System description

Title: Waste treatment system DocID: DAAB863064

Revision: -
Created by: Peter Sjöblom / 11-Feb-2006 Status: Approved
Approved by: Solomon Essuon-Bonney / 18-Dec-2006 Pages: 1 (5)
Power Plants Project: P/06020 - Kampot Power Plant
Description: System description

Waste treatment system

Table of contents
1. Oily water treatment system ............................................................................2
1.1 Design..........................................................................................................2
1.2 Function ......................................................................................................2
1.2.1 Oily water collection and storage system............................................................ 2
1.2.2 Oily water treatment and sludge storage ........................................................... 2
1.2.3 Disposal .............................................................................................................. 3
1.3 Control/monitoring .....................................................................................3

2. System components.........................................................................................4
2.1 Oily water transfer / Sludge loading pump units .....................................4
2.2 Oily water buffer tank .................................................................................4
2.3 Oily water treatment unit............................................................................5
2.4 Sludge tank .................................................................................................5
2.4.1 Draining of sludge tank ....................................................................................... 5

Reference documents Reference Document id

Main flow diagram (D) 7A 037 01 DAAB593911
Instruction manual (DBB 901) 7A 037 01
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1. OILY WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

1.1 Design
The purpose of the system is to collect and treat oily water as well as other
contaminated effluents, such as boiler washing water. After treatment the clean
water can be discharged to a water sewage system and the sludge is collected for
further disposal.
The oily water treatment system can be divided into three sections or sub-
systems: the oily water collection and storage system, the oily water treatment
and sludge storage system, and the disposal system.
The collection system consists of drain pits that collect the discharge from
several locations, such as the separator units, the tank farm drains, floor drains
in the power house, and floor drains in the workshop.
The drain pit transfer system consists of air driven membrane pumps that are
manually operated
The oily water buffer tank is a heated tank storing the oily water while waiting
for final treatment in the oily water treatment unit. The tank is also equipped
with a level indicator and with level switches for low and high level alarm.
The oily water is treated in the oily water treatment system to clean the water
fraction in order to allow its discharge to the nature while the separated bottom
solids and lighter oily sludge is pumped to the sludge tank.

1.2 Function
1.2.1 Oily water collection and storage system
As mentioned in the previous chapter, oil-contaminated discharge is collected in
the drain pits in several locations. Automatic transfer pumps empty these drain
pits and transfer the oily water into the oily water buffer tank. If the pumped
substance is mainly oil or fuel, it can be pumped directly to the sludge tank. This
is also done in case of a malfunction in the treatment system.
Occasionally also limited amounts of contaminated rainwater from tank areas
can be collected for treatment in the oily water system.
It is important to keep tank areas and especially their rainwater channels and
sumps free from oil in order to avoid contamination of rainwater, with excessive
treatment as a consequence. It is also necessary to regularly remove solid build-
ups and foreign objects from channels and sump bottoms to ensure a proper
function of pumps and treatment equipment. All draining valves from tank
areas (tank draining sumps/funnels and channel connections to rainwater drain
and oily water sump) should be kept closed whenever they are unused or
unsupervised.
1.2.2 Oily water treatment and sludge storage
The oily water feed pump connected to the oily water buffer tank is controlled
from the oily water treatment unit. The control is normally in auto position,
which means that the feed pump and treatment unit starts and stops
automatically. If the ready signal from the oily water treatment unit drops
off, a fault situation has risen and pump is stopped.
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In case the oily water buffer tank is loaded with high amounts of oil or if the oily
water treatment unit is under maintenance, it is sometimes better to pump the
oily water directly to the sludge tank. This operation is to be done under
controlled conditions. If the oily water is transferred directly to sludge tank the
feed transfer pump will start and stop as following:
1. The signal .WS-Line OK to start must be on (meaning that the level must
be over low level in the oily water buffer tank and under high level in the
sludge tank). The pump will stop if the signal is not on.
2. The feed transfer will start when the signal .WS-Line start request. is
going from off to on. This signal can be either a manual start from the
control room, a high level switch, or a percentage setting of level sensor.
The pump can also be started via the control panel.
The sludge tank is used to store the sludge discharged from the treatment unit,
or oil/fuel pumped directly from the pits, before it is transferred from the site.
1.2.3 Disposal
The sludge is unloaded from the sludge tank to a tanker truck by a manually
operated pump unit.
When sludge is unloaded to the tanker truck and the control is set to automatic,
the sludge loading pump unit is started and stopped automatically by level
switches in the sludge tank.

1.3 Control/monitoring
Local control panels that are part of the sludge system:
 Tank panel ................................. BJU 901
 Oily water treatment unit………BJR 901
The supervision of the system includes several units and a number of tanks.
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2. SYSTEM COMPONENTS
The system components described in this section are mainly those components
or modules installed for the oily water treatment system.
The following modules are included:
 Oily water collecting sumps
 Boiler washing water tank DAD 905(CA supply)
 Oily water transfer pump units DAD 901-905
 Sludge loading pump unit DDD 901
 Oily water buffer tank DAB 901(CA supply)
 Oily water treatment unit DBB 901
 Sludge tank DDB 901(CA supply)

2.1 Oily water transfer / Sludge loading pump units

Reference: Main flow diagram (D)

The oily water transfer pump is a membrane pump, installed on a skid together
with valves and an air supply unit.
The pump is operated by working air and is activated manually.

2.2 Oily water buffer tank

Reference: Main flow diagram (D)

Oily water from various sources is collected into this tank before it is transferred
to the treatment system. The tank is equipped with a heater. The purpose of the
oily water buffer tank is to work as a buffer volume before the oily water
treatment system. This means that the tank volume is used to equalise changes
in the incoming flow and it will also work as an intermediate storage volume in
case of for example spill situations with bigger amounts of polluted rainwater.
The tank is equipped with a mixer which, together with the minimum oily water
volume always kept at the bottom of the tank, equalises fluctuations in the
composition of the incoming oily water. The oily water buffer tank is also
equipped with heater. Its purpose is to keep the oily water temperature at an
optimum level.
A thick layer of free oil forms at the surface of the tank, which disturbs the oily
water treatment process when the buffer tank level is low and excess oil is
mixed into the water. In such cases, the rest of the content in the oily water tank
must be pumped directly to the sludge tank instead of the oily water treatment
system. Excess water must be drained and returned to the oily water system.

 NOTE!
The oily water buffer tank is not drained during normal operation. Draining is only
done in situations when the tank is to be completely emptied due to planned
inspection or repair.
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2.3 Oily water treatment unit

Reference: Instruction manual (DBB 901)

 NOTE!
The oily water treatment unit is manufactured by Senitec. Please refer to the
instructions supplied by the manufacturer.

2.4 Sludge tank

Reference: Main flow diagram (D)

The tank is equipped with high and high-high level switches and a steam
heater. The sludge tank has two functions. The main function is to work as
sludge storage before transport or utilization and the second function is to work
as a last separation step for the de-watering of the sludge. The big tank volume
gives a long sludge residence (separation) time before transport or use. Water
content in sludge can be minimised by regular draining of separated water from
the bottom of the sludge tank back to the oily water sump for further treatment.
The draining should be performed always before loading the sludge for
transport.
Depending on the solid content in the sludge, there are some build-ups of solids
at the tank bottom. At least an annual cleaning of the tank bottom is needed to
ensure that the heating system works properly. Heating of the sludge to about
50-60 °C normally ensures that the sludge can be pumped. It also enhances de-
watering. De-watering is done manually to the oily water sump under
continuous observation by the tank drain valve. Always keep the drain line
valves closed between draining to prevent oil to leak out from the tank area in
case of a big spill situation.
2.4.1 Draining of sludge tank
If the plant burns only normal HFO, the only concern during the sludge tank
draining is to avoid access of the oily sludge back to the OWT system, that is, it
is necessary to follow the draining and close the drain valves immediately when
the effluent becomes oily sludge instead of water.