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Social Ent. PPT 2

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46 views30 pages

Social Ent. PPT 2

Uploaded by

Rishi Raj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Social Entrepreneurship

Definitions of Social Entrepreneurship


Defining SE

• Social entrepreneurship has been defined in multiple ways


• With focus on social enterprises
• With focus on social entrepreneurs and their defining traits
• With focus on process of social entrepreneurship
• With focus on the operating sectors (for both the social and
the business part)
Schools of Thoughts

• The Innovation School of Thought


• The Business School of Thought
• The Community School of Thought.
• (Earned Revenues School of Thought)
• (Shared Ownership School of Thought)
Schools of Thoughts

• The Innovation School of Thought


• The Business School of Thought
• The Community School of Thought.
• (Earned Revenues School of Thought)
• (Shared Ownership School of Thought)
The Innovation School of Thought
The innovation school of thought
• Highly influenced by and largely based on Schumpeterian tradition
• Joseph Schumpeter : Constructive Destruction
• Replacing the old with new (innovation)
• (Traditional) entrepreneurs are responsible for guiding the market and society forward
through innovation.
• Innovation for him was any new step/measure/decision that can help reduce the overall
cost of production or can increase the demand for the products (increasing profit)
The innovation school of thought
• The focus remains on the individual social entrepreneurs
• Social entrepreneurs are seen as the innovators that would establish
non-profit corporations to cause impact on the social inequality and justice
etc and transform the social paradigm in the long run.
• It can be traced to the principles promoted and followed by organizations
such as Ashoka, the Skoll Foundation, and Echoing Green.
• In the works of academics such as Gregory Dees.
“ Social entrepreneurs are the individuals with innovative
solutions to society’s most pressing social, cultural, and
environmental challenges. Social entrepreneurs are ambitious
and persistent – tackling major issues and offering new ideas for
systems-level change ”
-Ashoka
https://www.ashoka.org/en-in/focus/social-entrepreneurship
“ one species in the genus entrepreneur …. They play the role of change agents in the
social sector, by: Adopting a mission to create and sustain social value (not just
private value),
Recognizing and relentlessly pursuing new opportunities to serve that mission,
Engaging in a process of continuous innovation, adaptation, and learning,
Acting boldly without being limited by resources currently in hand, and
Exhibiting a heightened sense of accountability to the constituencies served and
for the outcomes created. ”
-Dees (1998)
The innovation school of thought
• Partners in Health founded by Paul Farmer and others (Jim Yong Kim,
Ophelia Dahl, Thomas J. White, and Todd McCormack )
• (Documentary: Bending the Arc)
• Preferential medical services to poor (who have no recourse to any of it due
to many socio-political and economical factors)
• Present in around 10 countries with 3 million outpatient visits in
supported clinics
• Over 2.2 million home visits conducted by community health workers.
Ashoka
The Skoll Foundation
Bending the Arc
The Business school of thought
The Business School of Thought

• The focus is more on the organisation than the individuals


• Social enterprises are the organisation with the goal to create the social
or/and environmental impact
• According to BST, social enterprises could be (are) for-profit
businesses operating in any sector and are subject to market
mechanisms but pursuing a double or triple bottom line.
The Business School of Thought

• Even though it leaves open the possibility that these enterprises may need
grants or external funding to survive,
BUT
• it requires that a significant part of the enterprise’s fund comes from self
generated revenue through the market (by selling a product or a service)
The Business School of Thought
• It does not have a defined origin.
• Most widely accepted definition of social entrepreneurship
• Most of the enterprises all around the world that are classified as social
enterprise are as per this definition.
• In countries and organisations like EU, the United Kingdom, Singapore,
Australia, New Zealand, and many more, the policies made for social
enterprises are in accordance with this interpretation.
The Business School of Thought
• Work Integration Social Enterprises (WISEs)
• For profit businesses but with a workforce that involves
• Marginalized group
• Vulnerable group
• people with certified learning difficulties,
• ex-convicts, refugees,
• unemployed people that need re-skilling to be introduced in work force
Examples of WISE
• London Early Years Foundation (LEYF).
• La Fageda
London Early Year Foundation
• LEYF operates pre-schools and nurseries across London.
• It tries to incorporate the latest pedagogical research
• They aim at having children from different backgrounds
• Better development through diversity
• to provide the better learning opportunities for the poorest section of the society
• It re-invests all the profit back into the business.
• 48% of the total children get enrolled pay no fee to get quality early year
education
London Early Year Foundation
La Fageda
• Spanish co-operative aims at integration of mentally disabled people into the
work-force.
• It mainly makes dairy products.
• They sell the product on the quality (don’t use/inform/include in their
campaigns this factor of their mission)
• They provide occupational therapy, an assisted-living service, and a
community integration service
La Fageda
“…work can act as a key element in the rehabilitation processes of
any person, as it increases their self-esteem and changes their role
within the family and society, from being a passive element to a
person who actively contributes to their environment.”
- Excerpts from the Mission of La Fageda
The Community School of Thought
The community school of thought
• Focus is on the outcome (rather than on the individual or the business)
• An enterprise is categorised as social if it helps in local developments and
benefit local community
• In recent times, this understanding of social enterprise has been instrumental
in sustaining communities of refugees in middle east and Europe (due to
geo-political disturbances.)
• It can include both Non-profit as well as businesses where the main aim of
the organisation is to help the local community or the local development
The community school of thought
• Back on Track Syria (BOTS)
• Founded by Petra Becker in 2016 to help Syrian refugee children in Germany
• Prepares self learning material for children (in their native language) that they
can follow in their own pace
• Doesn’t earn revenue and relies on donations or helps from the community
Other school of thought
Earned Revenue school of thought
• It includes non-profit or non-government organisations that start some
revenue generating business to support their social cause.
• To decrease dependency on the grants and donations
Shared ownership school of thought
• Considers organisations that have distributed ownerships (like cooperatives)
to be social enterprises
• By providing the employees an access to decision making process, it helps
their upliftment.

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