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Adv Thermo Term Project

give me the detailed material balances and energy balances

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13 views3 pages

Adv Thermo Term Project

give me the detailed material balances and energy balances

Uploaded by

tejoanji9
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Advanced Engineering Thermodynamics

CHE 06586
2024 Term Project

You work for a large manufacturer of specialty chemicals. Your company purchases
70,000 metric tons per year of 99.0 wt % cyclohexanone (1% cyclohexanol). This
compound is prepared commercially by the catalytic reaction between phenol and
hydrogen gas. Management is now considering making its own cyclohexanone to increase
profits.

Your engineering team (assigned homework team) has been assigned to perform a
preliminary feasibility study to determine whether it is worth performing a detailed process
design.

Cyclohexanone [C6H10=O] and cyclohexanol [C6H11-OH] are produced by the reaction


between phenol (C6H5-OH) and hydrogen (H2) over palladium - type catalysts.

𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑𝑠
𝐶6 𝐻5 OH (𝑣) + 2𝐻2 (𝑔) → 𝐶6 𝐻10 𝑂 (𝑣) (1)
𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑𝑠
𝐶6 𝐻10 O (𝑣) + 𝐻2 (𝑔) → 𝐶6 𝐻11 𝑂𝐻 (𝑣) (2)
𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑𝑠
𝐶6 𝐻5 𝑂𝐻 (𝑣) + 3𝐻2 (𝑔) → 𝐶6 𝐻11 𝑂𝐻 (𝑣) (3)

The reactor operates at 150°C and 2.0 bar. It can be assumed that a phenol overall
conversion of 90 % and a 92.0 % cyclohexanone yield can be obtained. The reactor should
be fed a H2 to phenol ratio of 2:1.

Process Description

The raw materials are phenol and hydrogen gas, which are fed from separate storage tanks,
TK-101 (1.1 bar) and TK-102 (2.0 bar), respectively, both at 20 °C. The phenol feed plus
a recycle stream are pre-mixed and fed through pump P-101. The hydrogen gas-feed is
mixed with the recycled hydrogen and also mixed with P-101 discharge before entering
heater E-101 where the mixture is totally vaporized. As stated previously, prior to P-101,
the phenol is combined with a recycle stream (bottoms of T-102) that contains mostly
phenol. The recycled hydrogen stream coming from compressor CP-101 is mixed with the
fresh hydrogen and P-101 discharge. The pressurized mixture is vaporized in E-101 before
it is fed to the reactor system, R-101. The reactor effluent is cooled down to 25 °C in E-
102 and then fed to separator S-101. This adiabatic separator operates at 1.05 bar, the gas
outlet is mostly hydrogen and constitutes the hydrogen recycle. That stream is sent to
compressor CP-101 (adiabatic and reversible) for recompression to 2.0 bar before mixing
it with P-101 discharge and the fresh hydrogen. The reactor system may be assumed to be
isothermal, and cooling may be required to maintain the operating temperature at 150 °C.
The liquid stream from S-101 is heated up to 70 °C in a heat exchanger, E-103, before it is
fed to column T-101. In the first column, T-101, the cyclohexanone product is recovered
at the top of the column. The column bottoms are then sent as feed to the second column,

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T-102, where the top stream is collected as a product stream and the bottom product is sent
as recycled phenol and pre-mixed with fresh phenol before going into P-101.

Report

Due Date: Monday, December 16, 2024, at 7:05 PM

In a report to your manager, discuss the initial feasibility of this plant. Your report should
contain the following:

1. Complete material balances for all streams in kmol/h. You may assume 8,000 h/year
of continuous operation.

2. A filled-in table so that the total mass flow rate of each stream and its composition are
completely determined. The table should list each stream name, the total mole rate in
kmol/h, and the mole rate of each component also in kmol/h.

3. A filled-in table that lists the energy requirements of the process units.

4. A description of at least 3 commercial products that use cyclohexanone in their


manufacture, and also at least 3 commercial products that use cyclohexanol in their
manufacture.

5. A list of special precautions and/or safety concerns that must be addressed in handling
the raw materials and the products based on MSDS sheets.

6. Find commercial-bulk cost for the raw materials - phenol, hydrogen gas (not lab
cylinder-size) - and selling prices for the product (cyclohexanone) and by-product
(cyclohexanol). Use these values to perform a project cost feasibility analysis that
answers the question, Based on raw material cost and product selling price, is it worth
building the plant?

You are encouraged to use Aspen to aid you in determining the feasibility of this proposed
plant. As you may have noticed, no information is provided about T-101 and T-102. It is
up to your team to decide an adequate design of these process units based on the
information you have learned in your Separations and Thermodynamics courses this year.
In your report, be sure to list and justify all assumptions your team used in designing these
columns (i.e., activity coefficient model chosen and why it was chosen).

2
Remember that a complete report should have the following sections:

1. Letter of Transmittal
2. Title Page
3. Abstract/ Executive Summary
4. Background (brief literature review, commercial use goes here)
5. Process Description (in addition to your narrative, including major assumptions, the
process flowsheet and table go here)
6. Results and Discussion (project cost feasibility and safety discussion go here)
7. Conclusions (major findings)
8. References (proper citations are expected)
9. Appendices: MSDS sheets and Complete Material Balance Calculations

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