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IP Addressing

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9 views30 pages

IP Addressing

Uploaded by

emmanuelcuello243
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ITEC 90

NETWORK
FUNDAMENTA
LS ROI M. FRANCISCO
INSTRUCTOR
IP Address
(Internet Protocol address)
▶ The address of a connected device in an IP network
(TCP/IP network), which is the worldwide standard
both in-house and on the Internet.
▶ Every desktop and laptop computer, server, scanner,
printer, modem, router, smartphone, tablet and smart
TV is assigned an IP address, and every IP packet
traversing an IP network contains a source IP
address and a destination IP address.
▶ IP version 4 is 32 bits long.
▶ The maximum value of a number that can be
formed by using 32 bits is 2³².
▶ So, the maximum number of IPv4 addresses is
4,294,967,296 addresses i.e. 2³² addresses.
▶ It consists of four octets each of which can contain
one to three digits ranging from 0 to 255 separated
by a single dot(.).
▶ Here, each number is the decimal
representation(base-10) for an 8 digit binary
number(base-2).
Public and Private
Addresses
▶ A non-Internet facing IP address on an internal
network.
▶ Private IP addresses are provided by network
devices, such as routers, using
network address translation (NAT).
▶ Private IP addressing uses addresses from the
class C range reserved for NAT (192.168. 0.0 –
192.168. 255.255).
Public and Private Addresses
Static and Dynamic IP
▶ Network infrastructure devices such as servers, routers
and firewalls are typically assigned permanent "static"
IP addresses.
▶ The client machines can also be assigned static IPs by a
network administrator, but most often are automaticall
y assigned "dynamic" IP addresses via software in the r
outer.
▶ Internet service providers may change the IPs in the m
odems of their home users here and there, but business
users must have consistent "static" IPs for servers that f
ace the public.
The Dotted Decimal Address:
x.x.x.x
▶ IP addresses are written in "dotted decimal" notation,
which is four sets of numbers separated by decimal
points; for example, 204.171.64.2.
▶ Instead of the domain name of a website, the actual I
P address can be entered into the browser.
▶ However, the Domain Name System (DNS) exists so
users can enter computerlanguage.com instead of an
IP address, and the domain (the URL) computerlangu
age.com is converted to the numeric IP address.
Example of an IPv4
address: 63.171.234.171
IP Address Classes
IP Address Classes
▶ Class A ▶ Class B
▶ N.H.H.H ▶ N.N.H.H
▶ 1-126 ▶ 128-191
▶ 0 can not be used as Net ID ▶ The first IP Address is
▶ 127 is reserved for loop the NET ID
back functions ▶ The last IP Address is the
▶ 126 Different Networks Broadcast Address
▶ 16.777.214 Hosts per ▶ 16.384 Different Networks
Network ▶ 65543 Hosts per Network
IP Address Classes
▶ Class C CLASS D – Used for
▶ N.N.N.H multicast broadcasts

▶ 192-223
▶ The first IP Address CLASS E – Experimental
is the NET ID addresses not available
to the public
▶ The last IP Address is
the Broadcast Address
▶ 2.097.152 Different
Networks
▶ 254 Hosts per
Network
SUBNET MASKING
▶Smaller broadcast domains
▶ More manageable networks
▶ Save IP Addresses

Default Subnet Mask


▶ CLASS A - 255.0.0.0
▶ CLASS B - 255.255.0.0
▶ CLASS C - 255.255.255.0
SUBNET MASKING
4000 Hosts
NET ID – 190.100.0.0
CLASS B
212=4096
D.S.M - 255.255.0.0
255.255.11110000.00
000000
255.255.240.0 is the Subnet
256-240 = 16
SUBNET MASKING
▶ Subnet Mask is 255.255.240.0
▶ 190.100.16.1 - 190.100.31.254
▶ 190.100.32.1 - 190.100.47.254
▶ 190.100.48.1 - ……………….
▶ NetID
▶190.100.16.0
▶190.100.32.0
▶Broadcast
▶190.100.31.255
▶190.100.47.255
How to identify the IP
class from a given IP
address?
You can do it by looking at the first octet of the IP address.
Convert the dotted-decimal IP address to its binary
equivalent.

▶ If it begins with 0, then it’s a Class A network.


▶ If it begins with 10, then it’s a Class B network.
▶ If it begins with 110, then it’s a Class C network.
▶ If it begins with 1110, then it’s a Class D
network.
▶ If it begins with 1111, then it’s a Class E
network.
REVIEW
PRACTICE
ACTIVITY
Binary To Decimal Conversion
Decimal To Binary Conversion
Address Class Identification
Network & Host Identification
Circle the network portion Circle the host portion
of these addresses: of these addresses:
Network Addresses
Using the IP address and subnet mask shown write out the network
address:
Host Addresses
Using the IP address and subnet mask shown write out the host
address:
Default Subnet Masks
Write the correct default subnet mask for each of the following
addresses:
END OF PRESENTATION…..

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