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Exphub Sample Paper Science Class 10 Book

Introduction to Computer Science & Engineering (Indian Institute of Technology

Roorkee)

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1 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

B
U
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EX

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2 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

INDEX

SAMPLE PAPER PAGE NO.

S-1 4
S-2
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27
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S-3 57
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S-4 87
S-5 113
EX

S-6 139
S-7 167
8 (SELF ASSESSMENT-1) 196
9 (SELF ASSESSMENT-2) 210
10 (CBSE MOCK PAPER) 220

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3 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

ABOUT THE BOOK

"This 10-Sample-Paper booklet contains eight solved

Sample Papers that follow the latest CBSE pattern and two
unsolved sample papers which are for your practice. Team
Exphub is taking this endeavour to aid students in scoring
more than 95 percent in their board examinations. Every
learner has free access to all of Exphub's content; there's no

B
need to make any purchases."
-Prashant Kirad
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can show your support by DONATING!

❤️
EX

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4 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Sample Paper 1
Class X (2022 - 2023)

General instructions:
i) This question paper consists of 39 questions in 5 sections.
ii) All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in some
questions. A student is expected to attempt only one of these questions.
iii) Section A consists of 20 objective type questions carrying 01 marks each.
iv) Section B consists of 6 very short questions carrying 02 marks each. Answers to
these questions should be in the range of 30 to 50 words.
v) Section C consists of 7 short questions carrying 03 marks each. Answers to these
questions should be in the range of 50 to 80 words.
vi) Section D consists of 3 Long questions carrying 05 marks each. Answers to these

B
questions should be in the range of 80 to 120 words.
vii) Section E consists of 3 source-based/case-based units of assessment of 04 marks
each with sub-parts.
U
PH
Section-A
(Select and write one most appropriate option out of the
four options given for each question 1-20).
EX

1. Which of the following statements about the given reaction are

correct?
3Fe(s) + 4H2O(g) → Fe3O4(s) + 4H2(g)
i) Iron metal is getting oxidised.
ii) Water is getting reduced.
iii) Water is acting as a reducing agent.
iv) Water is acting as an oxidising agent.
A) (i),(ii) and (iii)
B) (iii) and (iv)
C) (i),(ii) and (iv)
D) (ii) and (iv)

2. Which of the following statements is correct about the below

reaction?
3KClO3(s) → 2KCl(s) + 3O2(g)

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5 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

a) It is a decomposition reaction and endothermic in nature.

b) It is a displacement reaction.
c) It is a decomposition reaction, accompanied with release of heat..
d) It is a photochemical decomposition reaction and exothermic in
nature.

3. Carbon forms four covalent bonds by sharing its four valence

univalent atoms,e.g., hydrogen. After the formation of four
bonds, carbon attains the electronic configuration of:

a) Helium
b) Neon
c) Argon
d) Krypton

B
4. Match column I with column II and choose the correct answer
from the codes given below.
U
PH
EX

5. Chemical reaction will take place in:

a) b) c) d)
6. Match the given compounds with their IUPAC names.

a) (I-ii),(II-iv),(III-i),(IV-iii)

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6 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

b) (I-iii),(II-ii),(III-iv),),(IV-i)
c) (I-i),(II-iii),(III-ii),),(IV-iv)
d) (I-iv),(II-i),(III-iii),),(IV-i)

7. Identify X,Y and Z based on the basis of given information.

X is a non- metal, which is an important constituent of our
food. It forms two oxides Y and Z. Y is toxic and it causes
suffocation and sometimes death. Z is responsible for global
warming.
a) X = C, Y = CO, Z = CO2
b) X = S, Y = SO2, Z = SO3
c) X = P, Y = P2O3, Z = P2O5
d) X = O, Y = O2, Z = O3

B
8. Structural formulae of X and Y, which have the same
molecular formula, CHO are:
a) X = CH3CH2CHO, Y = CH3COCH3
b) X = CH3OCH2CH3, Y = CH3COCH3
U
c) X = CH3COCH3, Y = CH3COOH
PH
d) X = CH3CH2OCH3, Y = CH3CH2COOH

9. The correct sequence of reproductive stages seen in flowering

plant is:
EX

a) Gametes, zygotes, embryo, seedling

b) Zygote, gametes, embryo, seedling
c) Seedling, embryo, zygote, seedling
d) Gametes, embryo, zygote, seedling

10. The diagram below shows a leaf that was covered by a piece of
black paper for a period of 3 days. After 3 days, the paper was
removed. On testing, it was found that the area under the black
paper tested negative for starch and the rest tested positive for
starch.

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7 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

B
What was the experiment trying to test?
a) If plants make their own food
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b) If light is required for plants to make food
c) If plants can respire in the absence of light
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d) If plants can survive even in the absence of light.

11. Choose the correct statement about the heart.

a) The upper two chambers of the human heart are called
EX

ventricles.
b) The lower two chambers of the human heart are called
atrium.
c) The chambers of the heart are separated by a partition called
pericardium.
d) The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the
right ventricle to the lungs.

12. Which of the following is a successive trait in garden pea?

I. Green Seed Flower
II. Terminal flower position
III. Violet flower
IV. Round seeds
a) I and II only
b) II and III only
c) I, II and III only

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8 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

d) I, III and IV only

13. What is the effective resistance between points P and Q in the

circuit shown below?

a) 0.15 Ω
b) 0.66 Ω
c) 1.5 Ω
d) 1.75 Ω

14. You are given four bulbs of 25W, 40W, 50W and 60W. Which

B
bulb has the lowest resistance?
U
a) 25W
PH
b) 50W
c) 60W
d) 40W

15. In the given diagram, when the magnet is pushed into the
EX

solenoid, the pointer of the galvanometer deflects slightly to

the left.

Which of the following would produce a deflection of the

pinter towards the right?
a) Move the solenoid towards the magnet.
b) Move the solenoid away from the magnet.
c) Move the magnet faster into the solenoid.
d) By placing the magnet above the coil.

16. Two current-conducting wires are hung on a plastic road. A

large current is passed through the two wires in the direction

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9 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

shown. Which of the following options is correct regarding

this?

I) I and III parts of the wire II) II and IV parts of the wire
III) I and IV parts of the wire IV) II and III parts of the wire
a) Only (i) and (ii)
b) Only (i) and (iii)
c) Only (iii) and (iv)
d) Only (i) and (iv)

For question 17-20, two statements are given-one labelled Assertion (A)
and the other labelled Reason (R) . Select the correct answer to these

B
questions form the codes (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) as given below:
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of the
assertion.
U
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of the
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assertion.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.

17. Assertion(A) : In esterification, carboxylic acid and alcohol

EX

react in the presence of acid to give ester.

Reason(R) : Esterification is the reverse of saponification.

18. Assertion(A) : Photosynthesis is a catabolic process.

Reason(R) : The process of photosynthesis occurs in
chloroplast.

19. Assertion(A) : Sexual reproduction increases genetic

diversities and plays a role in origin of new species.
Reason(R) : Sexual reproduction involves formation of
gametes and fusion of gametes.

20. Assertion(A) : Two bar magnets attract when they are brought
near to each other with the same pole.
Reason(R) : Unlike poles they attract each other.

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10 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Section-B
(Q.no. 21 to 26 are very short answer type questions)

21. Write the structure of eye-lens and state the role of ciliary
muscles in the human eye.
OR
What is presbyopia? State its cause. How is it corrected?

22. Rajesh observed a patch of greenish black powdery mass on a

stale piece of bread.
a) Name the organism responsible for this and its specific mode
of asexual reproduction.
b) Name its vegetative and reproductive parts.

B
23. What is vegetative propagation? State two advantages and two
disadvantages of this method. U
24. Mustard was growing in two fields-A and B. While Field A
produced brown coloured seeds, field B produced yellow
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coloured seeds.
It was observed that in field A, the offspring showed only the
parental trait for consecutive generations, whereas in field B,
the majority of the offspring showed a variation in the progeny.
EX

What are the probable reasons for these?

25. Bee-sting leaves a chemical substance that causes pain and

irritation. Name the chemical substance. Identify the type of
substance which may give relief on the sting area when applied
on it.
OR
The following observations were made by a student on treating
four meals P, Q, R and s with the given salt solutions:

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11 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Bases on the above observations:

a) Arrange the given samples in the increasing order of
reactivity.
b) Write the chemical formulae of products formed when Q
reacts with CuSO4 solution.

26. In a food chain, if 10000 Joules of energy is available to the

B
producer, how much energy will be available to the secondary
consumer to transfer it to the tertiary consumer?
U
Section-C
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(Q.no. 27 to 33 are short answer type questions)

27. Identify the acid and the base from which sodium chloride is
obtained. Which type of salt is it? When is it called rock salt?
How is rock salt formed?
EX

28. Write any three points of difference between real images and
virtual images.

29. Trace the sequence of events which occur when a bright light is
focused on your eyes.
OR
List in tabular form three distinguishing features between
autotrophic nutrition and heterotrophic nutrition.

30. Derive an expression for electrical energy consumed in a

device in terms of V, I and t, where V is the potential
difference applied to it, I is the current drawn by it and t is the
time for which the current flows?

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12 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

31. A 10 cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis

of a convex lens of focal length 12cm. The distance of the
object from the lens is 18cm. Find the nature, position and size
of the image formed.

32. a) Nichrome wire of length ‘L’ and radius ‘R’ has resistance of
10Ω. How would the resistance of the wire change when:
i) Only the length of the wire is doubled?
ii) Only the diameter of the wire is doubled? Justify your
answer.
b) Why are elements of electrical heating devices made up of
alloys?
OR
State any three differences between Resistance and Resistivity.

B
33. Why are bacteria and fungi called decomposers? List any two
advantages of decomposers to the environment.
U
Section-D
PH
(Q.no. 34 to 36 are Long answer type questions)

34. a) Write Chemical equations for the following reactions:

i) Calcium metal reacts with water.
EX

ii) Cinnabar is heated in the presence of air.

iii) Manganese dioxide is heated with aluminium powder.
b) What are alloys? List two properties of alloys.
OR
Define a chemical reaction. State four observations which help
us to determine that a chemical reaction has taken place. Write
one example of each observation with a balanced chemical
equation.

35. What is sexual reproduction? Explain how this mode of

reproduction gives rise to more viable variations than asexual
reproduction. How does this affect evolution?
OR
What are dominant and recessive traits?
“Is it possible that a trait is inherited but may not be
expressed in the next generation?” Give a suitable example

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13 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

to justify this statement.

36. a) With the help of a suitable circuit, the diagram proves that
the reciprocal of the equivalent resistance of a group of
resistance joined in parallel is equal to the sum of the
reciprocals of the individual resistances.
b) In an electric circuit two resistors of 12Ω each are joined in
parallel to a 6V battery. Find the current drawn from the
battery.
OR
An electric lamp of resistance 20Ω and a conductor of
resistance 4Ω are connected a 6V battery as shown in the
circuit. Calculate:
a) The total resistance of the circuit.

B
b) The current through the circuit.
c) The potential difference across the (i) electric lamp and (ii)
conductor
d) Power of lamp
U
PH
EX

Section-E
(Q.no. 37 to 39 are Case based questions with 2 to 3 short sub-parts. Internal
choice is provided in one of these sub-parts.)

37. Metals react with acids at different rates, depending on how

reactive the metals are. Dilute acids react with relatively
reactive metals such as magnesium, aluminium, zinc and iron.
One of the products of the reaction is salt. Now, in order to
study this, Sonia treated a metal with dilute sulphuric acid. A
gas evolved is collected by the method shown in the figure.

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14 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

A) Name the gas evolved.

B) The evolved gas is the gas soluble or insoluble in water?
C) How will you test the gas?

OR
If the metal used above is zinc then write the chemical
equation for the evolution of gas. Write one industrial use of
the gas evolved.

B
38. The given diagram is of the human digestive system. The
human digestive system is made up of the gastrointestinal(GI)
U
tract, liver, pancreas and gallbladder. The GI tract is a series of
follow organs that are connected to each other from the mouth
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to anus. The organs that make up the GI tract, with the order
that they are Connected, include your mouth, oesophagus,
stomach, small intestine, large intestine and anus.
EX

Study the diagram and answer the questions given below:

A) Identify the labels B, C, D and E.
B) What are the final products after digestion of carbohydrates
and proteins?
C) Name the secretion that is released by label C. How it helps

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15 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

in fat digestion.
OR
Name the major process in region F, which is no longer
occurring normally in case of diarrhoea.

39. Current-time graphs from two different sources are shown in

the following diagrams. Study the same and answer the
question as followed:

B
A) Name the type of current shown by graph A and graph B.
B) Name any one source of the current shown by graph A and
graph B.
U
C) What is the frequency of current in case B?
OR
PH
Write two differences between the current shown by graphs
A and B.
EX

Solutions for Sample Paper 1

Class X (2022 - 2023)

SECTION-A

1. Option (C) is correct.

Explanation: The substance which oxidises the other substances in a chemical
reaction is known as an oxidising agent. Likewise, the substance which reduces
the other substance in a chemical reaction is known as a reducing agent. In the
given reaction, there is addition of oxygen to iron metal and it is oxidised. Also,
there is removal of hydrogen from the water and thus, water is reduced and acts
as an oxidising agent.

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16 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

2. Option (A) is correct.

Explanation: The given reaction is used for the preparation of oxygen gas in the
laboratory. It is a decomposition reaction and endothermic in nature.

3. Option (B) is correct.

neon and it is an element which attempts to attain the electronic configuration of
its nearest noble gas while attaining a fully-filled outermost shell.

4. Option (B) is correct.

Explanation: CaCO3 → CaO + CO2 This type of reaction is a decomposition
reaction.
CaO+ H2O→ Ca (OH)2 -This is a combination reaction.
Na2SO, + BaCl → BaSO4 +2NaCl-This is a double displace reaction.

B
2HO →H + O - This is an electrolytic decomposition reaction or electrolysis.

5. Option (D) is correct.

U
Explanation: Zinc and aluminium are more reactive than iron thus, can displace
PH
iron from iron sulphate solution but copper is less reactive than iron thus, will not
show any reaction.
Zn(s)+FeSO4(aq)→ ZnSO4(aq) + Fe(s)
2Al(s) + 3FeSO4(aq) → Al2(SO4) + 3Fe(s)
EX

6. Option (A) is correct.

Explowow: The IUPAC name of
(A) CH3CH2CO–CH3: Butanone
(B) CH3CH2–CO–H: Propanal
(C) CH3CH2–CO–OH: Propanoic acid
(D) CH3-CH2–CH2–CH2–OH: Butanol

7. Option (A) is correct.

Explanation: The non-metal X is carbon which is an important constituent of our
food. Carbon forms two oxides Y (CO) and Z (CO2). CO is toxic and causes
suffocation and sometimes death while CO2 is responsible for global warming.

8. Option (A) is correct.

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17 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Explanation: The aldehyde (X) and ketone (Y) have the same molecular formula as
C3H6O. The structural formula of aldehyde (propanal) is CH3CH2CHO while the
structural formula of ketone (Propanone) is CH3COCH3.

10. Option (B) is correct.

Explanation: Leal exposed to sunlight give an iodine test, proving that sunlight is
necessary for photosynthesis.

11. Option (D) is correct.

Explanation: Human heart is four chambered which means that it is composed of
four chambers: right atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle and left atrium. The
chambers are separated by a muscular wall that prevents the mixing of the blond
rich in oxygen with the blood rich in carbon dioxide. Pulmonary artery is the only

B
artery that carries carbon dioxide rich blood. from the heart to the lungs.

12. Option (A) is correct.

U
Explanation: Green seed colour and terminal flower position are recessive traits in
PH
garden peas while violet flower and round seeds are dominant traits.
9.Option (A) is correct
Explanation: Gamete formation is followed by pollination and fertilisation to
produce zygote which in turn leads to embryo formation. Fertilised ovules
become seed and seeds germinate to produce seedling.
EX

13. Option (C) is correct.

Explanation: 1/R = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3 Where R1 = 3 + 3 = 6Ω = R2, R2 = 3Ω Now,
1/R = 1/6 + 1/3 + 1/6 = (1+2+1)/6 = 4/6
Or
R = 6/4 = 1.5 Ω

14. Option (C) is correct.

Explantation: The resistance of high power devices is smaller than the low power
ones. The resistance of a 60 watt bulb is smaller than a 40 watt bulb and so on.
P= V2/R For a given voltage, P∝1/R. So, a 60 W bulb has the lowest resistance.

15. Option (B) is correct.

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18 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Explanation: Relative separation between magnet and solenoid should increase to

get a deflection of pointer towards the right. It is done by moving solenoid (or
magnet) away from magnet (or solenoid).

16. Option (A) is correct.

Explanation: When two parallel conductors conduct currents in opposite
directions, the magnetic fields in between them produce forces that push them
away.

SECTION-B
21. Structure: Fibrous, jelly like structure
Role: To change the curvature of the eye lens/to change the focal length of eye
lens.
OR

B
Presbyopia: When a person is unable to see nearby as well as far off objects
clearly.
U
Causes: Gradual weakening of the ciliary muscles/ diminishing flexibility of the eye
lens.
PH
Correction: By the use of bi-focal lenses.

22. (a) The greenish black powdery maas on a stale piece of bread is due lo bread
mould Rhizopus, which reproduces by pure formation.
EX

(b) Hyphae or thread-like structures are the vegetative part and tiny blob-like
structures or sporangia are the reproductive parts.

23. Vegetative propagation is a mode of asexual reproduction in which new

plants are formed from roots, stem, leaves and buds of the individual vegetative
parts of the plants, eg. ey
es of potato.
Advantages:
(i) Offsprings are genetically identical and therefore useful traits can be preserved.
(ii) It is a rapid and economical method.
Disadvantages:
(i)New characters cannot be introduced
(ii) The disease of the parent plant gris transferred
by the offspring.

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19 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

24. In field A, the reason for parental trait in consecutive generations of the
offspring is self-pollination. In field B, variation is seen to occur because of
recombination of genes as cross-pollination is taking place.

25. Methanoic acid (HCOOH)

Use of baking soda can give relief on the stung areas when applied to it.
OR
(a) S>R>P>Q
(b) Cu and QSO4

26. (i) Energy available to producers = 10,000 Joules.

Energy transferred to the producer = 1% of 10,000 Joules = 100 Joules.
(ii) According to 10% law,

B
Energy transfer to primary consumer = 10/100 x 100 = 10 Joules.
(iii) Energy transfer to secondary consumer = 10/100 x 10 = 1 Joule
U
(iv) Energy transfer to tertiary consumer = 10/100 X I = 0.1 Joule
PH

27. • Acid - Hydrochloric acid/HCI

Base - Sodium hydroxide/NaOH • Neutral salt • When it forms brown crystals
combined with
EX

impurities. • Drying up of seas

Detailed Answer:
Sodium chloride is obtained by the reaction between hydrochloric acid (acid) and
sodium hydroxide (base).
It is a neutral salt.
It is called rock salt in crystalline form. Rock salt is formed from a body of sea
water which undergoes an intense evaporation process. This is followed by a long
process of geologic ageing resulting in large masses of salt.

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20 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

28. Real image:

1. When rays of light after reflection meet at a point, real image is formed.
2. Real images can be obtained on screen.

B
3. Real image is formed in front of the mirror.
4. Real image is always inverted.
Virtual image:
U
1. When rays of light do not actually meet but appear to meet at a point after
PH
reflection, a virtual image is formed.
2. Virtual images cannot be obtained on screen.
3. Virtual image is formed behind the mirror.
4. Virtual images are always erect.
EX

29. When bright light is focused on our eyes, the photoreceptors generate electric
impulses and pass it to the sensory neurons. They carry the stimuli to the sensory
neurons. They carry the stimuli to the spinal cord which transports the message to
the brain. The brain sends the response to the muscles of the eyelids to close by
contracting the pupil.
Receptor → Sensory neuron → Spinal cord → Brain → Motor neuron → Eye →
Contraction of eye muscles.
OR

30.

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21 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

B
31.
U
PH
EX

32. (a) (i) R ∝ L

So, resistance becomes two times i.e. R = 20 Ω
(ii) R ∝ 1/A ∝ 1/d2
So, when diameter is doubled, resistance becomes one-fourth of the original
i.e., R = 2.5 Ω

(b) Elements of heating devices are made up of alloys because:

(i) They have a high melting point.
(ii) They have high resistance, so when even a small magnitude of
current passes through them, they get heated up enormously.
(iii) They do not oxidise readily.

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22 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

B
U
PH
EX

OR
Resistance: (i) It is the opposition provided by the atoms of a
conductor to the flow of electrons.

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23 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

(ii) SI unit of resistance is A (Ohm).

(iii) Resistance depends on length, area of cross section, material and
temperature of conductor.
Resistivity:
(i) It is the resistance of the conductor of that substance of unit length and unit
area of cross section.
(ii) SI unit of resistivity of Om (Ohm-metre).
(iii) Resistivity of substance depends only on the material of the substance.

33. (a) Bacteria and fungi are called decomposer because

They break down the dead and decaying organic matter into a simpler substance.
It provides the
nutrients back to the soil.
(b) Advantages: (i) Decomposers function as scavengers by removing organic

B
remains and cleansing the
earth.
(ii) Decomposers release inorganic nutrients trapped
U
in organic remains. The same are recycled.
PH

34. (a) (i) Ca + 2H20–> Ca(OH)2 + H2

(ii) 2HgS + 302 + Heat → 2HgO + 2502
(iii) 3MnO2 + 4A1 –+2Al2O3 + 3Mn 3
EX

(b) Alloys are a homogeneous mixture of two or more metals or a metal and
a nonmetal Properties: Alloys are stronger / harder / have low melting point /
more resistant to corrosion / some are magnetic in nature.

35. Sexual reproduction is a natural mode of reproduction which involves two

individuals followed by gamete formation. During sexual reproduction, at the time
of gamete formation, meiotic cell division takes place. During meiosis, crossing
over between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes occurs which
brings about new genetic combinations to be transferred to new generations.
Crossing over is the fundamental cause of origin of variations in sexually
reproducing organisms. Whereas, in asexual reproduction, chance of variations
can only occur when there is inaccurate copying of DNA as only one individual is
involved. The variations caused by crossing over in sexually reproducing
organisms are subjected to the selection process. Natural selection selects those

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24 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

variations which have more adaptive value and guide them towards evolution of
new species. In this way, sexual reproduction gives rise to more viable variations
for evolution.
OR
(a) Dominant traits: The trait which expresses itself
in F1 (first) generation after crossing contrasting (opposite) traits is known as
dominant character (trait).
Recessive trait: The trait which does not express itself in F (first) generation after
crossing contrasting (opposite) trait.
(b) Yes.

36.

B
U
PH
EX

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B
U
PH
EX

OR

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B
U
PH
EX

Sample Paper 2
Class X (2022 - 2023)

General instructions:
i) This question paper consists of 39 questions in 5 sections.

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27 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

ii) All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in some
questions. A student is expected to attempt only one of these questions.
iii) Section A consists of 20 objective type questions carrying 01 marks each.
iv) Section B consists of 6 very short questions carrying 02 marks each. Answers to
these questions should be in the range of 30 to 50 words.
v) Section C consists of 7 short questions carrying 03 marks each. Answers to these
questions should be in the range of 50 to 80 words.
vi) Section D consists of 3 Long questions carrying 05 marks each. Answers to these
questions should be in the range of 80 to 120 words.
vii) Section E consists of 3 source-based/case-based units of assessment of 04 marks
each with sub-parts.

Section-A
(Select and write one most appropriate option out of the

B
four options given for each question 1-20).
U
1. On heating ferrous sulphate (green in colour), Bhawna observed that it
turns into a brown coloured substance which also releases foul smelling gases
as shown in the figure given below.
PH
EX

Help her to identify the type of reaction that occurred on heating ferrous
sulphate:
(a) Decomposition reaction
(b) Displacement reaction
(c) Combination reaction
(d) None of these

2. Which diagram displays the electrical circuit for a home?

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28 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

B
U
PH
EX

3. The following diagram shows the process of reproduction that occurs in

Plasmodium.

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29 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Identify the type of reproduction:

(a) Budding
(b) Binary fission
(c) Spore formation
(d) Multiple fission

B
4. The following figure shows a type of movement in plants.
U
PH
EX

Choose the correct one:

(a) Hydrotropism
(b) Geotropism
(c) Thigmotropism
(d) None of the above

5. Given below is the picture of tiny pores present on the green parts of the
plants that help in gaseous exchange. Identify A, B, C and D in the given
diagram:

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(a) A - Subsidiary cell, B - Epidermal cell, C - Stomatal pore, D-Guard cell

B
(b) A -Epidermal cell, B - Subsidiary cell, C - Stomatal pore, D-Guard cell
(c) A - Guard cell, B - Subsidiary cell, C - Stomatal pore, D - Epidermal cell
U
(d) A - Epidermal cell, B - Guard cell, C- Stomatal pore, D-Subsidiary cell

6. Choose the hormone which is responsible for bending of plant shoot

PH
towards sunlight:
(a) Auxin
(b) Gibberellin
(c) Cytokinin
(d) Ethylene
EX

7. The following picture of an experimental set up shows the response of

roots towards water:

This response of plant or plant parts towards water is known as:

(a) Thigmotropism
(b) Geotropism

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31 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

(c) Phototropism
(d) Hydrotropism

8. Gulshan wants to write a balanced chemical equation for the following

chemical reaction.

B
U
Help him to choose the correct option:
(a) 3BaCl2 + Al2(SO4)3→ 3BaSO4 + 2AlCI3
PH
(b) BaCl2 + Al2(SO4)3→ BaSO4 + 2AlCI3
(c) 3BaCl2 + Al2(SO4)3→ 3BaSO4 + AlCl3
(d) BaCl2 + Al2(SO4)3 → BaSO4 + AlCl3
EX

9. Calculate the amount of charge passed through any area of cross section of
the conductor when a current of 20 A flows through it for three minutes.
(a) 36 C
(b) 3600 C
(b) 1800 C
(d) 180 C

10. The following picture shows a leaf which is tested with iodine solution, in
an experiment - "Light is essential for photosynthesis".

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32 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Why does the uncovered part of the leaf turn blue black after addition of
iodine solution?
(a) Starch reacts with iodine
(b) Chlorophyll reacts with iodine
(c) Sunlight causes colour change
(d) Chlorophyll reacts with starch

11. Which of the following does not show how the environment may be

B
harmed by the indiscriminate use of pesticides?
U
(a) Overuse of DDT reduced the number of fish-eating bird species.
(b) Fish eating birds accumulated DDT as they moved down in the food
PH
chain.
(c) The formation of the egg shell was hampered.
(d) Due to the thinness of the shell it broke.
EX

12. Which of the following statements about magnetic lines of magnetic field
is incorrect?
(a) The north pole of a magnetic compass is assumed to point in the direction
of the magnetic field at a point.
(b) Magnetic field lines are curled, closed lines.
(c) Zero field strength is represented by parallel and evenly spaced magnetic
field lines.
(d) The degree of closeness of the field lines indicates the relative strength of
the magnetic field.

13. Seeta studied in her biology lecture that

plants produce oxygen during the process of photosynthesis as a by-product
and give out oxygen during the day, whereas plants produce carbon dioxide
during respiration and give out carbon dioxide during the night.
Do you agree with this that all plants give out O2 during the day and CO2
during the night?
(a) Yes

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33 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

(b) No
(c) May be yes
(d) Data is insufficient

14. Although the sex of an organism is genetically determined, there are

some organisms whose sex is not genetically determined. Example of this is:
(a) Lizard
(b) Human
(c) Dog
(d) Snail

15. Light refraction on a mirror is depicted in the figure.

B
U
PH

What conclusion can be drawn from the figure?

(a) Angle of incidence and reflection at the point of reflection all lie on the
EX

same plane.
(b) Angle of incidence and normal at the point of reflection all lie on the
same plane.
c) Angle of incidence and reflection at the point of refraction all lie on the
same plane.
(d) Angle of incidence, reflection and normal at the point of reflection all lie
on the same plane.

16. Which of the following defines the electric current?

(a) The amount of charge flowing through a particular area in unit time.
(b) One coulomb of charge flowing per second.
(c) The amount of current through a particular area in unit time.
(d) One coulomb of charge flowing per minute.

For question 17-20, two statements are given-one labelled Assertion (A)
and the other labelled Reason (R) . Select the correct answer to these

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34 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

questions form the codes (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) as given below:
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of the
assertion.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.

17. Assertion (A): A geneticist crossed two plants and got 50% plants with
white flowers and 50% with red flowers.
Reason (R): One plant is heterozygous for the trait and the other is
homozygous recessive.

18. Assertion (A): Hydrogen is not included in the activity series of metals.
Reason (R): Like other metals hydrogen can lose electrons to form positive

B
ions.
U
19. Assertion (A): The drooping of leaves in 'touch me not' plants occur
due to the smell.
Reason (R): By changing the amount of water (turgor changes) in leaves, the
PH
plant cells change their shape.

20. Assertion (A): A reaction between a metal and nitric acid does not
evolve hydrogen gas.
EX

Reason (R): Nitric acid is a strong oxidising agent

Section-B
(Q.no. 21 to 26 are very short answer type questions)

21. How can you say that the difference in the molecular mass of any two
adjacent homologues is 14 amu?
OR
Draw the electron dot structure of carbon dioxide. Identify the pair of
electrons which forms a covalent bond. Also state the number
of double bonds in the structure.

22. A student performed a cross between plants with purple flowers and
plants with white flowers. Help him to complete the figure by finding ‘P’,
‘Q’, ‘R’, and ‘S’. Also write the genotypic ratio obtained in F2 generation.

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23. Reema went to the market with her mother

B
where she saw pickles kept in either glass or plastic jars and not in metal
containers. She asked her mother why it was so. What could be the reason
given by her mother?
U
24. Saloni was stung by a wasp while playing in the garden and she started
PH
crying due to pain and irritation. Her mother immediately applied a coating
of toothpaste on the affected area, which gave her instant relief and then took
her to a doctor. What does wasp sting contain and why did her mother apply
toothpaste on the affected area?
OR
EX

Sushma's mother baked a cake, but to her surprise she found that the cake
was hard and small in size. She thought and remembered that she forgot to
add one important ingredient in her cake that would have made the cake
fluffy. Which is the ingredient that she forgot to add? Also write the chemical
reaction.

25. (A) A potential source is connected in parallel V by two wires of the

same length and area made of materials with resistivities of 1 and 2,
respectively. What would the equivalent resistivity be if the length and area
were the same?

(B) A source of potential V is connected in series with two wires that are of
the same length and area but made of different resistivity materials (1 and 2).
What would the equivalent resistivity be if the area were the same?

26. Neha was given some syrupy liquid in a test tube by her teacher and she

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36 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

was told to dilute it with water. But by mistake, she added water quickly to
the tube and the tube immediately cracked and the liquid which spilled,
produced blisters on her skin.
What could be the reason for this?

Section-C
(Q.no. 27 to 33 are short answer type questions)

27. Draw a neat and well labelled diagram of the human alimentary canal.
Name and label the following:
(A) Part carrying the food to the stomach through peristaltic movements.
(B) Organ producing a substance responsible for emulsification of fats.
(C) Organ secreting trypsin enzyme.

28. Sunita and Rajesh shifted to their new house and decided to get it white-

B
washed. Sunita observed that the workers dissolved some white powdery
material into water and the mixing resulted in a vigorous reaction and then
U
they left it for some time. They then applied the white suspension obtained to
the walls. In the beginning the wall looked pale white and watery but after
PH
two-three days the walls became shiny bright white in colour. Answer the
following questions:
(A) Name the white powdery substance and write its chemical reaction with
water.
(B) Is it an endothermic or exothermic reaction?
EX

(C) Why did the walls turn into shiny bright white colour after two-three
days?
OR
Reshma heated green coloured crystals of ferrous sulphate in a test tube,
which resulted in the formation of brownish black coloured residue
accompanied with a characteristic odour of burning sulphur as shown in the
picture given below.

Answer the following questions:

(A) Name the brown coloured substance formed on heating and the gases that
evolved along with it.

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(B) Write the type of reaction that occurred above and why it is called so?
(C) Give reason for the change in the colour of the green crystals.

29. Siya was amazed to know that in plants, there are tiny pores called
stomata present on the epidermis of leaves and other green parts of the plant.
These stomatal pores help in gaseous exchange and this opening is in turn
guarded by specialised kidney shaped cells called guard cells. But she was
unable to understand how these guard cells open and close.
Help Siya by explaining her how the guard cells regulate the opening
and closing of stomata.

30. In a country like India, the rate of female foeticide is quite high and
always females are held responsible for giving birth to a female child. Reema
was against this thought and practice, she raised her voice and started a
campaign to create awareness among people. Help her to explain this.

B
31. (A) Teacher explained in the class that metals lose electrons to form
cations and nonmetals gain electrons to form anions. But carbon can neither
U
form C4+ cations nor C4- anions, and forms covalent bonds. Why?
(B) Give a reason why covalent compounds are bad conductors of electricity
PH

32. Draw a ray diagram for the following cases:

(A) When a ray of light passing through the centre of curvature of a convex
mirror is incident on it.
(B) A ray of light parallel to the principal axis is Incident on concave mirror.
EX

(C) A ray of light passing through the focus of the convex mirror is incident
on it.
OR
The picture demonstrates how the prism disperses the white light.

What colour will the letters P, Q and R have? Also state the reason.

33. A convex mirror is used in a car having a focal length of 300 cm. If a
cycle is located at 100 cm from this mirror, find the position, nature and

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38 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

magnification of the image formed in the mirror.

Section-D
(Q.no. 34 to 36 are Long answer type questions)

34. (A) Pratyush was studying about extractions of metals. He came to know
about different new scientific terms. Help him to define the following:
(1) Minerals
(ii) Ores
(iii) Gangue
(B) Write any two properties of titanium that make it useful.
OR
(A) Iron is removed from the iron sulphate aqueous solution by an element
"X." If the element "X" is treated with aqueous solutions of copper sulphate,
zinc sulphate, and silver nitrate, list your observations.

B
(B) Rapid effervescence is produced when hydrochloric acid is used to treat
ore. Name the type of ore with one example.
U
(C) (i) Aluminium, magnesium, and sodium oxides cannot be converted to
PH
their corresponding metals by carbon. Why?
(ii) In the reactivity series, where are these metals located? How do these
metals get their ores into metals?
(iii) Use an illustration to describe the extraction process and the associated
EX

chemical equations

35. (A) In a horse-shoe magnet, a current carrying conductor is placed

perpendicular to the magnetic field.

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The conductor is displaced upward. What will happen to the displacement of

the conductor if:
(i) current in the conductor is increased.
(ii) a horse-shoe magnet is replaced by another stronger horse-shoe magnet.

B
(iii) the length of the conductor is increased.
U
(B) Which device can be used to maintain a potential difference between the
ends of a conductor? Explain the process by which this device does so.
PH
36. (A) When from earth we see the sky, it appears in different colours like
blue, white, yellow, grey, etc. but for astronauts in space the sky only appears
to be dark. Explain the reason for this.
(B) Illustrate with three examples how colloidal particles show the Tyndall
EX

effect.
OR
(A) How did Newton demonstrate the presence of seven colours in the sun's
white light?
(B) He used two identical glass prisms. Create a ray diagram to depict the
path of light when two identical glass prisms are placed next to each other in
an inverted position and a narrow white light beam is allowed to fall
obliquely on one of the first prism's focus.
(C) List two prerequisites for seeing a rainbow.

Section-E
(Q.no. 37 to 39 are Case based questions with 2 to 3 short sub-parts. Internal
choice is provided in one of these sub-parts.)

37. Reha connected two or more resistances in such a way that the same
potential difference is applied to each of them. This kind of connection is said
to be parallel. When she joins two or more resistances in parallel to one

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another, then the same current gets additional paths to flow and the overall
resistance decreases. The equivalent resistance is given by,

(A) As shown, three resistances are connected.

Calculate the equivalent resistance.

B
(B) When a 12m wire is divided into three equal pieces and its ends are then
twisted together, find the resulting equivalent resistance.
OR
U
(B) If three resistance, 3Ω, 7Ω and 9Ω are connected in parallel, then what
PH
will be the equivalent resistance.

38. On a site visit, Raj saw the poor condition of a river due to plastic
pollution and overuse of pesticides and fertilisers as shown in the picture
EX

given below. India is facing the problem of contamination of water, overuse

of resources and plastic pollution. Nowadays a campaign has also started to
avoid single use plastics. Efforts should be made to develop environmental-
friendly substitutes and effective methods of safe plastic disposal. In
agricultural practices also, there is excessive use of pesticides and fertilisers.
These pesticides are absorbed by plants from the soil and from the water
bodies, these pesticides are taken up by aquatic animals and plants, which
severely affects them. These chemicals get accumulated in the bodies of
plants, animals and even human beings.

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41 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

(A) If a river is found to be contaminated with coliform bacteria.

Mixing of which pollutant in water is responsible for this?
(B) In comparison to biopesticides, chemical pesticides are more
dangerous.Why?
(C) What is the term used for accumulation of non-biodegradable

B
pesticides in the food chain in increasing amounts at each higher
trophic level? Explain.
OR
U
(C) Single use plastics should be avoided.
Why? Name one environment friendly substitute for plastics.
PH

38. Neha visited Mughal Garden as shown in the

picture, she felt so happy and amazed to see different types of flowers having
different colours and fragrances. She told her teacher that flowers beautify
EX

our environment and refreshes our mood and we should plant more and more
flowering plants to enjoy this beauty.

Her teacher told her that flowering plants are called angiosperms and they
not only beautify our surroundings, but also form an important part of our
ecosystem.
(A) Where is the male and female gamete formed in flowering plants?
(B) Which part of the flower becomes seed after fertilisation?
(C) Identify the parts labelled as A, B and C.

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42 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

What do they constitute?

OR

(C) In which of the following categories would you classify a Hibiscus

flower? Explain. Give one example of unisex flower. Explain sterile flowers.

Solutions for Sample Paper 2

Class X (2022 - 2023)

B
1. (a) Decomposition reaction
U
Explanation: A decomposition reaction is a reaction in which a single
compound breaks down into two or more substances(elements or
PH
compounds). Most decomposition reactions require an input of energy in the
form of heat, light or electricity.

2. (a)
EX

Explanation: Domestic electric gives an idea of how power is supplied to

homes using various types of switches, wires and circuits.

3. (d) Multiple fission

Explanation: Multiple fission involves the ability of a cell to divide into
several cells during reproduction. Plasmodium divides by repeated division
of cells to produce many daughter cells simultaneously.

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4. (c) Thigmotropism
Explanation: Thigmotropism or curvature movement is a plant movement in
response to touch/contact. The region of contact has less auxin and the other
side has more auxin, thus, shows more growth. This unequal distribution of
auxin causes the tendril to coil over the support.

5. (b) A - Epidermal cell, B - Subsidiary cell, CStomatal pore, D-Guard cell

Explanation: Structure of Stomata

B
Epidermal cell: Forms the outermost layer of plants The epidermis and its
U
waxy cuticle provide protection against mechanical injury, water loss, and
infection.
PH
6. (a) Auxin
Explanation:The plant shoots bends towards sunlight, as auxin is produced
in the stem and it diffuses towards the shady area and accumulates there
leading to elongation of cells in that part. This differential elongation causes
EX

bending of the shoot. This is also termed as phototropism.

7. (d) Hydrotropism
Explanation: The movement of plants in response to concentration of water
is termed hydrotropism.

8. (a) 3BaCl2 + Al2(SO4)3 + 3BaSO4 + 2AlCl3 Explanation: We can depict

the number of atoms of elements in reactant side and product side in the
equation: 3BaCl2 + Al2(SO4)3 + 3BaSO4 + 2AlCl3, as:

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9. (b) 1800 C
Explanation: Given that:

B
I = 20 A
t = 3 min = 3 x 60s = 180s U
So, Amount of charge Q passed through any area of cross-section is given
by
Or Q=Ixt
PH
Q = (20 x 180) As = 3600 C

10. (a) Starch reacts with iodine

Explanation: In the experiment "Light is essential for photosynthesis", a part
EX

of leaf was covered with black paper and the plant was then kept in sunlight.
The uncovered part of the leaf performs photosynthesis in the presence of
sunlight and produces starch. Therefore, when iodine is added, starch reacts
with it to give a blue-black colour.

11. (b) Fish eating birds accumulated DDT as they moved down in the food
chain.
Explanation: Overuse of DDT reduced the number of fish-eating bird
species. Such birds accumulated DDT as they moved up the food chain. The
formation of the egg shell was hampered. Due to the thinness of the shell
and the weight of the bird during incubation, it broke. Consequently, their
population declined.

12. (c) Zero field strength is represented by parallel and evenly spaced magnetic
field lines.

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45 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Explanation: If magnetic field lines are parallel in a given area of space, then
that area has a homogeneous field strength.

13. (a) Yes

Explanation: No, I don't agree with this statement because all plants carry
out respiration throughout the day and night i.e., 24 hours and thus, gives
out CO2 during day as well as night. But during the day
Since sunlight is essential to carry out the process of photosynthesis, oxygen
is released during daytime only.

14. (d) Snail

Explanation: In some organisms, sex is not genetically determined i.e., it is
not determined by the genes inherited from the parents. The organisms in
which sex is not genetically determined are snails, turtles.

B
15. (d) Angle of incidence, reflection and normal at the point of reflection all lie
on the same plane Explanation: The figure shows that angle of incidence,
U
reflection, and normal at the point of reflection all lie on the same plane.
PH
16. (a) The amount of charge flowing through a particular area unit time.
Explanation: Electric current is defined as the amount of charge flowing
through a particular area in unit time.
EX

17. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
In the given cross, geneticists found 50% plants were with white flowers and
50% with red flowers. Let's assume the red character to be recessive which
can only be expressed in homozygous condition. Plants with white flowers
are dominant. Because 50% of the population of the plant are with red
flowers, it can be concluded that one of the parent plants must be
heterozygous.
Let, the genotype of the heterozygous plant be Ww (W-white, w-red). W is
dominant over w it appears phenotypically. The genotype of plants with red
flowers is ww. The cross can be shown as:

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46 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

18. (d) A is false but R is true

Explanation: Hydrogen is included in the activity series of metals like other
metals as hydrogen can also lose electrons to form positive ions.

19. (d) A is false but is true.

ExplanationThe leaves of Mimosa pudica (touch me not plant) shows
movements when touched. When leaves are touched. The stimulus reaches
the base of the leaf and the vacuoles of leaf cells lose water which causes the
leaf to become flaccid. As a result, the leaf closes. This occurs due to
changes in turgor pressure.
OR
Electron dot structure of carbon dioxide The shared pair of electrons is said
to constitute a single covalent bond. So, there are 2 double bonds in CO2.

B
The two oxygen atoms are bonded on either side with carbon atoms by
double bonds. U
20. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
explanation of A Explanation: A metal reacts with nitric acid, to form a
PH
metal nitrate, oxides of nitrogen and water and hydrogen gas is not formed,
because nitric acid is a strong oxidising agent and it oxidises the hydrogen
gas to water and nitric acid itself gets reduced to oxides to nitrogen like
NO2, NO, etc.
EX

M+2HNO3 → MNO3 + NO2 + H20 (M = metal)

21. The difference between the two successive homologues is of one carbon
atom and two hydrogen atoms in terms of atoms in their molecules and
differ by 14 amu in terms of molecular mass. This can be explained by an
example:
C4H8 and C5H10 are successive compounds and these two differ by - CH2
Atomic mass of carbon = 12μ
Atomic mass of hydrogen - 1μ
Molecular mass of - CH2 = (1 x 12) + (2 x 1) = 14μ

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The shared pair of electrons is said to constitute a single covalent bond. So,
there are 2 double bonds in CO. The two oxygen atoms are bonded on either
side with carbon atoms by double bonds.

22. The complete figure is:

B
U
PH
23. Glass or plastic containers are far less reactive to the contents inside them
than metal containers. Pickles contain some acids, oils, etc. that react with
metals and corrode them to produce toxic substances.

24. Wasp sting contains formic acid (HCOOH) which causes pain and irritation.
EX

Because of the presence of mild base in the toothpaste which neutralises the
effect of formic acid, it provides immediate relief to her. That is why her
mother applied toothpaste.
OR
Sushma's mother has forgotten to add baking powder (a mixture of sodium
hydrogen carbonate and tartaric acid. While preparing the dough for the
cake. The sodium hydrogen carbonate present in baking powder releases
carbon dioxide on baking as depicted in the following reaction,
NaHCO3 → Na2CO3 +CO2 + H20.

25. We know that, R = 𝜌 (l/A)

For the same length and area of cross-section, resistance is directly
proportional to resistivity (𝜌).
i.e. R ∝ 𝜌
(A) Equivalent resistance is parallel connection of resistance is:

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(B) For series combination equivalent resistance is:

B
26. The syrupy Liquid in the test tube could be conc. H2SO4 (sulphuric acid) or
U
conc. HCL, having great affinity for water and addition of water to an acid is
a highly exothermic reaction that results in excessive local heating of the test
PH
tube and thus, cracking of the tube and spilling of acid that produces blisters.

27. (A) Oesophagus

(B) Gallbladder
(C) Pancreas
EX

28. A) The white powdery substance is calcium oxide (quicklime) - CaO.

Quicklime reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide (slaked lime):
CaO(s) + H2O → Ca(OH)2(aq)

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(B) The above reaction is an exothermic reaction as during this reaction a lot
of heat is produced.
(C) During whitewash, calcium hydroxide is applied to the walls and it
reacts slowly with the carbon dioxide in air to form a thin layer of calcium
carbonate on the walls. Calcium carbonate is formed after two to three days
of white washing and gives a shiny finish to the walls.
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2 O
OR

OR
(A) The brown coloured substance formed on heating ferrous sulphate is
ferric chloride (Fe2 O3) and the gases that evolved are sulphur dioxide (SO2)
and sulphur trioxide (SO3).
(B) This is a type of decomposition reaction because in this reaction a single

B
reactant breaks down to give simpler products.
(C) Ferrous sulphate crystals (FeSO3.7H2O) lose water (water of
U
crystallisation) when heated and the green colour of the crystal changes to
brownish black. It then decomposes to ferric oxide (Fe2O3), sulphur dioxide
(SO2) and sulphur trioxide (SO3).
PH

29. The stomatal aperture is guarded by two bean-shaped/kidney-shaped guard

cells. These guard cells regulate the opening and closing of stomata by the
osmosis process. When water enters inside the guard cells, they swell up and
EX

due to their curved surface, stomata open. Whereas, when water moves out,
and it leads to shrinking of the guard cells to become flaccid, this causes the
stomata to close.

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30. The females are homogametic and produce only one type of gamete
carrying only X chromosome, whereas males are heterogametic producing

B
two types of gametes - half carrying X chromosome and the other carrying
Y chromosome. Therefore, if a sperm carrying X chromosome fuses with
U
the egg, it results in a female offspring, and if a sperm carrying a Y
chromosome fuses with the egg, it results in a male offspring. Therefore, a
PH
father will be responsible for the sex of a child.
EX

31. (A) Carbon atom is tetravalent, but it cannot gain or lose electrons because
of the following reasons:
(i) If it gains 4 electrons, it will have negative charge (C4-), and it becomes
difficult for 6 protons to hold on to 10 electrons and eventually the atom
becomes unstable.
(ii) If it loses 4 electrons, it will require a lot of energy to lose them, which it
can't afford and as a result it becomes unstable again.
(B) Covalent bonds are formed by sharing of electrons and there is no
transfer of electrons or involvement of ions. Because ions are responsible for

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conducting electricity and covalent compounds do not have free ions.

Therefore, they are bad conductors of electricity. For example: CCL4, CH4.

32.

B
U
PH

33. We know, Focal length ‘f’ = 300 cm

So, object distance(u) = -100cm
EX

Since the object(cycle is placed to the left of the mirror, it is always

taken with a negative sign.

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Therefore, the position of the image is 75cm behind the mirror and its nature
is virtual and erect as it is formed behind a convex mirror

OR
P represents violet.
Q represents green.
R represents red.
We are aware that waves with longer wavelengths deviate less, and vice versa.
Therefore, the red will deviate the most while the violet colour the least. As a
result, the upper part of the spectrum will be red, green in the middle and the lower
part will be violet.

B
U
PH
34. (A) (i) Minerals: These are the elements or compounds which occur
naturally in the earth crust. These are combined states of metals with non-
metals.
(ii) Ores: Minerals at some places contain a very high percentage of a
EX

particular metal and the metal can be profitably and conveniently extracted
from it. These minerals are called ores.
(iii) Gangue: The ores that are mined from the earth are usually
contaminated with large amounts of impurities such as soil, sand, etc., called
gangue.
(B) Two properties that makes titanium so useful are:
(i) It is stronger and light in weight. It is used to make war equipment.
(ii) It remains unaffected by corrosion even if kept open for a very longer
period of time.
OR
(A) X is more reactive than iron because it ousts iron from its salt solution.
As both are less reactive than iron, it will also replace copper from copper
sulphate and silver from silver nitrate. X may be more or less reactive than
zinc because zinc is more reactive than iron.

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(B) The ore produces rapid effervescence when treated with dilute
hydrochloric acid; therefore, it must be a carbonate ore. A significant zinc
carbonate (ZnCO3) ore is calamine.
(C) (i) Sodium, magnesium, and aluminium are highly reactive metals and
have a higher affinity for oxygen than carbon does. Therefore, carbon
cannot convert sodium, magnesium, or aluminium
oxides to their corresponding metals.
(ii) The reactivity series places these metals at the top. Electrolytic reduction
of their molten chlorides or oxides is used to extract the highly reactive
metals like Na, Mg, AL, and others.
(ii) Electric current runs through the molten state to produce electrolytic
reduction.
At the cathode, metal is deposited.
NaCl ⇋ Na+ + Cl-
At cathode: Na+ + e- → Na

B
At anode: 2Cl- → Cl2 + 2e- U
35. (A) (i) The force acting on a current carrying conductor placed
perpendicular to a magnetic field increases with the increase in the current
PH
flowing through a conductor. Thus, the displacement of the conductor will
increase if the current in the conductor is increased.
(ii) When a horse-shoe magnet is replaced by a stronger magnet, then the
magnetic field increases. Since, force acting a conductor increases with the
EX

increase in the magnetic field, therefore, the displacement of the conductor

will increase.
(iii) Since, the force acting on the conductor increases with the increase in
the length of the conductor, therefore, the displacement of the conductor will
increase.
(B) The device that can be used to maintain
a potential difference between the ends of a conductor is a cell or a battery.
The chemical reaction within a cell generates the potential difference across
the terminals of the cell, even when no current is drawn from it. When it is
connected to a conductor, it produces electric current and maintains the
potential difference across the ends of the conductor.
OR
(A) The magnetic force that a current-carrying wire feels when it is exposed
to a magnetic field depends on the conductor's (a) current flow. (b) magnetic
field strength, (c). length, and (d) angle between the element of length and
the magnetic field.

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(B) When the direction of the current is perpendicular to the direction of the
magnetic field, the force experienced by a conductor carrying current when
it is in the magnetic field is greatest.
(C) The Fleming left hand rule is used to determine the direction of motion
of a conductor placed in a magnetic field.
(D) (i) When the magnetic field's direction is changed, the force acting on
the conductor will now move from left to right.
(ii) If the current is flowing in the opposite direction, the force acting on the
conductor will move from left to right.

36. (A) In space, there is no atmosphere, as a result there are no particles to

disperse light coming from the Sun. Therefore, the light coming from the
sky does not scatter. The light has to scatter for the sky to appear bright, so
that we can see the sky clearly.

B
(B) Colloidal particles show the Tyndall effect as they scatter light.
The examples are as follows:
(i) When a fine beam of sunlight enters a smoke-filled room, smoke
U
particles become visible due to scattering of light by these particles (ii)
When a ray of sunlight passes through the canopy of a dense forest, tiny
PH
water droplets in the air scatter light.
(iii) Milk is a colloid containing globules of fat and proteins. The light gets
scattered when a beam of light is projected towards it.
OR
EX

(A) The first person to obtain the spectrum of white light using a glass prism
was Newton. The step was to align a second, identical prism with the first
prism inverted. As a result, all the colours of the white Light were able to
pass through the second prism and combine to form a white light that
emerged from its opposite side. This led him to think that white light was
made
up of various colours.
(B)

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55 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

37. (A) The equivalent resistance in the parallel combination is lower than the
individual resistance’s lowest value.
All the three resistors (6 Ω, 3 Ω and 10 Ω) are connected in parallel.

(B) Resistance of each piece = 12/3 = 4Ω

When the end pieces of the three pieces are twisted together, the connection
becomes parallel. And the equivalent resistance calculated as:

B
U
PH
EX

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38. (A) Human faecal matter is responsible. F contains coliform bacteria which
are present in the small intestine, whereas bacteria is not present in industrial
wastes, pesticides and fertilisers.
(B) Chemical pesticides are non-specific, hazardous, expensive and cause
pollution.
(C) Biomagnification is the accumulation of non-biodegradable pesticides
such as DDT industrial chemicals, radioactive substances in the food chain
in increasing amounts of each higher trophic level Humans are at the top of
the food chain therefore, maximum concentration of these chemicals occur
in them.
OR
(C) Non-biodegradable substances are those that cannot be broken down
into simpler compounds by microorganisms. So, these substances
accumulate in the environment and cause pollution and severe health

B
hazards. Reusable cloth bag is an environment friendly substitute for plastics

39. (A) Male gamete is found in another and female gamete is found in ovary.
U
(B) After fertilisation, the ovules become the seeds, and the ovary wall
becomes the fruit.
PH
(C) A - Stigma, B-Style, C - Ovary
Stigma, style and ovary constitute the female reproductive part of the flower
- carpel/pistil.
OR
EX

(C) Hibiscus has both male and female reproductive organs as stoamens and
pistil, therefore classified as bisexual flower. Unisexual flowers are those
which have either male or female reproductive organ, such as in Papaya.
When both sexes ie, male and female reproductive parts are absent in a
flower or are non-functional, such flowers are called Sterile.

Sample Paper 3
Class X (2022 - 2023)

General instructions:
i) This question paper consists of 39 questions in 5 sections.
ii) All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in
some questions. A student is expected to attempt only one of these
questions.

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57 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

iii) Section A consists of 20 objective type questions carrying 01 marks each.

iv) Section B consists of 6 very short questions carrying 02 marks each.
Answers to these questions should be in the range of 30 to 50 words.
v) Section C consists of 7 short questions carrying 03 marks each. Answers to
these questions should be in the range of 50 to 80 words.
vi) Section D consists of 3 Long questions carrying 05 marks each. Answers
to these questions should be in the range of 80 to 120 words.
vii) Section E consists of 3 source-based/case-based units of assessment of
04 marks each with sub-parts.

Section-A
(Select and write one most appropriate option out of the
four options given for each question 1-20).

B
1. A student put some pieces of lead metal in the green coloured solution of
U
copper chloride and observed the reaction that took place as shown in the
figure. The colour of the solution changes.
PH
EX

Identify the type of reaction that took place in the test tube and the colour
change.
(a) Decomposition reaction, colour changes to blue
(b) Displacement reaction, solution becomes colourless
(c) Double displacement reaction, colour changes to white
(d) Displacement reaction, colour changes to blue 1

2. Risha went to her grandfather's village, where she saw food cooking on a
wooden challah as shown in the picture.

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B
She noticed that the base of the cooking pot has sooty deposits. The reason
for the utensils getting black at the bottom:
U
(a) Unsaturated hydrocarbons due to complete combustion
(b) Unsaturated hydrocarbons, as sooty deposits represent unburnt
PH
hydrocarbons
(c) Saturated hydrocarbons due to complete combustion
(d) Saturated hydrocarbons, as sooty deposits represent unburnt hydrocarbons
EX

3. Raju used to believe that when we eat food, it goes to the stomach and
there the digestion starts. But his teacher told him that digestion of food starts
in the mouth. Which of the following enzyme-substrate combinations is
present in the mouth?
(a) Salivary amylase-proteins
(b) Lipase-carbohydrates
(c) Salivary amylase-carbohydrates
(d) Salivary amylase-lipids

4. Ashima went to Canada with her father in winters, where they found that
in car radiators, a mixture of the compounds shown in the image below is
used instead of water only. She was curious to know the reason for this.

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59 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

The reason for using a mixture of ethanol and water in car radiator is:
(a) Ethanol is added to water to lower the freezing point of water.
(b) Ethanol is added to water to increase the freezing point of water.
(c) The mixture is cheaper than other products

B
(d) None of the above
U
5. The following picture shows a medical condition known as cataract.
PH
The possible cause of cataract is:
(a) excessive curvature of eye lens
(b) elongated eyeball
(c) weakened ciliary muscles
EX

(d) opaque eye lens

6. Riya marked the structure as 'P' in the figure. of stomata as shown in the
following figure:

Which of the following processes cannot occur if the structure 'P' is blocked?
(a) Transpiration and photosynthesis
(b) Transpiration and respiration
(c) Transpiration, respiration photosynthesis

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60 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

(d) Transportation and photosynthesis

7. Identify the structures 'X', 'Y' and 'Z' in the figure.

B
U
PH
EX

8. Sonal's mother went to a jeweller with a 20g bar of 24 carat gold and asked
him to make jewellery out of it for Sonam's marriage. But the jeweller
refused and said that pure gold cannot be used to make jewellery. He said
that 18 carat or 22 carat gold is used for making jewellery. Why can't 24 carat
gold be used for making jewellery?
(a) It is very soft
(b) It does not bend easily
(c) It is very hard
(d) It retain its shape

9. Reema’s mother bought some pickles from the market and asked Reema to
store it in the kitchen. Reema stored it in the kitchen. Reema stored the
pickles in a copper container.

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Pickles are usually destroyed by fungal effects. How can this be reduced?
(a) By storing them in glass containers and placing them in sunlight.
(b) By keeping them in airtight containers.
(b) By storing them in iron jars.
(d) By keeping them in moist and cold conditions.

10. Dentists use mirrors to see inside the patient's mouth which is different
from the one used at homes. Which mirror was used by the dentist?

B
(a) Concave
(b) Convex
(c) Plano-convex
(d) Diverging
U
PH
11. Human males have 23 pairs of chromosomes in their cells and females
also have 23 pairs of chromosomes. But when these combine or after fusion,
why don't an offspring have 46 pairs of chromosomes?
(a) Mitosis occurs during gamete formation which halves the chromosome.
(b) Mitosis occurs in zygote which reduces chromosome number.
EX

(c) Mitosis occurs during gamete formation.

(d) Mitosis in zygote reduces chromosome number.

12. In a household connection, two bulbs of 80W and 40W are connected in
series. If the current flowing through an 80W bulb is 1A, then find out the
current that flows through a 40W bulb.
(a) 1 mA
(b) 1 A
(c) 10 A
(d) 100 mA

13.A student is performing an experiment in a chemistry lab. He takes an

element 'X' and allows its reaction with oxygen. The compound formed has a
high melting point. This compound is also soluble in water as shown in the
following image:

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62 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

The element 'X' is likely to be:

(a) Calcium
(b) Carbon
(c) Iron
(d) Silicon

B
14. Ravi saw her mother dumping the kitchen
wastes in the soil, which disappeared after some days. So, he also placed his
U
old plastic bottle and a broken cup inside the soil, thinking that it would also
disappear. But he saw that it remained there only even after a week. What is
the reason for this?
PH
(a) They were non-recyclable
(b) They were biodegradable
(c) They were non-biodegradable
(d) They were a mix of biodegradable and non-biodegradable
EX

15. Rakhi used to store curd in a brass jar as shown in the image, but it
corroded the metal and produced toxins.

Which acid is present in curd?

(a) Acetic acid
(b) Formic acid

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63 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

(c) Lactic acid

(d) Citric acid

16. The diagram shows how a light beam strikes a concave or convex mirror.

Which of the following shows the path of this ray, after reflection?

B
U
PH
EX

For question 17-20, two statements are given-one labelled Assertion (A) and
the other labelled Reason (R) . Select the correct answer to these questions
form the codes (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) as given below:
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of the assertion.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.

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17. Assertion (A): Nerve conduction is the one

way conduction
Reason (R): One plant is heterozygous for the trait and the other is
homozygous recessive.

18. Assertion (A): Hydrogen is not included in the activity series of metals.
Reason (R): Like other metals hydrogen can lose electrons to form positive
ions.

19. Assertion (A): A blue-green solution is obtained from a reaction between

copper oxide and dilute hydrochloric acid.
Reason (R): This happens due to formation of copper (11) chloride.

20. Assertion (A): Lemon pickle can be stored in an Aluminium vessel.

B
Reason (R): Aluminium metal reacts with acid present in lemon to produce
hydrogen gas which causes food spoilage. U
Section-B
PH
(Q.no. 21 to 26 are very short answer type questions)

21. A student takes some syrupy liquid in a test tube and dilutes it with water.
But by mistake, she added water quickly to the tube and the tube immediately
cracked and the liquid which spilled, produced blisters on her skin. What
EX

could be the reason for this?

OR
For testing a liquid "X," a cloth strip dipped in onion juice is used. The odour
of the liquid "X" changes. Onion juice a type of indicator? Blue litmus turns
the liquid X red. What will the liquid X observe when it reacts with the
granulated zinc? Write the chemical equation for the reaction involved.

22. Aaliya felt a painful contraction of muscles in her legs while sleeping. As
the frequency of these painful muscular contractions increased, she consulted
a doctor. Doctor told her that these are muscular cramps and can be cured.
What could be the reason for these cramps?

23. A teacher told students that "A trait may be inherited, but may not be
expressed", this statement confused the students as they believed that
inherited traits are always expressed. Justify the statement of teacher
with reason.

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24. Give reasons for the following:

(A) Ammeter is connected in series to the electric circuit and not in parallel.
(B) The ends of the connecting wires are cleaned before connecting them in a
circuit.
OR
(A) How should two resistors with resistances R1Ω and R2Ω be connected to
an emf V volts battery to ensure that the least amount of power is used?
(B) You have four resistors, each measuring
8Ω. Describe the connection you would make for these resistors to have an
effective resistance of 80Ω.

25. The following figure shows refraction through a glass prism:

B
U
Label angle of deviation, angle of emergence, emergent ray, incident ray,
PH
refracted ray and normal in the given figure.

26. Give one word for the following:

(A) Phenomenon where individuals of a species exhibit differences in
characteristics.
EX

(B) Part of DNA provides information for a protein.

(C) Formation of new species due to gradual change over a long period of
time.
(D) Recessive genes are expressed only in which condition.

Section-C
(Q.no. 27 to 33 are short answer type questions)

27. Given below is the diagram of a nephron.

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66 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Identify the parts A, B and C and also write what happens in these parts
during urine formation.

28. Addition of pure ghee in food items like paratha, ladoo, halwa, etc. make
them more tempting. People usually get attracted to foods mainly due to the
smell of pure ghee. When Vanaspati oil reacts with hydrogen, it gets
converted to Vanaspati ghee.

B
(A) What do we call this reaction? Which catalyst is used in this reaction?
(B) Write a chemical equation for the above mentioned reaction.
U
(C) Why is this reaction of vegetable oil said to be an addition reaction?

29. Draw a well labelled diagram of the female reproductive system. Identify
PH
and label the following more previous page:
(A) Part producing female gamete or ovum
(B) Funnel shaped structures serving as the site of fertilisation
(C) Part where embryo develops
OR
EX

Identify and explain the method through which Planaria reproduces. When
compared to reproduction, how is this process different?

30. The given picture shows the uses of a white powder by artists and
doctors, which can be used as plaster for supporting fractured bones, making
statues, etc.

Answer the following questions:

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67 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

(A) Name the white powder used in the above given picture and also write its
chemical formula.
(B) How does this white powder get hardened and what is it called?
(C) Write the balanced chemical equation for the formation of this white
powder.

31. An electric egg boiler of 100Ω, an electric heater of resistance 150Ω and
an iron of resistance 450Ω are connected in parallel to a 220V source. What
is the resistance of an electric toaster connected to the same source that
consumes as much current as all three appliances? Also calculate the current
flowing through it.
OR
(A) Calculate the resistance of a metal wire
of length 4 m and area of cross section 1.5 x 10-7 m2, if the resistivity of the
metal is 2.6 x 10-5 Ωm.

B
(B) Calculate the resistivity of the material of a wire of length 2 m, radius
0.01 cm and resistance 30 ohms U
32. Rajni was travelling to Kanpur via train. On her way, on a railway
station, she saw some men joining the railway tracks as shown in the image:
PH
EX

Answer the following questions.

(A) Identify the compounds used for joining the railway tracks.
(B) What is the name of this reaction?
(C) Write the chemical equation for the above chemical reaction.

33. Enlist the properties of magnetic field lines.

Section-D
(Q.no. 34 to 36 are Long answer type questions)

34. (A) Reeta was curious to know about solar furnaces. She asked the

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following questions to her teacher - Which type of mirrors are used in the
design of solar furnaces? How high temperature is achieved by this device?
Help to answer these questions.
(B) What are the characteristics of the
images formed by convex mirrors? Draw a ray diagram in support of your
answer.
OR
For each possible position of an object in the case of a concave mirror, draw
ray diagrams.

35. An experimental set-up was placed in the laboratory by the teacher for
class X students as shown in figure (a) in which iron nails are placed in the
copper sulphate solution, to record the observations. After a few hours, the
students noticed the changes as shown in figure (b). The teacher guided them
to write the observations.

B
U
PH
EX

Answer the following questions based on the observations:

(A) Students noticed the change in colour of copper sulphate solution. What
is the change and why did it happen?

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(B) Which type of chemical reaction is taking place in the given figure and
why?
(C) If copper nails are placed in ferrous sulphate solution, will the same
reaction take place?
OR
'P' and 'Q' ore samples were taken. Ore 'p' releases CO2 when heated,
whereas ore 'Q' releases SO2. What procedures will you follow to transform
them into the appropriate metals? Also define the first 5 step used during
extraction of ore 'Q'

36. (A) Different hormones are secreted by different glands. Which

hormones are secreted by thyroid, parathyroid and pancreas? Also mention
functions of each hormone.
(B) Write the functions of a part of the hindbrain - cerebellum.

B
Section-E
(Q.no. 37 to 39 are Case based questions with 2 to 3 short sub-parts. Internal
choice is provided in one of these sub-parts.)
U
37. The following image shows the earth's atmosphere and its layers, and
PH
how it is protected from harmful UV radiations. Based on this answer the
following questions:
EX

(A) One of the most serious issues is depletion of the ozone layer in today's
world. Which is the most important chemical responsible for depletion of the
ozone layer?
(B) The surface of the earth is protected from ultraviolet radiations by the
ozone layer present high up in the atmosphere. Justify the statement.
OR
(B) Depletion of the ozone layer results in many side effects. Write the
effects of ozone layer depletion.

38. The eye of a person is a remarkable organ. Our

vision is a complex system with many intricate parts that all work together to
produce a final product that almost everyone uses heavily on a daily basis.

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Despite the fact that we value our vision the most among all of our senses,
surprisingly few people are aware of how our eyes function. When we look
in the mirror, we can distinguish between the parts of the eye that are on the
outside and those that are on the inside or farther away.
The given picture is of a human eye. Based on the diagram given below
answer the following questions:

(A) Name the part labelled as A and B in the figure given above.

B
(B) Which part of the eye is responsible for the colour of the eye?
(C) Identity and write the function of part 'D’.
OR
U
(C) Name the part of the eye that controls the amount of light entering the
PH
eye. The front transparent part of the sclera is labelled by which part?

39. Sohan was studying about the human male reproductive system and came
across the following diagram. This system consists of different parts.
EX

(A) Name the male hormone responsible for male characteristics.

(B) The male reproductive system consists of a prostate, a pair of
bulbourethral glands, a pair of seminal vesicles, accessory ducts, a pair of
testes, and penis-shaped external genitalia. Where is this system located?
(C) What is the reason for the location of Testes outside the abdominal

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71 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

cavity?
OR
(C) Sperms or spermatozoa are contained in sperm or seminal fluid, which is
an organic fluid. What is the nature of semen?

Solutions for Sample Paper 3

Class X (2022 - 2023)

1. (b) Displacement reaction, solution becomes colourless

Explanation: When lead metal is placed in a solution of copper chloride, the
green colour of copper chloride solution fades and becomes colourless due to
formation of lead chloride. The lead metal is more reactive than copper,

B
therefore, lead displaces copper from copper chloride solution. This is called
displacement reaction.
Pb CuCl2→ PbCl2 + Cu
U
PH

2. (b) Unsaturated hydrocarbons, as sooty deposits represent unburnt

hydrocarbons.
Explanation: The utensils have black sooty deposits due to unburnt
EX

hydrocarbons. Saturated hydrocarbons burn completely and leave no residue

whereas unsaturated hydrocarbons burn partially and thus leave residues.

3. (c) Salivary amylase-carbohydrates

Explanation: The process of digestion starts in the mouth, when we start
chewing the food. The salivary gland produces saliva that moistens the food
and allows it to easily pass through the oesophagus. Saliva also contains the
enzyme salivary amylase (ptyalin) which digests carbohydrates present in the
food.

4. (a) Ethanol is added to water to lower the freezing point of water.

Explanation: A mixture of alcohol and water is used instead of water in car
radiators in cold climates because in winters, in countries like Canada,

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temperature goes below 0°C, and at this temperature water freezes.

Therefore, ethanol is added to water to lower the freezing point of water.

5. (d) Opaque eye lens

Explanation: During old age, the crystalline lens of some people become
hazy or even opaque due to formation of a membrane over the eye lens.

6. (c) Transpiration, photosynthesis and respiration.

Explanation: Structure marked as 'P is stomatal pore. Once the guard cell is
fully inflated, the pressure inside creates a pore that lets gas and water move
back and forth. It aids in respiration and transpiration in this way. To carry
out photosynthesis, a plant needs carbon dioxide from the surrounding
atmosphere to enter the leaf. By diffusing through tiny pores called stomata,

B
this is accomplished. Therefore, if stomata are blocked, transpiration,
photosynthesis, and respiration will not take place. U
7. (a) X: Schwann cell; Y: Nucleus; Z: Dendrite Explanation: Structure 'X' is
Schwann cell. Structure 'Y' is Nucleus.
PH
Structure 'Z' is Dendrite.

8. (a) It is very soft

Explanation: 24 carat gold cannot be used for making ornaments as it is very
EX

soft and easily bendable. In order to make jewellery, the metal should retain
its shape and should not bend easily. Therefore, pure gold is mixed with other
metals like copper and silver to strengthen it to make ornaments

9. (a)By storing them in glass containers and placing them in sunlight

Explanation Sunlight increases the temperature of stored pickles and thus
fungal effect can be minimised Iron jars will react with the acid present in
pickles and destroy it. Moist and cold conditions will favour fungal growth

10. (a) Concave

Explanation: The dentist used a concave mirror to look inside the mouth of
Gungun. Concave mirrors are used by dentists to see clear and enlarged
images of the teeth, so that any damage or infection can be seen clearly.

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11. (a) Meiosis occurs during gamete which halves the number of
chromosomes. Explanation: Males as well as females have 23 pairs of
chromosomes in every cell but the gamete (sperm and ovum), is formed by
meiotic cell division (reductional division) and thus contain only half the
number of chromosomes ie, 23 chromosomes in male sperm and 23
chromosomes in female egg. Therefore, after fusion the zygote will have 46
chromosomes i.e., 23 pairs of chromosomes.

12. (b) 1 A
Explanation: The current that flows through a 40W bulb will be 1 Ampere.
This is because the bulbs are connected in a series combination, and in a
series combination the current is the same in every part of the circuit as
current does not change in series combination, therefore, both the bulbs get

B
equal amount of current.

13. (a) Calcium

U
Explanation: Oxygen and calcium react to form collum oxide
Ca(s) + O2 → CaO Calcium Oxygen Calcium An ionic compound is calcium
PH
oxide Due to the potent electrostatic attraction between los it has a high
melting point in water, calcium oxide dissolves and transforms into calcium
hydroxide, os illustrated below
CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2
EX

14. (c) They were non-biodegradable.

Explanation: The kitchen waste includes fruits and vegetable peels, tea bags,
paper, etc. which are biodegradable substances and are decomposed by
microorganisms, whereas plastic and glass which Ravi kept, were
nonbiodegradable substances and cannot be acted upon by microorganisms.

15. Lactic acid

Explanation: The curd contains bacteriaLactobacillus that produces lactic
acid.

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16.
Explanation: The correct path of the ray is shown in figure.

17. (c) A is true but R is false.

Explanation: The centre of curvature does not lie on the reflecting surface of
the mirror because it lies on the principal axis outside the mirror. The mirror

B
is obtained by cutting a part of a sphere. Therefore, the reflecting surface is
U
actually a part of that sphere. The sphere has a centre and this centre
corresponds to the centre of curvature of the mirror.
PH
EX

18. (d) A is false but R is true

Explanation: Since aluminium being a metal reacts with citric acid present in
lemon, it produces hydrogen gas which spoils food and can cause food
poisoning. Therefore, lemon pickles should not be stored in aluminium
vessels.

19. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Explanation: The reaction between copper chloride and dilute hydrochloric
acid produces a blue-green solution due to formation of copper chloride
which is blue green in colour. CuO+HCl → CuCl2+H2O.

20. (c) A is true but R is false.

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Explanation: Nerve impulse only travels in one direction. Nerve impulse is

always transmitted across a synapse, le, from axon terminals of one neuron to
dendrites of the next neuron. but it never occurs in the reverse direction.
Neurotransmitter is only released at the axon terminal and not at the dendrite
terminal.

21. The syrupy liquid in the test tube could be conc sulphuric acid) or cone
HCL having great affinity for water and addition of water to an acid is a
highly exothermic reaction, that results in excessive local heating of test tube
and thus, cracking of the tube and spilling of acid that produced blisters
OR
Onion juice is an olfactory indicator. One type of odour is produced by
olfactory indicators in acidic media while a different odour is produced in

B
basic media. It is an acidic solution because the liquid "X" turns litmus red
instead of blue. U
Acids create hydrogen gas when they react with active metals like zinc,
magnesium, etc. An example of this reaction is
Zn(s) +dil.H2SO4(aq) →ZnSO4 + H2(g)
PH

22. Muscular cramps are caused due to lack of oxygen in our muscle cells. In
the absence of oxygen, the pyruvate gets converted into lactic acid. This
lactic acid gets accumulated in the muscles and cause muscular cramps
EX

23. (A) Ammeter is not connected in parallel to the electric circuit, because
connecting it in parallel the net resistance of the circuit decreases. As a result,
more current will be drawn from the battery which can damage the ammeter.
Also, the ammeter itself has very low internal resistance.
The ends of the connecting wires are cleaned before connecting them in a
circuit, in order to remove the insulating layer, if present, otherwise current
will not flow properly.
OR
(A) The two resistors are connected in series because power consumption is
at its lowest when the circuit's current is at its lowest.
(B) If you have four 8Ω resistors and their combined effective resistance is
also 8Ω, you should connect the two 8Ω resistors in series. Right now, you

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76 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

have a pair of two 16 resistors (8Ω +8Ω). You will have a net resistance of
8Ω if you connect these resistors in parallel.

24. In experiments conducted by Mendel with pea plants, he bred a tall pea
plant with dwarf pea plant, he found that in the first (F) generation all plants

B
were tall. No dwarf plants were obtained in the F1 generation. However, in
the second (F2) generation, both tall and dwarf plants were obtained in the
U
ratio of 3: 1. In F2 generation, both traits of tallness and dwarfness were
inherited where tallness is dominant and dwarfness is recessive.
PH
Reappearance of dwarf characters in the F2 generation proves that the dwarf
trait was inherited but not expressed in the Fi generation.

25. (A) Variations

EX

(B) Gene
(C) Speciation
(D) Homozygous

26. The labelling are as following:

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27.

B
28. (A) The reaction in which Vanaspati oil reacts with hydrogen and gets
U
converted to Vanaspati ghee is called Hydrogenation. Nickel or palladium is
used as a catalyst in this reaction.
PH
EX

(C) Hydrogenation is termed as an addition reaction because hydrogen is

added to unsaturated hydrocarbons in the presence of catalysts such as nickel
or palladium to form saturated hydrocarbons.

29. (A) Ovary

(B) Fallopian tube
(C) Uterus

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OR

B
Planaria has a strong capacity for regeneration. Each body part of a Planaria
can regenerate into a complete Planaria by growing all the missing parts if
U
the Planarian is ever cut into several pieces. This is depicted in the following
figure:
PH
EX

A new organism is created during the reproduction process from the full
parent organism. However, a piece of the original parent body grows into a
new individual during fragmentation.

30. (A) The white powder is plaster of Paris or calcium sulphate

hemihydrate,

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CaSO4 .½ H2O

31. Let the resistance of the electric egg boiler, electric heater and an iron be
R1, R2 and R3 respectively.

B
So,
R1 = 100Ω U
R2 = 150Ω
R3 = 450Ω
PH
Since the three appliances are connected in parallel, the resistance of an
electric toaster connected to the same source should be equal to the
equivalent resistance of the three appliances in parallel.
Therefore, equivalent resistance is given by:
EX

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Therefore, the resistance of an electric toaster connected to the same source is

34.62 Ohm.
Current through the toaster is calculated using Ohm's law,
V=IR
Or, I = V/R = 220/34.62 = 6.35A

OR

B
U
PH
EX

32. (A) The compound used for joining railway tracks is aluminium and iron
(III) oxide (Fe2O3).

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(B) The reaction is called a thermite reaction. It is a highly exothermic

reaction between a metal and metal oxide. In this, the aluminium acts as a
reducing agent, that reduces iron oxide to produce molten iron and
aluminium oxide, which is used to weld railway tracks.
(C) Chemical equation for thermite reaction is: 2Al(s)+Fe2O3(s) → Al2O3(s)
+ 2Fe(s)+ heat.

33. The characteristics of magnetic field lines are:

(1) Two magnetic lines never intersect each other.
(2) Magnetic field lines are always arranged in the form of closed concentric
circles outside the magnet and their direction is from North to South pole.
(3) Inside the magnet, they are uniform, straight and move from South to
North pole. Near the poles, they are denser and stronger, whereas weaker

B
when wider apart.
U
34. (A) The type of mirrors that are used in the designing of solar furnaces
are concave mirrors.
PH
High temperature is achieved by this device by placing a solar furnace at the
focus of a large concave mirror, it focuses a parallel beam of light on the
furnace. Therefore, a high temperature is attained at this point after some
time.
(B) Convex mirrors always form diminished. virtual and erect images.
EX

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B
U
PH
EX

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B
35. (A) The colour of the copper sulphate solution changes from blue to light
green or colourless, because iron being more reactive than copper displaces
U
copper from copper sulphate solution and forms ferrous sulphate solution
(green). Copper gets deposited on iron nails.
PH
Fe+CuSO4 → FeSO4(aq) + Cu
(B) It is a single displacement reaction because iron displaces copper from
copper sulphate solution.
(C) No reaction will take place in this case, as copper is less reactive than
EX

iron so it is unable to displace it from ferrous sulphate solution. Therefore,

there will not be any change in the test tube
OR
Ore 'P' gives Co, on heating hence it is a carbonate ore. Steps involved in
extraction of ore 'P: 0 Calcination: The ore is heated below its
melting point either in absence of air or in limited supply to obtain a metal
oxide
PCO3 → PO + CO2
(1) Reduction
The metal oxide is reduced with coke to obtain metal
PO+C → P+CO
Ore 'Q’ is a sulphide ore. Steps involved in the extraction of element 'Q’
(i) Roasting is a process of metallurgy where one is converted into its oxide
by heating it below its melting point

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in the presence of excess air.

(ii) Reduction: The metal oxide is reduced to metal by carbon
QO+C→ Q+CO
The first step used during the extraction of ore is roasting. Ore is heated
below its melting point in the presence of extra air during a metallurgical
process that turns it into its oxide. Moisture and nonmetallic impurities are
released as volatile gases during roasting Roasting is a solid-gas thermal
reaction that includes pyrohydrolysis, oxidation, reduction, sulfation, and
chlorination.

36. (A) Thyroid secretes thyroxine.

Function: It plays an important role in the regulation of the basal metabolic
rate. Parathyroid secretes Parathyroid hormone (PTH, also known as

B
parathormone). Function: The maintenance of the parathyroid hormone is
necessary for the proper operation of the nervous and muscular systems. It
U
regulates the levels of calcium and potassium in the blood.
Pancreas secrete insulin and glucagon. Function of insulin: Insulin is
PH
essential for maintaining the homeostasis of blood glucose levels. Function of
glucagon: It aids in keeping blood sugar levels normal.
(B) One of the important parts of hindbrain is
cerebellum that controls and coordinates the movements of our body and
helps in adjusting the posture. It functions even when the person is asleep.
EX

37. (A) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are the most chemical responsible for
depletion of the ozone layer. The ozone gets depleted by gaseous CFCs when
they slowly rise into the stratosphere, they get broken down by strong
ultraviolet radiation, release chlorine atoms, and then react with ozone
molecules.
(B) The formation of ozone takes place when high energy UV radiations act
on oxygen molecules (O2) and split it into oxygen atoms (O), which combine
with the oxygen molecules to form ozone (O3). Therefore, ozone protects
earth from harmful UV radiations.
OR
(B) The environment is negatively impacted by the ozone layer's depletion.
As the ozone layer thins, people will be directly exposed to the sun's harmful
ultraviolet radiation. Humans may experience severe health problems as a

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result, including skin conditions, cancer, sunburns, cataracts, rapid ageing,

and weakened immune systems.

38. (A) Part labelled 'A' and 'B' is vitreous humour and crystalline lens
respectively.

B
U
(B) The part labelled 'C' ie, Iris is responsible for the colour of the eye.
PH
(C) The part labelled 'D' is retina. It is a light
sensitive screen which captures the light rays focused by the lens and sends
impulses to the brain via the optic nerve.
OR
(C) The part labelled 'E' is pupil. It opens and closes to control and regulate
EX

the amount of light.

The part labelled 'F' ie. The cornea covers the front transparent part of the
sclera. This membrane is quite thin. It refracts the light entering the eye like a
lens.

39. (A) The sex hormone testosterone has vital functions in the body. It is
believed to control a man's libido, bone mass, fat distribution, muscle mass
and strength, as well as the creation of sperm and red blood cells.
(B) The male reproductive system is located in the pelvis region. It includes a
pair of testes along with accessory ducts, glands and the accessory or external
genitalia.
(C) Testes (the site of spermatogenesis) are located outside the abdominal
cavity because the process of spermatogenesis requires a lower temperature

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86 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

(2°C to 2.5°C) than the body. The scrotum or scrotal sac is the name of the
pouch.
OR
(C) Human zygote is a diploid cell having 2n number of chromosomes,
formed by the fusion of human sperm and human egg. Thus, human zygote
has 46 chromosomes, whereas human sperm (male gamete) formed by
reduction division/meiosis, have only 23 chromosomes. Therefore, the ratio
will be 2:1.

B
U
PH
EX

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87 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Sample Paper 4
Class X (2022 - 2023)

General instructions:
i) This question paper consists of 39 questions in 5 sections.
ii) All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in
some questions. A student is expected to attempt only one of these
questions.
iii) Section A consists of 20 objective type questions carrying 01 marks each.
iv) Section B consists of 6 very short questions carrying 02 marks each.
Answers to these questions should be in the range of 30 to 50 words.
v) Section C consists of 7 short questions carrying 03 marks each. Answers to

B
these questions should be in the range of 50 to 80 words.
vi) Section D consists of 3 Long questions carrying 05 marks each. Answers
U
to these questions should be in the range of 80 to 120 words.
vii) Section E consists of 3 source-based/case-based units of assessment of
PH
04 marks each with sub-parts.

Section-A
(Select and write one most appropriate option out of the
EX

four options given for each question 1-20).

1. Identify the correct labelling for part labelled ‘R’ and ‘S’.

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88 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

B
2. Identify X and Y i the given reaction:
U
PH
EX

3. Refrigeration of food materials is done to prevent a phenomenon. Identify

the change which can be observed during this phenomenon.
(a) Flavour changes
(b) Aroma changes
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) No change occurs.

4. Take a look at the figures below.

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89 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Which of the above figures is correct?

(a) Figure A
(b) Figure B
(c) Figure A and B
(d) Both are incorrect

5. Examine the illustration of the pollen-pistil interaction provided below:

B
U
PH
EX

The name and number of the structure produced by Part ‘Q’:

(a) Male gamete, two
(b) Female gamete, one
(c) Male gamete, one
(d) Female gamete, two

6. Calcium reacts with water and begins to float. Identify the balanced chemical
equation of the reaction.
(a) Ca+ H2O → Ca(OH)2+ H2
(b) Ca + 2H2O → Ca(OH)2 + H2
(c) 2Ca + 2H2O → 2Ca(OH)3 + 2H2
(d) 2Ca+H2O → 2Ca(OH)2 + H2

7. The most likely cause of pollen grain 'A's failure to germinate in the given
diagram of the carpel of an insect pollinated flower is:

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(a) Pollen grains 'B' and 'C' were carried to the flower by insects, whereas pollen
grain 'A' was carried to the flower by the wind.
(b) A flower of an incompatible species produced pollen grain 'A
(c) Pollen grain A lacks protrusions necessary for proper adhesion to the stigma

B
surface.
(d) Because pollen grains ‘B' and 'C' arrived at the stigma first, their germination
prevented pollen grain A from germinating.
U
8. Two elements 2311P and 199Q are given.
PH
Which of them is non-metal?
(0) P
(b) Q
(c) Both P and Q
(d) Both are metals
EX

9. The chambers are shown to have contracted using arrows in the figure.

Identify the phase of circulation that is depicted in the following heart diagram.
(a) Blood is pumped into several organs at once and transferred to the lungs for
oxygenation.
(b) Various body organs receive blood from the lungs after it has been oxygenated.
(c) Blood flowed simultaneously to the left and right auricles.
(d) Blood is simultaneously pumped into the right and left ventricles.

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91 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

10. The lactic acid concentration in blood of a student during a sport's day race,
with point D showing the peak is depicted in the graph.

While competing in the race during sport's day, the student started producing lactic
acid. Which of the subsequent processes best describes this incident?
(a) Breathing
(b) Aerobic respiration
(c) Anaerobic respiration

B
(d) Fermentation

11. Take 4g of Ba(OH)2, add 3g of NH4CL, and

U
stir the mixture with a glass rod in a test tube. Now reach out and touch the test
tube. When you touch the test tube, how do you feel?
PH
(a) The bottom of the test tube is found to be cooler.
(b) The bottom of the test tube is found to be hotter.
(c) The bottom of the test tube is neither cool nor hot.
(d) The bottom of the test tube is found to be cooler for some time and then it
becomes extremely hot.
EX

12. Prism ABC is positioned in various directions with BC serving as its base. As
depicted in the figures provided below, a narrow beam of white light is incident on
the prism. Which of the following situations, after dispersion, has the third colour
from the top match the sky's colour?

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B
U
PH

13. The path of a light beam passing through a glass prism is depicted in the
diagram below:
EX

In this diagram, the angles of incidence, emergence, and deviation are,

respectively:
(a) X, Q and P
(b) Y, Q and T
(c) X, R and T
(d) Y, Q and P

14. A student formulae and common names for various substances, but he
neglected to record which formula corresponds to which compound. Some

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93 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

formulae were correct but some were incorrect as in the following table:

Identify the option which shows incorrect matches:

(a) (I) and (II)
(b) (I) and (III)
(c) (II) and (IV)
(d) (III) and (IV)

15. Consider the following cross between peas plants showing self-pollination in F

B
generation:
U
PH

The seeds produced in F1 generation are:

(a) round and yellow
(b) round and green
EX

(c) wrinkled and green

(d) wrinkled and yellow

16. Which of the following figures is correctly drawn?

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94 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Select the correct option:

(a) (I)
(b) (II)
(c) Both are correct
(d) Both are incorrect

For question 17-20, two statements are given-one labelled Assertion (A) and
the other labelled Reason (R) . Select the correct answer to these questions
form the codes (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) as given below:
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of the assertion.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
c) A is true but R is false.

B
d) A is false but R is true.

17. Assertion (A): CnH2n+2 corresponds to the general formula of alkanes.

U
Reason (R): Alkenes are unsaturated but this series is a saturated series.
PH
18. Assertion (A): Tigers have shorter small intestine whereas seers have a
longer small intestine.
Reason (R): The length of the small intestine depends on the type of food the
animal eats.
EX

19. Assertion (A): Electrons move when current flows in the same direction
to that of the current flow.
Reason (R): When electrons collide while travelling, heat is produced.

20. Assertion (A): pollen grain begins to shrink and develop into a pollen
tube.
Reason (R): Pollen tube reaches the ovule through the micropyle.

Section-B
(Q.no. 21 to 26 are very short answer type questions)

21. In a specific area, what kind of magnetic field lines are found. Create a diagram
to symbolise.

22. Aluminium, magnesium, and sodium oxides cannot be converted to their

corresponding metals by carbon. Why? In the reactivity series, where are these

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metals located? How do these metals get their ores into metals?

23. A student held a mirror in his hand and pointed the mirror's reflective surface
towards the sun. Then, holding a piece of paper close to the mirror, he directed the
reflected light there.
Will this activity enable him to calculate the mirror's approximate focal length?
Give an explanation and a ray diagram to support your response in this situation.
OR
To illustrate refraction through a rectangular glass slab, create a ray diagram. How
are Incident and emergent rays related?

24. (A) When a mature Spirogyra filament reaches a significant length, what
happens?
(B) What are the names of the organisms that have both sex organs in the same
individual? Name one such organism as an example.
OR

B
(A) Give an explanation of why a more complex organism cannot produce new life
through the process of regeneration.
(B) What distinguishes a unisexual flower from a bisexual flower?
U
PH
25. The electron arrangement in a compound made up of element "R" and fluorine
is depicted in the figure:
EX

(A) Write a chemical formula of this compound.

(B) is this an ionic or covalent compound. Give a reason.

26. Find the resistance between points A and B in the circuit diagram given below:

OR
Find the current drawn from the battery by the network of four resistors shown in
the figure.

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96 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Section-C
(Q.no. 27 to 33 are short answer type questions)

27. Without muscle cells, how do plant cells demonstrate movement? Name the
movement that plant cells exhibit under these circumstances as well.

28. Explain the following:

B
U
(A) NaCl does not conduct electricity when it is solid, but it does so when it is
molten or in an aqueous solution. Explain.
(B) When dipped in HNO reactivity of aluminium decreases.
PH
(C) in nature, metals like Na, Ca, and Mg are never found in their free state.

29. According to the instructions, help Riya to fill out the following flow chart.
EX

30. Define spectrum. Why do various coloured rays diverge in different ways when
they pass through a glass prism?
OR
(A) Create a diagram to demonstrate how a myopic eye forms an image of a distant
object. How can such an eye defect be remedied?
(B) It is suggested that one wears glasses with convex lenses. What kind of vision
impairment does he have?

31. Sunita wrote the chemical formula for an organic acid, 'X, as C2HO2. It is a

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liquid that frequently freezes during the winter in cold countries. When she
warmed it with ethanol while adding a few drops of concentrated sulphuric acid it
resulted in the formation of the sweet-smelling compound "Y".
(A) Identify 'X' and 'Y. Draw their structure.
(B) Create a chemical equation to describe the reaction.
OR
(A) Why is the methane-chlorine reaction deemed a substitution reaction when
sunlight is present?
(B) Give reason for the following observations:
(i) The use of synthetic detergents contaminates the water.
(ii) When the heated vessels turn black from the flame, the air holes of a gas burner
must be adjusted.

32. Illustrate four possible circuit connections for four resistors with r ohm each.
When is the combination's equivalent resistance:
(A) maximum

B
(B) minimum

33. Identify part P, Q, R and S in the figure given below:

U
PH
EX

What name is given to the series of events depicted in the figure. Explain.

Section-D
(Q.no. 34 to 36 are Long answer type questions)

34. (A) A species variation does not all have the same chances of surviving. Why?
(B) Breeding pea plants with violet flowers. and pea plants with white flowers was
done as a Mendelian experiment. What will happen to the F, progeny? (C) When a
tall pea plant crosses with a short pea plant, why are the offspring always tall? Also
show its cross.

35. Draw lines encircling a magnet (as shown in the figure) in the magnetic field.

Indicate one point where the uniform and non-uniform magnetic fields differ.
(B) The uniform magnetic field is perpendicular to a current-carrying conductor.

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What happens to the conductor's displacement:

(i) if the current becomes stronger
(ii) a weak horseshoe magnet is used in its place?

(C) Think about a wire loop that is lying in a circle on the table. Allow the current
to move clockwise around the loop. To determine the magnetic field's direction
both inside and outside the loop, use the right-hand rule.
OR
(A) How often do electrical short circuits happen?
(B) Why are live and neutral pins thinner and shorter than earth pins?
(C) In the east-west direction, a straight conductor carrying current is positioned.
What will be the direction of the force this conductor feels from the magnetic field
of the earth? What effects will this force have when:
changing the flow of the current's direction
(ii) increasing the current's strength?

B
36. Rakesh performed an experiment to produce HCL gas.
(A) Make a labelled diagram to demonstrate how hydrogen chloride gas is made in
a laboratory.
U
(B) Use dry and then wet litmus paper to test the gas that has evolved. Which of
the two scenarios results in a colour change on the litmus paper?
(C) Explain why dry HCL gas or HCl solution exhibits an acidic character.
PH
OR
(A) What happens to the egg shells when nitric acid is added? Write the chemical
equation involved.
(B) In two different beakers, a student made solutions of (i) an acid and (ii) a base.
She neglected to label the solutions, and the lab was lacking in litmus paper. How
EX

will she tell one solution from the other when they are both colourless?

Section-E
(Q.no. 37 to 39 are Case based questions with 2 to 3 short sub-parts. Internal
choice is provided in one of these sub-parts.)

37. To survive, yeast requires three things: food warmth, and moisture. In the
presence of warmth and moisture, yeast ferments the sugar and starch in its food to
produce carbon dioxide and ethanol. The bread rises due to carbon dioxide. In this
recipe, the ingredients that dry yeast loves the most-flour, milk sugar, and melted
butter-are actively mixed together. The process of kneading is crucial to making
bread. It helps the dough develop gluten, which is essential for the elastic texture of
bread. But this dish is unique. Because of how much the proteins are broken down,
even small actions can produce gluten

(A) Energy is released as heat during the baking of bread. Exothermic reactions are
what are known as such reactions. What happens in an exothermic reaction?

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(B) "Exothermic reactions occur much faster than endothermic ones. Justify the
statement.
OR
(B) Which of the following reactions is exothermic?
(CaO+ H2O
Ca(OH)2(aq) + Heat
(0) 2AgCl2Ag+Clag
(110) 2Pb(NO3)26)→ 2PbO4NO+ O2

38. For the majority of species to survive, food chains are crucial in some cases,
the extinction of a species can happen when just one component of the food chain
is eliminated.

B
U
PH
EX

(A) What limits the number of trophic levels in a food chain?

(B) If Ravi is consuming curd and yoghurt for lunch, which trophic level in a food
chain should he be considered as occupying?
(C) The decomposers are not included in the food chain. What is the reason for the
same?
If 10,000 J solar energy falls on green plants in a terrestrial ecosystem, what
percentage of solar energy will be converted into food energy?
OR
(C) Matter and energy are two fundamental inputs of an ecosystem. How is the
movement of energy and matter? Give a reason.

39. The path of light is altered when it moves from one transparent medium to
another. This phenomenon is known as light refraction. The optical density of the
medium that the light passes through determines how the light will bend.

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100 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

From medium to medium, light travels at varying speeds. A medium with a higher
speed of light is optically rarer, whereas a medium
with a lower speed of light is optically denser. When light travels from one
medium to another, its frequency does not alter, instead, its speed and wavelength
do it came to the conclusion that the primary cause of refraction is a change in light
speed.

(A) How do light rays bend in one of the following ways when they pass through
the glass from the air?

B
(B) What happens to the frequency of light when light travels from one medium to
another? U
(C) At what angle the ray of light hits the boundary of medium B so that no
bending as light occurs?
OR
PH
(C) What is the effect on speed when light travels through the glass and into the
water? How does the bottom of a pool filled with water appear due to light
refraction?

Solutions for Sample Paper 4

EX

Class X (2022 - 2023)

1. (b) R: Ovary S: Female germ cell

Explanation: The part labelled as ' and '5' is ovary and female germ cell
respectively. Once the pollen begins to grow it travels through the cells of the style
to the ovary, where it frees the female gamete.

2. (c) X:6. X:3

Explanation: X-6 Y-3 Glucoses a 6-carbon molecule and pyruvate is a 3-carbon
molecule .

3. (c) Both (a) and (b)

Explanation: Refrigeration of food materials is done to prevent rancidity Rancidity
is a process that causes feed materials that contain fats and oils to alter their flavour

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101 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

and odour. Air, fats and oils interact to produce rancidity which alters the flavour
and aroma of food.

4. (c) Figure A
Explanation: The greatest number of people exist at the producer level in an
ecosystem Each level after that sees a decrease in this number. As a result, it has a
pyramidal shape with a wider base and a tapered peak. 10% of the food is typically
converted into body mass and made available to the following tier of consumers.

5. (a) Male gamete, two

Explanation: Part labelled as ‘Q’ is pollen grain. Two mole gametes are produced
from each pollen grain.

6. (b) Ca + 2H2O →+ Cu(OH)2 +H2

B
Explanation: Cold water and calcium react to produce calcium hydroxide and
hydrogen gas. The balanced chemical equation of the reaction is
Ca + 2H2O → Ca(OH)2 + H2
U
7. (b) A flower of an incompatible species produced pole grain ‘A’.
PH
Explanation: Only when the pollen grain and stigma are compatible, that is, belong
to the same or close relatives of species, con pollen grains begin to develop. A
compatible species must have produced pollen grains B and 'C. Pollen tubes are
created when only compatible pollen grains germinate.
EX

8. (b) Q
Explanation: Based on the atomic number the electronic configurations of the
elements P and Q are:

Non-metals usually have 5 to 7 electrons in their outermost shell. Therefore,

element 199Q is non-metal.

9. (a) Blood is pumped into several organs ot once and transferred to the lungs for
oxygenation

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102 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Explanation: In the figure, the ventricular systole is visible. Bloed is

simultaneously pumped into numerous organs and transported to the lungs to be
oxygenated through ventricular contraction.

10. (c) Anaerobic respiration

Explanation: Our muscle cells' ability to break down pyruvate occasionally shifts
to another pathway when there is insufficient oxygen present. Here, the pyruvate is
changed into the three-carbon molecule lactic acid Cramps are brought on by the
accumulation of lactic acid in our muscles during intense exercise. When we
perform challenging tasks, such as long distance running or intense exercise, this
anaerobic respiration frequently occurs in our muscle cells.

11. (a) The bottom of test tube is found to be cooler

Explanation: The bottom of the test tube is found to be cooler when barum

B
hydroxide is added to ammonium chloride because this reaction is endothermic.

12. (b)
U
PH

Explanation: The third colour from the top in the prism, when it is positioned with
angle A upward is yellow. However, the third colour from the top that we were
EX

given is blue (colour of the sky) As a result, base BC must be on top, meaning the
prism must be turned upside down.

13. (1) Y, Q and P

Explanation: Incident angle or angle Y in this case, is the angle formed by the
incident roy with the normal to the first face of the prism Emergent angle or angle
in this case is the angle that the emergent ra, makes with the normal to the surface
when it exits the prism following refraction, Angle of deviation, or angle P in this
case, is the angle formed by the incident and emergent rays.

14. (a) (I) and (II)

Explanation: The correct formula of the compounds are:
Slaked lime-CaOH
Caustic soda-NoOH
Baking soda NaHCO

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103 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Lime CaQ

15. (a) round and yellow

Explanations: Round and Yellow seeds (RrYy) are produced in F1 offspring as a
result of the cross between round green seeded pea plants (RRyy) and wrinkled
yellow seeded pea plants (rrYY).

16. (b) (II)

B
Explanation: The correct figure showing the different colours on the white screen
is: U
PH
EX

17. (c)
Explanation: CnH2n+2 corresponds to the general formula of alkanes. Since, alkenes
are unsaturated so this series is a saturated series. A series of compounds with the
same functional group is called a homologous series. Both their physical and
chemical characteristics are similar. The general formula for compounds in the
same homologous series is the same.

18. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Explanation: Tigers have a shorter small intestine as meat is easier to digest.
Dears have a longer small intestine to allow cellulose from the plants to be
digested. We know that deers are herbivorous whereas tigers are carnivorous
animals.

19. (d) A is false but R is true

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104 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Explanation: Electrons move when current flows in the opposite direction to that of
the current flow. When electrons collide while travelling, heat is produced. The
resistance of each determines how much heat is produced. In the case of a series
connection, the current had the same magnitude entering and leaving
the resistors.

20. (c) A is true but R is false

Explanation: The pollen grain begins to swell and develop into a pollen tube. The
pollen tube develops into the style before passing through the micropyle to reach
the ovule.The two mole gametes that were locked inside the embryo sac are
released when the pollen tube reaches it. The male gamete then fuses with the
female game embryo sac.

21. The parallel, equally spaced, lines of equal length are used to represent the

B
uniform magnetic field as follows:
U
PH

22. As these elements are positioned above carbon in the reactivity series, sodium,
magnesium, and aluminium are all considered to be more reactive than carbon.
As a result of its lower natural reactivity. carbon cannot reduce the oxides of
EX

sodium, magnesium, and aluminium

The electrolytic reduction (Electrolysis) method is used to remove highly reactive
metals from their ores, including sodium, magnesium, and aluminium.
23. By measuring the distance between the paper and the mirror, the student can
determine the approximate focal length.

OR
The adjacent figure displays a ray diagram illustrating refraction through a
rectangular glass slab.

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105 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

24. (A) Spirogyra's mature, elongated filament breaks into smaller pieces or
fragments. The fragments develop into fully developed filaments.
(B) Hermaphrodites or bisexuals, such as Mustard and Hydra
OR

B
(A) Complex organisms like humans, birds, lizards, and others do not experience
it. Regeneration in this case is restricted to minor part repair or regeneration. It's
U
because complex animals have highly differentiated tissues and organs.
(B) A bisexual flower has both types of reproductive organs, whereas a unisexual
PH
flower only has one type, either stamens (the staminate or mole flower) or pistils
(the pistillate or female flower).

25. (A) RF4

(B) It is a covalent compound. The molecule RF is formed when an atom 'R' shares
EX

four pairs of electrons with four fluorine atoms, as depicted in the figure. Covalent
compounds have the property of sharing electrons.

26.

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106 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

27. Plants move either statically or tidally in the absence of muscle cells. Changes

B
in the water content of a plant's cells allow for nastic movement. The nastic
movement is carried out by the petiole of the leaves.
U
The action of various hormones in the plants causes the tropic movement.
(i)The hormone auxin causes phototropism.
PH
(ii) The abscisic acid hormone causes leaves to wilt.
(iii) By using cytokinin, the fruits and seeds grow.
The movement that plant cells exhibit under these circumstances is termed as
nastic movement.
EX

28. (A) An ionic compound with sodium and chloride ions in its structure is
sodium chloride. Ionic compounds do not conduct electricity when they are solid,
but they do so when they are dissolved in water or molten. So, sodium chloride
exhibits this property.
(B) Nitric acid is used to coat aluminium, causing aluminium oxide to form on the
metal. Nitric acid is a potent oxidising agent, which causes this to occur.
Aluminum's further reaction is stopped by the layer of aluminium oxide. The result
is a decrease in aluminium's reactivity.
(C) Metals like sodium, calcium, and magnesium are extremely reactive and never
occur in nature in their free state because they react with oxygen even at room
temperature.

29. P-Hydrochloric acid (HCI)

Q-Protein digesting enzyme pepsin
R-Mucus

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107 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

S-HCL is medium acidic for the activation of an enzyme pepsin.

T-Pepsin acts in an acidic medium which breaks down proteins into peptones.
U-Mucus protects the inner lining of the stomach from the corroding action of
HCL.

30. Spectrum: A band of seven colours is created on a white screen when a beam
of white light passes through a prism. This is referred to as the white light
spectrum.
When white light passes through a glass prism, different components of it are
refracted or bent at different angles, which causes the white light to disperse. The
seven-colored band, or spectrum, is created when white light is made up of seven
colours and falls on a prism. Each colour is refracted or deviated by a different
angle as a result.
OR

B
(A)
U
PH

By using a concave lens with the right focal length, myopia can be treated.
(B) Hypermetropia
EX

31. (A) The organic acid, X, which often freezes in the winter in cold countries, is
ethanoic acid.
The structural formula is given below:

When ethanoic acid is warmed with methanol in the presence of a few drops of
concentrated sulphuric acid, the compound Y with sweet fragrance is formed. This
compound is called methyl ethanoate.
The structural formula is given below:

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108 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

(B) The chemical equation of the reaction is given below:

OR
(A) Chloromethane and hydrogen chloride are formed when methane and chlorine
react in the presence of sunlight. Here, a chlorine atom replaces one of the
hydrogen atoms in methane. Thus it is a substitution reaction. (B) In general,
synthetic detergents are not biodegradable, meaning that bacteria cannot break
them down. Consequently. The use of synthetic detergents pollutes lakes and
rivers.
(ii) Gas burner air holes need to be adjusted because blackening of the vessel
indicates that the gas stove's air holes are becoming blocked, which prevents the
fuel from burning completely due to lack of oxygen.

B
32. Four possible circuit connections for four resistors with r ohm each are as
following: U
PH
EX

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109 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

(A) Maximum resistance = Case(i) where all the resistors are combined in
series.
(B) Minimum resistance = Case(ii) where all the resistance are combined in
parallel combination.

33.

B
U
PH
The name given to the series of events depicted in the figure is reflex action. The
reflex arc is the path taken by the nerve impulses involved in a reflex action. A
stimulus is first detected by skin-based receptors, which then send an impulse
carrying the stimulus to the spinal
EX

cord. The motor neurons receive the impulse from the spinal cord after it has
processed the stimulus. The effectors, or muscles, are stimulated by the motor
neurons to react to the stimulus.

34. (A) The chances of each variation surviving in their natural environment are
not equal. Different people would benefit in different ways depending on the types
of variations The organisms that are best suited to their surroundings will endure.
(B) According to the Mendelian experiment. violet colour (W) is dominant and
white colour (WW) is recessive trait Consequently, the F progeny's flower will be
violet in colour (Vw)
(C) Only tall plants are produced in the F progeny when a toll plant (TT) crosses
with a short pea plant (TT). This is due to the fact that only one of two contrasting
traits is present in the first generation's offspring. Accordingly, the trait that
manifests in the F generation is dominant, whereas the trait that does not manifest

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110 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

is recessive. All of the plants are tall because the character TT for tall plants is
dominant.

35. (A)

B
U
The term "uniform magnetic field" refers to an area or space with a consistent
magnetic field throughout. Non-uniform magnetic field is the term used to describe
the magnetic field that is different in strength and direction at every location in
PH
space
(B) When the current is increased the displacement of the conductor () will rise and
(i) will fall when a weak horse shoe magnet is used.
(C) According to the right-hand rule, we
EX

discover that the magnetic field lines are pointed inward and perpendicular to the
plane of the paper inside the loop. Magnetic field lines that are directed away from
the loop are coming from the paper’s plane.
OR
(A) Live wire and neutral wire may come into direct contact if either the insulation
of the wires used in an electric circuit is damaged or if there is a problem with the
appliances As a result, the circuit experiences short circuiting and an abrupt rise in
current.
(B) Earth pin is thicker to prevent insertion into the live or neutral sockets; it is
lengthened so that it can make contact with the earth terminal before the live and
neutral pins do. This guarantees the user's security.
(C) The earth's magnetic field is oriented from O-north to U-south. Suppose the
current is going east to west. Force is therefore directed vertically upward.
(i)The direction of will be reversed- vertically downwards-by changing the
direction of the current.
(ii) The force's strength is doubled.

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36. (A) (i)

(B) Blue Litmus paper that is "dry" stays the same colour, but blue litmus paper
that is "most" turns red when it comes in contact with the test tube mouth.

B
This demonstrates that HCL gas behaves acidically in the presence of water but not
in the absence of water. U
(C) Hydrochloric acid solution, or HC created when HCL gas dissolves in water.
This solution then produces H+ or H2Oions
HCL +H2O→ H3O + Cl-
PH
The H+ or H3O+ present causes it to behave acidically.
OR
(A) Calcium carbonate is present in egg shells. Nitric acid and calcium carbonate
react to produce calcium nitrate and carbon dioxide gas.
EX

CaCO3+HNO3→ CaNO3+CO2+H2O
(B) To determine which beaker contains acid and which contains bose, we can use
phenolphthalein. In basic solutions, phenolphthalein turns pink instead of
colourless.
In addition, we can use other organic indicators like turmeric or China rose
An organic indicator is turmeric. It is coloured yellow. While turmeric paper does
not change colour when exposed to acid. it does turn red when submerged in a
basic solution.
Another natural indicator is the China rose. With acid, China rose solution
produces a dark pink (magenta) colour, and with base, a green colour.

37. (A) Exothermic refers to chemical reactions that release energy When bonds
are formed in the products of exothermic reactions, more energy is released than is
required to break the bonds between the reactants. The temperature of the reaction
mixture rises as a result of exothermic reactions.

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(B) Exothermic reactions are regarded as being more rapid than endothermic ones.
This is primarily due to the instantaneous or spontaneous nature of the reactions in
the exothermic process. In this case, no energy input is necessary to get past any
significant energy obstacles. Contrarily, in the case of endothermic reactions, we
need some kind of energy (typically heat) to get past the energy barrier even before
the process itself begins. Exothermic reactions therefore happen much more
quickly than endothermic ones.
OR
(B) Reaction (I) and (II) are exothermic
Reaction (I): Heat is produced as a result of the reaction, as evidenced by the heat
symbol (A) at the side of the products. As a result, the reaction is exothermic
because heat is being released
Reaction (It Three products are formed during the decomposition of 2PNO
Decomposition reactions always occur by gaining energy. Thus it is an exothermic

B
reaction.

38. (A) Decrease in energy at higher trophic level limits the number of trophic
levels in a food chain.
U
(B) Ravi is a primary consumer and primary consumers occupy the second trophic
PH
level.
(C) Decomposers are not included in the food chain because they do not directly
interact with any organisms.
Green plants in a terrestrial ecosystem convert 1% of the total solar energy falling
EX

on it into food - 1% of 10,000 - 100 J

OR
(C) Movement of energy is unidirectional and matter is repeatedly circulating. The
flow of energy in the ecosystem is unidirectional because the energy lost as heat
from the living organism of the food chain cannot be used by plants in
photosynthesis.

39. (A) A light ray bands toward the normal as it passes through glass from air.
(B) When light travels from one medium to another, its frequency remains
constant. When light is incident normally or perpendicularly on a boundary
between two media, it does not bend because the angle of incidence and the angle
of refraction are both zero.
OR
(C) Because water is an optically rarer medium than glass, light travels faster when
it passes through water.
Refraction causes a pool's bottom to appear shallower than it actually is.

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Sample Paper 5
Class X (2022 - 2023)

General instructions:
i) This question paper consists of 39 questions in 5 sections.
ii) All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in
some questions. A student is expected to attempt only one of these
questions.
iii) Section A consists of 20 objective type questions carrying 01 marks each.
iv) Section B consists of 6 very short questions carrying 02 marks each.
Answers to these questions should be in the range of 30 to 50 words.

B
v) Section C consists of 7 short questions carrying 03 marks each. Answers to
these questions should be in the range of 50 to 80 words.
U
vi) Section D consists of 3 Long questions carrying 05 marks each. Answers
to these questions should be in the range of 80 to 120 words.
PH
vii) Section E consists of 3 source-based/case-based units of assessment of
04 marks each with sub-parts.

Section-A
EX

(Select and write one most appropriate option out of the

four options given for each question 1-20).

1. Match the terms of column(I) with those of column (II).

a). (A)-(iii), (B)-(iv), (C)-(i), (D)-(ii)

b). (A)-(ii), (B)-(iii), (C)-(iv), (D)-(i)

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c). (A)-(ii), (B)-(iv), (C)-(iii), (D)-(ii)

d). (A)-(iii), (B)-(i), (C)-(ii), (D)-(iv)

2. Packed food items made up of oils and fats are generally flushed with inert
gas a shown in the in the image:

This is done:
(i)To protect them from corrosion.

B
(ii) They protect their flavours.
(iii)To protect them from being rancid. U
(iv)To protect their taste.

Which of the statements are correct?

PH
(a) (ii), (iii), (iv)
(b) (iii) and (iv)
(c) Only (iii)
(d) All of these
EX

3. The following reactions occurs:

Select the
correct statements.
(a) It is a displacement reaction.
(b) The white precipitate obtained is BaCO3.
(c) The correct equation representing the chemical reaction is
BaCl2 + CuSO4 → BaSO44 + CuCl2
(d) It is a displacement and precipitation reaction.

4. A concave mirror with a 36 cm radius of curvature creates an upright image

three times the size of the object. What position does the image occupy?
(a) Behind the mirror
(b) In front of the mirror
(c) Focus of the mirror

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(d) Anywhere on the mirror

5. Yogita was observing her mother washing the clothes, she added the detergent
and washed the clothes.

Yogita asked her teacher how detergent removes all the stains so easily, her teacher
replied that soap solution results in micelle formation that helps in removal of dirt.
The micelle formation is shown in the given figure:

B
U
PH
Choose the correct reason from the following, which helps in dirt removal:
(a) Ionic ends attract each other to remove dirt.
(b) Mixture of soap molecules and dirt is heavy and gets removed.
(c) Accumulation of the dirt at the centre of micelle and gets washed away with it.
EX

(d) Water molecules collect at the centre of the micelle

6. Secretion of certain hormones which are referred to as sex hormones, are

responsible for physical changes in the body of both boys and girls starting at the
age of 10-12 years (puberty). Some common changes include hair growth under
armpits, in genital area, oily skin, development of pimples, etc.

These changes are due to secretion of which hormones?

(a) Destrogen from ovary and testosterone from adrenal gland
(b) Oestrogen from ovary and testosterone from testes
(c) Oestrogen from thyroid gland and testosterone from adrenal gland

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(d) Destrogen from adrenal gland and testosterone from testes

7. What is correct about the following equation?

(a) Oxygen should be replaced by water

B
(b) Oxygen should be in molecular (O)2 form
(c) Product would be Mg(OH)2
(d) Product would be MgO2
U
8. An object is positioned 30 cm away from a concave lens with a 15 cm focal
PH
length. Which of the following characteristics of the image created by the lens is
correct?
(a) Image is virtual
(b) Image is erect
(c) Image is diminished
EX

(d) All of these

9. Given figure shows that the current flowing is 3A. There are four resistors.

Find the current flowing through 40Ω resistors.

(a) 3A
(b) 1A
(c) 2A
(d) 4A

10. A shining metal "X" on heating in air becomes black in colour. Name the black
coloured compound formed and identify 'X'.

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11. In Dilshad's home, the MCB keeps on tripping again and again. Since it is a
domestic circuit, what could be the reason for this phenomenon?
(a) Overloading
(b) Short circuit
(c) Faulty design
(d) All of These

B
12. When white light passes through the following structure:
U
PH

(a) Dispersion takes place at the first refracting surface and refraction at the second
refracting surface.
(b) Refraction takes place to find the refracting surface and refraction at the second
EX

refracting surface.
(c) Dispersion takes place at both refracting surfaces.
(d) Refraction takes place at both refracting surfaces.

13. In which of the following cases will no dispersion take place when sunlight
passes through it?

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14. Raman and Siya thought of playing a game. Raman blindfolded Siiya and
asked her to perform a lab test to detect the presence of acid in a given solution.

B
Which acid base indicator will be used by Siya?
(a) Vanilla essence
(b) Phenolphthalein
(c) Litmus
U
(d) Universal indicator
PH

15. Which of the following is the advantage of the heating effect of current?
(a) The heating appliances utilise the heating effect of current.
(b) The heating appliances utilise the magnetic effect of current.
(c) The solenoid uses the principle of heating effect of the current
EX

(d) All of these

16. Observe the figure shown:

Which of the following options represents the complete figure for fig.(a) and (b)?

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Select the correct option:

(a) (i) only

B
(b) (ii) only
(c) Both (i) and (ii)
(d) Both figures are wrong.
U
PH
For question 17-20, two statements are given-one labelled Assertion (A) and
the other labelled Reason (R) . Select the correct answer to these questions
form the codes (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) as given below:
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of the assertion.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of the
EX

assertion.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.

17. Assertion (A): A prism held in the air will show that two angles of incidence
have the same magnitude of deviation (aside from the minimum deviation)
Reason (R): In a prism suspended in air, a ray strikes the second surface and exits
through the first.

18. Assertion (A): Pungent smelling gas is evolved when sulphur burns in air.
Reason (R): Sulphur trioxide is formed when sulphur reacts with
oxygen.

19. Assertion (A): Tigers have a shorter small intestine whereas deers have a
longer small intestine.
Reason (R): The length of the small intestine depends on the type of food the
animals eat.

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20. Assertion (A): When a white light beam passes through a hollow prism, it
emits a spectrum.
Reason (R): The speed of light inside a glass prism differs from the speed of light
outside.

Section-B
(Q.no. 21 to 26 are very short answer type questions)

21. Identify P and Q in the given figure.

B
U
PH

What could be the possible function of these parts of the human nervous system?
EX

22. (A) Out of ketone and aldehyde groups, which is the terminal functional group?
(B) Why is candle flame generally yellow?
OR
(A) An unknown compound hasWhat could be the possible function of these parts
of the human nervous system? the smell of vinegar. Identify it.
(B) What do we get when ethanoic acid reacts with ethanol in the presence of
concentrated sulphuric acid?

23. Observe the image given below and explain what is depicted.

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OR
Which defect is shown in the given figure? Write its correction method.

B
U
24. Study the given date and answer the questions following the data: Parental
PH
plants cross fertilise and seeds collected F1 First generation offspring F2 of
offspring of self-pollination of F3. Male parents always bare red flowers, Female
parents always have white flowers, 330 seeds sown and red flowers and 11 seeds
give plants with white flowers.
(A) What is the term for this type of cross?
EX

(B) Express the gene type of the (1) parents (ii) F1 Progeny and (iii) F 2 progeny.

25. A housewife requested that her home be painted white. In 30 litres of water,
she dissolved 10 kg of quick lime that she had purchased from the market.

Even though the water wasn’t being heated, she noticed that it began to boil.
Explain why she made the observation. Name the product produced and write
the corresponding equation.

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26. In an electric heater, which draws a current of 4A from the source, the potential
difference between its terminals is 60 V. If the potential difference is increased to
120 V, then what would be the current that the heater will draw from the source?

Section-C
(Q.no. 27 to 33 are short answer type questions)

27. Outline a project which aims to find the dominant coat colour in dogs.

28. The flowers are either self-pollinated or cross pollinated. How can a scientist
prevent self-pollination? Show it with the help of a diagram.

29. The following picture shows certain examples of compounds containing carbon
such as carbon dioxide, methane, DNA. List any three common physical properties
of these carbon compounds.

B
U
PH
EX

30. In the diagram of the human male reproductive system:

(A) Label A and B.

(B) Name the hormone produced by X. What is the role of this hormone in human
male?

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(C) Mention the name of substances that are transported by tubes C and D.
OR
(A) Find the parts that are incorrectly labelled on the given diagram.

B
(B) What is the purpose of the diagram’s labelled components?
U
PH

31. While driving, Sneha saw a lot of cars behind her in the rear-view mirror when
she stopped at the red signal. What kind of mirror do you think was used in the car
EX

to see the traffic behind and why? Why is it preferred to a plane mirror, explain?
OR
Rahul was moving from infinity towards the pole of the mirror. What position and
type of image does it create?

32. (A) Why shouldn't alkalies like sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide be
exposed to the air?
(B) An aqueous solution goes from having a pH of 3 to 2 over time. How will the
nature of the solution change?
(C) What happens to washing soda crystals when they are exposed to air?

33. (A) How can we magnetise a steel bar using a solenoid?

(B) Why can't a 5 A fuse be used in wire carrying 15 A current?
(C) A fuse is always connected to a live wire and not to a neutral wire. Why?

Section-D
(Q.no. 34 to 36 are Long answer type questions)

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34. (A) A doctor recommended to a patient to take insulin injections and follow a
sugar-free diet. Specify the illness that he has. Why was he given these two pieces
of advice?
(B) Describe the reason for the plant's shoots bending toward the light.
OR
(A) Differentiate between voluntary and involuntary actions of our body.
(B) Reflex arcs in animals have developed for what purpose?
(C) Choose involuntary actions, amongst the following: Reading, Beating of heart,
Salivation in the mouth on viewing tasty food, Talking.

35. Roma noticed her mother keeping two dustbins in her kitchen, one blue and the
other green as shown in the picture. She asked her mother about it. Her mother
explained to her that the waste we generate is of two types and it should be
segregated, so that it can be disposed of easily. Based on this answer the following
questions:

B
U
PH

(A) Differentiate between the two types of wastes generated.

(B) Discuss the importance of segregation of wastes.
EX

(C) How decomposers help in cleaning the environment?

36. (A) An iron knife kept in a blue copper sulphate solution turns the blue solution
into light green. Explain.
(B) An athlete won a bronze medal in a race competition. After some days, he
found that the medal had lost its lustre due to the formation of a greenish layer on
it. Name the metals present in the medal. What is the reason for the appearance of a
greenish layer on its surface?
OR
(A) Their relative positions in the 'reactivity series' are revealed by how metals like
sodium, magnesium, and iron react with air and water. Is this a true statement?
Explain your response using examples.
(B) On placing a piece of zinc metal in a solution of mercuric chloride, it acquires
a silvery surface but when it is placed in a solution of magnesium sulphate, no
change is observed. State the reason for the behaviour of zinc metal.

Section-E

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125 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

(Q.no. 37 to 39 are Case based questions with 2 to 3 short sub-parts. Internal

choice is provided in one of these sub-parts.)

37. There are 118 elements known at present. It is difficult to study and describe all
the properties of all these elements separately. That is why elements showing
similar properties are grouped together.

(A) (i) Some elements show properties of metals as well as non-metals such
elements are known as metalloid. Name three metalloids.
(ii) Study the following reactions of aluminium oxide (Al2O3) with acid and base.
Al2O3 + 6HCl → 2AlCl2 + 3H2O
Al2O3 + 2NaOH → NaAlO2 + H2O
Interpret from the types of oxides given. which category will you place Al2O3.

B
(B) A yellow colored powder X burns with a blue flame and produces suffocation
U
smelling gas which turns blue litmus red. This yellow powder 'X' is also soluble in
carbon disulphide. Identify the nature of 'X'. Write the chemical reaction of 'X'
with air.
PH
OR
(B) Aluminium metal acts as a good reducing agent It reduces Fe2O3 and MnO2 as
shown in the given reactions.
(i) Fe2O3 + 2Al → 2Fe + Al2O3 + Heat
(ii) MnO2 + 4Al → 2Mn + 2Al2O3 + Heat
EX

What do you know about the reactions?

38. Almost all metals and alloys are unstable in the Earth's atmosphere and will
always be susceptible to corrosion For example. The Statue of Liberty looks strong
and permanent Like nearly all metal objects. however it can become unstable as it
reacts with substances in its environment and deteriorates .

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(A) The process of corrosion is a characteristic of all metals. Which metals do not
undergo corrosion?
(B) Which metals do not corrode easily ?

B
(C) Define corrosion?
OR
(C) Corrosion is enhanced by dents on metallic surfaces. Why ? What Is the
chemical formula of rust?
U
PH
39. Rohan is having a toothache. He told his mother about his problem. She told
that he should brush his teeth twice a day and he started doing it but without any
relief. Finally he was taken to a dentist. The doctor diagnosed a cavity in the
molars. Dental cavity or dental caries or tooth decay causes gradual softening of
enamel and dentin. It starts with bacteria acting on sugars producing acids that
EX

soften the enamel Bacterial cells to gather with food particles stuck to the teeth to
form dental plaque. Saliva does not reach the tooth surface to neutralise the acid
produced by bacteria. Brushing the teeth after eating removes the plague before the
bacteria produce acids

(A) Our stomach is a muscular organ located on the left side of the upper abdomen.
It is a J-shaped organ. The stomach expands when food enters into it. How does the
exit of waste occur?
(B) Tooth enamel is made up of calcium hydroxyapatite. Rohit wants to know what
type of toothpaste should be used to prevent tooth decay.
(C) We eat various types of food which have to pass through the digestive tract.

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Firstly the whole food is taken (Ingestion) in the mouth. Then the food is processed
to generate small particles. What is the function of Salivary Amylase and Ha?
OR
(C) Nutrition is the method of obtaining nutrients from the environment. This
process involves the various steps in heterotrophs. Write the correct order of steps?

Solutions for Sample Paper 5

Class X (2022 - 2023)

1. (a) (A)-(iii). (B)-(iv). (C)-() (D)-(i) Explanation: Correct matches are

Olfactory receptors - Nose
Thermoreceptors - Skin
Gustatory Receptors - Tongue
Photoreceptors - Eye

2. (a) (ii) (iii), (iv)

B
U
Explanation: Nitrogen gas is an antioxidant, which prevents food from being
oxidised. When fats and oils are oxidised, they become rancid and their smell and
PH
taste changes.

3. (c) The correct equation representing the chemical reaction is:

BaCl2 + CuSO4 → BaSO4 + CuCl12
EX

Explanation:
BaCl2 + CuSO4 → BaSO4 + CuCl12
(White ppt)
It is a double displacement reaction
4.

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B
U
PH
EX

5. (c) Accumulation of the dirt at the centre of micelle and gets washed away with
it.
Explanation: The dirt that is present is usually oily in nature that does not dissolve
in water. The soap molecule constitutes sodium or potassium salts of long-chain
carboxylic acids. The carbon chain dissolves in oil and the ionic end dissolves in
water in soaps. Therefore, the soap molecules form structures called micelles.
Thus, micelles form an emulsion in water in which one end is towards the oil and
the other end (ionic) faces outside. This helps in dissolving the dirt when we wash
our clothes.

6. (b) Oestrogen from ovary and testosterone from testes.

Explanation: Testes and ovary are the genital organs which secrete sex hormones
testosterone and oestrogen respectively. Testosterone helps in regulation of male
sex organs and secondary sexual characters like voice, beard, etc. Oestrogen helps

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in regulation of female sex organs and secondary sexual characters like mammary
glands, voice, etc.

7. (b) Oxygen should be in molecular (O) form Explanation: In this equation,

oxygen should be in molecule form (O2).
2Mg + O2→ 2MgO

8. (d) All of these

Explanation: At a distance of less than 15 cm from the lens, the image of the given
object created by the given concave lens is virtual, erect, diminished in size and
formed on the same side of the lens.

9. (a) ЗА
Explanation: The current flowing across conductors is constant in a series circuit

B
and voltage is constant in a parallel circuit. Therefore, the current flow will be
uniform throughout the circuit ie., 3A. So, current flowing through a 40 £2 resistor
U
is 3A.

10. (a) Compound: Cupric oxide; X: Copper

PH
Explanation: The black coloured compound is copper (II) oxide or cupric oxide.
The metal 'X' is copper.
2Cu + O2 → 2CuO
EX

11. (d) All of these

Explanation: The various reasons for tripping of MCB again and again are:
(1) Overloading
(2) Short circuit
(3) Faulty design

12. (a) dispersion takes place at first refracting surface and refraction at second
refracting surface
Explanation: Dispersion takes place only at first refracting the surface. The second
refracting surface merely refracts the colours produced after dispersion.

13.

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Explanation: No splitting of white light into seven colours is observed on passing

through a glass slab.

14. (a) Vanilla essence

Explanation: Siya will use an olfactory indicator such as vanilla essence, onion or
clove oil. The smell of an olfactory indicator depends on whether it is mixed with
an acidic or basic solution.

15. (a) The heating appliances utilise the heating effect of current.
Explanation: Advantages of heating effect of current are:
(1) The heating appliances such as electric iron, room heaters, geysers utilize the
heating effect of current.
(2) The electric fuse uses the principle of heating effect of the current and thus an
important application of heating effect of

B
current.

16. (b) (ii) only

U
Explanation: There is no dispersion in a laser ray because it is monochromatic.
Sunlight is a composite light made up of various colours. As a result, it disperses.
PH
Low wavelength violet is more off than red, which has a longer wavelength.
Dispersion is caused by the various colours' velocities as they move through the
prism.
EX

17. (c) A is true but R is false.

Explanation: In a prism suspended in air, a ray strikes the first surface and exits
through the second. Another ray will now emerge from the first surface along the
previous incident ray if it incidentally hits the second surface (or prism) along the
previous emergent ray. The reversibility of light principle is the name given to this
phenomenon.

19. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of the A.
Explanation: Tigers have a shorter small intestine as meat is easior to digest.
Deers have a longer small intestine to allow cellulose from the plants to be
digested. We know that deers are herbivorous whereas tigers are carnivorous
animals.

20. (d) A is false but R is true

Explanation: A spectrum is an organised division of coloured light rays from red to
violet, similar to the colours of the rainbow. To create a spectrum, white light or

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visible light must pass through a prism-like object. Light changes in speed as it
travels through various objects.

21. P is cranium
Q is the vertebral column.
The functions are as follows:
(1) Cranium(P): it is the bony box that protects the brain from mechanical injury.
(2) Vertebral column(Q): it protects the spinal cord and also carries the weight of
the upper body.

22. (A) Aldehydic group

(B) Candle flame is generally yellow due to the presence of unburnt carbon

B
particles. When light falls on these particles, they scatter yellow. This shows that
the combustion of hydrocarbons present in wax or candle is not complete.
U
OR
(A) The compound is ethanoic acid also called acetic acid.
PH
(B) Ethyl ethanoate (CH3COOC2H5) is formed by esterification reaction. It has a
fruity smell.

23. The image shows the position of the Sun with respect to the horizon. About
two minutes before sunrise, the Sun can be seen because, when it is just below the
EX

horizon, light from the Sun is refracted downward as it travels through the
atmosphere from less dense to more dense air. The Sun appears to be raised above
the horizon when it is actually a little below the horizon as a result of this
atmospheric refraction.
OR
The defect shown in the given figure is hypermetropia.
Such a person's glasses can be made with a convex lens of a suitable focal length to
treat long sight. The diverging light rays from the nearby object are first brought
into convergence by the convex lens when it is placed in front of the hypermetropic
eye. As a result, at a location close to the hypermetropic eye, the convex lens
creates a virtual image of the object nearby. The convex lens's image is then easily
focused on the retina by the hypermetropic eye.

24. (A) Monohybrid cross

(B) (i) Parents-(RR) and (rr)

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(ii) F1 progeny-Rr
(ii) F2 progeny-RR, Rr and rr

25. When water is added to quick lime, slaked lime. also known as calcium
hydroxide, is created.
CaO+H2O+Ca(OH)2+ heat
The solution began to boil despite not being heated because the reaction is highly
exothermic. The slaked lime suspension is allowed to cool for a while, ideally
overnight. The liquid obtained after decanting is used for white washing.

26.

B
U
PH
EX

27. Dogs have a variety of coats. Select a pure- bred male and female dog with a
black coat (hair) colour or a pure-bred male and female dog with a brown coat
(hair) colour to find dominant coat (hair) colour in dogs. Cross a
homozygous male BB with a homozygous female BB, then look at the coat colour
of the offspring (offspring). If all of the progeny are black, this indicates that in
dogs, black will be the dominant coat colour, and if the progeny has brown coats,
brown will be the dominant coat colour.

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And, if we make the Punnett square of the F1 generation, we obtain Bb, Bb, Bb,

B
Bb, ie, all progeny is black. As a result, the dominant colour is determined to be
black. U
28. A plant can be prevented from self-pollination by the process of emasculation.
Emasculation is defined as the technique in which the male parts of the flowers
PH
(stamens or anthers) are carefully removed before the flower matures, to prevent
self-pollination.
EX

29. (1) Carbon atoms are bonded by covalent

bonds and therefore they do not form ions. As they do not form free ions, they are
poor conductors of electricity.
(2) Carbon compounds have low melting and low boiling points.

30. (A) A-Seminal vesicle

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B-Prostate gland.
(B) X-Testosterone.
Testosterone controls sperm formation, expression of secondary characters and
functioning of accessory glands.
(C) C-Sperms.
D-Semen (including sperms) and urine.
OR
(A) Incorrectly labelled parts in the figure are:
(1) Male germ cell
(2) Pollen grain
(3) Pollen tube
(4) Ovule.
(B) Plumule: Formation of shoot.
Cotyledon: Storage of food.

B
Radicle: Formation of root

31. In cars and other vehicles, a convex mirror is used as the rear-view mirror
U
because it provides a wider field of vision, enabling the driver to see the majority
of the traffic behind him. Convex mirrors always form an erect, virtual, and
PH
diminished image of the objects placed in front of it. Convex mirrors always form
a virtual, erect, and diminished image of the objects placed in front of it.
(i) A convex mirror's produced image is always virtual and situated behind the
mirror.
EX

(ii) The image of the object is upright and situated at the focal point when it is far
away from the mirror.
(iii) The image formed by convex mirrors is smaller than the object but gets larger
as they approach the mirror.
OR
The formed image begins to shift from the mirror's focus toward infinity as the
object is moved from infinity toward the pole of the concave mirror.
The image is created at the focus or in the focal plane when the object is at infinity.
As the object is moved, the image first appears between the focus and the centre of
the curve, then it appears there, then it appears beyond the centre of the curve, then
it appears at infinity, and finally it appears behind the mirror.

32. (A) Because of their hygroscopic nature, which allows them to absorb moisture
from the air before dissolving.
(B) The solution will become even more acidic, is the correct response.

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(C) They undergo efflorescence. Thus, washing soda (Na2CO3.10H2O) transforms

into washing powder (Na2CO3.H2O).

33. (A) A uniform magnetic field is produced inside the coils of a solenoid, when
an electric current is passed through a solenoid. Therefore, when a ferromagnetic
material like steel is exposed to the magnetic field, it will be magnetised. So, we
can magnetise the steel bar by placing it inside the coils of a solenoid with
sufficient current passing through it.
(B) A 5A fuse cannot be used in carrying 15A current, because it will be
ineffective in controlling the amount of current flowing as it can protect up to 5A
only. If the level of current exceeds 5A, it will lead to a short circuit and can lead
to fire. Thus, the fuse will protect the electric appliances in line till 5A.
(C) Fuse is connected to a live wire and not to a neutral wire because if it is
connected to neutral wire, then even when the fuse burns out due to excessive flow

B
of current, the appliances remain connected to the live wire and current supplied
will not be disrupted and if a person touches the appliance, he will get a shock.
U
34. (A) Disease is diabetes mellitus. The disease is brought on by insufficient
insulin secretion, which prevents glucose from being absorbed by cells and from
PH
being converted into glycogen in the liver and muscles. The excess sugar in the
blood is partially excreted in the urine. A sugar- free diet will lower the level of
blood sugar. Insulin injections will assist in helping cells absorb glucose for their
metabolic needs and enable the liver and muscles to turn it into glycogen.
EX

(B) Stems show positive phototropism and bend in the direction of the light. Less
auxin is present on the illuminated side and more is present on the darker side,
which causes the movement. As a result, the darker side experiences more growth,
which makes the stem bend in the direction of the light.
OR
(A) Difference between voluntary and involuntary actions:

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B
U
PH

(B) Beating of heart, salivation in the mouth on viewing tasty food.

(C) Prior to the emergence of intelligence, reflex arcs served as a survival
EX

mechanism in animals.

35. (A) The two types of wastes are:

(1) Biodegradable wastes: These are organic wastes that can be broken down into
simpler forms by microorganisms like bacteria, fungi. These do not cause
pollution. Examples: fruits and vegetable peels, flowers, paper, wood, leftover
food, etc.
(2) Non-biodegradable wastes: These are the wastes that cannot be broken down
into simpler substances by microorganism. This type of waste is responsible for
environmental pollution. Examples: plastics, glass, metals, electronic gadgets.
(B) Importance of waste segregation:
(1) It reduces landfills and thus reduces pollution and transmission of diseases.
(2) Compost of kitchen waste serves as an excellent manure.
(3) Makes waste disposal easy.
(4) Serves as a livelihood for rag pickers as they sell segregated waste to recycle
companies.

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(C) Decomposers feed on dead plants and animals and thus act as a cleansing
agent. They are regarded as Earth’s clean-up crew. They help in recycling the
nutrients and provide space on earth by decomposing the dead, otherwise dead
organisms pile up everywhere.

36. (A) Iron lies above copper in the activity series. This means that iron or iron
knives will displace copper from copper sulphate solution. As a result of the
reaction, ferrous sulphate will be formed and the solution will be light green in
colour.
Fe + CuSO4 → FeSO4 + Cu
(B) The bronze medal is an alloy and the constituting metals are copper and tin.
The loss of lustre by the medal is due to the formation of a coating of green layer.
This layer is at basic copper carbonate.
OR

B
(A) It is true. The relative positions of these metals in the reactivity series can be
estimated. For instance, U
(i)Even with cold water, sodium reacts violently, and it easily combines with air or
oxygen.
(ii) When heated, magnesium reacts with hot water as well as with oxygen or air.
PH
(iii) Iron only reacts with steam, and it reacts slowly with air.
This demonstrates that these metals' respective positions in the activity series are:
sodium, magnesium, and iron.
(B) Zinc lies above mercury in the activity series and can easily replace it from
EX

mercuric chloride solution. Mercury formed in the reaction gets deposited on the
surface of zinc to give it a silvery look.
Zn + HgCl2 → ZnCl2+ Hg
But zinc is placed below magnesium in the activity series. Therefore, no chemical
reaction occurs between zinc and magnesium sulphate solution.

37. (A) Si Ge, As are metalloids.

The oxides of metal which react with both acids and bases to produce salt and
water are called amphoteric oxide.
Thus, Al2O, is an amphoteric oxide.
(B) Nature of "X": non-metal, chemical reaction of X' with air SO2SO2
Sulphur burns in air and forms sulphur dioxide gas. This gas when dissolving in
water forms sulphurous acid which turns most blue litmus red.
S+O2 → SO2
SO2 + H2O → H2SO3

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OR
(B) The reaction of Iron (I) oxide (Fe2O3) is highly exothermic. The amount of
heat evolved is so large that the metals are produced in the molten state. This
reaction is also known as thermite reaction. In these reactions aluminium is used as
a reducing agent as it can displace metals of lower reactivity from these
compounds.

38. (A) Corrosion is not shown by noble metals, such as gold, platinum.
(B) Noble metals like gold and platinum do not corrode easily.
(C) The process of slow conversion of metals into their undesirable compounds
(sulphides. carbonates, oxides, etc) by interaction with atmospheric gases and
moisture is known as corrosion. It is an oxidation reaction.
OR
(C) Corrosion is enhanced by dents on metallic surfaces because water is

B
accumulated on dents, scratches and bends etc.
Chemically rust is hydrated ferric oxide or hydrated iron (II) oxide (Fe 2O3.2H2O)
U
39. (A) The waste material is removed from the body via the anus. The exit of
waste material from anus is regulated by anal sphincter.
PH
(B) Basic toothpaste should be used by Rohit for clearing the teeth. This toothpaste
neutralises the excess acid produced by bacteria and prevents toothpaste decay. (C)
Salivary glands not only secrete saliva but also salivary amylase which converts
starch into sugar. Hydrochloric acid is present in the stomach which is secreted by
EX

gastric glands.
OR
(C) The correct order of steps is
(i)Ingestion-Intake of food.
(ii) Break down complex material into simpler materials.
(iii) Absorption Movement of digested food for absorption.
(iv) Assimilation-Utilisation of food.
(V) Egestion-Removal of undigested food material

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139 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Sample paper 6
Class X (2022 - 2023)

General Instructions:
1. This question paper consists of 39 questions in 5 sections.
2. All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in some questions.
A student is expected to attempt only one of these questions.
3. Section A consists of 20 Objective Type questions carrying 1 mark each.

4. Section B consists of 6 Very Short questions carrying 02 marks each. Answers to these
questions should be in the range of 30 to 50 words.
5. Section C consists of 7 Short Answer type questions carrying 03 marks each. Answers to

B
these questions should be in the range of 50 to 80 words.
6. Section D consists of 3 Long Answer type questions carrying 05 marks each. Answers to
these questions should be in the range of 80 to 120 words.
U
7. Section E consists of 3 source-based/case-based units of assessment of 04 marks each
PH
with sub-parts.
EX

Section-A
(Select and write one most appropriate option out of the
four options given for each question 1-20).

1.A current carrying conductor is held as:

In which direction should current be passed in the conductor in order to produce

a clockwise magnetic field around the conductor?
a. North to South
b. South to North

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140 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

c. East to West
d. West to East

2.What is the focal length of a plane mirror?

a. Infinity
b. zero
c. 1
d. +1

3.What is the difference in the molecular mass of any two adjacent

homologues?

B
a. 14 amu U
b. 15 amu
c. 16 amu
PH
d. 17 amu

4.Iqbal was confused and did not know how to draw the correct figure for
geotropism. So, he has drawn three figures, as shown below.
EX

Which appears more accurate and why?

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141 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

a. I , II
b. I only
c. II, III
d. II only

5.Why do we store silver chloride in dark coloured bottles?

a. To prevent precipitation of silver chloride
b. To prevent decomposition of silver chloride
c. To promote decomposition of silver chloride
d. All of these

B
6.What is the minimum resistance which can be made using the following
resistors?
U
PH

a. 1 ohm
b. 2 ohm
EX

c. 4 ohm
d. 3 ohm

7.Which of the following is not the role of decomposers in the ecosystem?

a. They clean the environment
b. They decompose non-biodegradable
c. They participate in food chain
d. They replenish the nutrients in the soil

8.The voltage-current (V-I) graph of a metallic conductor at two different

temperatures T1 and T2 is shown:

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142 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

At which temperature is the resistance higher?

a. T2
b. T1
c. Equal at both T1 and T2
d. Can not say

9.The force experienced by a wire of length l carrying a current in a magnetic

field B is given by force on a current carrying wire: F = BIL sin θ

B
U
PH
What will be the magnitude of the force on the current carrying conductor if the
flow of electric current is parallel to the magnetic field?
a. Zero
EX

b. Infinity
c. Maximum
d. Half of the original value

10.As per Michael Faraday, the forefinger, middle finger and thumb indicate the
direction of
a. magnetic field, force and current respectively
b. magnetic field, current and force respectively
c. current, force and magnetic field respectively
d. force, magnetic field and current respectively

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143 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

11.In a study it was found that fused earlobes were found in more numbers
within a population rather than free earlobes. What can you infer from the
above observation with respect to dominant / recessive traits?
a. Fused earlobes - dominant
b. Free earlobes - dominant
c. Fused earlobes - recessive
d. Both are dominant

12.The graph below shows the variation of force acting on a conductor with
current:

B
U
PH

a. The force acting on a conductor increases exponentially with increase in

current.
b. The force acting on a conductor decreases exponentially with increase in
EX

current.
c. The force acting on a conductor increases linearly with increase in current.
d. The force acting on a conductor decreases exponentially with increase in
current.

13.Manish's mother was baking cake in the kitchen. When Manish came back
from school he detected the smell of hot cake from the drawing room. Why?
a. Due to the presence of olfactory receptors in forebrain
b. Due to the presence of taste buds
c. Due to the presence of olfactory receptors in the midbrain
d. Due to the presence of olfactory receptors in the hindbrain

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144 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

14.Which of the following a balanced equation for the following chemical

reaction:

a. Zn + Ag (NO3)2 → Zn (NO3)2 + 2Ag

b. 2 Zn + 2AgNO3 → Zn (NO3)2 + 2Ag
c. Zn + 2AgNO3 → Zn (NO3)2 + 2Ag
d. Zn + AgNO3 → Zn (NO3)2 + Ag

B
15.An electron enters a magnetic field at right angles to it as shown in fig. The
direction of the force acting on the electron will be:
U
PH
EX

a. to the right
b. to the left
c. out of the page
d. into the page

16. Which of the following will turn phenolphthalein pink?

a. NaOH(aq)
b. HCl(aq)
c. CH3COOH(aq)
d. H2O

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145 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

For question 17-20, two statements are given-one labelled Assertion (A) and
the other labelled Reason (R) . Select the correct answer to these questions
form the codes (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) as given below:
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of the assertion.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.

17.Assertion (A): The opening and closing of the pore is a function of the guard
cells.
Reason (R): Stomatal pores are the site for exchange of gases by diffusion.

B
18.Assertion (A): The effect of root pressure in transport of water is more
important during daytime.
U
Reason (R): Transpiration pull is the major driving force in movement of water
PH
during the day.

19.Assertion (A): Non-biodegradable substances are those substances which

cannot be broken down into simpler harmless substances.
EX

Reason (R): Non-biodegradable substances can cause air pollution and make the
air poisonous when burnt.

20.Assertion (A): In a series circuit, the current is constant throughout the

electric circuit.
Reason (R): All electric devices need equal currents to operate properly.

Section-B
(Q.no. 21 to 26 are very short answer type questions)

21.Why is the sun visible to us 2 minutes before actual sunrise and 2 minutes
after actual sunset?

22.Observe the given figure:

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146 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

What happens when the tube is heated?

(A) Write a balanced chemical equation of the reaction.
(B) Identify the brown gas X evolved.

23.Why does carbon become stable after sharing four electrons? What type of
bond is formed by sharing?
OR
Why are covalent compounds poor conductors of electricity? Why do covalent
compounds have low melting and boiling points?

24.What are the differences between the transport of materials in xylem and
phloem?

B
25.(A) What is the unit of current? Express it in terms of charge and time.
U
(B) The following table gives the value of resistivity of some materials:
PH
EX

Which material would you suggest to be used in electric heating devices? Give
reason for your choice.
OR
(A) On what factors does the resistance of a conductor depend?
(B) Calculate the resistance of an aluminium cable of length 10 km and
diameter 2.0 mm if the resistivity of aluminium is 2.7 x 10 ohm m.

26.Neha did not want to have a child. So she went to a doctor who suggested
she adopt contraceptive methods. What are the reasons for adopting
contraceptive methods?

Section-C
(Q.no. 27 to 33 are short answer type questions)

27.Can two people with brown eyes have a blue eyed baby? Explain.

28.Mention any three information given by a chemical equation.

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OR
State the law of conservation of mass as applicable in a chemical reaction.
Illustrate with an example.

29.Give reasons for the following:

(A) ionic compounds have high melting and boiling point
(B) ionic compounds conduct electricity in molten state
(C) ionic compounds are solid at room temperature and are somewhat hard.

30.(A) Describe how a squirrel uses its hormonal system to react to a dangerous
situation.
(B) How do sensory and motor neurons differ from one another?

31.(A) Determine whether the P and Q-marked poles in the following diagram
represent the North or South pole. Why did you choose that response?

B
U
PH
(B) Imagine that you are sitting in a chamber with your back to one wall. An
electron beam, moving horizontally from the back wall towards the front wall,
is deflected by a strong magnetic field to your right side. What is the direction
of the magnetic field?
EX

OR

State the rule to determine the direction of a (A) magnetic field produced around
straight conductor-carrying current and (B) force experienced by a current-
carrying straight conductor placed in a magnetic field which is perpendicular to
it.

32.Sahil took five solutions A, B, C, D and E

and tested with universal indicator showed
PH as 4, 1, 11, 7 and 9 respectively. Which
solution is:
(A) Neutral
(B) Strongly alkaline
(C) Strongly acidic
(D) Weakly acidic
(E) Weakly alkaline?

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148 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Arrange the PH in increasing order of hydrogen ion concentration.

33.(A) What is an ecosystem? List its two main components.

(B) 'The number of trophic levels in a food chain is limited'. Justify the
statement.

Section-D
(Q.no. 34 to 36 are Long answer type questions)

34.A student wants to project the image of a candle flame on a screen 60 cm in

front of a mirror by keeping the candle flame at a distance of 15 cm from its
pole.

(A) Which type of mirror should the student use?

B
(B) Find the magnification of the image produced.
(C) Find the distance between the object and its image.
U
(D) Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation in this case and mark the
distance between the object and its image.
OR
PH

(A) Name the lens which can be used as a magnifying glass. For which position
of
the object a convex lens form:
EX

(i) a real and inverted image of the same size as that of the object?
(ii) a virtual and erect image?

Draw a ray diagram to justify your answer in each case.

(B) One half of a convex lens is covered with a black paper. Will this lens
produce a complete image of the object? Draw ray diagram to justify your
answer.

35.Name three different glands associated with the structures labelled in

digestive system as shown in figure. Also write their secretions and their
functions.

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OR
(A) Define excretion.
(B) Name the basic filtration unit present in the kidney.
(C) Draw excretory system in human beings and label the following organs of
excretory system which perform following functions:

(i) form urine.

B
(ii) is a long tube which collects urine from the kidney.
(iii) store urine until it is passed out.
U
36.(A) An organic compound X with a molecular formula C undergoes
PH
oxidation in presence of alkaline KMno4 to form a compound Y. X on heating
in presence of conc. H2SO, at443 K gives Z, which in reaction gives back 'X'.
Identify X, Y and Z and write the reactions involved.
EX

(B) With hard water, "A" compound functions well. The production of
shampoos and other cleaning products use it. A causes water pollution and isn't
entirely biodegradable. Hard water makes 'B' less effective. There is no water
pollution because it is 100 percent biodegradable. Identify 'A' and 'B'.

(C) A cyclic compound 'X' has a molecular formula. It is unsaturated and burns
with sooty flame. Identify 'X' and write its structural formula. Will it
decolourize bromine water or not and why?

(D) An organic compound 'A' is a constituent of antifreeze and has the

molecular formula C2HO. Upon reaction with alkaline KMNO4 the compound
'A' is oxidised to another 'B' identifying the compound 'A' and 'B'. Write the
chemical equation for the reaction which leads to the formulation of 'B'.

Section-E
(Q.no. 37 to 39 are Case based questions with 2 to 3 short sub-parts.
Internal choice is provided in one of these sub-parts.)

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150 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

37.Dispersion of light occurs when white light is separated into its different
constituent colors because of refraction and Snell's law. From Snell's law it can
be seen that the angle of refraction of light in a prism depends on the refractive
index of the prism material.

B
U
PH
Since the refractive index varies with wavelength, the angle that the light is
refracted by will also vary with wavelength, causing an angular separation of
the colors known as angular dispersion.

For visible light, refraction indices n of most transparent materials (e.g., air,
EX

glasses) decrease with increasing wavelength λ

Most often seen in recently made puddles on the sides of roads, the oil refracts
light much the same way a rainbow does. Simply put the thin layer of oil
floating on top of the water refracts the light which then bounces
back up off the water underneath, splitting the light rays creating a pool of
rainbow colours.
(A) Which ray is least deviated by a prism?
(B) Which colour of light has the minimum velocity in the glass prism ?
(C) Which optical phenomenon is involved in the formation of the rainbow?
OR

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151 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

(C) What is the angle of deviation of a prism?

38.Bacteria follow an asexual mode of reproduction, called binary fission. A

single the bacterium divides into two daughter cells. These are identical to the
parent cell as well as to each other. Replication of DNA within parent bacterium
marks the beginning of the fission. Eventually, cell elongates to form two
daughter cells. The diagram shows the process of binary fission in bacteria.

B
U
PH
The rate and timing of reproduction depend upon the conditions like
temperature and availability of nutrients. When there is a favourable condition,
E. coli or Escherichia coli produces about 2 million bacteria every 7 hours.
EX

(A) (i) What is the process of the division of a cell into several cells during
reproduction in Plasmodium?
(ii) Planaria worm is cut horizontally in the middle into two halves P and whole
head of the worm. Another Planaria worm is cut vertically into two halves R
and S in such a way that both the cut pieces R and S contain half head each.
Which of the cut pieces of the two Planaria worms could regenerate to form
the complete respective worms?
(B) The rapid spreading of bread on slices of bread is due to spore formation.
Explain spore formation.
OR
(B) Suppose a bacterium reproduces by binary fission every 20 minutes. The
new cells survive and reproduce at the same rate. The graph below shows how
the bacterial population would grow from a single bacterium.

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What do you conclude?

39.Compounds containing oxygen are of great interest in the field of chemistry.

B
Because of oxygen's high reactivity. It is most often found in compounds.
Oxygen reacts rapidly with group 1 elements. All alkali metal oxides form basic
U
solutions when dissolved in water. The principal combustion product is the most
stable product with respect to the reactants. For example, with careful control of
PH
oxygen. the oxide M20 (where M represents an alkali metal) can be formed with
any of the alkali metals.

When a metal reacts with oxygen to form a metal oxide, a redox reaction
occurs.
EX

Metal + Oxygen -> Metal oxide

Different metals burn in oxygen with different rates depending on their differing
activeness. The more reactive metal towards oxygen, the brighter and faster the
combustion of the metal.
Given figure below shows the experiment conducted to build the reactivity
series of metals. Oxygen that is used in combustion of other metals is provided
by heating solid potassium manganate (VII). When heated, lithium, sodium,
potassium, rubidium, and cesium ignite through combustion reactions with
oxygen.

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153 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

(A) Which metals do not react with oxygen even at high temperature?
(B) What happens when copper metal is heated in air?
(C) Almost all metals combine with oxygen to form metal oxides. Is this
statement true?
OR
Which metal oxides are soluble in water? Explain.

Solutions for Sample Paper 6

Class X (2022 - 2023)

1. (a) North to South

Explanation: The direction of current in the conductor should be from top to
bottom le. from North to South direction.

B
It is given that the current-carrying conductor is held in exactly vertical direction.
In order to produce a clockwise magnetic field around the conductor, the current
U
should be passed in the conductor from top to bottom. It is concluded by applying
the right-hand thumb rule.
PH

2. (a) Infinity
Explanation: The focal length of a plane mirror is infinity. The focal length of a
plane mirror is infinite as the image can be formed at an infinite distance inside the
EX

mirror. This is due to the parallel rays after reflection through a plane mirror meet
again at infinity

3. (a) 14 amu
Explanation: Two successive homologues would differ by one carbon atom and
two hydrogen atoms in terms of atoms in their molecules and thus differ by 14 amu
in terms of molecular mass

4. (b) (i) only

Explanation: Figure (i) is more appropriate because in a plant, shoots grow upward
because they are negatively geotropic, and roots grow downward because they are
positively geotropic.

5. (b) To prevent decomposition of silver chloride

Explanation: We store silver chloride in dark

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coloured bottles to prevent the decomposition of silver chloride into silver and
chlorine gas in the presence of sunlight.
The decomposition of silver chloride to form silver and chlorine gas in the
presence of sunlight is given by the equation:

6. (a) 1Ω
Explanation: The minimum resistance can be obtained by connecting resistances in
parallel. When four resistors each of resistance 4 Ohms are connected in parallel,
we get

B
U
7. (b) They decompose non-biodegradable substances.
PH
Explanation: Decomposers are microorganisms which break down complex
organic substances into simple inorganic substances. They are very important in
the ecosystem as
(1) They decompose biodegradable substances into useful substances like manure.
Theythus clean the environment.
EX

(2) Decomposed substances go back to the soil and can be used by the plants again.
Thus, decomposers participate in the food cycle by replenishing the nutrients of the
soil

8. (a) T2
Explanation Resistance is the slope of the VI graph. The slope of graph at T2>
slope of graph at T. Therefore, resistance is higher at T2.

9. (a) Zero
Explanation: The force acting on the current carrying conductor will be zero if the
current and the magnetic field are parallel to each other.

10. (b) magnetic field current and force respectively

Explanation: The direction of force experienced by a current carrying conductor
placed in a magnetic field is given by Fleming's left hand rule which states that

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"Stretch the forefinger. the central finger and the thumb of your left hand mutually
perpendicular to each other. If
the forefinger shows the direction of the field
and the central finger of the current, then the thumb will point towards the
direction of motion of the conductor, ie, force".

11. (a) Fused earlobes-dominant

Explanation: it can be inferred from the observation that fused earlobes is a
dominant trait whereas free earlobes is a
recessive trait.

12. (c) The force acting on a conductor increases linearly with increase in current
Explanation: The graph between the force and current is a straight line which
shows that force varies linearly with current.

B
13. (a) Due to the presence of olfactory receptors in forebrain
Explanation: Our nose contains olfactory receptors that can recognise the aroma of
U
hot food. The olfactory lobes of the forebrain receive this information via nerve
impulse and interpret it.
PH

14. (c) Zn + 2AgNO3 → Zn(NO3)2 + 2 Ag

Explanation: The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
Zinc+ Silver nitrate → Zinc nitrate + Silver
EX

Zn+2AgNO3 → Zn(NO3)2+2Ag

15. (d) into the page

Explanation: The direction of force is perpendicular to the direction of the
magnetic field and the current as given by Fleming's left hand rule.

16. (a) NaOH

Explanation: Phenolphthalein solution is a colourless indicator which gives pink
colour in basic solution. Phenolphthalein solution remains colourless in acidic
solution as well as in neutral solution.

17. (b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
Explanation: Both statements are correct but the given reason does not explain how
guard cells open and close stomatal pores. Each stomatal pore is surrounded by a
pair of guard cells. When water flows into the guard cells, they swell and cause the

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pore to open. Similarly when the guard cells lose water, they shrink and the
stomatal pore closes.

18. (d) A is false but R is true

Explanation: The effect of root pressure in transport of water is more important
during night time as during the day when stomata are open, the transpiration pull
becomes the major driving force in the transport of water in the xylem.

19. (b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Non-biodegradable substances are the substances that cannot be
broken down into simpler substances by biological processes. They persist in the
environment for a long time and may cause harm to the various members of the
ecosystem. Non-biodegradable substances like plastic can cause air pollution when
they are burnt.

B
20. (c) A is true but R is false
Explanation: Current is constant in a series circuit as there is only one path for flow
U
of current but different devices connected in a circuit have different power ratings
and therefore draw different amounts of currents.
PH

21. We are able to see the sun 2 minutes before actual sunrise and 2 minutes after
actual sunset because sun rays undergo atmospheric refraction as they travel from
an optically rarer medium to an optically denser medium when they enter the
EX

earth's atmosphere due to which they are refracted downwards and hence appear to
be above the horizon.

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157 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

22. (A) Balanced equation for the reaction taking place on heating copper (1)
nitrate in a boiling tube is given below:

(B) The brown gas X evolved is nitrogen dioxide gas (NO2).

23. The atomic number of carbon is 6 and its electronic configuration is 2, 4. It is

tetravalent as it has 4 valence electrons. It can neither gain nor lose 4 electrons to
acquire the nearest noble gas configuration. Only way is to share the four valence
electrons with the electrons of other atoms. The type of bond formed by sharing of

B
electrons is covalent bond.
OR U
Covalent compounds are poor conductors of electricity as they do not have charged
particles since the electrons are shared between atoms.
Covalent compounds have low melting and boiling points as they have weak
PH
intermolecular forces due to which little energy is required in changing state by
overcoming the force of attraction.

24.
EX

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25. (A) The SI unit of current is Ampere. Current (I) can be expressed in terms of
the charge (Q) flowing in time (t) as: I = Q/t

(B) As materials used in electric heating devices are generally made up of alloys
hoving resistivity in the range of 10-8 Ohm m to 10-6 Ohm-m, material A will be
used for electric heating devices as it's resistivity is more than that of C, which is a
metal since its resistivity is very low. B and D are insulators as they have very high

B
resistivity
OR U
(A) Resistance of a conductor depends on the following factors
(1) Length of the conductor
(2) Area of cross section of the conductor
PH
(3) Nature of material of the conductor
(4) Temperature of the conductor

(B)
EX

26. Contraceptive methods are mainly adopted:

(1) To avoid unwanted pregnancies.
(2) To keep the population of a country under control
(3) To limit the number of children a couple wants to have.
(4) To maintain an adequate gap between two consecutive children.

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(5) To prevent the transmission of sexually transmitted disease

27. Two people with brown eyes can have a blue eyed baby but the chances are
only 25% provided both the parents are heterozygous (Bb). Brown eye colour (b) is
recessive.

Genetic ratio: 1:2:1

Phenotypic ratio: 3:1

B
The child who inherits ‘B’ chromosome even from one parent will have brown
eyes the child who inherits ‘b’ chromosomes from both the parents will have blue
U
eyes. The chances of Brown eyed parents to have 2 eyed babies is only 25%.
PH
28. A balanced chemical equation tells
(1) The number of atoms and molecules of reactants and products involved
(2) The chemical formula of reactants and products involved
(3) The catalyst involved in the reaction, if any.
OR
EX

The law of conservation of mass states that matter can neither be created nor
destroyed in a chemical reaction the mass of the products in a chemical reaction is
equal to the mass of the reaction reactants.
Example to illustrate the law of conservation of mass:
In the reaction: CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
the molecular mass of CaCO3 = 1 x 40 + 1 x 12 + 3 x16 = 100 u
Molecular mass of CO2 = 1 x 40 + 1 x 16 = 56u and
Molecular mass of CO2 = 1 x 12 + 2 x 16 = 44u
Mass of the reactant = 100u
Mass of the product = 56u + 44u = 100u.

As the mass of the reactant is equal to the mass of the product, the law of
conservation of mass is verified.

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160 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

29. (A) ionic compounds have high boiling and melting points due to the presence
of strong bonds between cations and anions. To break or overcome these strong
forces of attraction, a large amount of energy is required.

(B) ionic compounds conduct electricity in a molten state. Conductivity depends on

the presence of a number of free ions. Solid ionic compounds cannot conduct
electricity because of the absence of ions (electrons) in the crystal structure. When
the ionic compound is present in molten state,crystal structure deforms and they
can easily conduct electricity with the free ions.

(C) ionic compounds are solid at room temperature and are somewhat hard Due to
the presence of strong force of attraction between the positive and negative ions a
solid ionic compound formed becomes hard and solid at room temperature

B
30. (A) The hormone adrenaline is released into a squirrel's blood when it detects
danger, increasing heart rate and blood flow to tissues. As a result, its cells and
tissues receive energy more quickly, allowing it to flee dangerous situations.
U
(B) Sensory neurons transmit impulses to the central nervous system after
receiving information from receptors. In order for a muscle, gland, or organ to
PH
respond, motor neurons carry messages from the control nervous system to those
tissues.

31. (A) Both P and Q are North poles. Magnetic field lines emerge from the North
EX

pole.
(B) Movement of electron beam from back
wall to front wall is equivalent to the flow of electric current from the front wall to
the back wall. Now the deflection of the beam towards the right means direction of
force is towards the right side. According to Fleming's left hand rule, the magnetic
field inside the chamber is in downward direction is perpendicular to the plane of
the paper and directed inwards
OR
(A) The rule to determine the direction of magnetic field produced around a
straight conductor coming current is Right hand thumb rule which states that that if
one holds a straight current carrying conductor with right hand such that the thumb
points towards the direction of current, then fingers will wrap around the conductor
in the direction of field lines of the magnetic field.

(B) The rule to determine the direction of force experienced by a current- carrying
straight conductor placed in a carrying straight conductor placed in a magnetic

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field which is perpendicular to it's Fleming's Left Hand Rule, which states that if
the first finger points in the direction of magnetic field and second finger in the
direction of current, then the thumb will point in the direction of motion or the
force acting on the conductor.

32. Given pH for the solutions are

A = 4, B = 1, C = 11, D = 7, E = 9
Hydrogen ions concentration increases with decrease in pH value and thus strength
of acid increases with decrease in pH value from 7 to 0.

On the other hand, hydroxide ion's concentration decreases with increase in pH

value and thus strength of bases increases with increase in pH value from 7 to 14.
While the neutral solution has pH value = 7.
Therefore,

B
(A) Solution D is neutral, having a pH value equal to 7.
(B) Solution C is strongly alkaline as its pH value is equal to 11
(C) Solution B is strongly acidic as its pH value is equal to 1
(C) Solution A is weakly acidic as its pH
U
value is equal to 4
PH
(E) Solution E is weakly alkaline as its pH value is equal to 9
Hence arrangement of given pH value in increasing order of hydrogen ion
concentration:
C(11) <E(9) <D(7) < A (4) < B(1)
EX

33. (A) Ecosystem It is the structural and functional unit of the biosphere. It is a
self- sustaining system where energy and matter are exchanged between living and
nonliving components. The main components of the ecosystem are biotic and
abiotic components. Biotic components comprise living organisms plants, animals,
human beings and micro- organisms. Abiotic components comprise of non-living
port of the environment air, water, soil, minerals, sunlight etc.
(B) When green plants are eaten by primary consumers, a great deal of energy is
lost as heat to the environment. Some amount goes into digestion and in doing
work and the rest goes towards growth and reproduction Only 10 percent of the
energy received by them is converted into their body mass which is available for
the organisms of the next trophic levels The longer the food chain, the less is the
The longer the food chain, the less is the energy available to the final members of
the food chain and that energy will be insufficient for their survival

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162 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

34. (A) The student should use a concave mirror, as it forms a real image on the
same side of the mirror.
(1) Object distance, u = -15 cm
Image distance, v=-60 cm
Magnification, m = -(v/u) = -4
(C) Distance of image from the object =v-u = -60-(-15) = -60+15= -45
The image is formed at a distance of 45 cm from the object
(D) By applying a mirror formula.

B
Object will be between F and C and the image will be formed beyond C (centre of
U
curvature). Image will be 4 times magnified real and inverted.
PH
EX

OR
(A) Convex lens can be used as a magnifying glass,
Position of the object:
(i)When an object is placed at the centre of curvature a real inverted and equal size
image is obtained.

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(ii) When an object is placed between the focus and optical centre of a convex lens
virtual and erect image of the object is formed.

B
(B) Even when one half of the convex lens is covered with a black paper, the
complete image of the object will be formed. When the upper half of the land is
U
covered in this situation, rays of light coming from the object will be refracted by
the lower half of the lens. These rays meet at the other side of the lens to form the
image of the given object, as shown in the following figure. When the lower half of
PH
the lane is covered In this situation, rays of light coming from the object will be
refracted by the upper half of the lens. These rays meet at the other side of the lens
to form the image of the given object, as shown in the following figure. We will
get a sharp image but the brightness of the image will be less now.
EX

35. The different glands, their secretions and functions associated with the human
digestive system or tabulated below:

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OR
(A) Excretion is defined as the biological process of removal of harmful
nitrogenous wastes like urea and uric acid from our body which are produced as by
products of the various metabolic processes taking place in our body.
(B) The basic filtration unit present in the kidney is the nephron
(C) The human excretory system is drawn hare:

B
U
PH
EX

The organs performing the following functions have been labelled in the diagram.
(i) from urine: kidneys
(ii) is a long tube which collects urine from kidney: ureter
(iii) Store urine until it is passed out: urinary bladder.

36.

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37. (A) Red roy is least deviated by a prism so the refractive index of glass is least
for red.

B
(B) Violet has the least wavelength among the colours of the visible spectrum. It
has the minimum velocity
(C) Formation of the rainbow is due to dispersion of sunlight by the tiny droplets
U
of water present in the atmosphere. Twinkling of stars and early sunrise are due to
atmospheric refraction
PH
OR
(C) The angle between the emergent roy and the incident roy is known as the angle
of deviation of a prism as shown in the following figure:
EX

38. (A) Plasmodium reproduces by multiple fashion whereby a single cell divides
into a large number of cells.
(ii) P, Q, R and S

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Each piece or fragment of Planaria grows into new individual by the method of
regeneration It is carried out by specialised cells
(B)Spore formation is a common method of asexual reproduction. The hyphae
develop sporangia. The nucleus of each sporangium divides several times. Each
nucleus gets surrounded by a bit of cytoplasm and develops into spores. Upon
maturation, the sporangium ruptures and spores disperse to grow on to new
substratum
OR
(B) The growth of the bacterial population increases exponentially with time.
The variation of time and number of bacterial cells is not linear, as the graph is not
a straight line. The growth pattern is an exponential increase in the number of
bacterial cells with time.

39. (A) Metals such as silver and gold do not react with oxygen even at high

B
Temperatures as they are relatively inert.
(B) Copper does not bum but is coated with black coloured copper oxide.
When heated, copper does not burn, but the hot copper metal is coated with a black
coloured layer of copper (II) oxide.
U
2Cu+O3→2CuO
PH
(C) Almost all metals combine with oxygen to form metal oxides.
Metal + Oxygen →Metal oxide
Some metal Oxides, such as sodium oxide and potassium oxide, dissolve in water
to form alkalis.
EX

Moreover, some metal oxides, such as aluminium oxide and zinc oxide, show both
acidic and basic nature and are known as amphoteric oxides.
OR
(C)The metal oxides sodium oxide and potassium oxide dissolve in water to form
alkalis as follows:
Na2O + H2O → 2NaOH
K2O + H2O → 2KOH

Sample paper 7

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167 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Class X (2022 - 2023)

General Instructions:
1. This question paper consists of 39 questions in 5 sections.
2. All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in some questions.
A student is expected to attempt only one of these questions.
3. Section A consists of 20 Objective Type questions carrying 1 mark each.

4. Section B consists of 6 Very Short questions carrying 02 marks each. Answers to these
questions should be in the range of 30 to 50 words.
5. Section C consists of 7 Short Answer type questions carrying 03 marks each. Answers to
these questions should be in the range of 50 to 80 words.
6. Section D consists of 3 Long Answer type questions carrying 05 marks each. Answers to

B
these questions should be in the range of 80 to 120 words.
7. Section E consists of 3 source-based/case-based units of assessment of 04 marks each
with sub-parts.
U
PH

Section-A
(Select and write one most appropriate option out of the
four options given for each question 1-20).
EX

1.A man stands in front of a large plane mirror as shown in the figure. How far
must he walk before he is 5 m away from his image?

a. 7.5 m
b. 8.5 m
c. 7.5 cm
d. 7 m

2.How does the metallic character vary across the period?

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a. Increases
b. Decreases
c. Remains same
d. First decreases then increases

3.A yellow powder X gives a pungent smell if left open in air. It is prepared by
the
reaction of dry compound Y with chlorine gas. It is used for disinfecting
drinking water. Identify X and Y.
a. X – Ca(OH)2 Y - CaO
b. X – CaOCl2 Y - Ca(OH)2
c. X - Ca(OH)2 Y – CaOCl2
d. X - Ca(OH)2 Y – Ca(OCl)2

4.The ray diagram below for the ray of light incident on a concave mirror as
shown in figure.

B
U
PH
Which of the following represents the complete ray diagram?
a.
EX

b.

c.

d. All of these

5.Identify the method in which glucose is oxidised to provide energy in various

organisms.

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a. Anaerobic respiration
b. Fermentation
c. Aerobic respiration
d. All of these

6.How is the opening and closing of stomatal pore regulated in plants?

a. It is a function of guard cells
b. It is a function of cytoplasm
c. It is a function of chloroplast
d. It depends on the sunlight

7.Electrical resistivity of a material is defined as the electrical resistance of a

conductor having

B
U
8.Identify A and B:
PH
EX

a. A – CH3CHO , B – CH3COOH
b. A - CH3COOH, B - CH3CHO
c. A - CH3CHO, B – CO2 + H2O
d. A - CH3COOH, B – C02 + H2O

9.Observe the figure given below:

Why does the lime water turn milky?

a. CO2 is released

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b. CO2 is consumed
c. H2 is released
d. H2 is consumed

10.A light ray striking a glass prism is depicted in the figure.

The image has labels indicating the different angles. Which angle, in turn,
displays the angles of incidence and refraction?
a. A and D
b. B and E
c. C and F

B
d. D and F
U
11.Many people in a village had growing swollen necks, which was a problem
for the hilly area's inhabitants.
PH
EX

A doctor came to the village, carefully listened to the residents' problems, and
gave them the advice to substitute iodized salt for regular salt in their food. The
issue was largely resolved within a few months. What was the cause of the
swollen neck of people in the village?
a. Efficiency of parathyroid hormone
b. Deficiency of thyroxine hormone
c. Increased concentration of thyroxine hormone
d. Deficiency of parathyroid hormone

12.What kind of substances are introduced in the food chain by biological

magnification?
a. Harmful
b. Non-toxic
c. Harmless
d. Harmful and toxic

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13.An old person complained of acute pain in stomach. Doctor gave a medicine
as shown in the following image and he got the appropriate option given below
immediate relief.

Which of the following statements is correct?

a. Antacid is basic in nature.
b. Antacid neutralises acid in the stomach.
c. Both (a) and (b)
d. Antacid is acidic in nature.

14.Study the VI graph of two resistors R1 and R2 and given below and answer

B
the questions below: U
PH

After studying the graph, a student writes the following statements:

EX

(I) Resistance of a conductor is the slope of the VI graph.

(II) Resistance of a conductor does not depend on the slope of the VI graph.
(III) R1>R2, as the slope of the VI graph is greater for R1.
(IV) R2>R1, as the slope of the VI graph is greater for R2.

Choose from the following which of the following would be the correct
statement(s).
a. Only (I)
b. Only (II)
c. Both (II) and (III)
d. Both (I) and (IV)

15.A student connected a simple circuit for verifying Ohm's law.

(I) Reading of an ammeter connected in the circuit becomes half when

resistance is doubled.

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(II)Reading of one ammeter connected in the circuit becomes double when

resistance is halved.
(III) Reading of an ammeter connected in the circuit becomes half when voltage
is doubled.
(IV) Reading of an ammeter connected in the circuit becomes half when voltage
is halved.

Select the Incorrect statement:

a. Only (I)
b. Only (II)
c. Only (III)
d. Both (II) and (III)

16.An unknown resistor has 5 ma current flowing through it when 10 volts are

B
applied to it. For the same resistor, the application of 20 volts will result in the
current flow of U
a. 2 mA
b. 5 mA
c. 10 mA
PH
d. 50 mA

Direction for questions 17 to 20: In Question number 17 to 20, a statement of

EX

Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct

option:

(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R)are true and reason (R) is the correct
explanation of assertion (A)
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R)are true but reason (R) is not the
correct explanation of assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false .
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

17.Assertion (A): New combinations of traits are observed in F2 offspring when

tall plants with round seeds are crossed with short plants with wrinkled seeds.
Reason (R): Tallness and round seed are both dominant traits

18.Assertion (A): Adrenaline hormone secreted by adrenal gland

is called an emergency hormone.

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173 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Reason (R): Adrenaline hormone is secreted in response to fear, anger, joy, cold
and emotional stress.

19.Assertion (A): If the length of the conductor is doubled, the area of cross-
section becomes half.
Reason (R): The resistor ice will be doubled and become half.

20.Assertion (A): Food chain is a part of the food web.

Reason (R): Food chain helps stabilising the populations of endangered species

Section-B
(Q.no. 21 to 26 are very short answer type questions)

21.What are the methods used by plants to get rid of excretory products?
OR

B
Major amount of water is selectively reabsorbed by the tubular part of nephron
in humans. What are the factors on which the amount of water reabsorbed
depends?
U
22. A concave mirror produces a three times magnified (enlarged) real image of
PH
an object placed at 10 cm in front of it. Where is the image located?

23.Answer the following:

(A) Show the formation of Na2O and MgO by the transfer of electrons.
(B) What are the ions present in these compounds?
EX

24.Two resistors with resistance 5 ohm and 10 Ohm respectively are to be

connected
to a battery of 6 V so as to obtain:
(A) Minimum current flowing
(B) Maximum current flowing
(i) How will you connect the resistors in each case?
(ii) Calculate the strength of total current in the circuit in the two cases.
OR
A piece of wire of resistance 20 Ohms is drawn out so that its length is
increased to twice of its original length. Calculate the resistance of the wire in
the new situation.

25.Compare the following structures marked as 'A' and 'B' as shown in figure
with respect to their structure.

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B
26.What are covalent bonds? Write the type of bond present in N2 molecule.
U
Section-C
PH
(Q.no. 27 to 33 are short answer type questions)

27.Translate the following statements into chemical equations and balance

them(if needed):
EX

28.Ozone therapy is a controversial alternative medical practice that uses ozone

gas to fight disease. Aditya asked his mother whether this ozone therapy is legal
to be used. His mother explained that in 2019, the Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) warned against using this therapy because there is not

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enough evidence to conclude that it is safe for medical use. They say that it has
no known useful application in supportive or preventive medicine. It is a toxic
and harmful air pollution on ground level.

Why is damage to the ozone layer a cause for concern? What steps are being
taken to limit this damage?

29.Explain how DNA copying is an essential part of the process of

reproduction? What are the advantages of sexual reproduction over asexual
reproduction?
OR
Answer the following:
(A) How will you differentiate between pollination and fertilization?
(B) Neha's doctor suggested she use copper-T as she does not want to have a
child. If she is using a copper T, will it help her in protecting from sexually
transmitted diseases.

B
30.(A) Rahul used to eat a lot of sweets. As a result his teeth started damaging
so early. How is tooth decay related to pH?
U
(B) What is the change in colour of pH paper dipped in a solution having a pH =
13?
PH
OR
How can tooth decay be prevented?

31.Answer the following:

(A) Mention the adaptations of leaves for photosynthesis.
EX

(B) Why does absorption of digested food occur mainly in the small
intestine?

32.An alkali metal A gives a compound B (molecular mass = 40) on reacting

with water. The compound B gives a soluble compound C on treatment with
aluminium oxide. Identify A, B and C and give the reactions involved.

33.(A) What is the focal length of the given lens ?

(B) An object is kept at a distance of 100 cm from the above lens. Calculate the
image distance and the magnification.

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Section-D
(Q.no. 34 to 36 are Long answer type questions)

34.A given organic solid's melting point was to be ascertained by Ritesh. He did
this by putting H2SO4 in a bath. He lost focus and started to act a little carelessly
as he glanced at the thermometer. He was covered in sulfuric acid after the
boiling beaker fell. He had hand and clothing burns that were very bad.

(A) What caused Ritesh to have an accident?

(B) Why did he suffer from severe burns to his hands?
(C) What precautions must be followed while working in a lab?

35.What is a solenoid? How does a solenoid behave like a magnet? Can you

B
determine the north and south poles of a current- carrying solenoid with the help
of a bar magnet? Explain.
OR
U
(A) When is the force experienced by a current carrying conductor placed in a
magnetic field largest?
PH

(B) Name two devices that use current carrying conductors and magnetic
fields.
EX

(C) State the rule to determine the direction of a:

(i) magnetic field produced around a straight conductor carrying current.
(ii) Force experienced by a current carrying straight conductor placed in a field,
which is perpendicular to it

36. Answer the following:

(A) Draw a diagram of its longitudinal section showing the process of
germination of pollen on stigma and label the following on it:
(i) Male germ cell
(li) Female germ cell
(lii) Ovary
(iv) Pollen tube

(B) Observe the given figures:

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B
U
Process (i) may occur without process (ii) but process (ii) will not take place
without Process (i). Give reasons.
OR
PH
(A) Give an example of bisexual flower. What is its female reproductive part
known as?
(B) Draw a labelled diagram of the longitudinal section of a flower.
EX

Section-E
(Q.no. 37 to 39 are Case based questions with 2 to 3 short sub-parts.
Internal choice is provided in one of these sub-parts.)

37.Ankit remarked that he has seen wavering of objects when seen through a
stream of hot air rising above a tandoor or a fire He said that the air just above
the fire becomes hotter than the air further higher up. He further said that this
wavering can also be seen in the earth's atmosphere as the earth's atmosphere is
not
evenly distributed and several observations can be explained on the basis of this
phenomenon. To explain his point further. He plotted the variation of refractive
index of the atmosphere with altitude.

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178 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

(A) Name the phenomenon about which Ankit remarked.

(B) Write any two observations which can be explained by the above
phenomenon.
(C) What is the total time difference on the duration of day on Earth? Explain

B
OR
(C) What do you analyse from the graph given above? After analysing the graph
U
a student writes the following statements.

38.The following chart explains the dihybrid cross in detail between one pea
PH
plant with yellow and round seeds and the other pea plant having green and
wrinkled seeds. Analyse it and answer the following questions:
EX

(A) After studying the above cross, a student noted down the following
observations regarding progeny of F2 generation. What is the ratio obtained in
F2 generation?

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(B) In the F2 generation of a cross, it was observed that the phenotypic ratio of
progeny having different traits is 485:165 out of 650 observations. What type of
cross is this? Explain.
OR
A cross between the purple flowers of pea plant (PP) and white flowers (pp)
resulted in all F1 progeny that had purple flowers. Why?

39.Whenever a chemical reaction takes place, the bonds present in the reactions
break and new bonds are formed in the products. Energy is needed to break the
bonds in the reactants. While it is released when new bonds are formed resulting
in the formation of products. The two values of energies are normally not equal
Hence, an energy change takes place in a chemical reaction.

The graph below shows the energy changes taking place in exothermic and
endothermic reactions:

B
U
PH
EX

(A) What is the name given to chemical reactions where more energy is needed
to break the bonds as compared to energy released during bond formation?
(B) When an exothermic reaction takes place, the reaction mixture gives out
heat. Why?
(C) Which of the following are exothermic processes? Explain.

(I) Reaction of water with quicklime

(II) Dilution of an acid

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(Ill) Evaporation of water

(IV) Sublimation of camphor (crystals)
OR
A student analysed the observations given in the table below and wrote the
following statements

B
U
PH

Solutions for Sample Paper 7

Class X (2022 - 2023)
EX

1. (a) 7.5m
Explanation As the distance between the man and the mirror is 10 m, the distance
between man and his image is 10+10 or 20 m, as image distance and object
distance are equal Distance between the man and his image is 5 m when the man is
2.5 m away from the mirror. Therefore, the man has to walk 10 m-2.5m = 7.5m
towards the mirror.

2. (b)Decreases
Explanation: Metallic character decreases as we move across a period in the
periodic table from left to right. This occurs because as we move across a period,
the nuclear charge increases and the tendency of the element to lose electrons
decreases.

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181 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

3. (b) X-CaOCl2, Y - Ca(OH)2

Explanation: The yellow powder X is bleaching powder which is prepared by the
reaction of chlorine on dry slaked lime [Ca(OH)2]. Y is dry slaked lime
(Ca(OH)2 + Cl → CaOCl2 + H2O

4. (b)

Explanation: A ray of light going parallel to the principal cos towards the mirror
after reflection from the mirror will pass through the focus.

B
U
PH

5. (d) All of these

Explanation: The two ways in which glucose is oxidised to provide energy in
EX

various organisms are aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration. Fermentation

is a type of anaerobic respiration.

8. (a) It is a function of guard cells

Explanation: The opening and closing of stomatal pores is a function of guard
cells. When water flows into guard cells, they swell up causing the stomatal pore to
open. When the guard cells shrink, the pore closes.

7. (b) 1m2, m
Explanation: Electrical resistivity is defined as the electrical resistance of a
conductor having cross-sectional area 1 m2 and length 1m

8. (a) A-CH3CHO B-CH3COOH

Explanation: When ethanol reacts with chromic anhydride(CrO3), only partial
oxidation occurs and ethanol is formed

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On the other hand, when ethanol is heated with alkaline potassium

permanganate(KMnO4), it produces ethanoic acid due to complete oxidation.

9. (a) CO2 is released

Explanation: Since the exhaled air is carbon dioxide rich, when or is blown from
the mouth into the test tube, the lime water turns milky carbon dioxide gas turns
water milky.

10. (a) A and D

Explanation: 'A' represents angle of incidence and 'D' represents angle of

B
refraction.

11. (b) Deficiency of thyroxine hormone

U
Explanations: Goitre is a condition that causes the swollen neck. Thyroxine
hormone deficiency is the cause of goitre. Because iodine aids in the production of
PH
the hormone thyroxine, which helps to prevent goitre, using iodized salt was
advised.

12. (d) Harmful and toxic

EX

Explanation: Biological Magnification is the process by which the harmful and

toxic substances enter the food chain and get concentrated in the body of living
organisms at each successive level in food chain.

13. (c) Both (a) and (b)

Explanation: As the old person was suffering from acidity, the antacid tablet,
which is basic in nature, neutralise the excess acid in his stomach due to which he
got immediate relief
Ca(OH)2 + Cl2 → CaOCl2 + H2O

14. (c) Both (I) and (III)

Explanation: The slope of the VI graph gives the resistance of the conductor as
Ohm's law can be mathematically expressed as V=R, or R = V/I= slope of VI
graph. As slope of graph for R1 is steeper than that of R2. resistance R1 > R2

15. (c) Only(III)

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183 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Explanation: As per Ohm’s law, V = IR. Or, I = V/R

Therefore when R is halved, I becomes double and I becomes half when R is
doubled.
As V is proportional to I, current becomes half when voltage is halved.
Therefore, statement III is the only incorrect statement.

16.

B
U
17. Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
PH
Explanation: All offspring of F generation were tall with round seeds which shows
that both tollness and round seed are dominant traits. However, new combinations
were seen in F2 generation which showed the tol traits. However, new
combinations were seen in F2 generation which showed that the toll short trait and
the round/wrinkled seed trait are independently inherited.
EX

18. (c) Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A

Explanation: Emergency hormone- designated adrenaline hormone, also known as
triple F hormone FFF-Fight, Fright, Fight Some of the neurons in the central
nervous system and the medulla of the adrenal glands both produce it. It is quickly
released into the blood during a stressful situation, sending signals to the organs to
trigger a particular response, within a few minutes.

19. (c) A is true but R is false

Explanation: The resistance of a conductor is directly proportional to the length of
the conductor and inversely proportional to the area of cross section (A).

20. (c) A is true but R is false.

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184 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Explanation: Food chain is a sequence of eating and being eaten among the living
organisms to transfer food energy to it stabilises the population of endangered
species.

21. The various methods used by plants to get rid of excretory products are
(1) Oxygen and carbon dioxide are the waste products generated in plants during
photosynthesis and respiration respectively The plants get rid of these gaseous
waste products through stomata in leaves and lenticels in stems (2) Many plant
waste products are stored in cellular vacuoles. Plants get rid of stored solid and
liquid wastes by shedding of leaves, peeling of bark and felling of fruits.
OR
The amount of water re-absorbed depends
(1) How much excess water there is in the body
(2) How much of wote there is to be excreted

B
22. Distance of the object from the concave mirror u = -10cm and magnification of
the real image, m = -3.
U
To find position of image, we use the formula for magnification of mirrors,
M = -(v/u)
PH
= v = -mu = -(-3) x (-10) = -30 cm.
Thus, the image is situated in front of the mirror at a distance 30 cm from it.

23. (A) Formation of Sodium oxide Na2O:

EX

Atomic number of sodium (Na)=11

Its electronic configuration=2,8,1
Atomic number of oxygen (O)=8
Its electronic configuration=2,6
Each sodium atom can lose only one electron and attain stable configuration like
that of Neon (2,8)

But each oxygen atom requires two electrons to attain stable configuration of neon
(2,8).

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185 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Formation of Magnesium oxide:

Atomic number of magnesium (Mg)=12
Electronic configuration=2,8,2
It loses two electrons from its valence shell and acquires electronic configuration
of neon (2,8) and form Mg2+ ion

B
U
PH
Atomic number of oxygen = 8
Its electronic configuration = 2,6
EX

It gains two electrons to acquire the stable configuration of neon(2,8) and becomes
oxide ion(O-2)

(B) The ions present in sodium oxide compounds (No2O) are sodium ions (2NO+)
, sodium ions (2Na+) and oxide ions (O-2).
Ions present in magnesium compounds (MgO) are magnesium ions Mg2+ and oxide
ions (O-2).

24. (A) If we want minimum currant, we will connect the resistors in series
If we want maximum current we will connect them in parallel.
When connected in series R = 10 + 5 = 15 ohms
V = 6V
Therefore, I = V/R = 6/15 = 0.4A

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186 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

When the resistors are connected in parallel.

OR
Given R = 20 Ohm
The length of the wire is l and when it is drawn out its new length will become 2l.
The volume of wire in both situations remains constant. So, if the length of wire is
doubled, the area of cross-section becomes half. So the new resistance of the wire,

B
U
PH

25. Comparison of the structure of dived in the lungs (A) and nephrons in the
kidneys (B) given below:
EX

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B
U
26. A covalent bond, also called a molecular bond is a chemical bond that involves
PH
the sharing of electrons between atoms. The shared electrons belong to the
outermost shells of both the atoms and both the atoms need electrons to attain the
noble gas configuration.
Type of bond present in molecule The electronic configuration of nitrogen atoms is
2,5. Hence, nitrogen atom has 5 electrons in ‘L’
EX

Shell and it requires three more electrons to fill the ‘L’ shell so two nitrogen atoms
share their electrons to form a molecule of N2. It will form a triple covalent bond.

27.

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188 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

28. Damage to the ozone layer is a cause of concern for the following reason:
(1) Ozone layer depletion causes increased UV radiation levels at the Earth's
surface, which is damaging to human health as it causes certain types of skin
cancers, eye cataracts and immune deficiency disorders.
Synthetic chemicals such as Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) are mainly responsible for
the drop in the amount of ozone in the atmosphere.
Steps being taken to minimise its damage are:
(1) Freezing CFC production at 1986 levels as per the United Nations Environment
Programme (UNEP) agreement.
(2) Replacing CFCs with environment friendly appliances.
(3) Minimising the leakage of CFCs from refrigerators and air conditioners.

29. DNA copying is an essential part of the process of reproduction because it

makes possible the transmission of genetic information from parents to offspring in

B
the next generation DNA contains information for the inheritance of characteristics
from the parents to the next generation
Advantages of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction:
U
(1) In sexual reproduction, more variations are produced. Thus, it ensures survival
of species in a population.
PH
(2) Variations favour evolution and play an important role in the origin of new
species.
(3) It maintains chromosome number in future generations.
(4) The new formed individual has characteristics of both the parents
EX

OR
(A)

(B) No, the copper T will not protect her from sexually transmitted diseases.

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189 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Copper T is used to keep a gap between the children. It is used by females only.
Condom on the other hand prevents the deposition of sperm into the vagina and
also protect both males and females from sexually transmitted diseases.

30.(A) When we eat food containing sugar then the bacteria present in our mouth
break down the sugar to form acids such as lactic acid. This acid lowers the pH in
the mouth maiding it acidic Tooth decay starts when the pH of acid formed in the
mouth falls below 5.5. This is because then the acid becomes strong enough to
attack the enamel of our teeth and corrode it. This sets in tooth decay.
(B) The solution with highest (15) will have minimum hydrogen ion concentration
le line solution and so will change colour of pH paper to light violet colour.
OR
The best way to prevent tooth decay is to clean the mouth thoroughly after eating
food by rinsing it with lots of clean water. Many toothpastes contain bases to

B
neutralise the mouth acid. The pH of toothpaste is about 80. Therefore, using the
toothpaste, which is generally basic for clearing the tooth, can neutralise the excess
add in mouth and prevent tooth decay.
U
31. (A) The adaptations of leaf for photosynthesis are as follows:
PH
(1) Leaves have chlorophyll the main site for photosynthesis
(2) The shape of the leaves enables to absorb maximum sunlight for photosynthesis
(3) Leaves have stomata which help in gas exchange and transpiration Stomata
help the leaves in taking in carbon dioxide for photosynthesis.
EX

(B) Maximum absorption of digested food occurs in small intestine due to

following reasons
(1) Digestion process gets completed in small intestine
(2) Inner lining of the small intestine is provided with millions of tiny fingers like
projections called villi. Each villus has a network of fine blood capillaries close to
the surface. The presence of vill gives the inner walls of the small intestine greater
surface area which help in rapid absorption of food.

(3) Wall of intestine are richly supplied with blood vessels through which the
absorbed food is token to each and every call of the body

32. A is Na, B is NaOH and C is NaAlO2 Reactions involved are:

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Let the atomic mass of alkali metal 'A' be a. When it reacts with water, it forms a
compound.
‘B' having molecular mass 40.
Therefore, a +16 +1= 40
A = 40 - 17 = 23
We know that the atomic mass of Na(sodium) is 23.
Therefore, the alkali metal (A) is No Sodium reacts with water to form sodium
hydroxide.
So, compound B is sodium hydroxide (NaOH).

B
Sodium hydroxide reacts with aluminium oxide (Al2O3) to give sodium aluminate
(NaAlO2) U
Thus 'C' is sodium aluminate (NaAlO2).
PH
33.
EX

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B
U
PH

2
EX

34. (A) The tripod stand, the bath or beaker containing the concentrated H 2SO4,
was not properly positioned. The acid spilled over him when it lost its balance.
(B) A very effective dehydrating agent is sulfuric acid. It eliminated the water
content of the skin, which became burned and charred.
(C) A student must toke the following safety precautions while working in the
chemistry lab:
(i) In the laboratory, you must always wear an apron.
(ii) Always maintain a safe distance from the table where the experiment is being
conducted.
(iii) Must maintain alertness at all times in the lab and maintain focus. Keep
a safe distance at all times from the table where the experiment is being conducted.
(iv) Must maintain constant alertness and concentration in the lab.

35. A solenoid is a coil of many circular turns of wire wrapped in the shape of a
cylinder. When current passes through the solenoid it creates a magnetic field

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around it. The magnetic field is uniform inside the solenoid. Thus, the solenoid
behaves like a magnet. One end of the solenoid behaves as a magnetic north pole,
while the other behaves as the south pole. The field lines inside the solenoid are in
the form of parallel straight lines. This indicates that the magnetic field is the same
at all points inside the solenoid. That is, the field is uniform inside the solenoid.

B
U
The north and south poles of the solenoid can be determined by bringing one pole
of a bor magnet next to the solenoid and checking whether it is attracted to or
PH
repelled by the solenoid. If it is repelled, they are like poles and unlike poles in the
vice versa case.
OR
(A) The force experienced by a current carrying conductor placed in a magnetic
fields largest, when direction of current is at right angles to the direction of
EX

magnetic field
(B)The devices that use current carrying conductors and magnetic fields are
Loudspeakers, microphones, measuring instruments, etc.
(C) (i) Right Hand Thumb Rule: Imagine holding a current carrying a straight
conductor in your right hand such that the thumb of the right hand paints along the
direction of current. Then, the fingers of the hand will wrap around the conductor
in the direction of the field lines of the magnetic field.

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(ii) Fleming's Left Hand Rule: Stretch the thumb, forefinger and the central finger
of your left hand so that they are mutually perpendicular to one another the
forefinger points in the direction of a magnetic field B and the central finger points
in the direction of current T. through the conductor, then the thumb will point in
the direction of force F (direction of motion of conductor) acting on the conductor

36. (A) Diagram of longitudinal section of flower showing the process of

germination of pollen on stigma:

B
U
PH

(B) Pollination (i) is just the transfer of pollen grains from the anther of stamen to
EX

the stigma of pistil. It is carried out by agents like wind, insects etc. For pollination
to happen there is no need for fertilisation of gametes i.e. their union. Fertilisation
(ii) is fusion of male and female gamete and this process is facilitated by
pollination. By pollination pollens are brought to eggs so that they can fuse and
fertilisation can take place. Therefore, pollination may occur without fertilisation
but fertilisation will not take place without pollination.
OR
(A) A flower that contains both the male and female reproductive
structures(stamen and pistil) is called a bisexual flower. Example:rose, hibiscus. Its
female reproductive part is known as carpel or pistil.

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37. (A) The phenomenon is "Atmospheric refraction” which is the refraction of

light by the earth's atmosphere due to the decrease of refractive index with
decreasing density or increasing temperature of air.
(C) The total time difference on the duration of day on earth 4 minutes = 2 minutes
(due to advanced sunrise) 2 minutes (due to delayed sunset)
OR
(C) The refractive index of the atmosphere decreases with altitude, that is the air in

B
the upper atmosphere is rarer as compared to the air below. As the starlight travels
from a rarer medium to a denser medium, it will be bent towards the normal.
U
38. (A) When yellow round seeds were crossed with green, wrinkled seeds, the
PH
phenotypic ratio of F2 progeny was:
Yellow, round : yellow, wrinkled (new combination) : Green, round (new
combination) : Green, wrinkled = 9:3:3:1.
EX

(B) It is a monohybrid cross The phenotypic ratio in the generation of the given
cross is 485 : 105 or approximately 3:1, which shows that it is a monohybrid cross.
The phenotypic ratio in the generation of a dihybrid cross is 9:3:3:1
OR
(B) Purple colour is the dominant trait. As all progeny of the F1 generation had
purple flowers, this is an example of monohybrid cross as Mendel used a pair of
pap plants with two contrasting traits purple flower/ white flower).

38. (A) The name given to a chemical reaction where energy is needed to break the
bonds is endothermic reaction.

(B) More energy is released, when new bonds are formed thon is taken in when
existing bonds in the reactants are broke
(C) Both (I) and (II)
When water is added to quicklime, a lot of heat is produced:
CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2 + heat

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Similarly, the dilution of acids is a highly exothermic process. If water is added to

a concentrated acid, the heat generated may cause the mature to splash out, cause
burns and may break the glass container.
OR
(C) Reactions at set I and IV are endothermic reactions as final temperatures are
lower than initial temperatures showing that heat is absorbed during the reaction
Reaction at set and are exothermic reactions as final temperatures are Higher than
initial temperatures showing that heat is evolved during the reaction.

B
U
PH
EX

Sample paper 8

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196 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

(Self Assessment Paper – 1)

Class X (2022 - 2023)

General Instructions:
1. This question paper consists of 39 questions in 5 sections.
2. All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in some questions.
A student is expected to attempt only one of these questions.
3. Section A consists of 20 Objective Type questions carrying 1 mark each.

4. Section B consists of 6 Very Short questions carrying 02 marks each. Answers to these
questions should be in the range of 30 to 50 words.
5. Section C consists of 7 Short Answer type questions carrying 03 marks each. Answers to
these questions should be in the range of 50 to 80 words.

B
6. Section D consists of 3 Long Answer type questions carrying 05 marks each. Answers to
these questions should be in the range of 80 to 120 words.
U
7. Section E consists of 3 source-based/case-based units of assessment of 04 marks each
with sub-parts.
PH

Section-A
EX

(Select and write one most appropriate option out of the

four options given for each question 1-20).

1.In the redox reaction : MnO2 + 4HCI → MnCl2 + 2HO + Cl2

a. MnO2 is reduced to MnCl2& HCl is oxidised to H2O
b. MnO2 is reduced to MnCl2& HCl is oxidised to Cl2
c. MnO2 is oxidised to MnCl2 & HCl is reduced to Cl2
d. MnO2 is oxidised to MnCl2 & HCl is reduced to H2O

2.The change in colour of the moist litmus paper in the given set up is due to

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197 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

i. presence of acid
ii. presence of base
iii. presence of H⁺(aq) in the solution
iv. presence of Litmus which acts as an indicator

a. i and ii
b. Only ii
c. Only iii
d. Only iv

3.On placing a copper coin in a test tube containing green ferrous sulphate
solution, observed that the ferrous sulphate solution
a. turns blue, and a grey substance is deposited on the copper coin.
b. turns colourless and a grey substance is deposited on the copper coin.
c. turns colourless and a reddish–brown substance is deposited on the copper
coin.

B
d. remains green with no change in the copper coin.
U
4.With the reference to four gases CO,.CO, Ch and Oy which one of the options
in the table is correct?
PH
Option Acidic oxide Used in Product of Product of
treatment of respiration incomplete
water combustion
a. CO Cl2 O2 CO2
b. CO2 Cl2 CO2 CO2
EX

c. CO2 O2 O2 CO2
d. CO O2 CO2 CO2

5.Anita added a drop each of diluted acetic acid and diluted hydrochloric acid
on PH paper and compared the colours. Which of the following is the correct
conclusion?
a. pH of acetic acid is more than that of hydrochloric acid.
b. pH of acetic acid is less than that of hydrochloric acid.
c. Acetic acid dissociates completely in aqueous solution.
d. Acetic acid is a strong acid

6.

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198 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Which of the following is the correct observation of the reaction shown in the
above set up?
a. Brown powder of Magnesium oxide is formed.
b. Colourless gas which turns lime water milky is evolved.
c. Magnesium ribbon burns with brilliant white light.
d. Reddish brown gas with a smell of burning Sulphur has evolved

7.The formulae of four organic compounds are shown below. Choose the

B
correct option
U
PH
a. A and B are unsaturated hydrocarbons
b. C and D are saturated hydrocarbons
c. Addition of hydrogen in presence of catalyst changes A to C
d. Addition of potassium permanganate changes B to D
EX

8.The diagram shown below depicts pollination. Choose the options that will
show a maximum variation in the offspring

a. A, B, C
b. B, D
c. B, C, D
d. A,C

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199 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

9.If a tall pea plant is crossed with a pure dwarf pea plant then, what percentage
of F, and F, generation respectively will be fall?
a. 25%, 25%
b. 50%, 50%
c. 75%, 100%
d. 100%, 75%

10.In the given transverse section of the leaf identify the layer of cells where
maximum photosynthesis occurs.

B
U
a. I, II
PH
b. II, III
c. III, IV
d. I, IV

11.Observe the three figures given below. Which of the following depicts tropic
EX

movements appropriately?

a. B and C
b. A and C
c. B only
d. C only

12.Observe the experimental setup shown below. Name the chemical indicated
as "X" that can absorb the gas which is evolved as a byproduct of respiration.

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200 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

a. NaOH
b. KOH
c. Ca(OH)2
d. K2CO3

13.Plastic insulation surrounds a wire having diameter d and length l as shown

above. A decrease in the resistance of the wire would be produced by an
increase in the

B
U
PH

a. length l of the wire

b. diameter d of the wire
c. temperature of the wire
EX

d. thickness of the plastic insulation

14.A complete circuit is left on for several minutes, causing the connecting
copper wire to become hot. As the temperature of the wire increases, the
electrical resistance of the wire
a. decreases
b. remains the same
c. increases
d. increases for some time and then decreases

15.A copper wire is held between the poles of a magnet.

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201 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

The current in the wire can be reversed. The pole of the magnet can also be
changed over. In how many of the four directions shown can the force act on the
wire?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4

16.Which of the following pattern correctly describes the magnetic field around

B
a long straight wire carrying current?
a. straight lines perpendicular to the wire
b. straight lines parallel to the wire
c. radial lines originating from the wire
U
d. concentric circles centred around the wire
PH

Direction for questions 17 to 20: In Question number 17 to 20, a statement of

Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct
option:
EX

(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R)are true and reason (R) is the correct
explanation of assertion (A)
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R)are true but reason (R) is not the
correct explanation of assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false .
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

17.Assertion: Silver bromide decomposition is used in black and white

photography.
Reason: Light provides energy for this exothermic reaction.

18.Assertion: Height in pea plants is controlled by efficiency of enzymes and is

thus genetically controlled.
Reason: Cellular DNA is the information source for making proteins in the cell.

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202 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

19.Assertion: Amphibians can tolerate mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated

blood.
Reason: Amphibians are animals with two chambered heart.

20.Assertion: On freely suspending a current – carrying solenoid, it comes to

rest in Geographical N-S direction.
Reason: One end of current carrying straight solenoid behaves as a North pole
and the other end as a South pole, just like a bar magnet.

Section-B
(Q.no. 21 to 26 are very short answer type questions)

B
21.A lot of waste is generated in the neighborhood. However, almost all of it is
biodegradable. What impact will it have on the environment or human health?
U
22.A clear solution of slaked lime is made by dissolving Ca(OH)2 in an excess
PH
of water. This solution is left exposed to air. The solution slowly goes milky as
a faint white precipitate forms. Explain why a faint white precipitate forms,
support your response with the help of a chemical equation.

OR
EX

Keerti added dilute Hydrochloric acid to four metals and recorded her
observations as shown in the table given below.

Select the correct observation(s) and give chemical equation(s) of the reaction
involved.

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203 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

23.State the phenomena observed in the above diagram. Explain with reference
to the diagram, which of the two lights mentioned above will have the higher
wavelength?

OR

How will you use two identical prisms so that a narrow beam of white light
incident on one prism emerges out of the second prism as white light? Draw the
diagram.

B
24.How is the mode of action in beating the heart different from reflex actions?
Give four examples
U
25.Name the substances other than water that are reabsorbed during urine
PH
formation. What are the two parameters that decide the amount of water that is
reabsorbed in the kidney?

26.Patients whose gallbladder are removed are recommended to eat less oily
food. Why?
EX

Section-C
(Q.no. 27 to 33 are short answer type questions)

27.Why is damage to the ozone layer a cause for concern? What are its causes
and what steps are being taken to limit this damage?
28. (i)

(ii)

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204 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Identify the types of reaction mentioned above in (i) and (ii). Give one example
for
each type in the form of a balanced chemical equation.

29.The leaves of a plant were covered with aluminium foil, how would it affect
the physiology of the plant?

OR

How is lymph an important fluid involved in transportation? If lymphatic

vessels
get blocked, how would it affect the human body? Elaborate.

B
30.(a) A lens of focal length 5 cm is being used by Debashree in the laboratory
as a U
magnifying glass. Her least distance of distinct vision is 25 cm.
(i) What is the magnification obtained by using the glass?
(ii) She keeps a book at a distance 10 cm from her eyes and tries to read. She is
PH
unable to read. What is the reason for this?

(b) Ravi kept a book at a distance of 10 cm from the eyes of his friend Hari.
Hari is
not able to read anything written in the book. Give reasons for this?
EX

31.Rohit wants to have an erect image of an object using a converging mirror of

focal length 40 cm.

(a) Specify the range of distance where the object can be placed in front of the
mirror. Justify.
(b) Draw a ray diagram to show image formation in this case.
(c) State one use of the mirror based on the above kind of image formation.

32.A student fixes a white sheet of paper on a drawing board. He places a bar
magnet in the centre and sprinkles some iron filings uniformly around the bar
magnet. Then he taps gently and observes that iron filings arrange themselves in
a certain pattern.
(a) Why do iron filings arrange themselves in a particular pattern?
(b) Which physical quantity is indicated by the pattern of field lines around the
bar magnet?
(c) State any two properties of magnetic field lines.

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205 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

OR

A compass needle is placed near a current carrying wire. State your

observations for the following cases and give reasons for the same in each case -
(a) Magnitude of electric current in wire is increased.
(b) The compass needle is displaced away from the wire.

33.

B
U
PH
(a) Identify the gases evolved at the anode and cathode in the above
experimental set up.
(b) Name the process that occurs. Why is it called so?
(c) Illustrate the reaction of the process with the help of a chemical equation.
EX

Section-D
(Q.no. 34 to 36 are Long answer type questions)

34.Shristi heated Ethanol with a compound A in presence of a few drops of

concentrated sulphuric acid and observed a sweet smelling compound B is
formed. When B is treated with sodium hydroxide it gives back Ethanol and a
compound C.
(a) Identify A and C
(b) Give one use each of compounds A and B.
(c) Write the chemical reactions involved and name the reactions.

OR

(a) What is the role of concentrated sulphuric acid when it is heated with
Ethanol at 443 K. Give the reaction involved.

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206 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

(b) Reshu by mistake forgot to label the two test tubes containing Ethanol and
Ethanoic acid. Suggest an experiment to identify the substances correctly?
Illustrate the reactions with the help of chemical equations.

35.

B
U
The diagram above is a schematic diagram of a household circuit. The house
shown in the above diagram has 5 usable spaces where electrical connections
PH
are made. For this house, the mains have a voltage of 220 V and the net current
coming from the mains is 22A.

(a) What is the mode of connection to all the spaces in the house from the
mains?
EX

(b) The spaces 5 and 4 have the same resistance and spaces 3 and 2 have
respective resistances of 20Ω and 30Ω. Space 1 has a resistance double that of
space 5. What is the net resistance for space 5.
(c) What is the current in space 3?
(d) What should be placed between the main connection and the rest of the
house’s electrical appliances to save them from accidental high electric current?

36. (a) Why is it not possible to reconstruct the whole organism from a fragment
in complex multicellular organisms?
(b) Sexual maturation of reproductive tissues and organs are necessary link for
reproduction. Elucidate.
OR
(a) How are variations useful for species if there is drastic alteration in the
niches?
(b) Explain how the uterus and placenta provide necessary conditions for proper
growth and development of the embryo after implantation?

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207 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Section-E
(Q.no. 37 to 39 are Case based questions with 2 to 3 short sub-parts.
Internal choice is provided in one of these sub-parts.)

37.Two students decided to investigate the effect of water and air on iron object
under identical experimental conditions. They measured the mass of each object
before placing it partially immersed in 10 ml of water. After a few days, the
object were removed, dried and their masses were measured. The table shows
their results.

B
U
(a) What might be the reason for the varied observations of the two students?
PH
(b) In another set up the students coated iron nails with zinc metal and noted
that iron nails coated with zinc prevents rusting. They also observed that zinc
initially acts as a physical barrier, but an extra advantage of using zinc is that it
continues to prevent rusting even if the layer of zinc is damaged. Name this
process of rust prevention and give any two other methods to prevent rusting.
EX

OR
(b) In which of the following applications of Iron, rusting will occur most?
Support your answer with valid reason.

A - Iron Bucket electroplated with Zinc

B - Electricity cables having iron wires covered with aluminium
C - Iron hinges on a gate
D - Painted iron fence
38.

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208 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

The above images are that of a specialised slide projector. Slides are small
transparencies mounted in sturdy frames ideally suited to magnification
and projection, since they have a very high resolution and a high image quality.
There is a ray where the slides are to be put into a particular orientation so that
the viewers can see the enlarged erect images of the transparent slides. This
means that the slides will have to be inserted upside down in the projector tray.

B
To show her students the images of insects that she investigated in the lab, Mrs.
Iyer brought a slide projector. Her slide projector produced a 500 times
enlarged and inverted image of a slide on a screen 10 m away.
U
(a) Based on the text and data given in the above paragraph, what kind of lens
PH
must the slide projector have?
(b) If v is the symbol used for image distance and u for object distance
then
with one reason stated what will be the sign for v/u in the given case?
(c)A slide projector has a convex lens with a focal length of 20 cm. The slide is
EX

placed upside down 21 cm from the lens. How far away should the screen be
placed from the slide projector’s lens so that the slide is in focus?
OR
(c)When a slide is placed 15 cm behind the lens in the projector, an
image is formed 3 m in front of the lens. If the focal length of the lens is 14
cm, draw a ray diagram to show image formation. (not to scale)

39.Pooja has green eyes while her parents and brother have black eyes.
Pooja’s husband Ravi has black eyes while his mother has green eyes and
father has black eyes.
(a) On the basis of the above given information, is the green eye colour a
dominant or recessive trait? Justify your answer.
(b) What is the possible genetic makeup of Pooja’s brother’s eye colour?
(c) What is the probability that the offspring of Pooja and Ravi will have green
eyes? Also, show the inheritance of eye colour in the offspring with the
help of a suitable cross.
OR

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209 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

(d) 50% of the offspring of Pooja’s brother are green eyed. With help of cross
show how this is possible

B
U
PH
EX

Sample paper 9

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210 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

(Self Assessment Paper – 2)

Class X (2022 - 2023)

General instructions:
i) This question paper consists of 39 questions in 5 sections.
ii) All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in
some questions. A student is expected to attempt only one of these
questions.
iii) Section A consists of 20 objective type questions carrying 01 marks each.
iv) Section B consists of 6 very short questions carrying 02 marks each.
Answers to these questions should be in the range of 30 to 50 words.
v) Section C consists of 7 short questions carrying 03 marks each. Answers to

B
these questions should be in the range of 50 to 80 words.
vi) Section D consists of 3 Long questions carrying 05 marks each. Answers
U
to these questions should be in the range of 80 to 120 words.
vii) Section E consists of 3 source-based/case-based units of assessment of
PH
04 marks each with sub-parts.

Section-A
(Select and write one most appropriate option out of the
EX

four options given for each question 1-20).

1. Which one of the following four metals would be displaced from the
solutions of its salts by the other three metals?

a). Mg
b). Ag
c). Cu
d). Zn

2. Heating of ferrous sulphate is a type of:

(a) Decomposition reaction
(b) Displacement reaction
(c) All of these
(d) Combination reaction

3. By how much atomic mass unit successive members of a homologous series

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211 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

vary?
(a) Sixteen
(b) Twelve
(c) Fourteen
(d) One

4. The value of n for the incident ray through air medium is:

(a) >3
(b) <1

B
(c) =1
(d) >1

5. A trait in an organism is influenced by

U
(a) Both maternal & paternal DNA
PH
(b) Paternal DNA only
(c) Neither maternal or paternal DNA
(d) Maternal DNA only

6.A student has to do the experiment, on finding the focal length of a given
EX

concave mirror, by using a distant object. Out of the following setups(A, B, C, D)

available to her
A. a screen, a mirror holder and a scale
B. a mirror holder, a screen holder and a scale
C. a screen holder and a scale
D. a mirror holder and a screen holder
a) D
b) C
c) A
d) B

7. The following figures illustrate binary fission in Amoeba in a correct sequence:

The correct sequence is

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212 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

(a) (i), (iii), (iv), (ii)

(b) (iii), (iv), (ii), (i)
(c) (ii), (iii), (iv), (i)

B
(d) (iv), (iii), (ii), (i)
U
8. Statement A: There are 31 pairs of cranial nerves and 12 pairs of spinal nerves.
Statement B: Ethylene inhibits growth.
(a) Statement A is true, B is false
PH
(b) Neither statement A not statement B is true
(c) Statement B is true, A is false
(d) Both are true

9. In grasshopper, gaseous exchange takes place through______

EX

(a) Lungs
(b) trachea
(c) spiracles
(d) gills

10. What is the function of glucagon?

(a) Decrease the blood sugar
(b) All of these
(c) Regulate the metabolism of fat
(d) Increase the blood sugar

11. The ratio of HCl and HNO3 in Aqua-regia is:

(a) 3:2
(b) 3:1
(c) 1:3
(d) 2:3

12. The two phases covering the first half and second half of the menstrual cycle

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213 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

are:
(a) Secretory phase, ovulation
(b) Proliferative phase, ovulation
(c) None of these
(d) Proliferative phase, secretory phase

13. Upon observing slides showing stages of reproduction in amoeba and yeast, the
student reported the following observations. The correct observations are:
A. Cytokinesis was seen in the yeast cell
B. A chain of buds was seen due to reproduction in Amoeba.
C. In Amoeba, the elongated nucleus was dividing to form two daughter nuclei.
D. Single cells of Amoeba and yeast were undergoing binary fission and budding
respectively.
a) C and D only
b) A, C and D only
c) A and B only

B
d) B only

14. The hardness of water is caused by:

(a) All of these
U
(b) Mg(HCO3)2
(c) CaCl2
PH
(d) CaSO4

15. Carbon exists in the atmosphere in the form of

(a) coal
b) carbon dioxide only
EX

c) carbon monoxide in traces and carbon dioxide

d) carbon monoxide only

16. On adding zinc granules to freshly prepared ferrous sulphate solution, a student
observes that

(a) a dull brown coating is formed

(b) a greyish black coating is formed
(c) a white coating is formed
(d) no coating is formed

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214 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

For question 17-20, two statements are given-one labelled Assertion (A) and
the other labelled Reason (R) . Select the correct answer to these questions
form the codes (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) as given below:
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of the assertion.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.

17. Assertion (A): When common salt is kept open, it absorbs moisture from the
air.
Reason (R): Common salt contains magnesium chloride.

B
18. Assertion (A): Voltmeter is always connected in parallel across the circuit
while measuring the potential difference.
Reason (R): As the voltage in parallel circuits are measured to be the same.
U
19. Assertion (A):When zinc is added to a solution of iron(II) sulphate, no
PH
change is observed.
Reason (R): Zinc is more reactive than iron.

20. Assertion (A): In woody plants, gaseous exchange occurs through lenticels.
Reason (R): Lenticels are specialised cells found along the stomata on the
EX

stem of woody plants.

Section-B
(Q.no. 21 to 26 are very short answer type questions)

21. What is the dam? Why do we seek to build large dams? While building large
dams, which three main problems should particularly be addressed to maintain
peace among local people? Mention them.

22. When a beam of white light is passed through a triangular glass prism, it gets
dispersed into its seven colour components. Why do we get these colours? In the
given figure, the colours X and Y represent the extreme components of the
spectrum. Identify X and Y.

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215 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

OR
Name the phenomenon responsible for
i) Advance sunrise
ii) colour of water in deep sea
iii) twinkling of stars
iv) reddish appearance of the sun at the time of sunrise and sunset

B
23. What is meant by the power of a lens? Write its Si unit. A student uses a lens of
focal length 40 cm and another of -20 cm. Write the nature and power of each lens.
U
24. How do the guard cells regulate opening and closing of stomata pores?
PH
25. Consider the following organic compounds:
CH3OH, C2H5OH, CH3COCH3, CH3COOH, C2H5COOH, C4H9COOC2H5,
CH4, C2H6, CH3CHO, HCHO Out of these compounds:
EX

(a) Which compound is most likely to be sweet-smelling?

(b) Which compound on treatment with conc. H2SO4. At 170OC forms an alkene‘?
(c) Which compound on repeated chlorination forms chloroform?
(d) Which compound is added to alcohol to denature it?
(e) Which compound is a constituent of vinegar?

26. Describe an activity to show that acid solution in water conducts electricity.

Section-C
(Q.no. 27 to 33 are short answer type questions)

27. We do not clean ponds and lakes, but an aquarium needs to be cleaned. Why?

28. A zinc plate was kept in a glass container having copper sulphate solution. On
examining it was found that the blue colour of the solution is fading slowly. After a

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216 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

A few days after the zinc plate was taken out of the solution, a number of small
holes were noticed in it. State the reason and give the chemical equation of the
reaction involved.

29. Differentiate between virtual images formed by a concave mirror and of a

convex mirror.
OR
Observe the following incomplete ray diagram of an object where the image
A'B' is formed after refraction from a convex lens.

On the basis of above information fill in the blanks.

i.The position of object AB would have been...

B
ii.Size of the object would have been ... than the size of the image.

30. How can changes of size of eyeball be one of the reason for
i) Myopic eye
U
ii) hypermetropic eye?
PH
Compare the size of the eyeball with that of a normal eye in each case. How does
this change of size affect the position of the image in each case?

31. In each of the following situations what happens to the rate of photosynthesis?
i. Cloudy days
ii. No rainfall in the area
EX

iii. Good manuring in the area

iv. Stomata get blocked due to rust

32. A plotting compass is placed inside a solenoid and the compass needle is
pointing in the direction as shown.

i. Complete the diagram by drawing arrow heads to indicate the direction of the
current flow.
ii. Describe the direction of the magnetic field inside the solenoid.

33. An individual may have good health even when the whole of the reproductive
system is removed. What then is the function of the reproductive system’!

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217 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

OR
DNA copies generated during reproduction will be similar but may not be
identical to the original. justify this statement.

Section-D
(Q.no. 34 to 36 are Long answer type questions)

34. Given below is a labelled diagram of the human brain

B
Using the given diagram, answer the following questions:
i. Which part of the brain controls reflex movements of the head, neck, and trunk?
U
ii. Name the part of the human brain which contains a vital centre for
controlling blood pressure.
iii. Which part of the hindbrain regulates respiration?
PH
iv. How is the brain protected from injuries and shock?
v. Which part of the human brain is the main thinking region?
OR
a. Why is the use of iodised salt advisable? Name the disease caused due to
EX

deficiency of iodine in our diet and state its one symptom.

b. How do nerve impulses travel in the body? Explain.

35. Describe an experiment of’ illustrates the action of an electric fuse.

36. What happens when baking powder is added to the dough? Write the reaction
also.
OR
Give the value of raw materials that are required for the manufacture of washing
soda. Write the reaction involved in the process.

Section-E
(Q.no. 37 to 39 are Case based questions with 2 to 3 short sub-parts.
Internal choice is provided in one of these sub-parts.)

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218 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

37. If two or more resistance are connected in such a way that the same potential
difference is applied to each of them, then they are said to be connected in parallel.

The current flowing through the two resistors in parallel is however, not the same.
When we have two or more resistance joined in parallel, then the same current gets
additional paths to flow and the overall resistance decreases.

(i) Three resistances, 2Ω, 6Ω and 8Ω are connected in parallel, then what will be
the equivalent resistance?
(ii) A wire of resistance 12Ω is cut into three equal pieces and then twisted their
ends together, then what will be the equivalent resistance‘?

B
(iii) Three resistances are connected as shown. Calculate the equivalent
resistance between A and B?
U
PH
EX

OR
Find the current in each resistance.

38. When the fats and oil present in the food material get oxidised by the oxygen
(of air), their oxidation products have unpleasant smells and tastes. Due to this
taste of food material containing fats and oil change and become very unpleasant.
The Condition produced by aerial oxidation of fats and oils in food marked by
unpleasant smell and taste is called rancidity. Rancidity spoils the food material
prepared in the fats and oils which have been kept for a considerable time and
makes them unfit for eating.

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The development of rancidity in food can be prevented in the following ways-

(i)Rancidity can be prevented by adding an antioxidant to foods containing fats and
oils.
(ii)Rãnciİdity can bv prevented by packaging fat and oil-containing food in N
nitrogen gas.
(iii)Rancidity can be prevented by keeping food in a refrigerator.
i. What do you understand about oxidation?
ii. How does the food become rancid‘?
iii. How can we prevent the rancidity of food?

OR

Which type of food material gets spoiled by the phenomenon of rancidity?

B
39. Refer to the schematic representation of albinism which is an inherited
condition caused by a recessive allele (a). ‘A’ is the dominant allele for the normal
U
condition. The inheritance of certain genetic traits for two or more generations is
represented in a pedigree or family tree. Study the given pedigree chart and answer
the following questions.
PH
EX

(i) What could be the genotypes of X and Y?

(ii) What could be the genotype of the generation - 1 male and female?

OR
If X married an albino female, then what is the probability that their children
would be albino?

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Sample paper 10
CBSE Mock Paper
Class X (2022 - 2023)

General Instructions:
1. This question paper consists of 39 questions in 5 sections.
2. All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in some questions.
A student is expected to attempt only one of these questions.
3. Section A consists of 20 Objective Type questions carrying 1 mark each.

4. Section B consists of 6 Very Short questions carrying 02 marks each. Answers to these
questions should be in the range of 30 to 50 words.

B
5. Section C consists of 7 Short Answer type questions carrying 03 marks each. Answers to
these questions should be in the range of 50 to 80 words.
U
6. Section D consists of 3 Long Answer type questions carrying 05 marks each. Answers to
these questions should be in the range of 80 to 120 words.
PH
7. Section E consists of 3 source-based/case-based units of assessment of 04 marks each
with sub-parts.
EX

Section-A
(Select and write one most appropriate option out of the
four options given for each question 1-20).

1.The diagram shows the reaction between metal and dil. acid.

What is the reason for the different behaviour of Mg in test tube B?

a. Mg is a lighter element than dil. HCl
b. Mg reacts with dil. HCl produces H2 gas which helps in floating.

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c. Mg reacts with dil. HCl produces N2 gas which helps in floating.

d. Mg reacts with dil. HCl produces CO2 gas which helps in floating.

2.Common salt besides being used in kitchen can also be used as the raw
material for making :
(i) washing soda
(ii) bleaching powder
(iii) baking soda
(iv) slaked lime
a. (i) and (ii)
b. (i), (ii) and (iv)

B
c. (i) and (iii)
d. (i), (iii) and (iv)
U
PH
3.Which of the following gives the correct increasing order of the atomic radii
of O, F and N ?
a. O, F, N
b. N, F, O
EX

c. O, N, F
d. F, O, N

4.While studying the saponification reaction, what do you observe when you
mix an equal amount of colourless vegetable oil and 20% aqueous solution of
NaOH in a beaker?
a. The colour of the mixture has become dark brown
b. A brisk effervescence is taking taking place in the beaker
c. The outer surface of the beaker has become hot.
d. The outer surface of the beaker has become cold.

5.In the given reaction : ZnO + C→Zn + Co ↑

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I. ZnO is being oxidised.

II. CO is being reduced.
III. Cis being oxidised.
IV. ZnO is being reduced.
a. I and II only
b. III and IV only
c. I, II and III only
d. All of these

6.Choose the correct statements about the heart.

a. The upper two chambers of human heart are called ventricles

B
b. The lower two chambers of human heart are called atrium
U
c. The chambers of the heart are separated by a partition called pericardium
d. The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to
PH
the lungs.

7.Structural formulae of X and Y, which have the same molecular formula,

C3H6O are:
EX

a. X = CH3CH2CHO,Y = CH3COCH3
b. X = CH3COCH3,Y = CH3COCH3
c. X = CH3COCH3,Y = CH3COCH3
d. X = CH3CH2OCH3,Y = CH3CH2COOH

8.The diagram below shows a leaf that was covered by a piece of black paper
for a period of 3 days. After 3 days, the paper was removed. On testing, it was
found that the area under the black paper tested negative for starch and the rest
tested positive for starch.

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What was the experiment trying to test?

a. If plants make their own food
b. If light is required for plants to make food

B
c. If plants can respire in the absence of light
d. If plants can survive even in the absence of light U
9.Identify X. Y and Z based on the basis of given information.
PH
X is a non-metal, which is an important constituent of our food. It forms two
oxides Y and Z. Y is toxic and it causes suffocation and sometimes death. Z is
responsible for global warming.
a. X = C , Y = CO, Z = CO2
EX

b. X = S, Y = SO2, Z = SO3
c. X = P, Y = P203, Z = P2O5
d. X = O, Y = O2, Z = O3

10.The correct sequence of reproductive stages seen in flowering plants is :

a. Gametes, zygote, embryo, seedling
b. Zygote, gametes, embryo, seedling
c. Seedling, embryo, zygote, gametes
d. Gametes, embryo, zygote, seedling

11. In the given diagram, when the magnet is pushed into the solenoid, the
pointer of the galvanometer deflects slightly to the left.

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Which of the following changes would cause the pointer to deflect through a
larger angle?
a. Move the magnet faster.
b. Move the magnet away from the solenoid
c. Unwind some of the turns of the solenoid
d. Keep the magnet stationary

B
12. At the time of short circuit, the electric current in the circuit:
a. vary continuously U
b. doesn’t change
c. reduces substantially
PH
d. increases heavily

13. For a current in a long straight solenoid N-pole and S-pole are created at the
EX

two ends. Among the following statements, the incorrect statement is

a. The field lines inside the solenoid are in the form of straight lines which
indicates that the magnetic field is the same at all points inside the solenoid.
b. The strong magnetic field produced inside the solenoid can be used like soft
iron, when placed inside the coil.
c. The pattern of the magnetic field associated with the solenoid is different
from the pattern of the magnetic around a bar magnet.
d. The N-pole and S-pole exchange position when the direction of current
through the solenoid is reversed.

14. Choose the correct heading for the given below points

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225 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

15. A straight wire is placed between two poles of a magnet as shown in figure.
If an alternating current passing through a wire the wire will

B
a. Move into page only
U
b. Move out of the page only
PH
c. Move out and Into the page
d. Remain stationary
EX

16. A pea plant is represented by Rr. This represents the

a. Genetic composition of an individual
b. Characteristics which are visible in an organism
c. Alternate form of genes
d. None of these

Direction for questions 17 to 20: In Question number 17 to 20, a statement of

Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct
option:

(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R)are true and reason (R) is the correct
explanation of assertion (A)
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R)are true but reason (R) is not the
correct explanation of assertion (A).

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(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false .

(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

17.Assertion (A): Unisexual flowers have separate male and female flowers.
Reason (R): Cucumber, pumpkin and watermelon are the examples of unisexual
flowers.
18.Assertion (A): Lipase helps in emulsification of fats.
Reason (R): Lipase hydrolyses fats and oils.
19.Assertion (A): Fresh milk in which baking soda is added, takes a longer time
to set as curd.
Reason (R): Baking soda decreases the pH value of fresh milk to below 6.

B
20.Assertion (A): In Fleming's left hand rule, the direction of magnetic field,
force and current are mutually perpendicular. U
Reason (R): Fleming's left hand rule is applied to measure the induced current.
PH

Section-B
(Q.no. 21 to 26 are very short answer type questions)
EX

21.Identify the displacement and the double displacement reaction from the
following reactions.
(a) HCI(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H4O (l)
(b) Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq) → FeSO4(aq) + Cu(s)

OR

A teacher provided acetic acid, water, lemon juice, aqueous solution of sodium
hydrogen carbonate and sodium hydroxide to students in the school laboratory
to determine the pH values of these substances using pH papers. One of the
students reported the pH values of the given substances as 3, 12, 4, 8 and 14
respectively. Which one of these values is not correct? Write its correct value
stating the reason.

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227 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

22.DDT was sprayed in a lake to regulate breeding of mosquitoes. How would it

affect the trophic levels in the following food chain associated with a lake?
Justify your answer.

23.(a) Which plant hormone is present in greater concentration in the areas of

rapid cell division?
(b) Give one example of a plant growth promoter and a plant growth inhibitor.

24.Give reasons for the following observations:

B
(a) Ionic compounds in general have high melting and boiling points.
(b) Highly reactive metals cannot be obtained from their oxides by heating them
U
with carbon.

25.Define the term power of accommodation. Write the modification in the

PH
curvature of the eye lens which enables us to see the nearby objects clearly ?
Give relation between power and focal length.
OR
What is a rainbow ? Draw a well labelled diagram to show the formation of a
rainbow.
EX

26.In birds and mammals, the left and right side of the heart are separated. Give
reasons.

Section-C
(Q.no. 27 to 33 are short answer type questions)

27.Identify the acid and base which form sodium hydrogen carbonate. Write a
chemical equation in support of your answer. State whether this compound is
acidic, basic or neutral. Also, write its pH value.

28.Trace the sequence of events which occur when a bright light is focused on
your eyes.
OR

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228 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

List in tabular form three distinguishing features between autotrophic nutrition

and heterotrophic nutrition.

29.(a) How does the food chain differ from a food web?
(b) Make food chains in (i) forest (ii) pond.

30.Draw ray diagrams showing the image formation by a convex mirror when
an object is placed:
(a) at infinity
(b) at finite distance from the mirror

31.Based on the group valency of elements, write the molecular formula of the
following compounds giving justification for each:
(a) Oxides of first group elements.
(b) Halides of the elements of group 13.
(c) Compounds formed when an element A of group 2 combines with an

B
element B of group 17
U
32.Derive an expression for electric energy consumed in a device in terms of V,
I and t, where V is the potential difference applied to it, I is the current drawn by
it and t is the time for which the current flows?
PH

33. (a) What is a solenoid ?

(b) Draw the pattern of magnetic field lines of (i) a current carrying solenoid
and (ii) a bar magnet.
OR
EX

Suppose your parents have constructed a two room house and you want that in
the living room there should be a provision of one electric bulb, one electric fan,
a refrigerator and a plug point for appliances of power upto 2 kilowatt. Draw a
circuit diagram showing electric fuse and earthing as safety devices.

Section-D
(Q.no. 34 to 36 are Long answer type questions)

34.What is sexual reproduction? Explain how this mode of reproduction gives

rise to more viable variations than asexual reproduction. How does this affect
evolution?
OR
(a) What are dominant and recessive traits?

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229 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

(b) "Is it possible that a trait is inherited but may not be expressed in the next
generation?" Give a suitable example to justify this statement.

35.If, in Figure R1 = 10 Ohms, R2 = 40 Ohms, R3= 30 Ohms, R4 = 20 Ohms, Rg

= 60 Ohms and a 12 volt battery is connected to the arrangement, calculate: (a)
the total resistance and (b) the total current flowing in the circuit.

B
36. Why are certain compounds called hydrocarbons? Write the general formula
for homologous series of alkanes, alkenes and alkynes and also draw the
U
structure of the first member of each series. Write the name of the reaction that
converts alkenes into alkanes and also write a chemical equation to show the
necessary conditions for the reaction to occur.
PH
OR
(a) Explain why carbon forms covalent bonds? Give two reasons for carbon
forming a large number of compounds.
(b) Explain the formation of ammonia molecules.
EX

Section-E
(Q.no. 37 to 39 are Case based questions with 2 to 3 short sub-parts.
Internal choice is provided in one of these sub-parts.)

37. A student wants to project the image of a candle flame on the walls of the
school laboratory by using a mirror.
(a) Which type of mirror should he use and why?
(b) At what distance, in terms of focal length 'f of the mirror, should he place
the candle flame to get the magnified image on the wall?
(c) To get the diminished image of the candle flame, where must the object be
placed?
OR
(d) If the image formed by this mirror is inverted and real, then what will be its
magnification?

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38. The growing size of the human population is a cause of concern for all
people. The rate of birth and death in a given population will determine its size.
Reproduction is the process by which organisms increase their population. The
process of sexual maturation for reproduction is gradual and takes place while
general body growth is still going on. Some degree of sexual maturation does
not necessarily mean that the mind or body is ready for sexual act or for having
and bringing up children. Various contraceptive devices are being used by
human beings to control the size of the population.
(a) List two common signs of sexual maturation in boys and girls.
(b) What is the result of reckless female foeticide?
(c) Which contraceptive method changes the hormonal balance of the body?
Give an example of it?
OR
Write two factors that determine the size of a population.

B
U
39. Priyanka performed an experiment to understand that heat is produced when
a few drops of concentrated sulphuric acid is slowly added into a beaker
containing water. For this, she took 10 mL water in a beaker and added a few
PH
drops of concentrated H,SO, to it. Then, she swirled the beaker slowly. During
the process, a vigorous reaction takes place. It is an exothermic process.
(a) Why is it recommended that the acid should be added to water and not water
to the acid?
EX

(b) How will the concentration of hydrogen ions get affected if an acid is
diluted?
(c) What is this process called? Define the process.
OR
If we have hydrochloric acid and acetic acid of equal concentration, which will
be a stronger acid and why?

SOLUTIONS
1.Option (B) is correct. Explanation: (i) Here HCI is oxidised to Cl, and MnO2
is reduced to MnCl2. (ii) The reaction in which oxygen is either gained or
hydrogen is lost by a substance is called oxidation reaction. The reaction in

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which hydrogen is gained or oxygen is lost by a substance is called reduction

reaction.
2.Option (C) is correct. Explanation: The change in colour of the moist litmus
paper in the given set up is due to presence of H+ (aq) in the solution. Sulphuric
acid (H2SO4) is a strong acid because when it is dissolved in an aqueous
solution, it completely dissociates into H+ and HSOF4- ions in the solution.
3.Option (D) is correct. Explanation: Iron is more reactive than copper. Hence,
Cu will not displace iron from iron sulphate, hence, no reaction will take place.
4.Option (B) is correct. Explanation: Option (b) is correct with respect to four
given gases.
5.Option (A) is correct. Explanation: The concentration of free hydrogen ions in
the acetic acid solution was less than in the hydrochloric acid solution and so
the pH was somewhat higher for acetic acid than for hydrochloric acid.

B
6.Option (C) is correct. Explanation: When a piece of magnesium ribbon is
ignited, light and heat are produced. U
7.Option (C) is correct. Explanation: The name of the reaction that converts
alkenes (A) into alkanes (C) is hydrogenation. The conditions which are
necessary for this reaction are the presence of a catalyst Ni and the temperature
PH
should be 423 K.
8.Option (B) is correct. Explanation: The cross-pollination is defined as the
deposition of pollen grains from a flower to the stigma of another flower. It
enables the fusion of two genetically distinct plant characters belonging to the
EX

same species. Therefore, it introduces genetic recombination and variations in

plants due to the fusion of gametes that are genetically distinct.
9.Option (D) is correct. Explanation: When a pure tall plant (TT) is crossed with
a pure dwarf plant(tt), in the F1 generation, tall plants are formed (Tt). When an
F1 plant is subjected to self pollination, in the F generation, 3 tall plants and 1
dwarf plants are formed. In the one homozygous tall plant (TT), 2 heterozygous
tall plants (Tt), and one homozygous dwarf plant (tt) are formed. phenotypic
ratio is 3:1, genotypic ratio is 1:2:1.
10. Option (B) is correct. Explanation: The palisade mesophyll layer is made up
of closely-packed, elongated cells located just below the upper epidermis. They
contain chloroplasts and carry out most of the photosynthesis.
11.Option (D) is correct. Explanation: The figure "C" depicts the phenomenon
of geotropism appropriately. Geotropism is the growth of the parts of plants in
response to the force of gravity. The upward growth of plant shoots is an
instance of negative geotropism while the downward growth of roots is positive
geotropism.

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12.Option (B) is correct. Explanation: Potassium hydroxide (KOH) absorbs all

the available carbon dioxide in the bell jar.
13.Option (B) is correct. Explanation: The thinner or smaller the diameter (cross
sectional area), the greater the resistance. This means that resistance is inversely
proportional to the area of the wire.
14.Option (C) is correct. Explanation: A complete circuit is left on for several
minutes, causing the connecting copper wire to become hot. As the temperature
of the wire increases, the electrical resistance of the wire also increases.
15.Option (B) is correct. Explanation: As per Fleming's left hand rule, the force
acting on the wire perpendicular to the current in the wire and magnetic field.
Hence, there would be two possibilities for the direction of force i.e., upwards
or downwards.
16.Option (D) is correct. Explanation: The magnetic field near a long straight
wire is concentric circles. Their centres lie on the wire. The magnetic field lines

B
of a long straight wire are composed of concentric circles centred around the
wire. The direction of magnetic field lines is given by the right-hand thumb rule.
U
17. Option (C) is correct. Explanation: Decomposition reactions require a
source of energy in the form of heat, light, or electricity to decompose the
PH
compound involved. Hence, it can be concluded that decomposition reactions
are endothermic in nature.
18. Option (A) is correct. Explanation: Height in pea plants is controlled by
efficiency of enzymes and is thus genetically controlled as cellular DNA is the
information source for making proteins in the cell.
EX

19. Option (C) is correct. Explanation: The heart of an amphibian, such as a

frog, has three chambers, one ventricle and two atria.
20. Option (A) is correct. Explanation: A current carrying freely suspended
solenoid behaves just like a bar magnet. Hence, it rests in the North-South
direction exactly in the same manner as a bar magnet does.
21.Excess generation of biodegradable wastes can be harmful as.
1. Its decomposition is a slow process leading to production of foul smell and
gases.
2. It can be the breeding ground for germs that create unhygienic conditions.

22.Calcium hydroxide reacts with carbon dioxide present in the atmosphere to

form calcium carbonate which results in milkiness/white ppt. / Formation of
calcium carbonate.
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2O
OR

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233 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

Fe + HCl → FeCl2/ FeCl3 + H2 (No deduction for balancing/ states)

Zn + HCl → ZnCl2 + H2

23.Dispersion- The splitting of white light into seven colours on passing

through a prism. Velocity is directly proportional to wavelength given constant
frequency. so yellow will have greater wavelength than blue as the velocity of
yellow light is greater than blue.
OR
Angles of deflections of the two prisms need to be equal and opposite. While
the first prism splits the light in the seven colours due to different angles of
deflection, the second prism combines the spectrum along a single ray and the
colours again combine to give white light as the emergent light.

B
24.
U
PH
EX

25. Glucose, amino acids, salts and a major amount of water are selectively
reabsorbed as the urine flows along the tube.
The amount of water reabsorbed depends on how much excess water there is in
the body, and on how much dissolved waste there is to be excreted.

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26. Gallbladder stores bile which helps in emulsification of lipids. In the

absence of stored bile, emulsification of fats will be negligible/ affected/ less
and thus fat digestion will be slow. Hence there are such diet restrictions.

27.Damage to the ozone layer is a cause for concern because the ozone layer
shields the surface of earth from harmful UV radiations from the sun which
cause skin cancer in human beings.
Synthetic chemicals like chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) which are used as
refrigerants and in the fire - extinguishers are the main reason for the depletion
of the ozone layer.
Steps taken to limit this damage - Many developing and developed countries
have signed and are obeying the directions of UNEP (United Nations
Environment Program) to freeze or limit the production and usage of CFCs at
1986 levels.

B
28.(i) Displacement reaction
Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq) → FeSO4(aq) + Cu(s) U
Zn(s) + CuSO4(aq) → ZnSO4(aq) + Cu(s)
Pb(s) + CuCl2(aq) → PbCl2(aq) + Cu(s)
(ii) Double displacement reaction
PH

Na2SO4(aq) + BaCl2(aq) -> BaSO4 (s) + 2NaCl(aq)

29.No photosynthesis will occur so no glucose will be made. Also no respiration

EX

will take place as no oxygen will be taken in.

No transpiration will occur so there would be no upward movement of water or
minerals from the soil as there will be no transpirational pull.
Temperature regulation of leaf surface will be affected.
OR
Lymph carries digested and absorbed fat from the intestine and drains excess
fluid from extracellular space back into the blood.
Blockage of the lymphatic system will lead to water retention and poor fat
absorption in the body.

30.(a) Given, image distance, v = -25cm, focal length, f = 5 cm, magnification,

m =?

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235 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

(b) This is because the least distance of distinct vision is 25 cm.

31.(a) The object has to be placed at a distance between 0 - 40 cm. This is

because the image is virtual, erect and magnified when the object is placed
between F and P.
(b)

B
(c) Used as a shaving mirror or used by dentists to get an enlarged image of
teeth.
U
32.(a) When iron filings are placed in a magnetic field around a bar magnet,
PH
they behave like tiny magnets. The magnetic force experienced by these tiny
magnets makes them rotate and align themselves along the direction of field
lines.
(b) The physical property indicated by this arrangement is the magnetic field
produced by the bar magnet.
EX

(c) Magnetic field lines never intersect, magnetic field lines are closed curves.

OR
(a) The deflection in the compass needle increases as the magnetic field of the
current carrying conductor is directly proportional to current flowing through it.
(b) The deflection in the needle decreases as the magnetic field is inversely
proportional to the perpendicular distance from the wire.

33.(a) Anode: Chlorine; Cathode: Hydrogen

(b) Chlor-alkali process as the products obtained are alkali, chlorine gas and
hydrogen gas.
(c) 2NaCl(aq) + 2H2O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + Cl2(g) + H2 (g)

34.(a) A - Ethanoic acid/ Or any other carboxylic acid, C- Sodium salt of

ethanoic acid/ any other carboxylic acid/ sodium ethanoate.
(b) Use of A-dil. solution used as vinegar in cooking/ preservative in pickles
Use of B-making perfumes, flavouring agent

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236 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

(c)

OR
(a) Sulphuric acid acts as a dehydrating agent.

(b) By reaction with sodium carbonate/ bicarbonate with the samples, ethanol
will not react whereas ethanoic acid gives brisk effervescence.

B
35.(a) All spaces are connected in parallel.
U
(b) Let Resistance of Space 5 and 4 be R ohms respectively
Resistance of Space 1 = 2 R ohms
PH
Resistance of Space 2 = 30 ohms
Resistance of Space 3 = 20 ohms
Current = 22 A V= 220 V
Total Resistance= V/I
EX

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237 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

36.(a) The reason is that many multicellular organisms are not simply a random
collection of cells. Specialised cells are organised as tissues, and tissues are
organised into organs, which then have to be placed at definite positions in the
body. Therefore, cell-by-cell division would be impractical.
(b) Sexual maturation of reproductive tissues is a necessary link for
reproduction because of the need for specialised cell called germ-cells to
participate in sexual reproduction. The body of the individual organism has to
grow to its adult size, the rate of general body growth begins to slow down,
reproductive tissues begin to mature.
A whole new set of changes in the appearance of the body takes place like
change in body proportions, new features appear. This period during
adolescence is called puberty.
There are also changes taking place that are different between boys and girls. In
girls, breast size begins to increase, with darkening of the skin of the nipples at

B
the tips of the breasts. Also, girls begin to menstruate at around this time. Boys
begin to have new thick hair growth on the face and their voices begin to crack
U
OR
(a) If the niche were drastically altered, the population could be wiped out.
However, if some variations were to be present in a few individuals in these
PH
populations, there would be some chance for them to survive. Variation is thus
useful for the survival of species over time.
(b) 1.The lining of the uterus thickens and is richly supplied with blood to
nourish the growing embryo.
2.The embryo gets nutrition from the mother's blood with the help of placenta.
EX

It is embedded in the uterine wall.

3.It contains villi on the embryo's side of the tissue. On the mother's side are
blood spaces, which surround the villi.
4.This provides a large surface area for glucose and oxygen to pass from the
mother to the embryo. The developing embryo will also generate waste
substances which can be removed by transferring them into the mother's blood
through the placenta.
5. The child is born as a result of rhythmic contractions of the muscles in the
uterus.

37. (a) Rusting occurs in both A and B so there is an increase in mass.

As the surface area of B is more, the extent of rusting is more.
(b) Galvanization
Oiling/ greasing/ painting/ alloying/ chromium plating or any other
OR
C - Iron hinges on a gate.
Iron is in contact with both atmospheric oxygen and moisture/ water vapor.

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238 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

38. (a) Convex lens

(b) Negative as the image is real and inverted
(c) 1/f = 1/v – 1/u

OR

B
U
PH
EX

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239 EXPHUB 9th & 10th – an Initiative by your Prashant Bhaiya

B
U
PH

-from the team of ExpHub

EX

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