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Aviation Security

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132 views43 pages

Aviation Security

Uploaded by

ayobankss
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Aviation Security

Awareness
01
Definitions
Definition
A combination of measures,
human/material resources intended to
safeguard civil aviation against acts of
unlawful interference.
General Awareness
All crew should be aware of how their actions can affect the security of the
airline, its aircrafts, its customers and crew.

Security Procedures Vigilance


• All security checks and • Specific information about security
procedures must be followed. procedures.
• They must not be discussed • About rigorous enforcement of regulations.
outside the company or within • Personal details and position in the airline.
earshot of customers. • To target crew bags.
• To commit a minor security breach.
Illegal Possession of Company Property
Crewmember IDs Cabin Crew Manuals
• Must not be altered, defaced or • Must be kept safe.
damaged; • Loss must be reported.
• Loss or theft must be reported. • Out of date pages or copies must be
destroyed or returned to the company.
Uniform Items
• All items must be kept safe;
• Lost articles must be reported;
• Must be returned when leaving the
company.
Crew Baggage Procedures
● Ensure bag is properly recorded.
● If a crew bag is not lifted, a missing bag report must be
submitted.
● Crew must safeguard their bags from all form of
interference.
● If travelling with a companion, must not share
baggage with them.
● Check thoroughly if tampering is suspected.
Pre-flight Security Checks
To be carried out as soon as crew board aircraft.
Checks should cover:
● Emergency equipment stowage including areas
under and behind the equipment.
● Jump seat area:
○ Pull down seat pan and check belt recess.
○ Check hinged areas.
○ Check under cushion.
Objective of Security Search
• Locate prohibited items and objects that appear to be out of place;
• It is not the responsibility of the cabin crew or security contractor to confirm
whether an item is an explosive device. Just report that its presence is suspicious.

Crew Actions
• Do not move it.
• Note its location.
• Inform Commander.
• Request second opinion of security agents.
• If confirmed suspicious, all personnel must be withdrawn from aircraft and Police
informed.
02
Acts of Unlawful
Interference
Acts of Unlawful Interference
● Violence, or threat thereof, against a
person on board on aircraft, if the act is
likely to endanger the safety of aircraft;
● Destroying or damaging an aircraft in such
a way it is incapable of flight;
● Placing, or causing to be placed, a device
or substance likely to destroy an aircraft or
parts thereof;
● Communicating information which is
knowingly false, thereby endangering the
safety of an aircraft in flight.
Acts of Unlawful Interference
DVAs

Both on ground or in the air, is considered to be an


Crimes on board infringement of the law committed on board an
aircraft.

Act or deliberate omission, intended to cause damage


Sabotage or destruction to property, resulting in unlawful
interference with civil aviation.

A communicated threat which suggests that the safety


Bomb Threat of an aircraft is in danger by means of explosives or
other devices.

Act of aggression where the aggressor forces the


Hijacking Commander to relinquish part of his authority in
assuming command over the aircraft.
Disruptive, Violent & Abusive pax
One whose behaviour poses a threat to the flight and/or its passengers and crew.
● They represent a small percentage of all pax carried, but their actions have
the potential to jeopardize the safety the aircraft and its occupants.
● Bahaviour can include:
○ Refusal to comply with instructions of the airline.
○ Failure to observe safety and security instructions.
○ Obstructing or hindering crew from performing their duties.
○ Use of threatening or abusive words.
○ Portrayal of threatening or abusive manner towards personnel.
Levels of DVA
Unruly and Disruptive
Refusing to fasten seat belt, smoking in lavatory

Physically Abusive
Kicking, punching, spitting, verbal threats
Life Threatening Behaviour
Deliberately threatens life with or without weapon
Attempted or actual breach of cockpit
Driven by factors like fear, drugs, alcohol or criminal intent
DVA handling Procedures
● If all efforts to contain a DVA fails, notify Commander;
● Log entire behaviour of pax as witnessed by crew and other pax;
● Witness forms should be filled out as soon as practicable by at least two
witnesses;
● PIC may request law enforcement officials to meet aircraft upon arrival;
● After landing, the DVA is met and escorted out by LEO;
● Cabin crew should provide written report to local authorities;
● If DVA becomes compliant in-flight and you feel LEO are no longer required,
notify PIC who will inform the station manager.
03
Flight Deck
Security
Flight Deck Security
● Security regulations require that the flight
deck door is locked and secured at all times
from engine start till shutdown, except for
essential services, or physiological breaks
● Two crew members, one of which must be a
flight crew, must be in the flight deck at all
times.
04
Hijack
Hijack Profile
Phases of Hijack
● Access
● Preparation
● Initiation
● Take Over
● Demand
● Negotiation
Flight Crew Response
• Warn ATC;
• Pass as much information as
time allows;
• Comply with all instructions if
safe to do so.

“75, man with


a knife”
Cabin Crew Response

● Follow your procedure;


● Maintain locked flightdeck door;
● Communicate with other crewmembers
● Control cabin and reassure passengers
● Comply with demands of hijackers unless the safety of passengers or aircraft
is threatened.
Hostage Response
● Shock
● Realization
● Self preservation
Hijack Psychology
● Stockholm Syndrome: Hostages establish a degree of empathy with the
captors as a result of positive contact;
● London Syndrome: Hostages behaviour results in captors resenting them;
● John Wayne Syndrome: Helpless feeling often experienced by male
hostages who wish they could be the hero but are unable to act.
Hijack Resolution
01 02
Distraction & Diversion The Entry

03 04
The Clearance The Evacuation
05
Concealed,
Improvised and
Edged Weapons
Restricted Articles
Articles that could constitute a threat to security or could
be used to commit an act of violence.
● Guns/firearms;
● Crossbow;
● Toy guns of all kinds;
● Pointed edged weapons and sharp objects:
○ Arrows, axes, knives, cleavers, picks, scalpels, flick
knives.
● Any blunt instrument capable of causing injury:
○ Batons, golf clubs, hockey sticks, lacrosse bats;
● Gels/creams/paste/Liquids over 100ml;
● Airport or Operator defined items
06
Recognition of
Firearms and
Explosives
Revolver
Self-loading Pistol
Machine Pistol
Explosives
Bomb exploded as aircraft passed betweem
FL150 & FL120 on descent into Athens
TWA 840 - B727 - 2nd April 1986
● Device was placed under seat 11F by a
woman with terrorist links on an
earlier flight from Cairo to Athens;
● She left the flight at Athens and
continued on to Beirut;
● The TWA aircraft then went on to
Rome and the explosion took place on
the return leg to Athens.
Passenger Offload
07
Bomb Threat
Crew Actions
● NITS Briefing to crew
● Is landing imminent?
● Search using checklist (using correct technique)
● Search crew areas – stations and galleys
● Search of flight deck by flight crew
● Captains PA to passengers
● Search passenger Cabin.
Improvised
Incendiary
Devices
Effective
Aicraft
Search
• When completed
communicate findings
• LRBL Build if necessary
(using the correct
technique).
Blast Effects

Secondary
Thermal Effect
Fragmentation
Extreme Heat
Glass

Pressure Wave
08
Personal Safety &
Security
Safer Travels
● Be aware of the necessity to keep your
personal belongings in sight. Do not leave
your bags lying around Out of sight.
● Check the contents of your bags and
clothing before leaving hotel rooms.
● Ensure bags are locked at all times when
out of sight
● Do not carry letters or parcels for
passengers however innocent they may
appear.
Safety Down Route
● When swapping room numbers, ensure you
are not overheard;
● Notify the Commander or Purser if you must
go into town;
● Leave a number you can be reached on at all
times;
● Use hotel recommended taxi services.

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