Rigid transformations

1 State whether the following pairs of triangles are a translation, rotation or reflection of one
another:

a b

2 For each of the following, describe the translation from figure A to figure B :

a b
y y
88 B
B 88

77 77

66 66

55 55 B
B
44 44

33 33

22 A
A 22 A
A
11 11
x x
11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88

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c y d y
88 10
10
99 A
A
77
88
66 B
B
77
55 66

44 55
44
33
33
22 A
A
22 B
B
11 11
x x
11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88

e f
y y
88 88

77 77

66 A
A 66

55 55 B
B
44 44

33 B
B 33 A
A
22 22

11 11
x x
11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 10
10

g h
y y
88 88

77 77

66 66 A
A
55 55 B
B
44 44

33 A
A 33

22 22

11 B
B 11
x x
11 22 33 44 55 66 11 22 33 44 55 66 77

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3 Determine whether the following diagrams show a reflection across the given line:

a b
y y
99 88
88
77
77
66
66
55
55
44
44
33
33
22
22

11 11
x x
11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88

c d
y y
88 88

77 77

66 66

55 55

44 44

33 33

22 22

11 11
x x
11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88

e
y
88

77

66

55

44

33

22

11
x
11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88

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4 Consider the following shape: y
11
11
Draw the shape after it has been rotated by 10
10
180° clockwise about point A. 99
88
77
66 A
A
55
44
33
22
11
x
11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 10
10 11
11

5 For each of the following:

i Find the clockwise angle of rotation of shape A to shape B about point O.

ii Find the anticlockwise angle of rotation of shape A to shape B about point O.

a b
y y
88 A
A 99

88
77
77
66
66 A
A
55
55 O
O
44 O
O
44
33
33 B
B
22
22
11 B
B 11
x x
11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 11 22 33 44 55 66 77

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6 Consider the figures shown:

a What type of transformation can take 77 y

triangle A to triangle B ? 66
55
b Identify the transformation from triangle 44 B
B
A to triangle B . 33
22
11 A
A x
−
−77−
−66−
−55−
−44−
−33−
−22−
−11 11 22 33 44 55 66 77
−
−11
−
−22
−
−33
−
−44
−
−55
−
−66
−
−77

7 Consider the figures shown:

a What type of transformation can y

11
transform quadrilateral A to quadrilateral x
B? −
−88 −
−66 −
−44 −
−22 22 44 66 88
−
−11
b Identify the transformation from −
−22
quadrilateral A to quadrilateral B . −
−33
−
−44
A
A −
−55 B
B
−
−66
−
−77
−
−88
−
−99

8 Consider the figures shown:

a What type of transformation can 77

y
transform triangle A to triangle B ? 66
b Identify the transformation from triangle 55 B
B
A to triangle B . 44
33
22
11
x
A
A
−
−77 −
−66 −
−55 −
−44 −
−33 −
−22 −
−11 11 22 33 44
−−11
−−22
−
−33
−
−44

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9 Consider the figures shown.
What are the possible types of
transformations that could get rectangle A y
99
to rectangle B? 88
77
66
A
A 55 B
B
44
33
22
11
x
−
−88 −
−66 −
−44 −
−22 22 44 66 88
−
−11

Congruence

10 The given diagram shows 2 triangles that

are translations of one another:
State the angle that has the same size as
∠CBA.

11 The given diagram shows 2 triangles that

are rotations of one another:
State the angle that has the same size as
∠PRQ.

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12 The given diagram shows 2 triangles that
are reflections of one another:
State the angle that has the same size as
∠RPQ.

13 The given diagram shows 2 triangles that

are translations and reflections of one
another:
State the angle that has the same size as
∠CBA.

14 △ABC is reflected along the dotted line

and its image XY Z is produced.

a Find the length of each side:

i XY ii YZ
iii XZ

b Describe the relationship between

△XY Z and △ABC .

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15 △ABC is translated to the right to form △DEF :

a State which side of △DEF corresponds

to BC .
b State which angle of △DEF
corresponds to ∠BCA.
c If AC = 14 cm, find the length of DF .
d If the smallest angle in △DEF is
∠EF D, state the smallest angle in
△ABC .

16 Given that the following shapes are

congruent, find the value of x.

17 Given that the following triangles are

congruent, find the values of x and y .

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18 Given that △BAC ≡ △FED, which angle
of △FED corresponds to ∠ABC ?

19 Which side is equal to AB in △DFE ?

Bisectors

20 State whether the following triangles have a line of symmetry:

a b c d

e f

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21 Consider △PQR with midpoint X at side PR:

a State what type of triangle is △PQR.

b State whether the following is correct.

i ∠QXR > ∠QXP

ii ∠QXR = ∠QXP
iii ∠QXR < ∠QXP

c Is the line through Q and X a line of

symmetry for △PQR?
d Are ∠RQX and ∠PQX equal or not
equal?

22 Consider △PQR with angle bisector PX of ∠QPR and QR = 12:

a State what type of triangle is △PQR.

b State whether the following is correct.

i QX > RX
ii QX = RX
iii QX < RX

c Is the line through P and X a line of

symmetry for △PQR?
d Are ∠PXR and ∠PXQ equal or not
equal?

23 Consider the △PQR with midpoint X at side PR:

a State what type of triangle is △PQR.

b Determine whether the following is
correct.

i ∠QXR > ∠QXP

ii ∠QXR = ∠QXP
iii ∠QXR < ∠QXP

c Is the line through Q and X a line of

symmetry for △PQR?
d Are ∠RQX and ∠PQX equal or not
equal?

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24 Consider △PQR with angle bisector QX at ∠PQR:

a State what type of triangle is △PQR.

b Determine whether the following is
correct.

i PX > RX
ii PX = RX
iii PX < RX

c Is the line through Q and X a line of

symmetry for △PQR?
d Are ∠QXR and ∠QXP equal or not
equal?

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