FOX NEWS

Fox News was established by media mogul Rupert Murdoch, who founded the network in
1996. Murdoch’s vision was to create a conservative-leaning news network to counter what
he perceived as a liberal bias in mainstream media.

The headquarters of Fox News is located in New York City.

The decision to establish Fox News came after Murdoch recognized an opportunity to tap
into a conservative audience that felt underserved by existing news outlets. With the success
of conservative talk radio and the growing influence of conservative voices in American
politics, Murdoch saw an opening to launch a television network that would cater to this
demographic.
Fox News quickly gained traction and became a dominant force in cable news, attracting
millions of viewers with its conservative commentary, opinion programming, and coverage of
breaking news and political events. Over the years, the network expanded its line-up of
programs, launched sister channels like Fox Business Network and Fox News Radio, and
became a leading voice in conservative media.

Despite controversies and criticism over its editorial stance and journalistic practices, Fox
News remains one of the most-watched cable news networks in the United States, with a
significant influence on public opinion and political discourse.

Organizational Structure
Fox News has a complex organizational structure with various departments and divisions
responsible for different aspects of its operations.

Corporate Leadership: At the top level, Fox News is overseen by corporate executives who
set the overall direction and strategy for the network. This includes individuals like the CEO,
president, and other top management officials within Fox Corporation, the parent company of
Fox News.

News Division: The news division is responsible for gathering, reporting, and producing
news content. This includes journalists, reporters, producers, and editors who work to deliver
breaking news, investigative reports, and feature stories. The news division operates 24/7 to
cover national and international events.

Editorial Division: Editors play a crucial role in shaping the narrative and content of Fox
News. They determine which stories to cover, how to frame them, and which viewpoints to
highlight. Editors also ensure that news content adheres to the network’s editorial standards
and policies.

Production Division: The production division handles the technical aspects of broadcasting,
including studio operations, camera work, editing, graphics, and sound. Production staff work
closely with anchors, reporters, and guests to ensure smooth and professional on-air
presentations.
Administration and Support: Various administrative departments provide support services
to Fox News, including human resources, finance, legal, and IT. These departments ensure
the smooth functioning of the network and compliance with regulatory requirements.

Programming
News Programs:

“Fox & Friends”: A morning show featuring news headlines, interviews, and discussions on
current events. It often sets the tone for the day’s programming and includes segments on
politics, culture, and lifestyle.

“America’s Newsroom”: A mid-morning news program focusing on breaking news,

analysis, and interviews with newsmakers. It covers a wide range of topics, including politics,
business, and international affairs.

“The Faulkner Focus”: Hosted by Harris Faulkner, this afternoon program offers a mix of
news analysis, interviews, and commentary on trending topics and issues of the day.
Opinion and Commentary:

“The Five”: A panel discussion show featuring a rotating panel of commentators who discuss
and debate current events, politics, and cultural issues from a conservative perspective.

“Hannity”: Hosted by Sean Hannity, this primetime program offers conservative

commentary, interviews with newsmakers, and investigative reporting. It often focuses on
political analysis and critiques of liberal policies.

“Tucker Carlson Tonight”: Hosted by Tucker Carlson, this opinion show covers a range of
topics, including politics, culture, and social issues, from a conservative viewpoint. It features
interviews, monologues, and commentary segments.

“The Ingraham Angle”: Hosted by Laura Ingraham, this primetime program provides
conservative commentary, interviews, and analysis of the day’s news and events. It often
focuses on political issues and critiques of liberal ideology.

Specialty Programs:
“Special Report with Bret Baier”: A nightly news program hosted by Bret Baier, featuring
in-depth reporting, analysis, and interviews on political and national news. It includes
segments on policy, elections, and Washington politics.

“Fox News Sunday”: A Sunday morning news and interview program hosted by Chris
Wallace. It features interviews with politicians, policymakers, and newsmakers, along with
panel discussions on current events and politics.

Business and Finance:

“Bulls & Bears”: A program focusing on financial markets, business news, and investment
strategies. It features expert analysis, market insights, and discussions on economic trends.
“The Claman Countdown”: Hosted by Liz Claman, this program covers business news,
market analysis, and interviews with CEOs and industry leaders. It provides insights into the
latest developments in the business world.

Documentaries and Special Events:

Fox News occasionally airs special documentaries and event coverage on topics ranging from
history and politics to culture and society. These programs offer in-depth exploration and
analysis of significant events and issues.

Policies
Fox News operates under a set of policies and guidelines that shape its editorial direction,
journalistic standards, and ethical principles.

Fair and Balanced Reporting: Fox News often emphasizes its commitment to providing fair
and balanced coverage of the news. This policy aims to present multiple perspectives on
issues and events, allowing viewers to form their own opinions. However, critics argue that
the network’s coverage sometimes exhibits a conservative bias.

Editorial Integrity: Fox News has established editorial standards and guidelines aimed at
ensuring the accuracy, objectivity, and fairness of its reporting. These standards govern
aspects such as fact-checking, sourcing, attribution, and verification of information before
publication or broadcast.
Journalistic Ethics: Fox News adheres to basic principles of journalistic ethics, including
honesty, integrity, independence, and accountability. Journalists and reporters are expected to
uphold these principles in their reporting and interactions with sources and the public.

Transparency: Fox News promotes transparency in its reporting by disclosing any conflicts
of interest, affiliations, or biases that may influence its coverage. This includes identifying
commentators and analysts who have political or ideological affiliations and providing
context to viewers about their perspectives.

Accuracy and Fact-Checking: Fox News emphasizes the importance of accuracy in

reporting and fact-checking to ensure that information presented to viewers is truthful and
reliable. However, the network has faced criticism in the past for disseminating
misinformation or promoting conspiracy theories.

Standards for Opinion Programming: While Fox News features opinion programming that
offers commentary and analysis from a conservative perspective, the network has guidelines
in place to distinguish between news reporting and opinion. Opinion hosts and commentators
are expected to clearly label their commentary as such and avoid presenting opinion as fact.

Compliance with Regulatory Requirements: As a news organization, Fox News must

comply with regulatory requirements governing the media industry, including broadcasting
regulations, advertising standards, and legal obligations related to defamation, privacy, and
copyright.

Diversity and Inclusion: Fox News is committed to promoting diversity and inclusion in its
workforce and coverage. The network aims to provide a platform for diverse voices and
perspectives and to ensure that its reporting reflects the experiences and perspectives of all
communities.

Criticism and Controversy

Fox News has faced various criticisms over the years, spanning from accusations of biased
reporting to concerns about ethical lapses and misinformation.

Biased Reporting: One of the most significant criticisms leveled against Fox News is its
perceived conservative bias. Critics argue that the network’s programming often presents a
one-sided, right-leaning perspective on news and political issues, leading to a lack of balance
and objectivity in its coverage.
Misinformation and Conspiracy Theories: Fox News has been criticized for disseminating
misinformation and promoting conspiracy theories, particularly on topics like climate change,
COVID-19, and electoral fraud. Critics argue that the network’s willingness to give airtime to
unfounded claims and fringe viewpoints contributes to the spread of false information.

Partisan Journalism : While Fox News features opinion programming that offers
conservative commentary and analysis, some critics argue that the network blurs the line
between news and opinion, leading to confusion among viewers about what constitutes
factual reporting versus editorializing.

Treatment of Critics and Dissenters: Fox News has been accused of being hostile towards
critics and dissenters, both within and outside the network. Former employees and
contributors have alleged a culture of intimidation and retaliation against those who challenge
the network’s editorial stance or report negative stories about Fox News itself.

➢ Fox News was sued for defamation in 2021 by two voting machine companies
alleging the network's hosts and guests knowingly promoted falsehoods that voting
machines were rigged to deny Donald Trump's re-election in the 2020 presidential
election. The companies sought a total of $4.3 billion in damages & misinformation
about the 2020 election.