Scribd
Upload
11 views

Problem

Uploaded by

Priyadharshini
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
11 views

Problem

Uploaded by

Priyadharshini
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 9

Linear Programming Model to Maximize Profit in Agriculture

Linear programming (LP) is a mathematical optimization technique that helps


allocate limited resources effectively. In this case, the LP model is used to
maximize the profit from growing two crops while considering resource
constraints like water and labor availability. Here's a detailed explanation:

---

1. Problem Statement

A farmer has limited land, water, and labor resources to cultivate two crops
(e.g., wheat and rice). Each crop has specific requirements for water and
labor, and the goal is to determine the optimal area to allocate for each crop
to maximize profit.

---

2. Assumptions

1. The farmer grows only two crops, wheat and rice.

2. The total available land, water, and labor are limited.

3. The profit per acre for each crop is known.


4. Resource requirements (water and labor) for each crop per acre are fixed.

---

3. Decision Variables

Let:

: Area (in acres) allocated to wheat.

: Area (in acres) allocated to rice.

---

4. Objective Function

The objective is to maximize profit. Let:

: Profit per acre of wheat (e.g., ₹2,000).


: Profit per acre of rice (e.g., ₹3,000).

\text{Maximize } Z = P_1 x_1 + P_2 x_2

---

5. Constraints

A. Land Constraint

The total area allocated to wheat and rice should not exceed the available
land ():

x_1 + x_2 \leq L

---

B. Water Constraint

The total water required for both crops must not exceed the available water
():

W_1 x_1 + W_2 x_2 \leq W


: Water required per acre for wheat (e.g., 3 units).

: Water required per acre for rice (e.g., 5 units).

: Total water available (e.g., 40 units).

---

C. Labor Constraint

The total labor required for both crops must not exceed the available labor ():

L_1 x_1 + L_2 x_2 \leq L_b

: Labor required per acre for wheat (e.g., 2 units).

: Labor required per acre for rice (e.g., 4 units).

: Total labor available (e.g., 24 units).

---

D. Non-Negativity Constraints
The area allocated to each crop cannot be negative:

x_1 \geq 0, \quad x_2 \geq 0

---

6. Complete Linear Programming Model

Objective Function:

\text{Maximize } Z = P_1 x_1 + P_2 x_2

Subject to Constraints:

1. Land constraint:

x_1 + x_2 \leq L

W_1 x_1 + W_2 x_2 \leq W

L_1 x_1 + L_2 x_2 \leq L_b

x_1 \geq 0, \quad x_2 \geq 0


---

7. Numerical Example

Given Data

Total land (): 10 acres.

Total water (): 40 units.

Total labor (): 24 units.

Profit per acre: for wheat, for rice.

Water requirements: units for wheat, units for rice.

Labor requirements: units for wheat, units for rice.

LP Model

Objective Function:

\text{Maximize } Z = 2000x_1 + 3000x_2


Constraints:

1. Land constraint:

x_1 + x_2 \leq 10

3x_1 + 5x_2 \leq 40

2x_1 + 4x_2 \leq 24

x_1 \geq 0, \quad x_2 \geq 0

---

8. Solution Method

Graphical Method (for two variables):

1. Plot Constraints: Represent the constraints on a graph with on the x-axis


and on the y-axis.

2. Feasible Region: Identify the region that satisfies all constraints.


3. Objective Function Line: Draw lines for the objective function () and move
it outward to find the maximum value within the feasible region.

4. Optimal Point: The optimal solution lies at a vertex of the feasible region.

Using Software Tools:

Alternatively, software like Excel Solver, Python (with PuLP or SciPy), or Lingo
can solve the LP model.

---

9. Interpretation of Results

The solution will provide values for and (acres allocated to wheat and rice)
that maximize profit.

The total profit () can be calculated using the optimal values of and .

---
10. Conclusion

Linear programming provides a structured approach to resource allocation in


agriculture. By considering constraints like water and labor, farmers can
optimize the land use for maximum profitability. This model is not only useful
for small-scale farmers but also for large agricultural enterprises and
policymakers to make data-driven decisions.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy