Introduction to Information

Technology
• Introduction to Computer
• Data Management
• Network Management
• IT Security
• E commerce and E Business
• Mobile Computing And Commerce

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Introduction to Computer

IT Fundamentals

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 What is IT?

• The science and activity of using

computer and other electronic
equipment to store and send
information – Cambridge Dictionary
 Other
Electronic
Equipment?
Computer?

Information?
Store and
Send? How?

The science and activity of using computer

and other electronic equipment to store and
send information – Cambridge Dictionary
 What is Computer?

• An electronic machine that is used for storing,

organizing, and finding words, numbers, and
pictures, for doing calculations, and for
controlling other machines. – Cambridge
Dictionary
 Computer has four main
functions:

Input Outpu
t
Accept Data Process Data Information

1. Input
2. Processing Storage
3. Output
4. Storage
Input
- The process of entering data and
programs into the computer system

Process
- The task of performing operations

Output
- The processed data given by computer
after data process ( Result)

Storage
- The process of saving data and instruction
permanently.
Hardware and Software

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• Hardware and software are interconnected,
without software, the hardware of a computer
would have no function.
• However, without the creation of hardware to
perform tasks directed by software via the
central processing unit, software would be
useless.

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 Hardware Organization

Hardware is the physical part of the computer.

 Input Devices
Input data and instruction to computer
 Output Devices
Display data, instructions and results
Process / Storage

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Central Processing Unit (CPU)
• Interpret instruction and process data.
 Memory
Temporary Storage Permanent storage
• RAM • Hard Disk
• USB Drive
• External Hard Disk
• Solid State Drive
 Storage Capacity
. 1 Bit = Binary Digit (0,1)
· 8 Bits = 1 Byte
· 1024 Bytes = 1 Kilobyte
· 1024 Kilobytes = 1 Megabyte
· 1024 Megabytes = 1 Gigabyte
· 1024 Gigabytes = 1 Terabyte
· 1024 Terabytes = 1 Petabyte
· 1024 Petabytes = 1 Exabyte
· 1024 Exabytes = 1 Zettabyte
· 1024 Zettabytes = 1 Yottabyte
· 1024 Yottabytes = 1 Brontobyte
· 1024 Brontobytes = 1 Geopbyte
 Motherboard
• A Motherboard (mainboard, system board,
logic board ) is the printed circuit board
(PCB).
• It holds and allows communication between
many of the crucial electronic components of
a system such as memory and the central
processing unit (CPU)
 Computer case

A Computer case also

known as tower , system
unit , cabinet , or simply
case is the case that
contains most of the
components of a computer.
Different Brands of Computer
Hardware
 Software

• Computer software is a collection of data

or computer instructions that tell the
computer how to work.

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 Types of Software
Systems Software
Applications Software
 System Software
Operating Systems
• The program that are
dedicated to managing
the computer itself.
• Manages the computer
hardware resources in
addition to applications
and data.
• Examples: iOS, Window
10, Linux, Ubuntu
 Different types of OS

Apple Linux

Windows
 Application Software's
• Enable the user to complete
tasks such as creating
documents, databases,
doing online research and
sending emails, etc.
• It can be simple as a
calculator or complex as a
word processing application
( e.g.. Microsoft word, excel,
PowerPoint).
Four main types of
computer
Four main Categories and uses
• Supercomputer
• Mainframe computer
• Macro computer( Midrange Computer)
• Microcomputer
 Super computer

Supercomputer – powerful computer

which is used for processing data at
fastest possible speed. Example :
scientific research, analyses and
forecasting of global weather pattern
 Mainframe computer

Mainframe - large computer which is

used for calculations dealing with a huge
amount of data. Example : Big hospitals,
bank
 Macro computer
(Midrange Computer)
• smaller than mainframe, larger than
microcomputer.
• A minicomputer may also be called a
mid-range computer.
 Microcomputer
• Also called personal computer.
• Designed for single use.
• Widely use in entertainment ,
education and work purposes
nowadays.
• Desktop, Laptop , tablets , ipad , All
in one Pc( apple) etc are also known
as microcomputer.
 Internet
• A system of linked networks that
are worldwide in scope and
facilitate data communication
services such as electronic mail,
the World Wide Web (www)

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Internet Connectable Device

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 ISP
• Internet Service Provider is a
company that provides
Internet connections and services to
individuals and organizations.

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ISP

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 Web Browser / App

A web browser is a software application

for retrieving, presenting and traversing
information resources on the World Wide
Web

A mobile application, also referred to as a

mobile app or simply an app, is a
computer program or software application
designed to run on a mobile device

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 Website Vs. Web page
Website Web page
• a collection of linked • a single page of content
documents and content on a website.
associated with a single
organization, person,
group, or topic and
usually sharing a server
and a domain name.
Website Vs. Web page
 Uniform Resource
Locator (URL)
• Uniform Resource Locator (URL) : web
address
 World Wide Web
• An information system on internet which allows
documents to be connected to other documents by
hypertext links, enabling the user to search for
information by moving from one document to another
 Search Engine
• A web search engine or Internet search
engine is a software system that is
designed to carry out web search

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 Useful website Link
• mit.edu.mm
• https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/
• https://www.mohs.gov.mm/
• https://www.khanacademy.org/
• https://myanmar-now.org
• www.google.com
• www.yahoo.com

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 Email
• Electronic mail is a method of
exchanging messages between
people using electronic devices.

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 Gmail Vs. Email
• Gmail is an email service offered by
Google.
• Email just refers to the entire process of
electronically sending mail.
 Components of an E-mail
Address
Host’s
Name(Free Email Host’s
provider or affiliation(Top
Internet Service Level Domain)
Country code
Provider) Top Level
Domain

myname@mptmail.net.mm

Username @(at) Domai

symbol n
Top Level Domains
Country Code Top-level domain
 Internet applications
• Communications • Economic

• Information • Entertainment

• Health • Education

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 Social Media
• Social media refers to the means of
interactions among people in which they
create, share, and/or exchange
information and ideas in virtual
communities and networks.

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Post / like/ Share/ Comment

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Cautions

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Things You Should Never Post on
Facebook
• Data tied to your personal and financial security
• Clues to your passwords
• Information about your location
• Your travel plans
• Attention-seeking posts
• Posts that share way too much personal information
• Embarrassing photos of you or others
• Photos of your kids or your friends’ kids
• Complaints about your job
• Information about what you’re doing at work
• Other people’s news
• Gossip or personal attacks
• Medical misinformation

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Personal Information

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Privacy Setting

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Cyber Bullying

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Cyber Grooming

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Hate Speech

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Fake News

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Photoshopped Pictures

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 Digital Footprint

Digital footprint or digital

shadow refers to your
unique set of traceable
digital activities, actions,
contributions and
communications
manifested on the Internet
or on digital devices.

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 Data vs. Information

Data Information
• Raw Fact • Processed Data
• may be in the form of text • Value-added to data
documents, images, (summarized, organized,
audio clips, software analyzed)
programs, or other types
of data.
Data vs. Information
Data vs. Information
 Summary

• Computer
• Hardware/Software
• Internet
• Browser/App/ Email/Social Media
• Data /Information

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