcoded presorted
Periodicals, USPS Marketing Mail, and Bound Printed Matter presorted and
carrier-route prices are subject to the ZIP Code accuracy standard and must
meet these requirements:
a. Each address and associated 5-digit ZIP Code on the mailpieces in a mailing
must be verified and corrected within 6 months before the mailing date with
one of the USPS-approved methods in 6.2.
b. If an address used on a mailpiece in a mailing at one class of mail and price
is verified and corrected with an approved method, the same address may
be used during the following 6 months to meet the ZIP Code accuracy
standard required for mailing at any other class of mail and price.

6.2 USPS-Approved Methods

The following methods meet the ZIP Code accuracy standard:
a. For computerized lists, Coding Accuracy Support System (CASS)-certified
address matching software and current USPS City State Product, within a
mailer's computer systems or through an authorized service provider.
b. For manually maintained lists or small computerized lists, options include
the following:
1. Any mailing list in 507.8.0.
2. An authorized service provider.
3. CASS-certified matching software.
4. USPS Web site www.usps.com.

6.3 Mailer Certification

[1-21-24] The mailer's electronic confirmation during eDoc submission certifies
that the ZIP Code accuracy standard has been met for each address in the
corresponding mailing presented to USPS.

7.0 Carrier Route Accuracy Standard

7.1 Basic Standards
[7-14-24] The carrier-route accuracy standard is a means of ensuring that the
carrier-route code correctly matches the delivery address information. For the
purposes of this standard, "Address" means a specific address associated with
a specific carrier-route code. Addresses used on pieces claimed at any
Periodicals carrier-route prices, USPS Marketing Mail Enhanced Carrier Route
prices, or Bound Printed Matter carrier-route prices are subject to the
carrier-route accuracy standard and must meet the following requirements:

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602.7.2

a. Each address and associated carrier route code on mailpieces (or DALs or
DMLs) in a mailing must be updated using one of the USPS-approved
methods in 6.2 and a product release that is within the USPS Product Cycle
in Exhibit 9.3.1.
b. Each individual address in the mailing is subject to the carrier route
accuracy standard.

7.2 Exception
The carrier route accuracy standard does not apply to mail of any class bearing a
simplified address format under 3.0.

7.3 USPS-Approved Methods

Carrier route coding must be performed using CASS-certified software and the
current USPS Carrier Route Product or another Address Information System
(AIS) product containing carrier route information subject to 509.1.0 and 9.0.
Printed Carrier Route Files (schemes) may be used only for Periodicals carrier
route mailpieces and for USPS Marketing Mail Enhanced Carrier Route flat-size
mailpieces.

7.4 Mailer Certification

[1-21-24] The mailer's electronic confirmation during eDoc submission certifies
that the carrier route accuracy standard has been met for each address in the
corresponding mailing presented to USPS.

8.0 Presort Accuracy Validation and Evaluation (PAVE)

[1-21-24]

8.1 Basic Information

The Presort Accuracy Validation and Evaluation (PAVE) program is a process to
evaluate presort software and determine its accuracy in sorting address files
under DMM standards. PAVE is available only to software and hardware
manufacturers (i.e., companies that develop presort software or manufacture
presorting equipment). PAVE certification does not guarantee acceptance of
customer mail prepared with PAVE-validated hardware/software.

8.2 Process
[1-21-24] PAVE evaluates the accuracy of presort products by providing test
address files to vendors. Vendors process the test file(s) through their presort
software or hardware and return the resulting presort documentation to the
USPS National Customer Support Center (NCSC) for evaluation of the answers.
Each test file is evaluated for its accuracy of presort, compliance with current
DMM standards, accuracy of sack/tray/pallet tag labels, and general
acceptability of presort documentation. If the answers are accurate, the vendor’s
presort product is validated for a 12-month period or until the end of the current
annual period.

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8.3 Participation
For information on participation in PAVE, presort product developers may
request the PAVE Program Technical Guide from the NCSC by calling
1-800-238-3150. Participants may use the PAVE form included in that guide to
order PAVE test files.

9.0 Coding Accuracy Support System (CASS)

9.1 Basic Information

9.1.1 Purpose
The Coding Accuracy Support System (CASS) improves the accuracy of delivery
point codes, ZIP+4 codes, 5-digit ZIP Codes, and carrier route codes on
mailpieces. CASS provides a common platform to measure the quality of
address matching software and to diagnose and correct software problems.

9.1.2 Requirement
Any mailing claimed at an automation price must be produced from address lists
properly matched and coded with CASS-certified address matching methods
listed below. A mailer using multiline optical character readers (MLOCRs) to print
delivery point barcodes on mailpieces must also obtain CASS certification
(including Multiline Accuracy Support System (MASS)) for the address matching
software used on the MLOCRs.

9.1.3 Methods
Delivery point or ZIP+4 coding may be obtained by using the CASS-certified
DPC address matching software with components DPV and LACSLink;
CASS-certified Z4CHANGE process; NCOALink; or DSF2 process.

9.2 Software Certification

9.2.1 General
Any user of address matching software that applies ZIP+4 codes to address lists
to obtain an automation price must use address matching software that is
CASS-certified. Address matching software used to ZIP+4 code address records
must, as part of its process, return a standardized address to ensure that the
ZIP+4 code or mailer-applied barcode represents the proper depth of code
available. The original input address submitted for coding may also be returned.
The CASS-certified address matching software must be used according to
specific parameter settings (configurations) as described below.

9.2.2 Software Configuration

All address lists used to produce mailings for automation prices must be
matched and ZIP+4 coded with current CASS-certified software in line with the
configuration standards shown below. Summary output reports or
computer-generated facsimile Forms 3553 must contain information about the
configuration used when processing the address list on the CASS-certified
address matching software.

9.2.3 Permissible Configurations

These are permissible configurations for address matching software:

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a. Vendor-Supplied Software With Vendor CASS-certified Software

Configurations. The software vendor is CASS-certified for specific
configurations. The user is using that software as prescribed by the vendor
and with the CASS-certified configurations obtained by the vendor.
b. Vendor-Supplied Software With User CASS-certified Software
Configurations. The software user is using vendor-supplied software in a
configuration not CASS-certified by the vendor but by the user.
c. User-Developed Software for Which User Obtained CASS Certification. The
software user obtained individual user CASS certification for self-developed
software and is using it as certified.

9.2.4 Use
When used for ZIP+4 or delivery point barcoding, the address matching software
and coding methods must have a valid CASS certification and use the current
USPS ZIP+4 Product updated to include all applicable change transaction files.

9.3 Date of Address Matching and Coding

9.3.1 Update Standards

[1-21-24] Unless Z4CHANGE is used, all automation and carrier route mailings
bearing addresses coded by any AIS product must be coded using current
CASS-certified software and based on data in the current USPS database.
Coding must be done using a product release date that is within the USPS
Product Cycle in Exhibit 9.3.1. All AIS products may be used immediately on
release. New product releases must be included in address-matching systems
no later than after the first of the month following the product date. The overlap
in dates for product use allows mailers adequate time to install the new data files
and test their systems. Mailers are expected to update their systems with the
latest data files as soon as practicable and not wait until the “last permissible
use” date. The mailer's electronic confirmation during eDoc submission certifies
that this standard has been met when the corresponding mail is presented to
USPS. See Exhibit 9.3.1 for the current USPS database product cycle.

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602 602.9.4

Exhibit 9.3.1 USPS Database Product Cycle

EXPIRATION DATE
RELEASE DATE LAST PERMISSIBLE
PRODUCT DATE (LAST PERMISSIBLE
(POSTED) MAILING DATE
USE DATE)

Use of file released (Publish Date) And must end no later

in... than...
Mid-November December 1 February 28/29 March 31

Mid-December January 1 March 31 April 30

Mid-January February 1 April 30 May 31

Mid-February March 1 May 31 June 30

Mid-March April 1 June 30 July 31

Mid-April May 1 July 31 August 31

Mid-May June 1 August 31 September 30

Mid-June July 1 September 30 October 31

Mid-July August 1 October 31 November 30

Mid-August September 1 November 30 December 31

Mid-September October 1 December 31 January 31

Mid-October November 1 January 31 February 28/29

9.3.2 Z4CHANGE List Matching

When using Z4CHANGE to match and code address lists for automation price
mailings:
a. The entire address list must first be matched and ZIP+4 coded with current
CASS-certified software and the current USPS ZIP+4 Product.
b. Every 60 days after the first matching, the address list must be processed
through Z4CHANGE using USPS-certified software to identify changed
records since the last update.
c. The changed records identified through the Z4CHANGE processing must
then be matched and coded using current CASS-certified address matching
software and the current ZIP+4 Product.
d. The entire address list must be rematched and ZIP+4 coded every 3 years
using current CASS-certified software and the current USPS ZIP+4 Product.

9.4 Definitions—Mailing and Address Lists

For this section, mailing list or address list is the group of names and addresses
to which mailpieces in the corresponding mailing are addressed. Whether the
addresses used in a mailing are obtained from a single list or from two or more
lists (whole lists or extracts of those lists), each list used to produce a mailing
claimed at an automation price must meet the standards in 9.0.

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9.5 Documentation

9.5.1 PS Form 3553

[1-21-24] Unless excepted by standard, the mailer must complete a PS Form
3553 for each mailing claimed at all automation prices and all carrier route
prices. A computer-generated facsimile may be used if it contains the required
data elements in a format similar to the USPS form. The data recorded on
PS Form 3553 must refer only to the address list used to produce the mailing
with which it is presented. The postage statement must be annotated in the
block(s) provided to reflect the date when address matching and coding were
performed. When a mailing is produced using multiple lists, the mailer must
show the earliest (oldest) date of address matching and coding (shown on
PS Form 3553, section B2). The mailer certifies compliance with electronic
confirmation during eDoc submission.

9.5.2 Retention Period

PS Form 3553 and other documentation must be retained by the mailer or the
mailer’s agent for 1 year from the date of mailing and be made available to the
USPS on 24-hour notice.

9.5.3 Using Output Information

The data recorded on PS Form 3553 is taken from the summary output report
generated by the computer process by which address lists are matched and
ZIP+4 coded using CASS-certified software. The summary output information
may also be generated as a facsimile PS Form 3553. PS Form 3553 may show
summary output information for a single address list or consolidate summary
output information from multiple address lists combined to produce a single
mailing. Figures on PS Form 3553 are not required to match total mailpiece
figures on the corresponding postage statement.

9.5.4 Providing Required Data

Summary output reports or computer-generated PS Forms 3553 must contain
this information:
a. CASS-certified company name as it appears on the CASS certificate; name
and software version that received CASS certification; and the software
configuration used when processing the address list.
b. Name of the list processor using the CASS-certified software to match and
code the address list, the date the address list was processed, the date of
the USPS database used to code the address list, the address list name or
identification number, the total number of address records on the list
submitted for coding, the total number of address records successfully
coded to the appropriate depth of code, and the valid dates for the records
successfully coded.

9.5.5 Using a Single List

When a mailing is produced using all or part of a single address list, the mailer
must retain one PS Form 3553 and other required documentation reflecting the
summary output information for the entire list, as obtained when the list was
coded.

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9.5.6 Using Multiple Lists

When a mailing is produced using multiple address lists, the mailer must retain a
consolidated PS Form 3553 summarizing the individual summary output and/or
facsimile PS Forms 3553 for each list used (and other required documentation).
As an alternative, the mailer may combine the addresses selected from the
multiple lists into a single new list, reprocess the addresses using CASS-certified
address matching software, and retain one PS Form 3553 for the summary
output generated by that process.

9.5.7 Using CASS Certificate

If the name of the CASS-certified company entered on PS Form 3553 does not
appear on the list published by USPS, a copy of the CASS certificate for the
software used also must be retained by the mailer with the documentation.

9.6 CASS Certification

9.6.1 Testing Arrangements

To obtain information on standards and arrange for testing of carrier route,
ZIP+4, or delivery point address matching software, contact the National
Customer Support Center by calling 1-800-238-3150, or by writing to the CASS
Certification Department, National Customer Support Center (see 608.8.0 for
address).

9.6.2 CASS Stage I

The CASS certification process is a two-stage procedure. Stage I is a test file with
answers supplied on request to customers wanting to certify an address matching
software product. The Stage I file contains fabricated sample addresses from
address ranges across the country with missing or incorrect address elements.
The correct answers supplied on this Stage I test file allow self-assessment of
address matching software/hardware accuracy so that software/hardware vendors
or users can predetermine product readiness for the actual test.

9.6.3 CASS Stage II

The Stage II file is the actual test without answers. This test measures the
accuracy of address matching software/hardware. Similar to the Stage I file, the
Stage II file contains fabricated sample addresses from address ranges across
the country with missing or incorrect address elements that the address
matching software must correct. Software vendors or users process the Stage II
file against their address matching products, appending the correct or missing
information in each address record. After completing the test, the vendor or user
returns the Stage II file to USPS for analysis, scoring, and, if qualified,
certification. For multiline optical character readers (MLOCRs) and encoding
stations, CASS certification is obtained by barcoding sample mailpieces in a test
deck. After completing the test, the vendor or user returns the test deck to the
USPS for analysis, scoring, and, if qualified, certification.

9.6.4 Certification Standards

To be CASS-certified:
a. Delivery point code address matching software/hardware must correctly
ZIP+4 code the addresses in the Stage II file or test deck with an accuracy
rate determined by the CASS Certification Department and must correctly
append the additional two digits of the delivery point code (plus a check
digit) to the Stage II file or test deck with 100 percent accuracy.

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b. A 2-digit utility (separate or stand-alone address matching software that

appends only the correct 2-digit DP9019C information) must use the
standardized address information returned by DPC address matching
software when determining the correct delivery point code. A 2-digit utility
must assign the 2-digit delivery point code (plus a check digit) to the
addresses in the Stage II file with 100% accuracy.
c. Address matching software used to assign 5-digit ZIP Codes and carrier
route codes must assign the appropriate codes to the Stage II file with an
accuracy rate determined by the CASS Certification Department.

9.6.5 Customer Notification

The USPS sends written notice informing the customer of the results of the
analysis and the product certification status. Follow-up notification is mailed to
remind previously certified vendors and users of the next certification.

10.0 Dual Shipping Labels

Dual shipping labels are used by private shipper to identify both the Postal
Service and a private carrier as possible delivery agents. Items bearing dual
shipping labels that are not tendered to the Postal Service for delivery must
clearly indicate the private shipper responsible for delivering the item.

11.0 Commercial Plus One Mailpieces

11.1 Definition
The commercial mail Plus One product is a bundled offering, including a host
mailpiece and a Plus One card. Both the host mailpiece and the Plus One card
must meet the applicable basic standards of a USPS Marketing mail saturation
letter as specified in 245.6.0, be entered at a destination sectional center facility,
and meet automation standards with a correct mailing address and Intelligent
Mail barcode. The Plus One mailpiece (card) must meet the following additional
standards:
a. Be used for at least six months by the host mailer.
b. Be addressed to the same delivery points as the host mailpiece.
c. Be sorted and presented separately from the host piece.
d. [7-14-24] Must not exceed 6 inches long by 11 inches high.
e. Must be at least 0.009 inches thick and card stock.
f. Must have “Plus One” marking directly below Permit indicia.

11.2 Mail Preparation

Each Plus One mailing must be trayed and labeled according to 245.6.7.
Palletized mailings must be prepared according to 705.8.10.3.

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11.3 Documentation
When requested by USPS, Plus One mailpiece mailers must provide
standardized documentation according to 203.3.0 to establish that the
applicable distribution standards are met. Spoilage of host pieces may affect
eligibility to mail Plus One pieces. Host pieces must meet the following:
a. Documentation must show that at least 90 percent of host pieces are
saturation mail. The remainder may be high density or high density plus.
b. The total number of Plus One pieces must be less than or equal to the
number of host pieces.

11.4 Extra Services

Items mailed with Plus One mailpieces may not be combined with any extra
service.
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