PHYSICS :: WAVE OPTICS

1. Consider interference between two sources of intensities I and 4I. obtain intensities at points where the
phase difference is & 𝜋?
a) 5I b) 5I,2I c) 2I,5I d) I,5I
2. The two coherent sources of monochromatic light of wavelength 𝛌 are located at a separation 𝛌 the two
sources are placed on a horizontal line and screen is placed perpendicular to the line joining the sources
Find position of the farthest minima from the centre of the sources?
a)600 b) 300 c) 450 d) 900
3. Two slits in young’s interference experiment have width in the ratio 1:4 Find the ratio of intensity at the
maxima and minima in their interference?
a)27/8 b) 8/27 c) 9/1 d) 4/9
4. A beam of light consisting of two wave lengths 6500 Åand 5200 A0 is used to obtain interference fringes
in a young’s double slit experiment find the distance of the third bright fringe on the screen from the
central maximum for the wavelength 6500Å
a) 1.17x10-3m b) 2.27x10-4m c) 1.87x10-3 m d) 2.20x10-3m
5. Plane microwaves are incident on a long slit having a width of 5.0cm calculate the wavelength of the
microwaves if the first diffraction minimum is formed at 𝜃=300?
a) 1.5cm b) 3.5cm c) 2cm d) 2.5cm
6. Light of wavelength 560nm goes through a pinhole of diameter 0.20 mm and falls on a wall at a distance
of 2.00 m.what will be the radius of the central bright spot formed on the wall?
a)0.68cm b) 1.28cm c) 0.24 cm d) 2.24 cm
7.Each of the four pairs of light waves arrives at a certain point on a screen. The waves have the same
wavelength. At the arrived point,their amplitudes and phase differences are?
(a)2a0,6a0 and 𝜋 rad (b) 3a0,5a0 and 𝜋 rad
(c) 9a0,7a and 3𝜋 rad (d) 2a0,2a0 and 0
The pairs which has greatest intensity is are
(a)I (b) II (C) II,III (d) I,IV
8. Light appears to travel in straight lines since
(a) it not absorbed by the atmosphere (b) it is reflected by the atmosphere
(c) its wavelength is very small (d) its velocity is very large
9. On a rainy day, a small oil film on water show brilliant colours this is due to
(a)dispersion of light
(b) interference of light
(c) absorption of light
(d) scattering of light
10. In the figure is shown young’s double slit experiment Q is the position of the first bright fringe on the
right side of O,P is the 11th fringe on the other side,as measured from q. if the wavelength of the light used is
6000x10-10m,then S1 B will be equal to
 (a) 6x10-6m (b) 6.6x10-6m (c) 3.138x10-7m (d) 3.144x10-7m
11. In young’s double slit experiment intensity at a point is (1/4) of the maximum intensity. Angular position
of this point is (separation between slits is d)
(a)sin-1(𝛌/d ) (b) sin-1(𝛌/2d) (c) sin-1(𝛌/3d) (d) sin-1(𝛌/4d )
12. In young’s double slit experiment if the incident light consists of two wavelengths 𝛌1and 𝛌2,the slit
separation is d and the distance between the slit and the screen is D the maxima due to the two wave lengths
will consider at a distance from the central maxima given by

(a) (b) (𝛌1 -𝛌2,). (c) Lcm of 𝛌1 . and 𝛌2 . (d) HCF of and

13. Two coherent sources separated by distance d are radiating in phase having wavelength 𝛌.A detector
moves in a big circle around the two sources in the plane of the two sources. The angular position of n=4
interference maxima is given as

(a) sin-1 (b) cos-1 (c) Tan-1 (d) cos-1

14. Two polaroid’s are placed in the path of unpolarized beam of intensity I0such that no light is emitted
from the second polaroid if a third polaroid whose polarization axis makes an angle 𝜃with the polarization
axis of first polaroid, is placed between these polaroids then the intensity of light emerging from the last
polaroid will be

(a) ( )sin22𝜃 (b) ( )sin22𝜃 (c) ( )cos 42𝜃 (d)I0 COS4𝜃

15. Statement -1: No interference pattern is detected when two coherent sources are infinitely close to
each other
Statement -2 : The fringe width is inversely proportional to the distance between the two sources
(a) Both statements are true and statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement 1
(b) Both statements are true but statement 2 is not the correct explanation of statement-1
(c) statement 1 is true but statement 2 is false
(d) Both are false
16. In double silt arrangement ,the source S is not symmetrically placed from the slits. It is located as shown in
the figure. Find the position of the zero order maxima from the Centre of the screen. The separation
between slits and screen is D(d<<D)?

(a) (√2 − 1)D b) (1-√3)D c) (√3-1)D d)(√3-√2)D

17. A beam of electron is used in an YDSE experiment the slit width is d when the velocity of electron is
increased then
(a) no interference is observed (b) fringe width increase (c) fringe width decrease
 18. In young’s double –slit experiment with slit separation 0.1mm, one observes a bright fringe at angle 1/40
rad by using the light of wavelength𝜆1 . when the light of wavelength 𝜆2 is used a bright fringle is seen
at the same angle in the same setup. Give that 1 and 2 are in the visible range (380 nmto 740 nm) ,their
values are?
(a) 400 nm,500 nm (b) 625 nm,500 nm (c) 380 nm,525 nm (d) 380 nm,500nm
19. In young’s double –slit experiment, the path difference, at a certain point on the screen between two
interfering eaves is (1/8th ) of wavelength. The ratio of the intensity at this point to that at the centre of a
bright triangle is close to
(a) 0.80 (b) 0.94 (c) 0.85 (d) 0.74
20. Calculate the limit of resolution of a telescope objective having a diameter of 200cm, if it has to detect
light of wavelength 500 nm coming from a star
(a) 610 x 10-9 radian (b) 1525 x 10-9 radian
(c) 457.5 x10-9 radian (d) 305 x 10-9 radian
. 21. In YDSE using monochromatic light, the fringe pattern shifts by a certain distance on the screen when a
Mica sheet of refractive index 1.6 and thickness1.964 micron is introduced in the path of one of
interfering waves. The mica sheet is then removed and the distance between the slits and screen is
doubled. It is found that the distance between successive maxima ( or minima) now is the same as the
Observed fringe shifts on the introduction of mica sheet. Caluculate the wavelength of the
monochromatic light in A0. Is used in the experiment.
22. I n a modified YDSEthe region between screen and slits is immersed in a liquid whose refractive index
varies with time as µt=( )-( ) until it reaches a steady state value of ( ). A glass plate of thickness 36 µm
and refractive index is introduced infront of one of the slits.Find the time when it is at point O,located
symmetrically on the x-axis.?
23. There are two sources kept at distances 2𝛌. A large screen is perpendicular to line joining the sources
number of maxima’s on the screen in this case is (𝛌=wavelength of light)

24. In an interference pattern ,at point there observe 16th order maximum for 𝛌1 =6000 A0 what order will
be visible here if the source is replaced by light of wavelength 𝛌2 = 4800A0?
25. A two slit young’s experiment is done with monochromatic light of wave length 6000 A. the slits are
2mm apart and the fringes are observed on a screen placed 10cm away from the slits. Now a
transparent path of thickness 0.5 mm is placed in from of one of the slits and it is found that the
interference pattern shifts by 5 mm. what is the refractive index of the transparent plate to a near
integer?
26 . Angular width of central maximum in the fraunhoffer diffraction pattern of a slit is measured. The slit
is illuminated by light of wavelength 6000A0 .when the slit is illuminated by light of another
wavelength ,angular the angular width decreases by 30% calculate the wavelength of this light?
27. Consider the three wave represented by

Y1 = 3 sin (kx-𝜔𝑡)
 Y2 =3 sin (kx—𝜔𝑡+ )

Y2=3 sin( kx- 𝜔𝑡+ )

The amplitude of resultant of waves at x =0 is

28. In double slit experiment green light (5303 A0) falls on a double slit having a separation of 19.44m and
a width of 4.05m. the number of bright fringes between the first and second diffraction minima is
29. In an interference experiment the ratio of amplitudes of coherent waves is (a1/a2)=(1/3). The ratio of
maximum and minimum intensities of fringes will be?
30. In young’s double –slit experiment, the ratio of the slit’s width is 4:1 the ratio of the intensity of
maxima to minima, close to the central triangle on the screen, will be, value of x is?

(a) (√3+1)4.16 (b) 9:1 (c) 25:9 (d) 4:1

KEY

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
b a c a d a d c b a
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
c c b a a a c b c d
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
5892 4 3 20 1 4200 0 5 4 9

Hints& solutions
1. We know that resultant intensity
IR = I1 +I2 +2 𝐼 𝐼 cos∅
For ∅ = ; IR = I + 4I +2 𝐼 𝑋4𝐼 cos =5I

For ∅ =𝜋; IR = I+4I +2√I𝑋4𝐼cos 𝜋

5I -4I =I
2. Suspose at p the farthest minima will occur let it subtends an angle 𝜃 at the centre of the sources

The path difference Δx = S2P-S1P

 = dcos𝜃
= 𝛌 cos𝜃
The maximum path difference can be
∆𝑥max = 𝛌; when cos𝜃=1 or 𝜃=00
and minimum path difference
∆𝑥m = 0; when cos𝜃=0 or 𝜃 = 900

Thus in between these two postions there is only one minima for which ∆x= . Thus

= 𝛌 cos𝜃

Cos𝜃 =

𝜃 =600

3.The intensity of the waves is proportional to the area of the slit. Thus 𝐼 /𝐼 =𝑏 l/𝑏 l =

If a1and a2 are the amplitudes of the waves, then

𝐼 /𝐼 =𝑎 /𝑎 =

a  a 
2

The ratio = 1 22
 a1  a2 
1  2 
2

= =
1  2 
2

4. For bright fringe yn =

For third bright n=3

 y3 =

= 3x
120 X 10  X 6500 x10
2 10

2 X 103
=1.17X 103 m


5. sin  
d
𝜃 = 300
𝑠𝑖𝑛300=
𝛌=5X
2.5cm

6. R= 1.22
 . ( )
= .
=0.68cm

7. I1 =(2a0)2 + (6a0)2 + 2X2a0x6a0cos𝜋

16 a02
I2 =(3a0)2 +(5a0)2+2X3a0x5a0cos𝜋
= 4 a0 a0

I 3  (9a0 ) 2  (7a0 ) 2  2  9a0  7 a0 cos3

 4a0 2

I 4  (2a0 ) 2  (2a0 ) 2  2  2a0  2a0 cos 0

 16a0 2

8. Its wave length is very small.

9. Interference of light .
10. Path difference ,S1B = ∆x=n𝜆.
As Pis the position of 11thfringe from Q,so from Q it will be 10
 ∆𝑥 = n𝜆 = 10x6000x10-10
= 6x10-6 m
11.If a is the amplitude of the wave then
( Imax)/4 =a2 =a2+a2 +2aacos∅
Or cos∅ =
Or ∅ =
Corresponding path difference,
∅𝑥𝜆
∆𝑥 =
2𝜋
/ )
= =
So d sin𝜃 =
Or 𝜃 =sin-1( ).

nD1 ( n  1) D2
12. yn  
d d

13 Cos-1

I0
14. Sin 2 2
8

15. 𝛽= .when d 0, 𝛽∞,and so fringes will not be seen over the screen

16.∆𝑥=(SS2+S2P)-(SS1+S1P)
= -(SS1-SS2) +(S2P-S1P)
 =-(√2𝑑 − 𝑑)+dsin𝜃
For small 𝜃, sin𝜃=tan𝜃=y0/d

∆𝑥 =-(√2𝑑 −d)+dy0/d
For zero order maxima,∆𝑥=0

Or 0= -(√2 𝑑 −d)+dy0/D

Y0=(√2-1)D
h
17.   , so with the increase in velocity of the electron wavelength decreases , and so fringe width
mv
decreases
18. Path difference = dsin𝜃=dx𝜃=(0.1mm)
(1/40)=2.5X10-3mm=2500nm
For bright fringes ,path difference =n𝜆
So,2500= n𝜆1=m 𝜆2
n=4, m=5
0r 𝜆1=2500/4=625 nm
𝜆2=2500/5 =500 nm
625 nm, 500 nm
19. The phase difference between two waves is given by
(∆𝑥)x(2π/ 𝜆)=( 𝜆/8) x(2π/ 𝜆)= π/4
So, the intensity at this point is

I= I 0 cos2(∅/2)

I= I 0 cos2(π/8)

I  I 0 (0.9238) 2

I
 0.853
I0

20. The limit of resolution,

𝜃∆=1.22 = [(1.22𝑋500𝑋10-19)/(200X10-2)]=3.05X10-7raddian=305x10-9 radian

305x10-9radian

21.The shift produced in the fringes is

∆= (𝜇 − 1)𝑡

When distance between slits and screen is doubled the length width
( )
𝛽=
According to the given condition

( )
(𝜇 − 1)t=
( )
 𝛌=

( . ) . 106
=

=5982A0
22.

TheopticalpathdifferencebetweenlightsstartfromS1andS2 𝜇 t
∆𝑥 = [𝑆2liquidp+(𝜇 g- 𝜇 t)t]-(s1p)liquid
=(s2p-s1p)liquid +(𝜇 g –𝜇 t)t
=𝜇 I=(s2p-s1p)air+( 𝜇 g- 𝜇 t)t
y
x  t  (  g  l )t
D
For central maxima, x  0
dy
(or) 0  l  (  g   l )t
D
Which given
 D(  g  l )t
y
d l
 3  5 T 
D      l
  2  2 4 
5 T 
d  
2 4 
 T
D 1   t
D(4  T )
 
4

 5 T  d (10  T )
d  
2 4 
T  4S

23. xmax  0, xmax  2

Theoritical maximas are = 2n+1

=2x2+1=5
But on the screen there will be 3 maximas
24. The distance of nth maximum from central maxima is given by

Yn = n
For Yn to be constant, n𝜆 = 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑢𝑠
n1𝜆1 = n2 𝜆2

n2=n1 𝜆1/ 𝜆2 = =20

25. Given d=2 x10-3 m,D=10x10-2m D=5x10-3 m.

The displacement of fringe pattern is given by ∆=
( )
∆=

Or 5x10-3 =10x10-2(μ-1)X0.5x10-3/2x10-3
𝜇 = 1.2
26. The angular width of central maxima is,

For two wavelengths 1 and 2 , we have

1 1

 2 2
 6000

0.70 2
2  4200A0

27. Phase difference between every two waves is 1200. So resultant amplitude=0
28. 𝜆g=5303 Å,d=19.44 m,a=4.05 m
For diffraction location of first minima and second minima
Y1=D𝜆/a, y2=2D𝜆/a
Y2 –y1=(2D𝜆/a)-(D𝜆/a)=D𝜆/a
𝛽 =D𝜆/d
=(D𝜆/𝑎) 𝑋(𝑑/D𝜆)
= d/a
= 19.44/4.05=5

29. (a1/a2)=(1/3)
Imax =a1+a2
Imin=a1-a2
(Imax/Imin)=[(a1+a2)2/(a1-a2)2)]=[(1+1/3)2/(1-1/3)2]=(4/2)2=4
30. I1=4I0
I2=I0

Imax =(√I +√I )2

=
(2√I +√I )2

Imin =(√I +√I )2

=(2√I -√I )2=9I0

Imin =(√I -√I )2

=(2√I -√I )2=I0

(Imax/Imin)=9/1