Scribd
Upload
11 views49 pages

AI Unit3 Notes

Uploaded by

Prabha Joshi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
11 views49 pages

AI Unit3 Notes

Uploaded by

Prabha Joshi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 49

Planning

Unit 3
What is Planning in AI

•The planning in AI is about the decision making tasks performed by


the robots or computer programs to achieve a specific goal.
•The execution of planning is about choosing a sequence of actions.
•Planning refers to the process of computing several steps of a
problem solving procedure before executing any of them.
•Planning is arranging a sequence of actions to achieve a goal.
STRIPS
Strips
Components of Planning System
1. Choosing Rule to Apply

•The most widely used technique for selecting appropriate rules is


to first isolate a set of differences between the desired goal state
and current state.
•Then identify those rules that are relevant to reduce these
differences.
• If more rules are found then apply heuristic information to
choose one out of them
2. Apply the Chosen Rule

• In simple problem solving system, applying rules was easy as each


rule specifies the problem state that would result from its application.
• In complex problem we deal with rules that specify only a small part
of the complete problem state.
Components of Planning System
Goal Stack Planning
Goal Stack Planning- Example
Components of a Planning System
Blocks World Problem
Blocks World Problem
Blocks World Problem – Step 1
Blocks World Problem – Step 2
Blocks World Problem – Step 3
Blocks World Problem – Step 4
Machine Learning
Machine Learning
How does ML work?
Features of Machine Learning
1. Supervised Learning
1. Supervised Learning

Classification: Regression:
Some of the classification algorithms are The dependent variable varies
1. Decision Tree continuously in terms of the
2. Naïve Bayes independent variable.
3. Random Forest
4. Support Vector Machine
2. Unsupervised Learning
3. Reinforcement Learning
Usage of Machine Learning
Inductive Learning
Inductive Learning
Inductive Learning
Inductive Learning
 Measuring the Performance of Inductive Learning Algorithm
 1. Collect a large set of examples.
 2. Divide it into two disjoint set; Training set and Test set
 3. Use the learning algorithm with training set as example to
generate the hypothesis H.
 4. Measure the percentage of examples in the test set that are
correctly classified by Hypothesis H.
 5. Repeat steps 1 to 4 for different sizes of training sets
 Eg: Monkeys in Goa eat Bananas
 Monkeys in bangalore eat Bananas
 Conclusion: All monkeys eat Bananas.
Inductive Learning

Example Place Type Weather Location Decision


No
1 Hilly Winter Kullu Yes
2 Mountain Windy Mumbai No
3 Mountain Windy Shimla Yes
4 Beach Windy Mumbai No
5 Beach Warm Goa Yes
6 Beach Windy Goa No
7 Beach warm Shimla Yes
Inductive Learning
No. Place Type Weather Location Decision
Subset1 1 Hilly Winter Kullu Yes
2 Mountain Windy Shimla Yes
3 Beach Warm Goa Yes
4 Beach warm Shimla Yes

No. Place Type Weather Location Decision


1 Mountain Windy Mumbai No
Subset2
2 Beach Windy Mumbai No
3 Beach Windy Goa No
Inductive Learning
Inductive Learning
Deductive Learning
Decision Tree
Decision Tree
Decision Tree
Decision Tree
Ensemble Learning
FUZZY LOGIC
FUZZY LOGIC
FUZZY LOGIC
FUZZY LOGIC ARCHITECTURE
Membership Function
Membership Function
Applications of FUZZY LOGIC
Advantages and Disadvantages of
FUZZY LOGIC

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy