PATEL INSTITUTE OF EXCELLENCE 110 MATHS BOOK

x x2  a2 2
* x
2
 a2 = – a log  x  x2  a2 
INTEGRAL THEORY SHEET 2 2
x x2  a2 2
x + a log  x  
2
*  a2 = x2  a2
Formula 2 2
d INDEFINITE INTEGRAL –
*
dx
f(x) = F(x) then F ( x ) dx = f(x) + c where c is I = f ( x ) dx for integration f(x) should be continuous
Arbitrary constant, F(x) is Integrated
n1
1. Transformation (Change into
 xn dx = x , n  –1
*
n 1 standard formula)
1 f '( x ) (a) Remove roots (For Trigo.) I =  1  cos x dx
* x .dx = log x,  f ( x) dx = log f(x) (b) Integrand should contain same angle
ax cos 2  cos 2
* e
x
dx = ex, a
x
dx =
log a
I=  cos   cos  d
(c) Remove denominator bring to numerator
* sin x. dx = – cosx, cos x. dx = sinx
sec x
* sec x. dx = tanx, cos ec x. dx = – cotx
2 2 I= sec x  tan x dx
* sec x. tan x. dx = secx, cos ecx cot x. dx = – (d) Integrand is power of sin x and cos x then change power
x
cosecx
cos
2
to 1 I= dx
* tan x. dx = – log cosx = log secx 2
(e) Integrand is product of sinx cosx  change
* cot x. dx = log sinx = – log cosec x multiplication in sum and difference.
   x  I = sin 2 x. cos 3x dx
* sec x. dx = log(secx + tanx) = log tan 
4 2 Some Trigo. Results
= – log (sec x – tan x) sin4x + cos4x = 1 – 2sin2x.cos2x
x sin6x + cos6x = 1 – 3sin2x.cos2x,
* cos ecx. dx = log(cosecx – cotx) = log tan
2 cos4x – sin4x = cos2x,
= – log(cosecx + cotx) cos8x – sin8x = cos2x (1 – 2sin2xcos2x)
dx 1  1 x  1 cot  1 x (f) If degree of Neu. is same as degree of Deno.
*  = tan = a x
a  x2
a  x
2 a a a a then make Neu. same as Deno. I= dx
dx 1 log x  a
*  2
x a 2 = 2a xa
if x > a
Q1.
cos 2 x
sin x  cos x  2 dx = (a) log (sin x – cos x) + c
dx 1 ax
*  a  x2
2 = 2a log a  x if x < a (b) log (cos x –sin x) + c
(c) log(sin x +cos x) + c(d)none
dx –1 x x
*  2
a  x 2 = sin
a
= – cos–1
a Q2. tan
1
(sec x  tan x ) dx = (a)
1
x+c
2
dx
* x 2
 a 2 = log x  x2  a2  or cosh -1
x/a (b)
sec x
sec x  tan x
1
(c) ( + x) + c (d) none
2
dx 1 x 
* x 2
 a2
= log x  x2  a2  or sinh -1
x/a Q3. If 
1  sin x
dx = tan   a + b, then
2 
dx 1 x 1 x [Roorkee 1979]
* x x2  a2
=
a
sec–1 or – cosec–1
a a a  
(a) a = , b = 3 (b) a = – , b = 3
2 4 4
x a2  x2 x
* a
2
 x2 = + a sin–1 
2 2 a (c) a = ,b = any constant
4

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PATEL INSTITUTE OF EXCELLENCE 111 MATHS BOOK


(d) a = – ,b= any constant (ii) dx [multiply and divide by e–x ]
4
sin 8 x  cos8 x ex  1
Q4.  1  2 sin 2 x cos 2 x
dx = [IIT 1986] (iii) 
x
e 1
dx [multiply and divide by e–x/2 ]
1 1
(a) sin 2x + c (b) 
2
sin 2x + c (iv) 
(1  e )(1  e  x )
x dx
1 [multiplying and divide by ex and put ex = t]
(c) sin 2x + c (d) – sin 2x + c
2 1
sin( x  a ) (v)  1 e x dx [multiply and divide by e–x/2 ]
Q5. sin( x  b)
dx =

(a)(x +b)cos (a –b)– sin(a – b)log  sin(x– b)  + C. dx

(b)(x–b)cos (a +b)+ sin(a –b) log  sin(x + b)  + C Q9. x ( x n
 1)
=
(c)(x+b)cos (a – b)+sin(a – b)log  sin(x + b)  + C
(d) none of these  xn   x n  1
(a) log  n   c (b) log  n   c
dx  x  1  x 
Q6.  equals [PET 1990]
3x  4  3x  1 1  xn  1  x n  1
log  c log  c
(a)
2
27 
3x  43/ 2  3x  13/ 2  c  (c)
n  x n  1
(d)
n  xn 

(b)
2
27 
3x  43/ 2  3x  13/ 2  c  Q10. (a) + cot

(c)
2
3  
3x  43/ 2  3x  13/ 2  c (d) none (b) x + cot (c) – cot (a) none of these

Q7. (1  2 x  3x 2  4 x 3 ....... ) dx = x e 1  e x  1

(a) (1 + x)–1 + c (b) (1 – x)–1 + c
Q11.  xe  ex
dx =
–1
(c) (1 – x) – 1+ c (d) none of these (a) log( x e  e x )  c (b) e log( x e  e x )  c
1 x  x2 1
Q8. = (c)  log( x e  e x )  c (d) log( x e  e x )  c
x 2 (1  x ) e
1 1 tan x 1
(a)
x
+log  1+ x  +C (b) – +log  1+ x  +C
x
Q12. 1  2 tan 2
x
dx = (a) log (cos2 x + 2sin2 x) + c
2
2 1
(c) – +log  1– x  +C (d) None of these log (2cos2 x + 2sin2 x) + c
(b)
x 2
2. Integration by substitution 1
(c) log (2cos2 x + 2sin2 x) + c(d)none
4
(A) (i) Find easy and hard function if easy function
dx 1
comes into differential of harder or part of it put that Q13.  4
= (a) sec–1x2 + c (b) sec–1x2 + c
x x 1 2
part or function = t x cos x dx
2 3
put x3 = t
(c) 2 sec–1x2 + c (d) cosec–1x2 + c
(ii) Integration can’t be performed on function of
function : Put Inner function = t. If Deno. contain ex Q14. log x 
sin 1  log x 
2
 dx =
a  x
then bring ex or e–x in Neu. b  ce x dx (a) cos {1+ (logx)2} +C.
(b) 2cos {1– (logx)2} +C
Some integrals of different expression of ex
1
(c) – cos {1+(logx)2} +C. (d) none of these
(i) dx [multiply and divide by e–x put e–x = t 2
1
Q15. 
ex  1
dx =

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PATEL INSTITUTE OF EXCELLENCE 112 MATHS BOOK

(a) log (1 + ex) + c (b) log (1 – e– x) + c N=1 1 1

–x
(c) log (1 + e ) + c (d) log (1 – ex) + c N=2 1 2 1
N=3 1 3 3 1
1
Q16.  1  e2x
dx = [PET 1988] N=4
N=5 1
1
5
4
10
6
10
4
5
1
1

(a) x –log [1+ 1  e 2 x ] + c 1

Q20. dx = (a) sec3x – sec x + c
3
(b) x + log [1+ 1  e 2 x ] + c
1
(c) log [1 + 1  e 2 x ] – x + c (d) None of these (b)sec3x –secx + c (c) sec3x + sec x + c (d) none
3
Q17. cos ec x log(cos ec x  cot x ) dx
Q21.
2
(a) {log  cosec x + cot x } +C
1 (a) – + –
(b) { 2log  cosec x– cot x }2 +C
2
1 (b) + +
(c) {log  cosec x – cot x }2 +C (d) none
2
ex
Q18. e e . e e x . e x dx is equal to (c) – – + (d) none
1 x 2
1 x
(a) 2e e (b)
x x
Q22.
 
 (c) e e e (d) e e e
 eee 

2  
2
(a) – tan x + x (b) + tan x + x
Q19. dx = log | – f(x) | + f(x) + C, then

f(x)= (c) + tan x – x (d) none of these

(a) (b) (c) (d) none tan x
Q23. cos4
x
dx =(a) 2( tan3/2 x) {1/3 – 1/7 tan2x}
(B) sin m x cosn x dx (b) 2( tan3/2 x) {1/3 + 1/7 tan2x}
(i) If power m is odd then put cosx = t & vice versa (c) ( tan3/2 x) {1 + tan2x} (d) none of these
sin x dx
5
d
(ii) If both power odd then put any sinx or cosx = t
Q24. 
sin  cos3 
=

sin x . cosx dx
3
1
(a) log (tan ) + tan2(b) log (tan ) + tan2
(iii) If power is even then  M. Transformation fails 2
sin x cos x dx 1
2 4

(c) log (tan ) – tan2 (d) log (tan ) – tan2

(iv) If m + n = –ve even integer put tanx = t 2
5
dx sin x
sin 3
x cos5 x
Q25.  4 dx =
cos x
(v) If Denominator contain function of sinx and cosx 2 1
(a) –cos x –  C.
both and if cannot be changed into single quality cos x 3 cos3 x
change complete Integrand into tanx and bring sec2x 2 1
in numerator. (b) cos x +  C.
cos x 3 cos3 x
(C) Pascal Triangle for sin x.cos x dx
m n

2 1
power is odd, use (c) cos x –   C (d) none
cos x 3 cos3 x
dx
Pascal Triangle – In (x + a)n when expanded the various
coefficients which occur are nC0, nC1, nC2,
(D) Quadratic Problem a 2
 x2
The Pascal triangle gives the values of these coefficients x
for n = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ...........
(i) x should be linear and comes only ones a 4
 x4
dx
(ii) if x comes more than ones then change into (x  a)2
N=0 1

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PATEL INSTITUTE OF EXCELLENCE 113 MATHS BOOK

x  x2 
(1  4 x  2 x 2
) (b)
3 2
2
a sin  1    2 a 4  x 4 + C
 a2 
dx
(iii) Coeff. of x2 should be 1.  9  4x 2 (c)
1 2  x2  1
a sin  1   
2
a 4  x 4 +C(d) none
2 a  2
(iv) Constant quantity a2 should in perfect square.
cos x  sin x
(v) Neum. should contain only constant. If it contain x or
x 1
Q32.  sin 2 x
dx equals
x2 then remove it
x2  1
dx  (a) cos h –1(sin x + cos x) + c
(b) sin h –1 (sin x + cos x) + c
dx
Q26.  dx = (c) – cos h –1(sin x + cos x) + c
2x  x2 (d) – sin h –1 (sin x + cos x) + c
1 1
(a) sin–1x (b) sin  1 ( x  1)  c
2 2
(c) sin–1 (x – 1) (d) none of these
Integration by Parts :
d
Q27.  e x  1 dx = (a) u. v dx = u v dx – dx u .  dx
v

(a) 2  e x  1  tan  1 
ex  1  c I II
(b) 2 e  1  tan x
e  1c 1 x (i) Decide I and II function by using ILATE (1) taking in
order where I inv, L  log, A  algebraic, T 
x

(c) 2 e  1  tan 1
e x  1  c (d) none  trigonometric, E  expo. (1)  II function.
2
x  1 (ii) If both function are Trigo. take that function as v
Q28.  dx = [IIT 1982] those integral is simpler.
x (1  x 4 )
(iii) If both function are Algebraic take that function as u
(a) log(1  1  x 2 ) (b) log(1  x 2  1  x 2 ) whose differential is simpler.
 x 2  1  x 4  1
(c) log   (d) none (b) u. v dx = uv1 – u' v2 + u'' v3 – ........
 x
  where ' represent no. of differential and 1, 2, 3, 4
cos x represent no. of integral. This formula should be used
Q29. cos 2 x dx = when Ist function is algebraic
1 1  2 sin x 1 1 2x d (e ax ) cos bx  e ax d cos bx
(a) log (b) log (c) e ax cos bx dx = dx dx
2 2 1 2 sin x 2 1 2x
2 2
1 1  2 sin x a b
(c) log (d) none of these e ax
2 1  2 sin x  1 b
e ax cos bx dx = cos  bx  tan
3
ax  bx
2
a b 2 a 
Q30.  dx =
e
kx
x 4  c2 (d) [k f(x) + f ' (x)] dx = e kx f(x)
b  x2  x. e x ex
(a) log  x4 + c2  +
2c
tan  1 
 c 
 + C.
 (i) 
(1  x ) 2 dx 
1 x
a b  2
1 x
Make Num. Same as Deno.
(b) log  x4 + c2  + tan   + C. x 2e x ex
4 2c  c 
 x2 
(ii) 
( x  2) 2 dx 
1 x
a  1 
(c) log  x4 – c2  + tan  c  + C. (d) none Make Num. Same as Deno.
4  
cos x
Q31. x
a2  x2
dx =
(iii)  x  ( sin x) log x  dx = cos x log x
a2  x2 x  sin x x
5 2  x2  3 4
a sin  1    a  x4 + C
(iv) 1  cos x dx = x tan 2
(a)
2  a2  2

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PATEL INSTITUTE OF EXCELLENCE 114 MATHS BOOK

x Q40. u = e
ax
cos bx dx , v = e
ax
sin bx dx
Q33. 1 cos x dx = [PET 1993]
2 2
Then (a + b ) (u + v ) = 2 2
x x 2ax ax 3ax
(a) x tan + log cos + c (a) e (b) e (c) e (d) none of these
2 2
Q41. dx = [MP PET 1991]
x x
(b) x tan + 2 log cos + c (a) x cos (log x) + c (b) sin (log x) + c
2 2
(c) cos (log x) + c (d) x sin (log x) + c
x x
(c) x tan – 2 log cos + c (d) none of these 2 x  sin 4 x  2 
2
2 2 
Q42. e   dx =
 1  cos 4 x 
Q34. x 3 e x dx =
1 2x 1
1 2 2 1 2 (a) e cot 2x + c (b) - e2x cot 2x + c
(a) ( x  1)e x  c (b) ( x 2  1) e x  c 2 2
2 2 (c) - 2e2x cot 2x + c (d) 2e2x cot 2x + c
1 2
1
(c) (1  x 2 ) e x  c (d) none of these Q43.  3 sin(log x ) dx =
2
x
 1 2x  1

Q35. sin 
 1 x2 
 dx = (a)
5x 2
[cos(log x) + sin (log x)] + C
(a) x tan–1x + log( 1 + x2) +c 1
(b) x tan–1x – log( 1 + x2) +c (b) – 2 [cos(log x) + 2 sin(log x)] + C
5x
(c) 2x tan–1x – log( 1 + x2) +c (d) none of these
1
sin 1 x  cos 1 x (c) – 2 [cos(log x) – 2 sin(log x)] + C (d) none
Q36.   1 dx = x
sin x  cos 1 x
Special formula
(a)
2
 
x  x2 (1 2x)sin 1 x + x  I.  2
px  q
ax  bx  c
dx

(b)
2
  2
x  x  (1  2 x ) sin 1

x –x
=
2a
p 
log (quadratic) +  q 
p b 
2 a  2
dx

  ax  bx  c

x  – x(d) none
2 2 1
(c) x  x  (1  2 x ) sin px  q
1 x
II.  ax 2  bx  c
dx =
Q37. tan 1
dx = dx
p b 
1 x p Quadratic

+ q 
2a 
 ax 2

 bx  c dx
(a)  1 x 
1 / 2 x cos 1 x  2 a 
(b) 1 / 2x cos x  1  x 
1 2
III. ( px  q ) ax 2  bx  c dx
(c) 2x cos x  1  x 
1 2
p   p. b  
= (Quad.)3/2 +  q   2a    Quad.
(d) 2x cos x 1
1 x  2 3a  
x 1 cos x
ex ex Q44.  dx =

x
Q38. e dx = (a) c (b) c
sin 2 x  4 sin x  5
( x  1) 3 x 1 ( x  1) 2
e x (a) tan  1 (sin x  2) (b) tan  1 (sin x  2)
ex
(c)   c (d)  c
(c) cot  1 (sin x  2) (d) none of these
x 1 ( x  1) 2
2
 x  x  x 1
x/ 2 Q45.  dx =

Q39. e sin   dx =
 2 4
[Roorkee 1982] x2  x  1
x x 2  2 x  1
(a) e x/ 2 cos  c (b) 2e x/ 2 cos +c (a) 2x + log  x2 – x + 1  –
3
tan–1 
 3 
 + C.
2 2
x x 2  2 x  1
(c) e x / 2 sin +c (d) 2e x / 2 sin +c (b) x + log  3x2 – x – 1  + tan–1   + C.
2 2 3  2 

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PATEL INSTITUTE OF EXCELLENCE 115 MATHS BOOK

2  2 x  1 1 –1 1 –1 x
(c) x + log  x2 – x + 1  + tan–1   + C. (b) tan x + tan +c
3  3  3 3 2
(d) none of these 1 1 x
(c) tan–1x – tan–1 + c
dx 3 6 2
Q46.  = (a) tan  1 (1  x ) x
( 2  x ) (1  x ) (d) tan–1x – 2 tan–1 + c
1 2
(b) 2 tan  1 (1  x ) (c) tan  1 (1  x ) (d) none 1  cos x
2 Q51. cos x (1  cos x ) dx =
(a) log  sec x+ tan x –2tan x/2 +C
(b) log  sec x– tan x  + 2tan x/2 +C
(c) log  sec x+ tan x + 2tan x +C (d) none
PARTIAL FRACTION : *
x2  1
 dx
x4 1
(1) Take x2 common from Neu. & Demo.
(1) Degree of Neu. < Degree of Deno.  use P. F. (2) If mid sign of Neu. is (– ve) then Deno. is change
(2) Degree of Neu.  Degree (Demo.)  Divide Neu. by  1
Deno. till case (1) reach. into  x  
x
(1) For integration Deno. should be of single factor having
degree 1 or 2 x2  4
Q52.  4
dx =
(2) If degree is 3 or more then MAKE it 1 and 2 x  16
dx dx  x 2  4  2 
 3
x 1
= ( x  1)( x 2
 x  1) (a)
1
2 2
tan–1 
 2x 2 
 + C(b)2tan–1  x  4 + C
  
 2x 2 
4x  x 2  3
Q47.  x 2  1 x 2  3 dx = (a) log  2  + c 1  x2  4
    x  1
(c)
2 2
tan–1 
 2x 3 
 + C(d)
 none of these
 x 2  1  x 2  1
1 x2  2
(b)log  2  + c(c) log  2  + c(d) none  dx
 x  3 2  x  3 Q53. 4 2
 x2  2
 1
( x  5 x  4 ) tan 
2x  3  x 

Q48.If x 2  5x  6 dx = 9 In (x – 3)
(a) log  cos–1(x +2/x )  + C
– 7 In (x – 2) + A then A = (b) log  cot–1(x +2/x )  + C
(a) 5 In (x – 2) + cons. (b)– 4In (x – 2) + cons. (c) log  tan–1(x +2/x )  + C(d)none of these
(c) Constant (d) none of these
dx
Q49. = * p q
If p is linear & q is linear put q = t
(a) x –2log x + log (x + 1) + log (x–1)
p is Quad. & q is linear put q = t
1
(b) x –2log x + log (x + 1) – log (x–1) p is linear & q is Quad. put p =
t
1
(c) x –2log x – log (x + 1) + log (x–1) p is Quad. & q is Quad. put x =
t
(d) none of these 1
dx Q54.  dx =
( x  1) x 2  1
Q50.  x 2  1 x 2  4 =
   1  1  1
2
1
1 –1 1 x (a) – 2
log  t   
 2
t  
 2

4
+C,
(a) tan x – tan–1 + c
3 3 2

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1 1
where t =
x 1
. (b) Degree of sin x and cos x  2, 4, ..... sin 4
x  cos4 x
 1  1
2
1 Divide by highest power of cos x then put
(b) log  t   
 2
t  
 2

4
+C, tan x = t
dx dx
where t =
1
x 1
* a b cos 2
x a b sin 2
x
dx
(c)
 1  1
log  t     t  
 2  2
2

1
2
+C, a cos x b sin x
2 2

dx
where t =
1
.
(a cos x b sin x) 2
x 1
(1) Divide by cos2x (2) put tan x = t
(d) none of these
Special Trigonometric Function – dx
(a) Degree of sin x and cos x are 1, 3, 5, Q55. 5  4 cos x
=
sin x
sin x  cos x dx 3 x 2 x
(a) tan–1 (3 tan ) + c (b) tan–1 (3 tan ) + c
2 2 3 2
2 tan x  1  tan 2  x  x
(c) tan–1 (3 tan ) + c (d) none of these
 2  2 2
use sin x = cos x =
1  tan 2  x  1  tan 2  x 
dx
 2  2
Q56. 
sin x  cos x
= [Ranchi BIT 1990]

x   x   x
then put tan =t (a) log tan    +c (b) log tan    + c
2  8 2  8 2
dx 2 dt 1   x
 = 
a  b cos mx m (a  b)  (a  b)t 2
(c)
2
log tan    +c(d) none of these
 8 2
 mx 
where t = tan   Q57. =
2
(a) x– log (4 cos x + 5 sin x )
dx 2
 =
a  b sin mx ma Q58. ( tan x  cot x ) dx = [MNR 1986]
(a) sin–1(sin x + cos x) (b) sin–1(sin x–cos x)
 mx  (c) 2 sin–1(sin x – cos x)(d) none of these
where t = tan 
2 dx

Q59. 2 2
a sin x  b 2 cos2 x
=
Mid sign is taken + or – according as 1 a 
(a) tan–1  tan x + c
ab  b 
is + or –
dx 1 b 
* a cos x  b sin x Divide by a 2  b 2 then change
(b)
ab
tan–1  tan x + c
a 
into sin (A  B) or cos (A  B) a a 
(c) tan–1  tan x + c
a cos x  b sin x b b 
* c cos x  d sin x dx = Ax + B log(Demo.) b a 
ac  bd  ad  cb (d) tan–1  tan x + c
a b 
A= ,B=
2
c d 2
c2  d 2 dx
Q60. 9 sin 2
x  4 cos2 x
=

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PATEL INSTITUTE OF EXCELLENCE 117 MATHS BOOK

3  2  (c) cot x – tan x + c (d) none of these

(a) tan–1  tan x + c (b) tan–1  tan x + c 3 3
2  3  sin x  cos x
2.  sin 2 x cos 2 x
dx =

3  1 3  (a) sec x – cosec x + c (b) sec x + cosec x + c

(c) 6 tan–1  tan x + c (d) tan–1  tan x + c (b) cosec x – sec x + c (d) none of these
2  6  2 
dx
Q61. 
dx
=
3.  1  sin x
=
(2 sin x  cos x ) 2
(a) tan x + sec x + c (b) sec x – tan x + c
1 1  1 (c) cosec x – cot x + c (d) tan x – sec x + c
(a)   + c (b) log (2 tan x + 1) + c
2  2 tan x  1 2 sin x  cos x  dx =
1 1
4.
1 1 1  1
(c) +c (d)   +c (a) x + c (b) x(sin–1x – cos–1x) + c
2  cot x 2  2 tan x  1 2
1 
Q62.  dx = (c) x (cos–1x + sin–1x) + c (d) +x+c
4 sin x  4 sin x cos x  5 cos2 x
2
2
2 x log x
1 –1  1 5. e dx =
(a) tan  tan x   + C.
4  2 1 1
(a) (2x – 1) e2x + c (b) (2x + 1) e2x + c
 1 4 4
(b) 2tan–1  tan x   + C.
 2 1 1
(c) (2x + 1) e2x + c (d) (2x – 1) e2x + c
1  1 2 2
(c) tan–1  tan x   + C. (d) none of these
3  2 e 5 log x  e 4 log x
8 cot x  1
6. e 3log x  e 2 log x dx = (a) e. 3–3x + c
Q63. 3 cot x  2
dx =
x3
(b) e3log x + c (c)
+c (d) none of these
(a) 2 x+ log  2 sinx +3 cos x  + C 3
(b) 3 x+ log  2 sinx – 3 cos x  + C
3 sin x cos x  sin x  dx =
2 3
7. (a) cos 3x
(c) 2 x – log  3 sinx + 3 cos x  + C (d) none
(b) 1/3 sin 3x (c) – 1/3 cos 3x (d) 1/3 cos 3x
INTEGRAL– ANSWERS –KEY
( x 3  8)( x  1)
1. c 2. c 3. d 4. c 5. c 6. b
8.  x 2  2x  4
dx equals

7. b 8. b 9. c 10. a 11. b 12. a x3 x2

13. b 14. c 15. b 16. a 17. c 18. c (a)   2x  c (b) x3 + x2 – 2x + c
3 2
19. b 20. a 21. a 22. a 23. b 24. b 1 3
25. a 26. c 27. a 28. c 29. a 30. b (c) (x + x2 – x) + c (d) none of these
3
31. c 32. b 33. b 34. b 35. c 36. b
dx
37. b 38. b 39. d 40. a 41. d 42. a 9.  dx =
43. b 44. a 45. b 46. d 47. b 48. c ax  b  ax  b
49.
55.
a
b
50.
56.
c
d
51.
57.
a
a
52.
58.
a
c
53.
59.
c
a
54.
60.
a
d
(a)
1
3ab 
ax b3/2  ax  b3/2 
 
61. c 62. a 63. a 1
(b) ax b3/2 ax  b3/2
3ab
(c)
1
3ab  
ax  b1/ 2  ax  b1/ 2 (d) none of these
INDEFINITE INTEGRALS 1  tan x
LEVEL - 1 10.  1  tan x
dx = [PET 1993]
(a) log (sinx + cos x) + c (b) log (sinx – cos x) + c
tan x  cot x  dx =
2
1. (c) log (sinx – cos x) + c (d) none of these
(a) tan x – cot x + c (b) tan x + cot x + c

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PATEL INSTITUTE OF EXCELLENCE 118 MATHS BOOK

1  tan 2 x x2 1
11. 1  tan x
dx = (a) log tan x + c 19.  x2  1
dx =
(b) log (1+ tan x) + c (c) –log tan x + c(d) none x 1 x 1
(a) log  c (b) log c
dx 1  x 4  1 x 1 x 1
12. x ( x 4  1)
= (a)
4
log  4  + c
 x  x 1 x 1
(c) x  log  c (d) x  log c
 x4  x 1 x 1
1 1
(b) log  4  + c (c) log x 4  1 +c (d) none 20. x cos x dx = (a) x2 sin x2 + cos x2 + c
3 2

4  x  1 4
1 2
sin 2 x (b) [x sin x2 – cos x2 ] + c
13. a 2
 b 2 sin 2 x
dx = [Roorkee 1977] 2
1 2
(a) b2 log ( a 2  b 2 sin 2 x ) + c (c) [x sin x2 + cos x2 ] + c(d) none of these
2
1
log x  dx = (a) (x log x)2 – 2x log x + 2x + c
2
(b) 2 log ( a 2  b 2 sin 2 x ) + c 21.
b (b) x (log x)2 – 2x log x + 2x + c
(c) log ( a 2  b 2 sin 2 x ) + c (d) none of these (c) x (log x)2 + 2x log x + 2x + c (d) none of these
ex  1 1 1 1
14.  x dx = (a) log (ex + 1) + c (b) log (ex – 1) + c 22. cot x dx = (a) x tan–1x + 2 log (1 + x2) + c
e 1
1 1 1
(c) 2 log (ex/2 + e–x/2) + c (d) log (ex/2 + e–x/2) + c (b) x cot–1 – log (1 + x2) + c
2 x 2
tan x 1 1
15. sin x cos x dx = (a) 2 sec x  c [PET 1985] (c) x cot–1 + log (1 + x2) + c (d) none of these
x 2
(b) 2 tan x  c (c) 2/ tan x  c (d) 2/ sec x  c 1  sin 2 x
e 1  cos 2 x dx =
2x
23.
16. dx =
(a) e2x tan x + c (b) e2x cot x + c
1
(a) tan3x – tan x + x + c (b) tan3x – tan x + x + c (c) (e tan x)/2 + c(d) (e2x cot x)/2 + c
2x
3 6x  8
1
(c) tan3x + tan x + x + c (d)None
24. (3x 2  8 x  5) dx =
3
(a) log. ( 3x 2  8 x  5) (b) 3 log. ( 3x 2  8 x  5)
17.  5 x dx =
cos
(c) 6. log. ( 3x 2  8 x  5) (d) none of these
2 1
(a) sin x  sin3 x  sin5 x (b) x
3 5 25. sin(log x ) dx = (a) 2 {sin(log x )  cos(log x )}
2 1
sin x  sin3 x  sin5 x x
3 5 (b) {sin(log x )  cos(log x )}
2
2
(c) sin x  sin 3 x  sin 5 x (d) none of these (c) x{sin(log x )  cos(log x )}
3
(d) x{sin(log x )  cos(log x )}
ax
18.  dx = dx  x  1  1
a x 26. x x 1
= (a) 


x  1  1
 1 x  2 2
(a) sin    a  x  c (b)  x  1  1  2 x  1  1
a
(b) log   (c) log   (d) none
 x  x  1  1  2 x  1  1
cos  1    a2  x2  c
 a dx
 1x 2 2
27. sin x  cos x = [PET 1990]
(c) a sin    a  x  c (d)   x   x
a (a) log tan    + c (b) log    + c
 8 2  8 2
 x
a cos 1    a2  x2  c
 a

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PATEL INSTITUTE OF EXCELLENCE 119 MATHS BOOK

1   x (c) 2 sin x – log (sec x – tan x) + c

(c) log tan    + c (d) none of these (d) None of these
2  8 2
1 2
dx 38.  dx = (a) a  be x  c
28. 1  3 sin 2 x
= [Roorkee 1989] a  be x b
1 1 1
(a) tan–1 (3 tan2x) + c (b) tan–1 (2 tan x) + c (b) 2b a  be x  c (c) a  be x (d) None
3 3 2b
(c) tan–1 ( tan x) + c (d) none of these x
sin 4x 2
39.  4
x 1
dx =
29. I = sin x
dx = (a) sin 3x +2 sin x
3 1  x 2  1 1  x 2  1
1 (a) log 2   c (b) log 2   c
(b) sin 3x –2 sin x (c) sin 3x +2 sin x (d) none 2  x  1 2  x  1
3
1  x 2  1 1  x 2  1
4e x  6e  x 19 35 (c) log 2  c (d) log 2  c
30. I =  x
9e  4e x
dx  (a)
36
x–
36
log  9ex–4 e–x 4  x  1 4  x  1
 
 x 

sintan
1
40.  dx = (a) 1 x2  c
 19 35 2 
1 x 
(b) x+ log  9ex– 4 e–x 
36 36 1 2
19 35 (b) x + c (c) cos 1  x 2  c (d)  cos 1  x 2  c
(c) x– log  9ex + 4 e–x  (d) none of these 2
36 36 dx
31
cos ecx
=
41. x 1 x3
=
cos ecx  cot x
1 x3  1
(a) cot x– cosec x + C (b) cot x + cosec x +C
(c) –cot x– cosec x +C (d) none of these
(a) log  
(1  x 2 )  1 (b)
1
3
log
1 x3  1
32. 1  2 tan xtan x  sec x  dx = [Roorkee 1988]
1/ 2
1 3
(c) .log{ 1  x 2  1} (d) . log{ 1  x 2  1}
(a) log sec x(sec x + tan x) + c 3 2
(b) log sec x – (sec x + tan x) + c d
42. If f ( x ) = x cos x + sin x and f(0) = 2, thenf(x) =
(c) log (sec x + tan x)/sec x + c (d) none of these dx
33. e x log a . e x dx = (a) x sin x + 2 (b) x cos x + sin x + 2
(c) x sin x –2 (d) x cos x + 2
(ae) x ex
(a) (ae)x (b) (c) (d) none x/ 2  x  x
log(ae) 1  log a 43. e sin 2  4  dx = (a) e x/2 cos 2  c
(1  2 x  3x
2 3
34.  4 x ....... ) dx = x x
(a) (1 + x) + c–1
(b) (1 – x)–1 + c (b) 2e x/ 2 cos +c(c) e x / 2 sin +c
2 2
(c) (1 – x)–1 – 1+ c (d) none of these x
x e 1  e x  1 (d) 2e x / 2 sin +c
2
35.  xe  ex
dx =
44.  sin(log x )  cos(log x ) dx =
(a) log( x e  e x )  c (b) e log( x e  e x )  c (a) x cos (log x) + c (b) sin (log x) + c
1 (c) cos (log x) + c (d) x sin (log x) + c
(c)  log( x e  e x )  c (d) log( x e  e x )  c
e
tan  1 x  1  x  x 
2

  1  x 2  dx = (a) x e tan x + c
1
dx 45. e 
36.  x (1 x )
dx =(a) tan–1 x + c
1 1 1
(b) cot–1 x + c (c) 2 tan–1 x + c(d) 2 cot–1 x + c (b) x2 e tan x + c (c) e tan x + c (d) none of these
x
cos 2x
37.  cos x
dx = [PET 1991]
46. ( x  3)
dx
= (a) tan–1 (x – 3)
(a) 2 sin x +log (sec x + tan x) + c x 2  6x  8
(b) 2 sin x – log (sec x + tan x) + c (b) sec–1 (x – 3) (c) cosec–1 (x + 3) (d) none of these

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PATEL INSTITUTE OF EXCELLENCE 120 MATHS BOOK

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PATEL INSTITUTE OF EXCELLENCE 121 MATHS BOOK

FOR IIT
No. Integral Method of integration
1. dx Reduction formula is used
In = ( x 2  1) n x 2n  3
In = In–1 +
(2n  2)( x 2  1) n 1
2n  2
2.  m r 
 x , x n ,.. , x s  dx Reduced to the integral of a rational fraction by the substitution x = tk,
 
R


, where R m r
where k is a common denominator of the fractions , ,............,
is a rational function of its n s
arguments.
3. 
  ax  b  n 
1
Reduced to the integral of a rational fraction by the substitution
 R x ,    dx
 cx  d  ,where R ax  b
  = tn
cx  d
is a rational function of its
arguments.
4. 
R x , ax 2  bx  c 
 dx where Reduced to an integral of rational fraction by the Euler substitution:

R is a rational function of x and ax 2  bx  c = t  x a , (a > 0),

ax 2  bx  c ax 2  bx  c = tx  c , (c > 0),
ax 2  bx  c = t(x– x1) (4ac –b2< 0).where x1 is the root of the trinomial
ax2 + bx +c.
The indicated integral can also be evaluated by the trigonnometric
substitutions:
 b  4ac
2
b  sin t
x+ =  b 2a 4ac
2
2a  2a cos t (a  0,4ac  b  0 2

 b 2  4ac
b 

sec t
x+ = 
2a
 b 2  4ac
2a 
 2a
cos ec t (a  0,4ac  b 2  0)

 4ac  b 2
b  tan t
x+ = 2a
4ac  b 2
2a  2a
cot t ( a  0,4ac  b 2  0)

5. P ( x) dx P ( x )dx dx
 ax 2n  bx  c dx, where Write the equality  ax 2n  bx  c =Q (x)
n–1 ax 2  bx  c +k  ax 2  bx  c ,
Pn(x) is a polynomial of degree where Qn –1(x) is a polynomial of degree n –1.Differentiating both parts of
n. this equality and multiplying by ax 2  bx  c , we get the identity
p n ( x ) = Qn –1(x) (ax2 +bx + c)+ 1 Qn–1 (x)(2ax+ b) + k. which gives a system
2
of n +1 linear equations for determining the coefficients of the polynomial
dx
Qn–1 (x) and factor k. And the integral  ax 2 bx  c is taken by the

method considered in no 10 (M = 0 ; N = 1).

6. dx 1
( x  x1 ) m ax 2  bx  c
This integral is reduced to the above-considered integral by the substitution x– x1 =
t
7. x
m
( a  bx n ) p dx , This integral is expressed through elementary functions only if one of the following
conditions is fulfilled:
where m,n p are rational m 1 m 1
numbers (an integral of a (i) if p is an integer, (ii) if is an integer (iii) if +p is an
n n
binomial differential).
integer .
1st case : (a) if p is a positive integer, remove the brackets (a +bxn )p
according to the newton binomial and calculate the intgrals of powers;
(b) if p is a negaitive integer, then the substitution x = tk, where k is
the common denominator of the fractions m and n, leads to the integral of a
rational fraction;
m 1
2nd case if is an integer, then the substitution a +bxn = tk is
n
applied, where k is the denominator of the fraction p;
m 1
3rd case if + p is an integer, then the substitution a +bxn = xn tk
n
8. x
R(sin x , cos x )dx Universal substitution tan  t . If R (–sin x, cos x ) = –R (sin x, cos x),
2
then the substitution cos x = t is applied.
If R (sin x,–cos x)= –R(sin x, cos x), then the substitution sin x = t is applied
If R (–sin x, –cos x) = R( sin x,cos x),then the substitution tan x = t is applied

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PATEL INSTITUTE OF EXCELLENCE 122 MATHS BOOK

9. R(sinh x , cosh x )dx x

The substitutuin tanh  t is used . In this case
2
2t 1 t 2 2dt
sinh = 2 ; cosh x = dx =
1 t 1 t 2 1 t2
10. R sin p x cos q x dx Reduce to the integral of the binomial differential by the subs sin x = t
sin x cos x dx = t (1  t ) dt (see N0. 7).
p q p 2 q 1
(0< x< /2), p and q–rational
numbers
11. Re  dx Transform into an integral of a rational function by the substitution eax = t
ax

INDEFINTE INTEGRAL

LEVEL – 2

x/2
1. e sec 2x(1+ 4 tan 2x) is equal to :
(a) 4ex/2 sec 2x + c (b) 2ex/2 sec 2x + c
1 x/2
(c) ex/2 sec 2x + c (d) e sec 2x + c
2
dx
2. (1  x ) (x  x2 )
dx is equal to :

1 x 1 x
(a) 2 +c (b) +c
(1  x ) (1  x ) 2

(c)
1 x
+c (d)
2 x1 + c
(1  x )2 1 x

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PATEL INSTITUTE OF EXCELLENCE 123 MATHS BOOK

x
x  1
3. I1 = 2 dx = p(x) + c1 and I2 =  2  dx = m(x) +
(c) sin–1 (d) none
c2 , then p(x) – m(x) is equal to : 15.  tan x. tan 2 x. tan 3x dx is equal to
(a) {log e (2)}(2x + 2–x) (b) (log e 2)(2x + 2–x) (a) log sin 3x +log sin 2 x + log sin x + c
1 (b) log (sec 3x sec 2x sec x ) + c
(c) (2x – 2–x) (d) (log 2e)(2x +2–x)
log e 2
4. If the primitive of sin –3/2x sin –3/2( x + ) is (c) log | sec 3x| – log | sec 2x| – log | sec x | + c
–2 cosec  f ( x ) + c, then : (d) none
sin x
(a) f (x) = (b) f (x) = tan (x + ) 16. The value of dt is equal to
sin( x   )
sin( x   ) tan( x   ) (a) 4(x – tan–1x) if x < 0 (b) 0 if x > 0
(c) f (x) = (d) f (x) = 2
sin x tan x (c) log (1+ x ) if x > 0 (d) none
 1
5. If g ( x ) dx  g ( x )

then g ( x ) log x 

 dx
x
17. dx is equal to
is equal to (a) tan–1(tan x–cot x) + C (b) sin–1(sin 2x) + C
1 (c) tan–1(tan x +cot x) +C (d) cot–1(tan x +cot x) + C
(a) g(x) (b) g(x) log x (c) g(x) (d) g(x) + log x.
x
6.
ex 18. dx = –
e . e . e dx is equal to
e ex x

1 x 1 x 2
+ f(x) + C, then f(x) may be
(a) 2e e (b)
 x x 
(c) e e e (d) e e e
 eee



2 
2 
(a) sin x (b) x sin x (c) tan x (d) cot x
3
7.  x dx is equal 4 x
19. If dx = log (x + 4 ) + C, then a =
4 4 4
x x x
(a) (b) (c) (d)none
4 4 4 (a) log 4 e (b) 1 (c) log e 4 (d) 4
e
x log a x
8. .e dx equal to 1/6
20. If z = (x + 1) and dx,
x
x e
(a) (a e) + c(b) +c(c) 1  log a +c (d) none
a + C , then a =
e e
ax ax
9. If u = cos bx dx and v = sin bx dx , then
(a2 + b2) (u2 + v 2) = (a) 1 (b) 6 (c) –6 (d) none
ax ax
(a) 2e (b) (a2 + b2) e 2 21. dx =
ax ax
(c) e 2 (d) (a2 – b2) e 2
2x  3  5 
10.If ( x  1)( x 2  1) dx = loge  2 a
( x  1) 2 ( x  1) 

 

(a) +C

1
tan –1x + A – (b) +C
2
Where A is any arbitrary constant, then the value of
'a' is (a) 5/4 (b)– 5/3 (c) –5/6 (d) –5/4 x
(c) e +C (d) none
2
x 1
11. x( x 2  1) dx is equal to
22. dx = log | – f(x) | + f(x) + C, then
2 2
x 1 x 1
(a) log +C (b) – log +C f(x)=
x x
x x (a) (b) (c) (d) none
(c) log 2 + C (d) – log 2 +C
x 1 x 1
cos x  sin x x  x 2 / 3  x 1/ 6
12.  dx equals 23. I =  x (1  x1/ 3 )
dx is equal to :
sin 2 x
(a) cos h –1(sin x + cos x) + c 3 2/3
(a) x + 6 tan –1(x1/6) + c
(b) sin h –1 (sin x + cos x) + c 2
(c) – cos h –1(sin x + cos x) + c 3 2/3
(d) – sin h –1 (sin x + cos x) + c (b) x –6 tan –1(x1/6) + c
2
3 2/3
13. The value of dx is (c) x + tan –1(x1/6) + c(d) none of these
2
(a)
x
sec–1(x ) + c (b) tan–1(x ) + c
x dx
24.  is equal to :
(c) log(x + +c (d) none ( x  2 ) ( x  3)9 / 8
7/8

1/ 8 1/ 8
8  x  2 5  x  2
(a)   +c (b)   +c
14. The value of 5  x  3 8  x  3
1/ 8 1/ 8
5 x  3 8 x  3
dx is (c)   + c (d)   +c
(a) cos –1 (b) tan–1 [f(x) (x)] 8  x  2 5  x  2

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PATEL INSTITUTE OF EXCELLENCE 124 MATHS BOOK

x2  2 dx
  x2  2
dx 34. I = ( 2 x  1)(1  ( 2 x  1)
25.
( x 4  5 x 2  4 ) tan  1  
 x  2x  1 2x  1
(a) tan–1 + c (b) loge +c
(a) log  cos (x +2/x )  + C
–1 1  2x  1 1  2x  1
(b) log  cot–1(x +2/x )  + C  1  2x 1 1  2x  1
(c) log  tan–1(x +2/x )  + C(d) none of these (c) log e   +c (d) tan–1 +c
 2x 1  2x  1
n 5 
 1 x2  1 x log e x
26.  x 
 x


 x2
 dx =

 35. I = ( is equal to
x 2  1 )3
n 6
 1  x2 1
n6 log e x
 x 
(a)  x + c (b)  2  (n +6)+ c (a) sec–1x + +c
 x  x2  1
n6
n6
x
 x  (b) sec–1x + +c
(c)  2  (n+ 6) + c (d) none x2  1
 x 1
ln x
x  (cos  1 3x ) 2 (c) sec–1x – +c (d) none of these
27. If  dx = A 1  9 x 2 + x2  1
1  9x 2 dx
B(cos 3x)3+ c , where c is integration constant, then
–1 36. If I = ( 2 x  5) 4 x 2  20 x  16
the values of A and B are :
1  2 x  5
1 1 1 = sec–1   + c then
(a) A = – , B = – (b) A = – , B = m  p 
9 9 9
1 1 1 1
(c) A = ,B= (d) none of these (a) m = , p = (b) m –6, p = 3
9 9 6 3
(c) m = 6, p = 3 (d) m = –6, p = –3
28. f(x) = cos 2 (ln x ) dx is equal to :
x x  2
x x cos( 2 ln x )  2 x sin ( 2 ln x ) 37. I = e dx is equal to
(a) + +c ( x  4 )3
2 10
ex ex
x (a) +c (b) +c
(b) [ 5 + cos (2 ln x) – 2 sin(2 ln x)] + c x 4 ( x  4)2
10
x xe x
(c) [ 5 + cos (2 ln x) + 2 sin(2 ln x)] + c (c) +c (d) none of these
10 ( x  4)
(d) none dx
 2x 
38. x  a2  x2
is equal to
29. sin  1 
 1 x2 
 dx =
1 x
(a) sin–1 + ln x  a 2  x 2 + c
(a) 2x tan–1x + 2 log [cos (tan–1x)] + c 2 2
(b) 2x tan–1x – 2 log [cos (tan–1x)] + c 1 x
(c) – 2x tan–1x – 2 log [cos (tan–1x)] + c (d) none (b) sin–1 + ln ( x a 2  x 2 )  c
2 2
x 2
1 dx = (a) 1 x
30.  x  1
ex 2
ex /(1 + x2) [MNR 1988] (c)
2
sin–1 + ln ( a  a2  x 2 )  c (d) none
2
4
x 1 cos x  1
(b) ex /(1 + x)2 (c) ex (d) none of these 39. I =  dx
x 1 cot x  tan x
x2  1 1
(a) – [cos 2 2x + 4 cos 2x + 10 log e cos 2x]+ c
31. x 4  x 2  1 = 32
1
1  x 2  x  1 1  x 2  x  1 (b) [cos 2 2x – 4 cos 2x + 10 log e cos 2x]+ c
(a) log  2  +c (b) log   +c 32
2  x  x  1 2  x 2  x  1 1
 x 2  x  1  x 2  x  1 (c) [cos 2 2x – 4 cos 2x – 10 log e cos 2x]+ c
1 
1
 +c (d) log   +c
32
(c) log  2   2 
2  x  x  1 2  x  x  1 (d) none of these
40. The value of the integral
32. The function f whose graph passes through the point
sin 2 x
e (cos x  cos 3 x ) sin x dx is
(0,7/3) and whose derivative is x 1  x 2 is given by
(a) f(x) = ( –1/3)[(1– x2)3/2 – 8] 1
(a) sin 2 x (3 – sin2x) + c
(b) f(x) = (1/3)[(1– x2)3/2 + 8] 2 e
(c) f(x) = ( –1/3)[sin–1x + 7](d) none of these  1 2 
(b) esin 2 x  1  cos x  + c
px mx
33. I = a b dx is equal to  2 
 loge a pbm  (c) esin 2 x (3cos2x + 2 sin2x)+ c
(a) (apx bmx loge a bm) + c (b)  px mx  +c
p
(c) esin 2 x (2cos2x + 3 sin2x)+ c
 a b  x
 a px b mx 
41. I = x log e ( ex )dx is equal to
x
(c)   +c (d) none of these (a)xx+ c (b) x log e x (c) x log e x (d) none
 log e a p b m 
 1 1 
42. I = tan  2  dx is equal to
 x  x  1

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PATEL INSTITUTE OF EXCELLENCE 125 MATHS BOOK

1 1
(a) x tan–1 (c) (2x  2 x ) (d) {log e e}(2x+ 2–x)
x2  x 1 loge 2
1  1
+ loge 2 2 +c 46. If I = x log e  1   dx
(2  x ) 1  x 2x  x  x
1 = p(x) log e (x + 1)+g(x) x2 + L x + c, then
(b) x cot–1(x2–x + 1)+ loge
(2  x) 1 x2 2x  x2 1
(a) p(x) = x2 (b) g(x) = log e x
+c 2
(c) L =1 (d) none
(c) tan–1 +c

(d) x tan–1 ANSWER LEVEL - 1

1 A 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. A 6. C
–tan–1(1 – x) + log +c 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. A 11. B 12. B
43. I = ( 2 x  3)6 m  3nx  nx 2 dx is equal to 13. B 14. C 15. B 16. B 17. A 18. C
16 19. C 20. C 21. B 22. B 23. C 24. A
(a) ( m  3nx  nx 2 )7 + c
n
(b) m6 m  3nx  nx 2 + c 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B
1 2 7 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. D 36. C
(c) 6  ( nx  3nx  m) + c (d) none of these
n
sin 2 x 37. B 38. D 39. D 40. B 41. B 42. A
44. I =  dx is equal to
8 sin x  17 cos 2 x
2
43. D 44. D 45. A 46. B
1
(a) – log e( 8 sin2x + 17 cos 2x) + c
9
1
ANSWER LEVEL - 2
(b) log e 9 +c 1. a 2. d 3. d 4. c 5. b 6. c
8  9 cos 2 x 7. c 8. b 9. c 10. d 11. a 12. b
1 13. a 14. d 15. a 16. a 17. a 18. c
(c) log e 9 +c (d) none of these 19. c 20. c 21. c 22. b 23. a 24. a
17  9 sin 2 x
x
25. c 26. a 27. a 28. a 29. a 30. c
45. I1 = 2 dx = p(x) + c1 and 31. d 32. a 33. c 34. b 35. c 36. c
x 37. b 38. a 39. a 40. ab 41. a 42. d
 1
I2 =   dx = m(x)+ c1 then p(x)–m(x) is equal to 43. a 44. a 45. c 46. d
 2
(a) {log e(2)}(2x– 2–x) (b) {log e2}(2x+ 2–x)

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