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Major Applications of Bioinformatics

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13 views7 pages

Major Applications of Bioinformatics

Uploaded by

saurabhgupta0088
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Major Applications of Bioinformatics

Bioinformatics is driving advancements in various


fields within life sciences.

It is making waves in :
1. Genomics
2. Protein Modelling
3. Comparative Genomics
4. Metagenomics
5. Pharmacogenomics
6. Future Applications

Let us learn more about each of them.

Alt text: Scientists working on DNA


1. Genomics
Structure, Function, and Evolution:
• Genomics looks at the entire DNA code to
understand how living things are built, what they
do and how they have changed over time.

Detecting Expression Patterns


• It studies how genes react to changes and
diseases by looking at the amount of RNA and
proteins present.
Regulation Mechanisms
Alt text: DNA and gene encoding
• Bioinformatics helps explore things that control
how genes work, affecting how cells and tissues
grow and function.
2. Protein Modelling
Predicting Structure:
• Protein Modelling uses computers to predict the three-dimensional structure of
proteins. The 3D structure will help us understand the protein’s function.
Functional Insights:
• This application suggests how proteins interact, fold and carry out different activities
in living things.

Alt text: Protein structure levels


3. Comparative Genomics
Identifying Differences:
• Comparing the genes of different
species to find out what is similar,
what is different and how the genes
are arranged.

Evolutionary Studies:
• Comparative genomics is used in the
field of evolutionary studies to study
how genes shape the differences and
special abilities of various living things Alt text: Scientist comparing two DNAs
over time.
4. Metagenomics
This field of bioinformatics analyses the collective genetic material of all organisms
within a particular environment, like a sample of soil, water or even the human gut
microbiome.
Broad Environmental Surveys: Analyse components from an environmental sample
and can include genetic material collected from the environment, biochemicals and
non-biological components.
Biodiversity Exploration: Even a tiny bit of soil can have lots of different microbes – up
to 500,000 species! This helps us see how diverse environments are.

Alt text: Metagenomic analysis


5. Pharmacogenomics
Personalised Medicine:
• This application of bioinformatics studies
how genes affect and respond to drugs,
helping doctors give treatments that are
just right for the person.

Drug Development:
• Pharmacogenomics uses bioinformatics
to understand genetic differences in
persons that can influence responses to
drugs. This knowledge can contribute to
targeted drug therapies.

Alt text: Targeting patient's genome


for personalised healthcare
6. Future Applications
AI & Machine Learning:
• Utilise smart computer programs to
make better predictions and analyse
data.
Multi-Omics Integration:
• Combines multiple levels of biological
data ('omics' data) to get a complete
picture of how living things work.
3D Structural Analysis:
• This technique uses fancy tools to
understand how tiny parts of living
Alt text: AI doctors examining patients and
things are put together and work.
doing research

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