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1. The structure of an atom is shown.

2. How many neutrons are present in one atom of Cl1735?

A 17 B 18 C 35 D 52

3. Which two particles have the same electronic structure?

A C and O2–
B F– and Na
C K+ and S2–
D Mg and Na+

4. Which statements about isotopes of the same element are correct?

1 They are atoms which have the same chemical properties because they have the same
number of electrons in their outer shell.
2 They are atoms which have the same number of electrons and neutrons but different
numbers of protons.
3 They are atoms which have the same number of electrons and protons but different
numbers of neutrons.
A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 only D 3 only

5. Which row identifies an alloy, a pure metal and a non-metal?

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6. Information about the structures of three atoms, X, Y and Z, is shown

Which statements about atoms X, Y and Z are correct?

1 They are isotopes of the same element.
2 They contain the same number of electrons.
3 They contain the same number of neutrons.
4 They contain one occupied electron shell.
A 1, 2 and 4 B 1 and 2 only C 3 and 4 D 3 only
7. The relative atomic mass, Ar, of an element is determined by comparing the mass of one
atom of the element with the mass of one atom of element Q.
What is Q?
A carbon
B chlorine
C hydrogen
D oxygen
8. An atom of an element contains 4 electrons, 4 protons and 6 neutrons.
In which group of the Periodic Table is this element placed?
A Group II
B Group IV
C Group VI
D Group VIII
9. The numbers of protons and neutrons and the electronic structures of four particles, W, X,
Y and Z, are shown.
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10. X and Y are two different elements.

X and Y have the same number of nucleons.
Which statement about X and Y is correct?
A They have the same physical properties.
B Their atoms have the same number of electrons.
C They are in different groups of the Periodic Table.
D They have different relative masses.

11. Particle P has an atomic number of 18, a mass number of 40 and no overall charge.
Particle Q has an atomic number of 19, a mass number of 40 and a single positive charge.
Which statement is correct?
A They are isotopes of the same element.
B They are both ions.
C Q has more neutrons than P.
D They have the same number of electrons in their outer shell.
12. Matter exists as elements, compounds and mixtures.
Which row identifies an element, a compound and a mixture?

13. Which statement explains why isotopes of the same element have the same chemical
properties?
A They have the same electronic structure.
B They have the same relative mass.
C They have the same nucleon number.
D They have the same proton number. (22)
14. Two isotopes of carbon are 12C and 14C.
Which statement about these two isotopes is correct?
A Their electronic structure is different.
B They have different numbers of nucleons.
C They have different numbers of protons.
D They have the same number of neutrons.
15. The element livermorium, Lv, was discovered in the year 2000.
Which statement predicts what will happen to an Lv atom when it forms an Lv2– ion?
A The atom will gain two electrons.
B The atom will lose two electrons.
C The atom will lose two protons.
D The atom will gain two protons.
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16. How many protons, neutrons and electrons are there in one atom of the isotope Al1327?

17. The nucleus of a particular atom consists of nineteen particles.

Nine of them are positively charged and ten of them are uncharged.
Which statement about this nucleus is correct?
A The nucleus has a nucleon number of nine.
B The nucleus has a nucleon number of ten.
C The nucleus has a proton number of nine.
D The nucleus has a proton number of ten.
18. Element X has 7 protons.
Element Y has 8 more protons than X.
Which statement about element Y is correct?
A Y has more electron shells than X.
B Y has more electrons in its outer shell than X.
C Y is in a different group of the Periodic Table from X.
D Y is in the same period of the Periodic Table as X.

19. Which statement about isotopes of the same element is correct?

A They have different numbers of electrons.
B They have different numbers of neutrons.
C They have different numbers of protons.
D They have the same mass number.
20. A neutral atom, J, contains 45 neutrons and 35 electrons.
Which row is correct for atom J?

21. Which statement about the atoms of all the isotopes of carbon is correct?
A They are all radioactive.
B They have the same mass.
C They have the same number of neutrons.
D They have the same number of electrons in the outer shell.
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22. An atom of element R contains 15 protons, 16 neutrons and 15 electrons.

What is R?
A gallium
B phosphorus
C sulfur
D zinc

23. Which diagram represents a mixture of compounds?

24. Which statement about atomic structure is correct?

A Isotopes have a different nucleon number but the same proton number.
B Metal atoms gain electrons to achieve a noble gas electronic structure.
C The nucleon number is the total number of electrons and neutrons in the nucleus of the
atom.
D Protons and neutrons are oppositely charged particles.

25. Which element is a non-metal?

A scandium B sodium C strontium D sulfur
26. What is the meaning of the term nucleon number?
A the number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
B the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
C the total number of protons and electrons in the nucleus of an atom
D the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

27. The atomic structure of four particles are shown.

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28. The atomic number and nucleon number of a potassium atom are shown.

29. The diagram shows the electronic structure of a particle with a nucleon number (mass
number) of 40.
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30. The structure of an atom of element X is shown.

What is element X?

A boron B carbon C sodium D sulfur

31. A representation of an atom is shown.

What is the nucleon number of this atom?

A 6 B 7 C 12 D 13

32. 𝐶614 and 𝐶612 are isotopes of carbon.

33. An isotope of chromium is represented by 𝐶𝑟2452.

Which statement about an atom of this isotope of chromium is correct?
A It contains 24 electrons.
B It contains 24 neutrons.
C It contains 28 protons.
D It contains 52 neutrons.
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34. An isotope of lithium has the symbol 𝐿𝑖37.

What is the arrangement of electrons in one atom of this isotope of lithium? 7

35. The numbers of protons, neutrons and electrons present in the atoms P, Q, R and S are
shown.

36. Element X has two isotopes, 𝑋612 and 𝑋614.

Which statement about these isotopes is correct?
A They have different chemical properties because they have different numbers of neutrons.
B They have the same chemical properties because they have the same number of outer shell
electrons.
C They have the same nucleon number because the sum of the number of protons and
electrons is the same.
D They have different positions in the Periodic Table because they have different numbers of
neutrons.
37. Rubidium has two isotopes, 𝑅𝑏3785 and 𝑅𝑏3787.
Which statement explains why both isotopes have the same chemical properties?
A They have the same number of protons.
B They have the same number of outer shell electrons.
C They have different numbers of neutrons.
D They have different mass numbers.
38. Carbon has three isotopes, 12C, 13C and 14C.
Why do all three isotopes have the same chemical properties?
A They all have the same atomic mass.
B They all have the same number of electrons in their outer shell.
C They all have the same number of electron shells.
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D They all have the same number of nucleons.

39. Which statement about an atom of fluorine, 𝐹919, is correct?
A It contains more protons than neutrons.
B It contains a total of 28 protons, neutrons and electrons.
C Its isotopes contain different numbers of protons.
D Its nucleus contains 9 neutrons.
40. What is an isotope of 𝐸1531? 8

41. The structure of an atom is shown.

Which element is the atom an isotope of?

A nitrogen
B oxygen
C phosphorus
D titanium

42. Which row describes isotopes of the same element?

43. Which row describes the structure of the positive ion in sodium chloride?
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44. Iodine, I, has a lower relative atomic mass than tellurium, Te, but is placed after it in the
Periodic Table.

Which statement explains why iodine is placed after tellurium in the Periodic Table?
A Iodine has fewer neutrons than tellurium.
B Iodine has fewer protons than tellurium.
C Iodine has more neutrons than tellurium.
D Iodine has more protons than tellurium.
45. How many neutrons are present in the atom 𝑋2145?
A 21 B 24 C 45 D 66
46. Which statement describes isotopes?
A Isotopes of the same element have different electron arrangements.
B Isotopes of the same element have different nuclear charges.
C Isotopes of the same element have nuclei with masses that are the same.
D Isotopes of the same element have the same number of protons.
47. Which statement about the isotopes of an element is correct? 9
A Their physical properties are different because they have different proton numbers.
B Their atomic masses are different because they have different numbers of electron shells.
C They have the same chemical properties because they have the same number of electrons
in their outer shells.
D They have the same physical properties because they have the same number of neutrons in
their nuclei.
48. Two naturally occurring isotopes of oxygen are 16O and 17O.
Which statement is correct?
A Both isotopes react with iron to form rust.
B Neither isotope reacts with iron to form rust.
C Only 16O reacts with iron to form rust.
D Only 17O reacts with iron to form rust.
49. Which statement describes isotopes?
A Isotopes of the same element have different electron arrangements.
B Isotopes of the same element have different nuclear charges.
C Isotopes of the same element have nuclei with masses that are the same.
D Isotopes of the same element have the same number of protons.
50. X and Y are both atoms.
X and Y have the same chemical properties as each other.
Which row describes the atomic structures of X and Y?
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51. In which atom is the number of protons equal to the number of neutrons?
A 40Ar B 19F C 23Na D 16O
52. Symbols representing four particles are shown.

53. Which name is given to a pure substance made from more than one type of atom?
A alloy
B compound
C element
D mixture 10

54. Chlorine exists as two common isotopes, 35Cl and 37Cl.

Information about these two isotopes is shown.

Which statement explains why the two isotopes are of the same element?
A Both have the same number of electron shells.
B Both have the same number of protons.
C Both have 7 outer shell electrons.
D 37Cl has 2 more neutrons than 35Cl.
55. Which pair shows particles with the same chemical properties?

56. Iron has an atomic number of 26. It occurs as the isotopes 54Fe, 56Fe, 57Fe and 58Fe.
Which statement explains why these isotopes have the same chemical properties?
A They have similar mass numbers.
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B They have the same number of electrons in their outer shells.

C They have the same number of neutrons in their nuclei.
D They have the same number of protons in their nuclei.
57. What is the nucleon number of an atom?
A the number of electrons, neutrons and protons in the nucleus
B the number of neutrons and protons in the nucleus
C the number of neutrons in the nucleus
D the number of protons in the nucleus (18)
58. Which statement about the boxes P, Q and R is correct?

A Box P contains two compounds and box R contains two elements.

B Box P contains two elements and box Q contains a mixture.
C Box P contains two elements and box Q contains one compound.
D Box Q contains two compounds and box R contains a mixture. 11
59. The number of particles in atoms W, X, Y and Z are shown.
Which statement is correct?

A W and X are isotopes of carbon.

B X and Y are isotopes of nitrogen.
C X has a mass number of 12.
D Z has an atomic number of 8.
60. Which diagram shows a mixture of an element and a compound?
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61. Which pair of atoms contains the same number of neutrons?

62. Substance Y is added to an excess of hot water.

A blue solution forms and a brown solid remains.
The brown solid is filtered off and dried.
The brown solid conducts electricity.
What is Y?
A a compound which contains a metal
B a mixture which contains a metal
C a pure substance which is a metal
D a pure substance which is a non-metal
63. Which row gives the number of protons, electrons and neutrons found in an atom of
zinc?

64. Four statements about atoms and ions are shown.

1 F– has more electrons than Na+.
2 Mg2+ has the same number of electrons as Na+.
3 Na+ has more electrons than Li+.
4 An atom of P has more outer shell electrons than an atom of N.
Which statements are correct?
A 1 and 2 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4

65. Which statement explains why isotopes of the same element have the same chemical
properties?
A They have a different number of neutrons in the nucleus.
B They have the same number of neutrons in the nucleus.
C They have the same number of outer shell electrons.
D They have the same number of protons as neutrons.
66. Why do isotopes of the same element have the same chemical properties?
A They have the same nucleon number.
B They have the same number of electrons in the outer shell.
C They have the same number of neutrons in the nucleus.
D They have the same number of protons as neutrons.
67. Carbon has three naturally occurring isotopes, 12C, 13C and 14C.
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Which statement explains why the isotopes have the same chemical properties?
A They have the same number of electrons in the first shell.
B They have the same number of electrons in the outer shell.
C They have the same number of neutrons in the nucleus.
D They have the same number of protons as neutrons.
68. Which part of an atom has a relative mass of 1 and a relative charge of 0?
A electron
B neutron
C nucleus
D proton
69. Which definition of isotopes is correct?
A atoms of the same element that have the same number of electrons and nucleons
B atoms of the same element that have the same number of neutrons and protons
C atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but a different number of
electrons
D atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but a different number of
nucleons
70. Which element does not form a stable ion with the same electronic structure as argon?
A aluminium
B chlorine
C phosphorus
D potassium
71. The aluminium ion, Al3+, has the same electronic structure as an atom of which noble
gas?
A argon
B helium
C krypton
D neon
72. Which statement explains why isotopes of an element have the same chemical
properties?
A They have different numbers of neutrons.
B They have the same number of electrons as protons.
C They have the same number of electrons in the outer shell.
D They have the same number of protons in the nucleus. (17)
73. The table shows information about atoms of three different elements.
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74. Which row shows the electronic structure of the sodium ion and the chloride ion in
sodium chloride?

75. An atom has three electron shells. There are three electrons in the outer shell.
How many protons and how many neutrons are in this atom?

76. An aluminium atom has a nucleon number of 27 and a proton number of 13.
How many neutrons does this aluminium atom contain?
A 13 B 14 C 27 D 40
77. The table shows the electronic structure of four atoms.

78. An atom of element Q contains 19 electrons, 19 protons and 20 neutrons.

What is Q?
A calcium
B potassium
C strontium
D yttrium
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79. The table shows the atomic structure of four atoms.

Which atom is not a metal?

80. Which statements about isotopes of the same element are correct?
1 They are atoms which have the same chemical properties because they have the same
number of electrons in their outer shell.
2 They are atoms which have the same number of electrons and neutrons but different
numbers of protons.
3 They are atoms which have the same number of electrons and protons but different
numbers of neutrons.
A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 only D 3 only
81. In which row are the substances correctly classified?

82. Element Q has 4 electrons in its outer shell and has 69 neutrons. Q conducts electricity.
What is Q?
A carbon (C)
B lead (Pb)
C thulium (Tm)
D tin (Sn)
83. X and Y are isotopes of the same element.
Which statement is correct?
A X and Y have atoms with different numbers of electron shells.
B X and Y have atoms with the same nucleon number.
C X and Y have atoms with the same number of outer shell electrons.
D X and Y have different chemical properties. (16)
84. Which statement about atoms is correct?
A Atoms contain protons and electrons in the nucleus.
B Neutrons are negatively charged.
C Protons are positively charged.
D The nucleon number is the number of neutrons.
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85. What do the nuclei of 𝐻11 hydrogen atoms contain?

A electrons and neutrons
B electrons and protons
C neutrons only
D protons only
86. The table shows the nucleon number and the number of neutrons in one atom of isotopes
W, X, Y and Z.

Which statement about W, X, Y and Z is correct?

A W and X are isotopes of the same element.
B X and Y are isotopes of elements in the same group of the Periodic Table.
C Y and Z are isotopes of elements in the same period of the Periodic Table.
D Z has a higher proton number than Y.
87. Argon, Ar, has a higher relative atomic mass than potassium, K, but appears before it in
the Periodic Table.

Why is argon listed before potassium in the Periodic Table?

A Argon has fewer neutrons than potassium.
B Argon has fewer protons than potassium.
C Argon has more neutrons than potassium.
D Argon has more protons than potassium.
88. Atoms contain electrons, neutrons and protons.
What is the definition of nucleon number?
A the number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
B the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
C the total number of neutrons and protons in the nucleus of an atom
D the total number of particles in an atom
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89. The diagram shows the atomic structure of an element X.

What is X?
A aluminium B beryllium C boron D fluorine

90. Which statements comparing the properties of electrons, neutrons and protons are
correct?

91. The atomic structures of four particles are shown.

92. Q+ is an ion of element Q.

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What has the highest value in the ion?

A the nucleon number
B the number of electrons
C the number of neutrons
D the proton number
93. Two atoms, X and Y, can be represented as shown.

Which statement is not correct?

A X and Y are atoms of different elements.
B X and Y are isotopes.
C X and Y have different mass numbers.
D X and Y have the same number of electrons.
94. Two atoms have the same relative atomic mass but different chemical properties.
Which row about the proton and neutron numbers of these atoms is correct?