Pediatric Vitamins and Rickets MCQs

4. Which of the following vitamin helps in blood clotting?

(a) Vitamin A

(b) Vitamin C

(c) Vitamin D

(d) Vitamin K

Sol:(d) Vitamin K.

5. Which is the leading cause of blindness in children worldwide?

(a) Glaucoma

(b) Cataracts

(c) Colour blindness

(d) Vitamin A deficiency

Sol: (d) Vitamin A deficiency.

6. Which of the following vitamin deficiency causes Beriberi?

(a) Vitamin B1

(b) Vitamin B2

(c) Vitamin B6

(d) Vitamin B12

Sol: (a) Vitamin B1.

7. Who is most likely to develop scurvy – A vitamin C deficiency?

(a) A pregnant woman

(b) A malnourished child

(c) A long-time alcoholic

(d) A person with the eating disorder anorexia nervosa

Sol: (c) A long-time alcoholic.

8. Which of the following vitamin functions as both, hormone and visual pigment?

(a) Thiamine

(b) Retinal

(c) Riboflavin

(d) Folic acid

Sol: (b) Retinal.

9. Which of the following nutrient deficiency causes megaloblastic anaemia?

(a) Folic acid

(b) Niacin

(c) Pyridoxine

(d) Cobalamin

Sol:(a) Folic acid.

10. Which of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin?

(a) Vitamin B

(b) Vitamin C

(c) Vitamin B12

(d) Vitamin K

Sol:(d) Vitamin K.

11. Which of the following diseases is caused by the deficiency of Niacin?

(a) Scurvy

(b) Rickets

(c) Pellagra

(d) Pernicious anaemia

Sol: (c) Pellagra.

12. Which of the following vitamins serves as a hormone precursor?

(a) Vitamin A

(b) Vitamin C

(c) Vitamin D

(d) Vitamin K

Sol: (c) Vitamin D.

13. Which of the following is a component of the coenzyme A?

(a) Retinol

(b) Pyridoxine

(c) Retinoic acid

(d) Pantothenic acid

Sol: (d) Pantothenic acid.

14. Which of the following vitamins is also known as cobalamin?

(a) Vitamin B11

(b) Vitamin B2

(c) Vitamin B6

(d) Vitamin B12

Sol: (d) Vitamin B12.

15. Which of the following statements is false about Ascorbic acid?

(a) It shows antioxidant activity

(b) It is a strong reducing agent

(c) It can be synthesized in the body

(d) Involved in the hydroxylation of prolyl- and lysyl- residues of collagen

Sol: (c) It can be synthesized in the body.

16. Which of the following vitamins has a coenzyme function?

(a) Vitamin A

(b) Vitamin C

(c) Vitamin B

(d) All of the above

Sol:(d) All of the above.

17. Which of the following food source are the best sources of vitamin A?

(a) Sweet potato

(b) Poultry

(c) Legumes

(d) Dairy products

Sol: (a) Sweet potato.

18. Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin?

(a) Vitamin B1

(b) Vitamin C

(c) Vitamin B2

(d) All of the above

Sol:(d) All of the above.

19. Weakness in muscles and increase in the fragility of red blood cells is caused due to the
__________.

(a) Deficiency of vitamin E

(b) Deficiency of vitamin D

(c) Deficiency of vitamin C

(d) Deficiency of vitamin A

Sol: (a) Deficiency of vitamin E.

20. Which of the following is the scientific name of Vitamin K?

(a) Ascorbic acid

(b) Phytonadione

(c) Tocopherol

(d) Pantothenic Acid

Sol: (b) Phytonadione.

1. Which vitamin is primarily associated with rickets in children?

o A) Vitamin A
o B) Vitamin B12
o C) Vitamin C
o D) Vitamin D
Answer: D) Vitamin D

2. What is the primary cause of rickets?

o A) Excessive sun exposure
o B) Vitamin D deficiency
o C) Overconsumption of dairy
o D) Lack of exercise
Answer: B) Vitamin D deficiency

3. Which of the following foods is highest in vitamin D?

o A) Spinach
o B) Salmon
o C) Apples
 o D) Rice
Answer: B) Salmon

4. A child with rickets typically presents with which of the following

symptoms?
o A) Weight loss
o B) Bone pain and tenderness
o C) Severe headaches
o D) Frequent urination
Answer: B) Bone pain and tenderness

5. What is the role of vitamin D in the body?

o A) Increases appetite
o B) Helps in calcium absorption
o C) Boosts immunity
o D) Aids in digestion
Answer: B) Helps in calcium absorption

6. Which of the following is a risk factor for developing rickets?

o A) High dietary fiber
o B) Exclusively breastfeeding without vitamin D
supplementation
o C) Regular outdoor activities
o D) Adequate calcium intake
Answer: B) Exclusively breastfeeding without
vitamin D supplementation

7. What is the recommended daily intake of vitamin D for infants?

o A) 200 IU
o B) 400 IU
o C) 600 IU
o D) 800 IU
Answer: B) 400 IU

8. Which type of rickets is caused by a genetic defect in the vitamin D

receptor?
o A) Nutritional rickets
o B) X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets
o C) Renal rickets
o D) Osteomalacia
Answer: B) X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets

9. In addition to vitamin D, which mineral is essential for preventing

rickets?
o A) Iron
o B) Calcium
o C) Magnesium
o D) Zinc
Answer: B) Calcium
10. Which age group is most commonly affected by rickets?
o A) Newborns
o B) Infants and toddlers
o C) School-aged children
o D) Adolescents
Answer: B) Infants and toddlers

11. What condition can result from excessive vitamin D intake?

o A) Rickets
o B) Hypercalcemia
o C) Scurvy
o D) Pellagra
Answer: B) Hypercalcemia

12. Which vitamin deficiency can lead to scurvy?

o A) Vitamin A
o B) Vitamin B6
o C) Vitamin C
o D) Vitamin D
Answer: C) Vitamin C

13. What is the primary source of vitamin D for children?

o A) Sunlight
o B) Meat
o C) Fruits
o D) Vegetables
Answer: A) Sunlight

14. What is the most common form of rickets?

o A) Vitamin D-deficient rickets
o B) Genetic rickets
o C) Renal rickets
o D) Osteogenic rickets
Answer: A) Vitamin D-deficient rickets

15. Which of the following tests is most commonly used to diagnose rickets?
o A) Bone scan
o B) Serum calcium test
o C) Serum alkaline phosphatase
o D) Complete blood count
Answer: C) Serum alkaline phosphatase

16. What is a potential long-term consequence of untreated rickets?

o A) Improved growth
o B) Deformities in bone structure
o C) Increased immunity
o D) Enhanced motor skills
Answer: B) Deformities in bone structure
17. Which of the following can lead to vitamin D deficiency?
o A) Living in northern latitudes
o B) Regular sun exposure
o C) High dairy intake
o D) Eating fatty fish
Answer: A) Living in northern latitudes

18. What is the relationship between rickets and dietary calcium?

o A) Calcium deficiency is unrelated to rickets
o B) Low calcium intake can contribute to rickets
o C) High calcium intake leads to rickets
o D) Calcium prevents all vitamin deficiencies
Answer: B) Low calcium intake can contribute to
rickets

19. Which vitamin is essential for bone health and growth in children?
o A) Vitamin A
o B) Vitamin B
o C) Vitamin C
o D) Vitamin D
Answer: D) Vitamin D

20. What is the treatment of choice for rickets?

o A) Surgery
o B) Vitamin D and calcium supplementation
o C) Antibiotics
o D) Pain relief medication
Answer: B) Vitamin D and calcium
supplementation

21. Which form of vitamin D is most effective in treating deficiency?

o A) Vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol)
o B) Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol)
o C) Vitamin A
o D) Vitamin K
Answer: B) Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol)

22. What is the term for softening of the bones due to vitamin D deficiency?
o A) Osteoporosis
o B) Osteomalacia
o C) Osteogenesis
o D) Osteosarcoma
Answer: B) Osteomalacia

23. Which of the following is NOT a sign of rickets?

o A) Bowed legs
o B) Thickened wrists
o C) Normal height
 o D) Delayed growth
Answer: C) Normal height

24. Which condition can occur in children with chronic kidney disease that
affects vitamin D metabolism?
o A) Osteoporosis
o B) Secondary hyperparathyroidism
o C) Scurvy
o D) Pellagra
Answer: B) Secondary hyperparathyroidism

25. Which demographic group is most at risk for rickets?

o A) Caucasian children
o B) Children with dark skin
o C) Children living in urban areas
o D) All children equally
Answer: B) Children with dark skin

26. What is the best preventive measure against rickets in infants?

o A) Exclusive breastfeeding
o B) Vitamin D supplementation
o C) High iron intake
o D) Regular vaccinations
Answer: B) Vitamin D supplementation

27. Which of the following could be a symptom of vitamin A deficiency?

o A) Night blindness
o B) Joint pain
o C) Constipation
o D) Weight gain
Answer: A) Night blindness

28. What is the recommended treatment for a child diagnosed with rickets?
o A) Calcium-rich diet
o B) Surgical intervention
o C) Increased physical activity
o D) Vitamin D supplementation
Answer: D) Vitamin D supplementation

29. Which vitamin is known for its role in collagen synthesis?

o A) Vitamin A
o B) Vitamin C
o C) Vitamin D
o D) Vitamin K
Answer: B) Vitamin C

30. What is the primary function of vitamin K in children?

o A) Bone metabolism
o B) Blood clotting
 o C) Immune function
o D) Energy production
Answer: B) Blood clotting

31. Which vitamin is often referred to as the "sunshine vitamin"?

o A) Vitamin A
o B) Vitamin B12
o C) Vitamin C
o D) Vitamin D
Answer: D) Vitamin D

32. In cases of vitamin D-resistant rickets, what is often elevated in blood

tests?
o A) Calcium
o B) Phosphorus
o C) Alkaline phosphatase
o D) Potassium
Answer: C) Alkaline phosphatase

33. What is the impact of vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy?

o A) No impact
o B) Increased risk of rickets in offspring
o C) Improved maternal health
o D) Decreased birth weight
Answer: B) Increased risk of rickets in offspring.

1. Which vitamin is primarily associated with preventing rickets in

children?
o A) Vitamin A
o B) Vitamin B12
o C) Vitamin C
o D) Vitamin D
Answer: D) Vitamin D

2. What is the main cause of nutritional rickets?

o A) Excessive calcium intake
o B) Vitamin D deficiency
o C) High iron levels
o D) Protein malnutrition
Answer: B) Vitamin D deficiency

3. Which of the following is a rich source of vitamin D?

o A) Carrots
o B) Milk
o C) Salmon
o D) Apples
Answer: C) Salmon

4. What is the hallmark clinical feature of rickets?

 o A) Short stature
o B) Bowed legs
o C) Tooth decay
o D) Skin rash
Answer: B) Bowed legs

5. How does vitamin D affect calcium levels in the body?

o A) Decreases calcium absorption
o B) Increases calcium absorption
o C) Has no effect on calcium
o D) Causes calcium excretion
Answer: B) Increases calcium absorption

6. Which of the following populations is most at risk for developing rickets?

o A) Children with adequate sun exposure
o B) Infants exclusively breastfed without supplementation
o C) Children on a high-protein diet
o D) Children with regular access to dairy
Answer: B) Infants exclusively breastfed without
supplementation

7. What is the recommended daily intake of vitamin D for infants?

o A) 100 IU
o B) 200 IU
o C) 400 IU
o D) 600 IU
Answer: C) 400 IU

8. Which form of vitamin D is most effective in treating deficiency?

o A) Vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol)
o B) Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol)
o C) Vitamin A
o D) Vitamin K
Answer: B) Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol)

9. What is a classic radiological finding in rickets?

o A) Fractures
o B) Osteopenia
o C) Widening of growth plates
o D) Normal bone density
Answer: C) Widening of growth plates

10. What is the primary function of vitamin D in bone health?

o A) Increases bone density
o B) Regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism
o C) Stimulates bone growth
o D) Prevents bone loss
Answer: B) Regulates calcium and phosphorus
metabolism
11. What condition may develop from excessive vitamin D intake?
o A) Rickets
o B) Osteomalacia
o C) Hypercalcemia
o D) Scurvy
Answer: C) Hypercalcemia

12. Which of the following is NOT a symptom of rickets?

o A) Delayed growth
o B) Muscle weakness
o C) Severe headaches
o D) Bowed legs
Answer: C) Severe headaches

13. Which vitamin deficiency can cause scurvy?

o A) Vitamin A
o B) Vitamin C
o C) Vitamin D
o D) Vitamin E
Answer: B) Vitamin C

14. What is the recommended treatment for rickets?

o A) Surgery
o B) Vitamin D and calcium supplementation
o C) Antipyretics
o D) Increased physical activity
Answer: B) Vitamin D and calcium
supplementation

15. Which vitamin is crucial for collagen synthesis?

o A) Vitamin A
o B) Vitamin C
o C) Vitamin D
o D) Vitamin K
Answer: B) Vitamin C

16. What dietary source is most beneficial for increasing vitamin C levels?
o A) Meat
o B) Citrus fruits
o C) Dairy products
o D) Whole grains
Answer: B) Citrus fruits

17. Which age group is most commonly affected by rickets?

o A) Newborns
o B) Infants and toddlers
o C) School-aged children
o D) Adolescents
Answer: B) Infants and toddlers
18. What is the primary dietary source of vitamin D for children?
o A) Fish
o B) Vegetables
o C) Nuts
o D) Grains
Answer: A) Fish

19. Which demographic factor increases the risk of rickets?

o A) Living in sunny climates
o B) Dark skin pigmentation
o C) High consumption of dairy
o D) Adequate outdoor activity
Answer: B) Dark skin pigmentation

20. What is the impact of low vitamin D levels on parathyroid hormone

(PTH)?
o A) Decreased PTH production
o B) Increased PTH production
o C) No impact on PTH
o D) PTH becomes inactive
Answer: B) Increased PTH production

21. What role does sunlight play in vitamin D synthesis?

o A) It reduces vitamin D levels
o B) It activates vitamin D production
o C) It has no effect on vitamin D
o D) It causes vitamin D destruction
Answer: B) It activates vitamin D production

22. What is a potential long-term consequence of untreated rickets?

o A) Improved bone strength
o B) Bone deformities
o C) Enhanced immune function
o D) Weight gain
Answer: B) Bone deformities

23. What is the typical blood test used to diagnose rickets?

o A) Complete blood count
o B) Serum calcium test
o C) Serum alkaline phosphatase test
o D) Liver function test
Answer: C) Serum alkaline phosphatase test

24. Which condition can lead to vitamin D-resistant rickets?

o A) Nutritional deficiency
o B) Genetic disorders
o C) Excessive sun exposure
o D) Osteoporosis
Answer: B) Genetic disorders
25. What is the role of vitamin K in the body?
o A) Aids in calcium absorption
o B) Promotes blood clotting
o C) Supports immune function
o D) Enhances skin health
Answer: B) Promotes blood clotting

26. Which type of food is a good source of vitamin A?

o A) Spinach
o B) Cheese
o C) Carrots
o D) Chicken
Answer: C) Carrots

27. What condition is caused by a deficiency of vitamin B1?

o A) Scurvy
o B) Pellagra
o C) Beriberi
o D) Rickets
Answer: C) Beriberi

28. Which vitamin is important for vision?

o A) Vitamin A
o B) Vitamin D
o C) Vitamin E
o D) Vitamin K
Answer: A) Vitamin A

29. What are the effects of vitamin D toxicity?

o A) Bone strengthening
o B) Calcium deposition in soft tissues
o C) Enhanced growth
o D) Improved muscle function
Answer: B) Calcium deposition in soft tissues

30. In what form is vitamin A most commonly found in animal products?

o A) Beta-carotene
o B) Retinol
o C) Ascorbic acid
o D) Ergocalciferol
Answer: B) Retinol

31. What is the best dietary approach to prevent rickets?

o A) High carbohydrate diet
o B) Balanced diet with adequate vitamin D and calcium
o C) Low-fat diet
o D) Vegetarian diet
Answer: B) Balanced diet with adequate vitamin D
and calcium
 32. Which vitamin helps in the absorption of calcium and phosphorus?
o A) Vitamin A
o B) Vitamin C
o C) Vitamin D
o D) Vitamin K
Answer: C) Vitamin D

33. What is the primary cause of osteomalacia in adults?

o A) Vitamin A deficiency
o B) Vitamin C deficiency
o C) Vitamin D deficiency
o D) Protein deficiency
Answer: C) Vitamin D deficiency

34. Which vitamin is synthesized in the skin when exposed to sunlight?

o A) Vitamin A
o B) Vitamin D
o C) Vitamin E
o D) Vitamin K
Answer: B) Vitamin D

35. Which vitamin is associated with antioxidant properties?

o A) Vitamin A
o B) Vitamin B12

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