Setting up Computer

Network
A computer network is a system in which multiple
computers are connected to each other to share
information and resources
Characteristics of a computer network
 Share Resources from one
computer to another
 Create files and store them in
one computer, access those
files from the other computer(s)
connected over the network
 Connect a printer, scanner, or a
fax machine to one computer
within the network and let other
computers of the network use
the machines available over
network.
Shared Hardware Components
• Virtually, any storage or output
device can be shared over a
network, but the most common
devices to be used over a network
include:

 Printers
 Disk drives
 CD-ROM and optical drives
 Modems
 Fax
 Tape backup units
Types of Computer Networks
•Personal Area Network (PAN)
•Local Area Network (LAN)
•Wide Area Network (WAN)
•Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)
•Campus Area Network (CAN)
•Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
•Home Area Network (HAN)
Personal Area Network (PAN) :
PAN is the most basic type of computer
network. This network is restrained to a single
person, that is, communication between the
computer devices is centered only to an
individual’s work space. PAN offers a network
range of 10 meters from a person to the device
providing communication.

Examples of PAN are USB, computer,

phone, tablet, printer, PDA, etc.
Local Area Network (LAN) :

LAN is the most frequently used network.

A LAN is a computer network that
connects computers together through a
common communication path,
contained within a limited area, that is,
locally. A LAN encompasses two or more
computers connected over a server. The
two important technologies involved in
this network are Ethernet and Wi-fi.
Examples of LAN are networking in a
home, school, library, laboratory, college,
office, etc
Wide Area Network (WAN) :
WAN is a type of computer network
that connects computers over a large
geographical distance through a
shared communication path. It is not
restrained to a single location but
extends over many locations. WAN can
also be defined as a group of local
area networks that communicate with
each other.
The most common example of WAN is
the Internet
Wireless Local Area Network
(WLAN) :

WLAN is a type of computer

network that acts as a local area
network but makes use of
wireless network technology like
Wi-Fi. This network doesn’t allow
devices to communicate over
physical cables like in LAN but
allows devices to communicate
wirelessly.
Campus Area Network (CAN) :
CAN is bigger than a LAN but smaller than a MAN. This is a type of
computer network which is usually used in places like a school or
college. This network covers a limited geographical area that is, it
spreads across several buildings within the campus.
Examples of CAN are networks that cover schools, colleges,
buildings, etc.
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) :
A MAN is larger than a LAN but smaller than a WAN. This is the type of
computer network that connects computers over a geographical distance
through a shared communication path over a city, town or metropolitan area.
Examples of MAN are networking in towns, cities, a single large city, large area
within multiple buildings, etc.
Home Area Network (HAN) :
Many of the houses might have more
than a computer. To interconnect those
computers and with other peripheral
devices, a network should be
established similar to the local area
network (LAN) within that home. Such a
type of network that allows a user to
interconnect multiple computers and
other digital devices within the home is
referred to as Home Area Network
(HAN). HAN encourages sharing of
resources, files, and programs within the
network. It supports both wired and
wireless communication.
Following is the list of hardware's required to setup a
computer network.

 Network Interface Card

 Switch-
 Router
 Modem
 Patch Panel
 Cable
 Basic Computer Network Hardware

1. Network Interface Card (NIC) - Network adapter is a

device that enables a computer to talk with other
computer/network
Network Card
• It is also known as network adapter or
Network Interface Card (NIC).
• Most branded computers have network
card pre-installed.
• Two Types:
Internal
External
INTERNAL NETWORK CARD
• Motherboard has a slot for
internal network card where it is
to be inserted.
Two types
1. Peripheral Component
Interconnect (PCI)
2. Industry Standard Architecture
(ISA)

• Network cables are required to provide

network access
EXTERNAL NETWORK CARD
External network cards come in
two flavors: Wireless and USB
based.
Wireless network card need to be
inserted into the motherboard but
no network cable is required to
connect to network
USB network card are easy to use and connect
via USB port. Computers automatically detect USB
card and can install the drivers required to support
the USB network card automatically
2. Switch/Hub- Switch is a
telecommunication device
grouped as one of computer
network components
3. Router- device
that used
to connect a LAN
with an internet
connection
 Router
 A router is a type of device which acts as the
central point among computers and other
devices that are part of a network.

 A router is equipped with holes called ports

and computers and other devices are
connected to a router using network cables.

 Now-a-days router comes in wireless modes

using which computers can be connected
without any physical cable
4. Modem - Modem is short for "Modulator / Demodulator." It is a
hardware component that allows a computer or other device, such as
a router or switch, to connect to the Internet.
5. Patch Panel is a rack-mounted panel with a series of
connectors that provides a branching-out point for network
cabling to leave the wiring closet and make horizontal
runs to wall plates in the work areas.
6. Network Cables
Network cables are used to connect computers.
The most commonly used cable is Category 5 cable RJ-
45.
 Coaxial cable- It is
more expensive than
twisted-pair cable but
provide high data
transmission speed.
Fiber-optic cable

-It is a high-speed cable which transmits

data using light beams through a glass
bound fibers. Fiber-optic cable is high data
transmission cable comparing to the other
cable types.
What is an Ethernet cable?
• An Ethernet cable is a network cable used for high-speed
wired network connections between two devices. This
network cable is made of four-pair cable, which is consists of
twisted pair conductors. It is used for data transmission at
both ends of the cable, which is called RJ45 connector

• The Ethernet cables are categorized as Cat 5, Cat 5e, Cat

6, and UTP cable. Cat 5 cable can support a 10/100 Mbps
Ethernet network while Cat 5e and Cat 6 cable to support
Ethernet network running at 10/100/1000 Mbps
What is Straight Through Cable?

STRAIGHT
THROUGH

Applications where you should use Crossover Cable:

•It helps you to connect a computer to a switch/hub’s normal port.
•You can use it to connect a computer to a cable/DSL modem’s LAN port.
•It allows you to connect a router’s WAN port to a cable/DSL modem’s LAN
port.
•Connect 2 switches or hubs with one of the hub or switch using an upline
port and the other one using a normal port.
What Is Crossover Cable?

Application where you should use Crossover Cable:

•It can use a computer to a computer with no switch or hub.
•Network devise to the network device. For example, the route to the router.
•Crossover cable enables one to establish a direct connection between two
computing devices using Ethernet ports.
•It Connects two computers directly.
•You can connect two hubs/switches by using the normal port in both switches
and hubs.
 REFERENCES
 https://www.slideshare.net/kenjoyb/k-to-12-pc-hardware-
servicing-learning-module
 https://icttechtips.wordpress.com/ict-modules/
 https://getintopc.com/softwares/operating-systems/windows-7-
ultimate-32-64-bit-updated-aug-2020-download-1109811/
 https://kb.netgear.com/27476/How-do-I-set-a-static-IP-address-
in-Windows
 https://networkencyclopedia.com/patch-panel/
 End of Week 10-11 Lesson 

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ACTIVE

PARTICIPATION!