Government Polytechnic Sakoli

Academic Year 2024-25

Electrical Engineering 5th Sem

Subject: ECA

Title of Project
Energy conservation in small scale industry

Roll Name of Enrollment Si

No. Student No. ng
13 Pranay N. Mandade 2200910169

15 Khemendra N. 2200910172
Pushpatode
52 Mohit B. Kapgate 2200910164

Guided By

Mr. P. kamble
sir

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 MAHARASHTRA STATE
BOARD OF TECHNICAL
EDUCATION
GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC SAKLI

DIST:BHANDARA

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Roll No. 13,15,52 Third YEAR ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERING of GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC SAKOLI have successfully
completed the MICRO PROJECT on “energy conservation in small scale
industry” as per
prescribed by MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL
EDUCATION(MSBTE) for the micro-project engulfment of diploma in
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING during academic year 2024-2025.

Date: /. /

Place: Sakoli
Sing Of Professor

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4
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INDEX
no Topic
1 Introduction

2 An investigation on energy management practices adopted

by small scale industries

3 Six stepped plan for energy management in small

industries
4 Conclusions

5 References

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 1. INTRODUCTION :

The Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a crucial role in the overall
industrial economy of the country. In current years, the MSME sector has constantly
registered superior growth rate compared to the overall industrial sector. The major
benefit of the sector is its employment probable at low capital cost [1]. For a nation,
economic development crucially hinges on both increased supply and efficient use of
energy inputs. Energy saving helps incutting down costs of production and hence raises
levels of productivity. There is lack of concern among Indian industries, especially small
scale sector, to organise themselves as a sequel to energy crisis for reducing their energy
intensity [2].

2. AN INVESTIGATION ON ENERGY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

ADOPTED BY SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES

A Preliminary survey on energy practices being used has been carried out in two
cluster industries, (1).Textile and Spinning Units in Ludhiana (Punjab) (2). Foundry
Units in Ambala and Garaunda (Haryana). Information was collected personally and
through questionnaires on measures being adopted for energy audit and energy
conservation in these industries. Some of the findings are
a) Decreasing use of oil and coal has been offset by substantial increase in
electricity consumption over last ten years.
b) Awareness on energy-management was lacking, (65 percent industries never,
20 percent industries seldom and 15 percent industries regularly carried out
an energy audit).
c) Resource allocation for effecting energy conservation is almost nil in most of
the industries
d) Some broad areas and opportunities for energy conservation which can be
effected in these industries can be identified as:

● Adoption of direct saving techniques that help avoid wastage and wasteful
uses such as good housekeeping measures and regular maintenance;
● Changeover of costly and exhaustible sources of energy such as oil, by new
and renewable energy sources and by relatively abundant energy sources like
coal.
● Implementation of total energy systems in industrial process such as co
generation, integration of all thermal operations etc.
● Reconditioning of energy wastes through various waste heat recovery
systems.

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 3. SIX STEPPED PLAN FOR ENERGY MANAGEMENT IN SMALL
INDUSTRIES

Energy used in industries is basically in three primary forms: electricity, coal and oil.
All these three sources need conservation for sustainability and growth [4].In both
industrial and commercial operations, energy is a critical input that is used in
numerous site-specific applications, such as transforming raw material, operating
computing and communication equipment, and providing comfort and lighting. While
successful organizations always pay particular attention to their primary factors of
production, energy inputs are often overlooked because they are complicated to
understand and easy to take for granted. Taking a laissez-faire approach to the
management of energy is the easy way out, but it can have significant bottom line
consequences. Effective energy management offers a range of advantages including
reduced operating cost, mitigated environmental impact, and improved conversion
efficiency

Step-1: Generating Awareness:

Awareness on energy-management in an organization can be created by explaining
and defining various aspects of energy. Both management and employees should
understand and appreciate the benefits of energy conservation in qualitative as well
as quantitative terms [5]. Various tools like posters, graphs, slogans, questionnaires
and inter-firm comparison reports can be used for creating an effective environment
for better awareness in energy management [8].

Step-2: Energy Audit (Inspection):

Energy measurement involves a systematic selection of an approach and inputs
outputs for an organisation. Several factors like nature of inputs and outputs of energy,
the complexity of operations, the period of study etc. affect measurement process [9].
Energy measurement constitutes a vital part of Energy Audit" which serves to identify
all energy streams into a facility and to quantity energy use according to discreet
functions. This step identifies the costs of energy and where and how it is used. A
base is created from which results can be measured and further programmes can be
developed.

Step-3: Energy Assessment:

After measurement of inputs-outputs and costs of energy, existing performance levels
are analyzed. Energy wastes are identified and quantified for setting further
modalities. Energy measurement and evaluation creates a platform for setting realistic
targets of energy utilization and makes available several alternative options towards
achieving the same. Generally those options which meet the financial / techno-
managerial criteria of the companies are pursued to their implementation stage [8]. A
rational energy evaluation imparts credibility to the "Energy Audit" being carried out
by the firm and this further helps in providing sustainability to energy conservation
programmes likely to be implemented.

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 Step 4: Energy Scheduling (Energy Conservation):
The evaluation and measurement steps complete the energy audit process and this
must be followed by some scheduled actions which are understood and supported by
both management and employees. Effective planning is a major determinant for the
success of improvement programmes and all these improvement programmes are
modelled with some targets or objectives to be achieved. Planning basically decides
on nature, timing, costs and action areas for different strategies to be adopted to
improve energy utilization levels, keeping in mind the existing organizational
constraints [11].

Step 5: Energy Enhancement:

Improvement of energy utilization relates to putting into action the various plans and
strategies to be adopted for improving conservation levels. These improvement plans
can be broken down into following objectives:
a) Improving efficiency ("Working right")
b) Improving effectiveness ("Doing right things")
c) Improving quality of work life
For improving efficiency, abroad-based traditional industrial engineering approach is
always most acceptable. This involves auditing, process simplification, ‘work
standard development and use of technology [9].
Effectiveness means achieving desired goals and for this objectives must be ;
■ Clearly stated.
■ Measureable.
■ Consistent with goals.
■ Timely.
■
○ Improving quality of work life means maintaining management commitment
to and support of employees' involvement in the decision-making process
[10]. This includes training and development, recognition and sense of
accomplishment, rewards and incentives, team building for cause and safe
physical environment. Energy improvement plans vary from industry to
industry and from unit to unit.
○
○
Step 6: Consistent Monitoring
This step involves reporting the success rate of various energy improvement
programmes being adopted. This is periodically done to check reliability and
robustness of all improvement programmes [12]. All plans need careful
implementation and careful implementation needs regular monitoring. The
monitoring reflects achievements or failures and hence serves as a feedback
mechanism for the system. Some important practices for this step are:-
Goals and performance must be reported comparatively.
Periodic energy reports are prepared to check utilization levels.
Trend charts be prepared to evaluate past present performance.
A consolidated report to be prepared summarizing significant dates and performance
of sector-executives.

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 4. CONCLUSIONS :
In recent years, we have been facing "Energy Crisis" and this
not only poses a threat but is also a challenge to all nations. All fossil fuels will eventually
be exhausted and world is haunted by the specter of oil ravenous civilization. It is this
fear which turns our attention towards proper "Management of Energy" in all sectors,
especially the industries which account for using 60% of electricity generated in India. A
lot of scope exists for conservation of energy by using appropriate methods and better
housekeeping "Energy Management" has probably received better attention, mainly
because of:
● Reasonably low cost of energy, as compared to other inputs to production
systems.
● Ignorance on effective use of energy and its resultant benefits.
● Freedom of passing on higher costs of production to the consumers of
industrial goods and house hold items.
● Lack of maintenance policies, especially in small scale units.
● Availability of ample resources for energy generation in the past.

5. REFERENCES:

1. AbidHussain, Report of the Expert Committee on Small Enterprises, Ministry of

Industry, Government of India, New Delhi, 1997.
2. A.Donald, Waterman, A Guide to Energy Export System (Addition Wesly
Publishing, 1990) 39-45. 3. Department of Trade a