land is a highly

completed issue of human life

involving economic, social,
political, cultural and often
religious
systems. Land administration is
thus a critical element and often
a pre-condition for peaceful
society and sustainable
development. In administrating
land, Khatian or record of rights
plays
a vital role to determine the
rights and interests of the
respective parties as supportive
evidence.
land is a highly
completed issue of human life
involving economic, social,
political, cultural and often
religious
systems. Land administration is
thus a critical element and often
a pre-condition for peaceful
society and sustainable
development. In administrating
land, Khatian or record of rights
plays
a vital role to determine the
rights and interests of the
respective parties as supportive
evidence.
land is a highly
completed issue of human life
involving economic, social,
political, cultural and often
religious
systems. Land administration is
thus a critical element and often
a pre-condition for peaceful
society and sustainable
development. In administrating
land, Khatian or record of rights
plays
a vital role to determine the
rights and interests of the
respective parties as supportive
evidence.
v land is a highly

completed issue of human life

involving economic, social,
political, cultural and often
religious
systems. Land administration is
thus a critical element and often
a pre-condition for peaceful
society and sustainable
development. In administrating
land, Khatian or record of rights
plays
a vital role to determine the
rights and interests of the
respective parties as supportive
evidence.
land is a highly
completed issue of human life
involving economic, social,
political, cultural and often
religious
systems. Land administration is
thus a critical element and often
a pre-condition for peaceful
society and sustainable
development. In administrating
land, Khatian or record of rights
plays
a vital role to determine the
rights and interests of the
respective parties as supportive
evidence.
Introduction:
Land is a highly completed issue of human life involving
economic, social, political, cultural and often religious system.
Land administration is thus a critical element and often a
precondition for peaceful society and sustainable development.
In administrating land, khatian or record of rights play a vital
role to determine the rights and interests of the respective
parties as supportive evidence. According to Section 74 of
the Evidence Act,1872 , the Record of rights is a public
Document.

Definition of Record of Rights or Khatian:

Khatian is a Persian word. It is also known as record of rights in english
term. It is a document for identification of land. Documents prepared
through survey for the purpose of determining possession, ownership and
assessing Land Development Tax is known as Khatiyan.

According to Obaidul Haque Chowdhury: ‘ Khatian is the

form in which record of rights is prepared, showing all the
details relating to any particulars interest.

Justice Kazi Ebadul Hoque terms it as ‘ A public document

prepared on conducting and containing the particulars of land’

According to Prf. Mohammad Towhidul Islam,

The record of rights is a legal documents prepared under the
order, guidance and control of the government outlining what
sort of right a person does have on his land, and how he will
enjoy, transfer or use his right on the land.

So it can be said that, A Record of Rights (ROR) is a document

that contains all the necessary information about a land parcel,
including ownership, extent, and encumbrance. It is a key
document for understanding the ownership of a property.

Purpose of Prepared of Record of rights:

The Record of Rights (ROR) is prepared primarily to establish
clear and undisputed land ownership and ensure proper land
administration. Historically, the state owned the land and
collected revenue through intermediaries like zamindars, who
paid a fixed revenue to the state while collecting a larger sum
from land users. .
Today, the Record of Rights serves several purposes:

1. to make the title to land absolute and undisputable

2. to simplify the resolution of land disputes;
3. to simplify the fixation and collection of revenue:
4. to simplify the transfer, sale or purchase of land;
5. to preserve the history of the chain of ownership of land;
6. to maintain the discipline in the land and revenue
administration etc .

PARTICULARS TO BE RECORDED IN THE RECORD-OF-

RIGHTS (RULE 26 OF TENANCY RULES, 1955)
The particulars to be recorded in the Record-of-rights shall
include, either without or in addition to other particulars, same
or all of the following, namely-

1.The name, father’s name and address of each tenant or

occupant;

1. The class to which each such tenant or occupant belongs;

2. The situation, class, quantity and one or more of the

boundaries of the held by each tenant or occupant;

3. The rent payable at the time the Record-of-rights is re-

vise;

4. The amount payable in respect of any rights of pasturage,

forest rights, rights over fisheries and the like at the time
the Record-of-rights is being revised, the conditions and
incidents appertaining to such rights, and if the amount is
a gradually increasing one, the time at which and the
amount by which, it increases;

5. The mode in which the rent has been fixed whether by

contract, by order of a Court, or otherwise;

6. If the rent is a gradually increasing one, the time at which

and the steps by which it increases;

7. The rights and obligations of each tenant in reject of

  The use by tenants, of water for agricultural
purposes, whether obtained from a river, jhil, tank or
well, or any other source of supply, and
 The repair and maintenance of appliances for
securing a supply of water for the cultivation of the
land held by each tenant or for prevention of the
onrush of flood water, whether or not such appliances
be suited within the boundaries of the land;

8. The special conditions and incidents, if any, of the

tenancy;

9. Any right of way or other easement attaching to the land

for which a record-of-rights.

Classification:
In Bangladesh, Khatiyan plays a crucial role in land administration. It
helps in documenting land ownership, changes in ownership, and the
history of land tenure.On the basis of preparation, the Record of
rights can be divided into two –
A. Mutation Khatian
B. Survey Khatian

A.Mutation Khatian:
The Mutation Khatiyan is prepared when there are changes in
the ownership of land, such as through transfer, inheritance, or
settlement. Since surveys are not conducted regularly, there is
a need to update the official land records in the interim. The
Mutation Khatiyan serves this purpose by inserting the names
and details of new owners, transferees, or inheritors into the
record, ensuring that the ownership information remains
accurate.

The preparation of the Mutation Khatiyan is done by the

Assistant Commissioner (Land) (AC Land). These documents are
often handwritten, though in recent years, some AC (Land)
offices have started printing them using computer printers for
greater efficiency. Despite these changes, the Mutation
Khatiyan is considered legally as significant as the original
Survey Khatiyan and is widely accepted as proof of land
ownership once the changes are recorded.
B.Survey Khatian:
The Survey Khatiyan is prepared during official land surveys,
which are carried out periodically by the Department of Land
Records and Surveys. This khatiyan records detailed
information about land ownership and usage within a specific
mouza (a local administrative unit or village). Each time a
survey is conducted, the Survey Khatiyan is revised to reflect
the updated records.

The Survey Khatiyan is printed by the Settlement Press, which

is managed by the Department of Land Records and Surveys.
These khatiyans are then bound into Register No. 1, also known
as the Jamabandi Register. Typically, Register No. 1 contains
information about 100 landowners or families within a mouza. If
a mouza has multiple registers due to a large population, there
will be multiple volumes, each holding 100 records.

Once prepared, the Survey Khatiyan is distributed to several

government offices, including the Department of Land Records
and Surveys, the Deputy Commissioner’s Record Room, the AC
(Land) Office, the Tahsil Office, and the District Judge’s Record
Room. In addition to these, some copies of the Survey Khatiyan
are left unbound and are available for sale at the Deputy
Commissioner’s Record Room. These copies are often referred
to as “sale khatiyans”, as they can be purchased by the public
for legal purposes.

Survey Khatian are disscussed herr-

1. C.S khatian or C.S Record of Rights
2. R.S Khatian of C.S khatian
3. S.A khatian
4. R.S khatian
5. B.S khatian
6. Dhaka city Jorip khatian
7. Bangladesh Revised Survey BRS
8. Diara Survey Record of Rights
9. Provisional Records of Right
10. Petty Khatian

land is a highly
completed issue of human life involving economic,
social, political, cultural and often religious
systems. Land administration is thus a critical element
and often a pre-condition for peaceful
society and sustainable development. In administrating
land, Khatian or record of rights plays
a vital role to determine the rights and interests of the
respective parties as suppoviden