Essays Suggesting Solutions to Problems C 1 EI You will hear two people discussing the problem of stress and what can be done about it. Look at the table below and match the suggestions with the results; then listen to the cassette and check your answers, Finally, use the linking expressions listed below to explain each suggestion and its result in your own words. “ {——suecesrions | | ____—_—RESULTS _ 1 tak to trends a. {ool more relaxed 2 take more exercise bb clear your mind 3 find an how a day for yourself’ ¢ see things diferently d_ deal wth problems individually 4, make alist of your worries A useful suggestion .. would be to... This would help you to Another solution is to The effect of this would be The problem could be solved by Asa result, you would Ifyou were to You would be able 10 eg. A useful suggestion for anyone suffering from stress would be to taik to friends about their problems. This would help them to see things differenti. [An essay discussing problems aid suggesting solutions is a formal piece of writing. ‘You sould state the problem and its causes clearly, then present your suggestions, Introduction ‘and the expected results or consaquences these micht have, ‘A successtul assay of this type should consist of Paragraph 1 2) an introductory paragraph in which you clealy stale the problem, what has slate the problem and its caused it and the consequences; ‘cause(s)/consaquences) )@ main body in which you present several suggested solutions, each in a separate Main Boty paragraph together wit its consequencestresults; and ¢)_& conclusion in which you summarise your opinon, Paragraph 2 suggestion 1 & result Points to consider paapeaon a ‘© Each paragraph should start with a topic sentence which summarises what the suggestion 2 & result paragraph is about. ‘© Appropriate linking words and phrases should be used to show the connection between paragraphs as wel as to link sentences within a paragraph Paragraph 4 suggestion 3 & result {© Use the techniques shown on p. 86 to begin and ene your essay. Paragraph 5 suggestion 4 & result* Useful Language ngueg Conclesion (© To express cause: sincelbecause, in view of/becsuse offowing toldus to (the fact that)... The reason that why ./for...is that. Final Paragraph To express effect: thustheretore/soiconsequently, as @ resuliconsequence, the ‘summarise your opinion result of .. would be .., would resuttin * You may include more ‘To express purpose: so that... so asin order (not to. with the purpose offinten suggestions, and thus more tion of (+ ing) paragraphs in the main To express possibility/probabilty: I can/couidimayimight... itis possible/propable/ pooy. (un)ikelyforeseeable/certan that ... .s (un)lkey torbound to/certan tojpcssible/ probable .., The likeinood/possbilty/probabilty of (ng/naun) is 16Unit Ge Essays Suggesting Solutions to Problems 2 Read the model below and complete the paragraph plan on the right. ‘Then identify which aspects of the Discussion Clock (p. 59) have been mentioned. Finally, underline the linking words/phrases and replace + troduction - them with synonymous ones. Aik PEN ois HL consequences For many eblerly people the latter "What could be — sstorrteinasineto rar ae enjoy retirement, but rather 2 difficult and unhappy period, owing to financial done fo improve wie sivas 1s life expectancy increases, the average é person Wes well beyond the age of the lives of the — eiemert as aresut needy mae up an ever-increasing percentage of society, which makes it more important elderly” thn ert fae eit to be mae improving the lives of senior citizens. ‘ne way 10 deal wat re stuaten ‘would be to ensure that the elderly ‘have enough money on which to live. Obviously, when a person stops working, they still require a source of income to cover their ‘basic needs such as food, accommodation and heating. A clear solution to the problem is for the govemment to make sure that the state pension is adequate for these needs. Furthermore, ‘ree financial advice should be made available to retired people so that the stress of wor- ‘tying about money could be reduced as far as possible, ‘Steps should also be taken to overcome problems the elderly face as a result of dete- ert ath noo gp, ato healt polos Aga he spon sibility should fall to the government to provide access to the best health care available, which may necessitate paying ‘or residential homes where the elderly can have round- ‘the-clock nursing, or, at the very least, providing medication free of charge to all people oe cota an, A ae, pow sy Gy hah, bos ‘peace of mind from the knowledge that they need not fear falling ill and being unable to ‘pay for treatment = ‘The lives of old people could also be improved if attempts were made to address the ‘problem of social isolation which so many of them face. It we organised trips for the elderly to community centres, visits from socia workers or free bus passes 10 allow pen- sioners greater mobility, the effect would be to alleviate the problem of loneliness which ‘marks the lives of so many old people ving alone and far from their families, ‘One firal suggestion, which would help enormously, is to change the attitude of the community towards its older members, who are all too often seen as a burten on soci- ‘ety and dismissed as having litte to do with modem if. We need to be taught from an aly age ‘0 respect the views of old people, and appreciate their broader experience of life. This would help society as a whole, and encourage appreciation of the role that old people can still pray today. To sum up, there are severd measures which could be taken to improve the sof ol oooh gone an le ale wr fo ib, oud ‘make retirement and old age a time to look forward to, rather than dread.Unit Ge Essays Suggesting Solutions to Problems Useful Expressions: Problems & Solutions e should Stee | petaken |Ssto | solvelovercome/combat Measures | rid inorderto) deal with/eradicate Sorious attempts to halljprevent/solve .. must be made. ‘solvelovercome way to combatideal with eradicate © One (possible) Another Analtemative this problem would be/ the problem (of). | is © People: should focus their!) to solve/overcome the problom of Governments | our attention | to improve the situation of We on ways to reduce the impact of .. on society the effect/resuit/ consequence would be © If stepsimeasures were taken to If... Rappenediwere to happen, if attempts were made to address the problem By (+ing) .... we/governments/etc, can ensure that /prevent The .. situation could be improved it... t would be a good idea it ettect/consequence woula he of (+noun)-in © THe outcomejresult i 9) | might 3 Look at the topic below, then read the suggested solutions (1-4) and match each with its corresponding result (a-d). Finally, complete each of the sentences, as in the example. Re RSC EU Rees RS 1 One way to combat crime would be to provide more job opportunities for the poor and unemployed. The result of this would be the eradication of poverty, which is @ major cause of crim 2 Furthermore, if the prison sentences received for certain crimes were made longer, the outcome 3 It would certainly be a good idea if police patrols were increased in high crime areas, especially at night. This would improve 4 One final suggestion which would help to solve the problem of increased crime might be to establish recreational facilities, such as sports centre. If this keep idle youths off streets and away from crime eradication of poverty which is a major cause of crime discouraging criminals with immediate police presence ‘make criminals afraid of consequences of being caught 18 4 Rewrite the following sentences using the words in brackets without chang ing the meaning. 1 The environmental damage caused by factories will probably become more extensive if adequate measures are not likely to) imposed, (q If the number of patrols is reduced, burglaries in the area will almost certainly increase. (highly probable) 3. The public will probably react neg atively to any decisions by the ment t0 increase taxes. (bound to) 4. The problem of overpopulation will probably not be solved over the next few decades. (rather unlikely that) 5 Look at each of the follo tences, identify the problem and say what solution is suggested. Then, using expressions from the chart, write sentences explaining possible results, as in the example, PROBLEM 8. One way to deal with pollution in cities is to promote the use of public transport, ‘SOLUTION The result of this would be fewer cars polluting the atmosphere. ig sen 1 One way to combat famine would be to provide affected countries with financial ai 2 An effective method of combating the spread of disease in poverty-stricken areas of the world might be to send doctors from developed countries. 3 One way to prevent illnesses such as heart disease is to ensure you take reg- ular exercise and follow a healthy diet 4 It could help the world’s rain forests if we used more recycled puper