GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

(AN AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTION AFFILICATED TO ANNA UNIVERSITY)

COIMBATORE – 13

DEPARTMENT OF MECANICAL ENGINEERING

18MPC707 – SIMULATION LABORATORY

1
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 GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
(AN AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTION AFFILICATED TO ANNA UNIVERSITY)
COIMBATORE – 13

NAME : ……………………………………...
CLASS : ……………………………………...
REGISTER NUMBER : ……………………………………...

Certified to be the bonafide record of work done by the above student in the

18MPC707- SIMULATION LABORATORY during the year 2024 - 2025.

Signature of Lab-in-Charge

Submitted for the Practical Examination held on ______________________

Internal Examiner External Examiner

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 TABLE OF CONTENT
PAGE
EX.NO. DATE TOPIC MARKS SIGNATURE
NO
1 Ansys Fundamentals 9

2 Modelling and Meshing 25

ONE DIMENSIONAL MODEL

3 Structural analysis of stepped block 39

4 Structural analysis of tapered shaft 47

TWO-DIMENSIONAL MODEL
Structural analysis of rectangular plate with
5 55
holes
6 Structural analysis of Spanner 63

THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODEL
Structural analysis of combined beam and
7 71
column
AXISYMMETRIC

8 Structural analysis of axisymmetric membrane 81

BEAM PROBLEM

9 Structural analysis of cantilever beam 89

10 Structural analysis of simple supported beam 99

Structural analysis of simple supported beam
11 109
with moment
Structural analysis of overhanging beam with
12 119
different point loads
Structural analysis of overhanging beam with
13 127
tapper load
STEADY STATE THERMAL PROBELM
Steady state thermal analysis of uranium plate
14 136
(1D)
Steady state thermal analysis of a brick wall
15 145
(1D)
Steady state thermal analysis of composite wall
16 153
(2D)
Steady state thermal analysis of
17 161
Chimney (2D)
TRANSIENT THERMAL PROBLEM

Transient thermal analysis of cylindrical pin

18 169
(3D)

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 STATIC – THERMAL PROBLEM
Indirect coupled field analysis
19 177
MODAL ANALYSIS

20 Modal analysis of cantilever beam 191

21 Harmonic analysis of cantilever beam 199

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 EX.NO DATE
ANSYS FUNDAMENTAL
1

INTRODUCTION

ANSYS is a general-purpose finite element analysis software developed by ANSYS Inc. Ansys is a
global simulation software providing powerful engineering solutions. The environment of Ansys is similar to
most other modelling packages available.

ANSYS PROGRAM

The ANSYS Program is subcategorized into

• Basic level
• Processor routine Level

The Beginner level is a platform where the user creates a new database or load in existing database
from Memory. It provides all file management tools. The beginning level is followed by processor routine
tool.

STARTING ANSYS
The ANSYS Program can be started through ANSYS launcher. Open the ANSYS launcher on desktop.

Start → All Programs → Ansys Product

ANSYS GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE

The Graphical User Interface Provides a simple and interactive mode of communication with the
Ansys Program.

UTILITY MENU
The Utility Menu Contains function such as manipulation of Ansys database and graphical output.
The functions such as file management control and graphics control can be accessed any time. The Options
available are file, Select, list, Plot, Plot Control, workplace, parameters, macro controls and help.

STANDARD TOOL BAR

➢ New analysis
➢ Open ANSYS
➢ Save
➢ Pan Zoom rotate
➢ Image Capture

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COMMAND INPUT WINDOW

The Command Input Window provides an alternative way of interacting with ANSYS Program. It is
Command-based approach.

OUTPUT WINDOW

The Output window displays all Command and even generated during execution of ANSYS.

FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS

INTRODUCTION

Finite Element Analysis is a way to simulate loading conditions on a design and determine the design's
response to those conditions. The design is modelled using discrete building blocks called elements. Each
element has exact equations that describe how it responds to a certain load. The "sum" of the response of all
elements in the model gives the total response of the design. The elements have a finite number of unknowns,
hence the name finite elements.

NEED OF FEA

➢ To reduce the amount of prototype testing

➢ Computer simulation allows multiple "what-if" scenarios to be tested quickly and effectively, to
simulate designs that are not suitable for prototype testing.
• Example: Surgical implants, such as an artificial knee.
➢ The bottom line:
• Cost savings
• Time savings
➢ Create more reliable, better-quality designs

MODEL GENERATION

In ANSYS terminology, model generation usually takes on the narrower meaning of generating the
nodes and elements that represent the spatial volume and connectivity of the actual system. Thus, model
generation in this discussion means the process of defining the geometric configuration of the model's nodes
and elements. The ANSYS program offers the following approaches to model generation. Creating a solid
model within ANSYS. Using direct generation.

SIMULATION

➢ It is the combination of the dynamics of a real-world thing.

➢ It is the process of analysing CAD models to validate the design.

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SOLID MODELLING

➢ Is generally more appropriate for large or complex models, especially 3-D models of solid volumes.
➢ Allows to work with a relatively small number of data items.
➢ Allows geometric operations (such as dragging and rotations) that cannot be done with nodes and
elements.
➢ Supports the use of "primitive" areas and volumes (such as polygonal areas and cylindrical volumes)
and Boolean operations (intersections, subtractions, etc.) for "top down" construction of your model.
➢ Facilitates the ANSYS program's design optimization features.
➢ Is required for adaptive meshing.
➢ Is required in order to area mesh refinement after loads have been applied (solid model loads are also
required).
➢ Readily allows modifications to geometry.
➢ Facilitates changes to element distribution and not bound to one analysis model.
➢ Sometimes require large amounts of CPU time.
➢ Sometimes be more cumbersome, requiring more data entries than direct generation.
➢ Sometimes "fail" (the program will not be able to generate the finite element mesh) under certain
circumstances.

DIRECT GENERATION

➢ Is convenient for small or simple models.

➢ Provides with complete control over the geometry and numbering of every node and every element.
➢ Importing a model created in a computer-aided design (CAD) system.

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

The Various structural analysis problems are,

• Static
• Nodal
• Harmonic
• Transient
• Spectrum
• Buckling

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ANSYS REFERENCE GUIDE

➢ Is usually too time consuming for all but the simplest models, the volume of data must work with can
become overwhelming.
➢ Makes it difficult to modify the mesh (tools such as area mesh refinement, Smart Sizing, etc. cannot
be used) become tedious, requiring you to pay more attention to every detail of your mesh; tedium can
sometimes cause you to become more prone to committing errors.

IMPORTING SOLID MODELS FROM CAD SYSTEM

➢ As an alternative to creating your solid models within ANSYS, you can create them in your favorite
CAD system and then import them into ANSYS for analysis, by saving them in the IGES file format
or in a file format supported by an ANSYS Connection product. Creating a model using a CAD
package has advantages.
➢ However, models imported from CAD systems may require extensive repair if they are not of suitable
quality for meshing.
➢ For more information on importing solid models from IGES files.

IMPORTING SOLID MODELS FROM IGES FILES

➢ As an alternative to creating a solid model directly in ANSYS, you can first create a solid model in
your favourite CAD system, save that model as an IGES file, and then import that model into ANSYS.
Once successfully imported, you can mesh the model just as you would for any model created in
ANSYS.
➢ The topics here cover the native IGES translation filter, not ANSYS Connection products such as
ANSYS Connection for SAT.
➢ The ANSYS Connection products are separately-licensed, separately documented products that are
included on the ANSYS installation CD.

STEPS IN FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS

• Pre-processing
• Solution
• Post-Processing

PRE-PROCESSING

It involves the preparation of Finite elements data such as model coordinates element conductivities,
Boundary Conditions, Loading and Unloading material information.

• Developing mathematical model of problem

• Choosing the appropriate element type and attributing material properties.
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SOLUTION

The software automatically generates matrices that describes the behaviour of each element assembles
them and computer unknown values.

➢ Displacement, temperature, etc.,

➢ Additional derived variable such as reaction forces, stress, heat flow.

POST-PROCESSING

➢ The stage deals with the presentation of results.

➢ Listing the primary and derived quantity.
➢ Plotting deformed structural shapes, Forces, stress, Contours, heat dissipation.
➢ Computing factor of safety and stress concentration

SAVE ANSYS FILE

➢ To save the Ansys file there are two methods

• Screenshot
• Image capture
➢ For screenshot follow,

Press and hold windows + Print screen

➢ For image capture follow,

Utility menu → Report generation (small tab will open) → Image capture → Give file name →
defined path location → Save
➢ The generated image will be saved in the defined path

GENERAL ANALYSIS PROCEDURE

BUILD SIMULATION MODEL

➢ Clear database
➢ Define a job name
➢ Change directory and assign new file or analysis.
➢ Choose appropriate element type.
➢ Develop the geometric model of problem
➢ Mesh the model
➢ Improve boundary and loading conditions

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APPLIACATION OF ANSYS

➢ ANSYS is a complete FEA software package used by engineers worldwide in virtually all
fields of engineering:
• Structural
• Thermal
• Fluid, including CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics)
• Electrical/Electrostatics
• Electromagnetics
➢ A partial list of industries in which ANSYS is used:
• Aerospace
• Automotive
• Biomedical
• Bridges & Buildings

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ELEMENT CLASSIFICATION TABLE

CLASSIFICATION ELEMENT
Structural Point MASS21
Structural Line LINK1, LINK8, LINK10, LINK11, LINK180
Structural Beam BEAM3, BEAM23, BEAM4, BEAM24, BEAM38, BEAM188, BEAM189
PLANE2, PLANE25, PLANE42, PLANE82, PLANE83, PLANE145,
Structural Solid PLANE146, PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID45, SOLID46, SOLID65,
SOLID92, SOLID95, SOLID97, SOLID145, SOLID186
SHELL41, SHELL43, SHELL63, SHELL93, SHELL131, SHELL181,
Structural Shell
SHELL281
Structural Pipe PIPE16, PIPE17, PIPE18, PIPE20, PIPE59, PIPE60
Structural multi-point INTER192, INTER193, INTER194, INTER195
Structural Layered SOLID46, SHELL91, SOLID99, SOLID186 Layered Solid, SOLSH190,
Composite SOLID191
LINK160, BEAM161, PLANE162, SOLID164, COMBI165, MASS166,
Explicit Dynamics
LINK167
Visco Solid VISCO88, VISCO89, VISCO106, VISCO107
Thermal Point MASS71
Thermal Line LINK31, LINK32, LINK33, LINK34
Thermal Solid PLANE35, PLANE75, PLANE77, PLANE78
Thermal Shell SHELL57, SHELL131, SHELL132
Thermal Electric PLANE67, LINK68, SOLID69, SHELL157
FLUID29, FLUID30, FLUID38, FLUID79, FLUID80, FLUID81, FLUID116,
Fluid FLUID117, FLUID136, FLUID138, FLUID139, FLUID140, FLUID141,
FLUID142
Magnetic Electric PLANE53, SOLID96, SOLID97, INTER115
Electric Circuit SOURCE36, CIRCU94, CIRCU124, CIRCU125
Electromechanical TRANS109, TRANS126
SOLID5, PLANE13, SOLID26, SOLID98, ROM144, PLANE223,
Coupled-Field
SOLID226, SOLID227
CONTACT12, CONTACT52, CONTACT58, TARGET169, TARGET170,
Contact
CONTACT170, CONTACT172, CONTACT174, CONTACT175
Combination COMBIN7, COMBIN14, COMBIN37, COMBIN39
Matrix MATRIX27, MATRIX50
Infinite INFIN9, INFIN47, INFIN110, INFIN114
Surface SURF151, SURF152, SURF153, SURF154, SURF156
Follower Load FOLLW201
Meshing MESH200

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PERFORM ANALYSIS

REVIEW THE RESULTS

➢ Plot and list the results

➢ Define element analysis
➢ Image capture and documentation

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

LAB: SIMULATION LABORATORY (18MPC707)
MARKS ALLOCATION
MARKS MARKS
DESCRIPTION
OBTAINED AWARDED
OBSERVATION 10
MODELLING, ANALYZING & CALCULATION 30
RECORD 10
VIVAVOCE 10
TOTAL 60

CONCLUSION
Thus, the layout and various commands of Ansys, with the process of Finite Element Analysis (FEA)
has been studied.

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 MODELLING AND MESHING
MODAL A: HEXAGONAL BLOCK

MESHED VIEW

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 EX.NO DATE
MODELLING AND MESHING
2

AIM
To create and mesh the model given using analyse software.

SOFTWARE
ANSYS 19.2

MODAL A: HEXAGONAL BLOCK

PROCEDURE
STEP 1: PREFERENCE

Preference → Structural → Ok

STEP 2: PREPROCESSOR
• ELEMENT TYPE
➢ Define the element by doing the following steps:

Element Type → Add/Edit/Delete → Add → Solid → Brick 8 node 185 → SOLID185 will appear→
Close

• MODELING
➢ The modal is created by making key points doing the following steps:

Modelling → Create → Key points → In active CS → Enter the value below tabulate → OK

KEYPOINT NO. 1 2 3 4 5 6
X 0 42 63 42 0 -21
Y 0 0 36 72 72 36

➢ After the area has been created by connecting the KPs.

Modelling → Create → Areas → Through KPs → Pick KPs ascendingly → OK

➢ The volume has been made through the following step.

Modelling → Operate → Extrude → X = 0, Y = 0, Z = 20 → OK

• MESHING
➢ Now the meshing is done by doing the following steps

Mesh tool → Smart Size → fine value = 3 → Mesh → Pick all → OK

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MODAL B: FLANGE

MESHED VIEW

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MODAL B: FLANGE
PROCEDURE
STEP 1: PREFERENCE

Preference → Structural → OK.

STEP 2: PREPROCESSOR
• ELEMENT TYPE
➢ Define the element by doing the following steps:

Element Type → Add/Edit/Delete → Add → Solid → Brick 8 node 185 → SOLID185 will appear→
Close

• MODELLING
➢ First to draw the other flange Ring by doing the following step

Modelling Create → Volume → Cylinder → Solid Cylinder → Enter the table value below →Ok

CIRCLE NO. WP X WP Y RADIUS DEPTH

1 0 0 25 10
2 0 0 10 20
3 15 0 2 10
4 0 15 2 10
5 -15 0 2 10
6 0 -15 2 10

➢ Using the Boolean subtract the circle from the ring circle.

Modelling → Operate → Boolean → Subtract → Pick Total area of the flange → OK → Pick the area
of the Circle no. 3,4,5,6 to be subtract → OK

• MESHING
➢ Now the meshing is done by doing the following steps

Mesh tool → Smart Size → fine value = 3 → Mesh → Pick all → OK

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MODAL C: RECTANGULAR BLOCK WITH HOLE

MESHED VIEW

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MODAL C: RECTANGULAR BLOCK WITH HOLE
PROCEDURE
STEP 1: PREFERENCE

Preference → Structural → OK.

STEP 2: PREPROCESSOR
• ELEMENT
➢ Define the element by doing the following steps:

Element Type → Add/Edit/Delete → Add → Solid → Brick 8 node 185 → SOLID185 will appear→
Close

• MODELLING
➢ First to draw the rectangular block by doing the following step

Modelling → Create → Volume → Block → By 2 Corner & Z → Enter X = 0, Y = 0, Width = 15,

Height = 15, Depth = 100 → OK

➢ To create the Hollow circle by making a solid circle in the rectangular block and subtract
them.

Modelling → Create → Volume → Cylinder → Solid Cylinder → Enter the table value below → OK

CIRCLE NO. WP X WP Y RADIUS DEPTH

1 3.25 3.25 1 100
2 10.75 3.25 1 100
3 10.75 10.75 1 100
4 3.25 10.75 1 100

Modelling → Operate → Boolean → Subtract → Pick Total area of the Rectangular Block→ OK →
Pick the area of the Circle no. 1,2,3,4 to be subtract → OK

• MESHING
➢ Now the meshing is done by doing the following steps

Mesh tool → Smart Size → fine value = 3 → Mesh → Pick all → OK

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MODAL D: TENSILE TEST SPECIMEN

MESHED VIEW

30
MODAL D: TENSILE TEST SPECIMEN
PROCEDURE
STEP 1: PREFERENCE

Preference → Structural → OK.

STEP 2: PREPROCESSOR
• ELEMENT TYPE
➢ Define the element by doing the following steps

Element Type → Add/Edit/Delete → Add → Solid → Quad 4 node 182 → PLANE 182 will appear→
Close

• MODELING
➢ The Modal are created by making key points doing the following steps:

Modelling → Create → Key points → In active CS → Enter the value below tabulate → OK

KEYPOINT NO. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
X 0 20 20 17 17 20 20 0 0 3 3 0
Y 0 0 25 25 100 100 125 125 100 100 25 25

➢ After the area has been created by connecting the KPs.

Modelling → Create → Areas → Through KPs → Pick KPs ascend → OK

• MESHING
➢ Now the meshing is done by doing the following steps]

Mesh tool → Smart Size → fine value = 3 → Mesh → Pick all → OK

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MODAL E: PLATE WITH HOLES

MESHED VIEW

32
MODAL E: PLATE WITH HOLES
PROCEDURE
STEP 1: PREFERENCE

Preference → Structural → OK.

STEP 2: PREPROCESSOR
• ELEMENT TYPE
➢ Define the element by doing the following steps:

Element Type → Add/Edit/Delete → Add → Solid → Quad 4 node 182 → PLANE 182 will appear→
Close

• MODELING
➢ The Modal are created by making key points doing the following steps:

Modelling → Create → Key points → In active CS → Enter the value below tabulate → OK

KEYPOINT NO. 1 2 3 4
X 0 5 3.5 1.5
Y 0 0 -5 -5

➢ Then draw a circle through areas.

Modelling → Create → Areas → Circles → Solid Circle → Enter the tabulate value → OK

CIRCLE NO. X Y RADIUS

1 2.5 -5 1
2 2.5 -5 0.5

➢ Then using Boolean intersect the circle and the area, after that subtract the circle areas.

Modelling → Operate → Boolean → Subtract → Pick Total area of the Circle 1→ OK → Pick the
area of the Circle no. 2 to be subtract → OK

• MESHING
➢ Now the meshing is done by doing the following steps

Mesh tool → Smart Size → fine value = 3 → Mesh → Pick all → OK

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MODAL F: FINS

MESHED VIEW

34
MODAL F: FINS
PROCEDURE
STEP 1: PREFERENCE

Preference → Structural → OK.

STEP 2: PREPROCESSOR
• ELEMENT TYPE
➢ Define the element by doing the following steps:

Element Type → Add/Edit/Delete → Add → Solid → Quad 4 node 182 → PLANE 182 will appear→
Close

• MODELING
➢ The Modal are created by making key points doing the following steps:

Modelling → Create → area → Rectangular by 2 corners → Enter the value below tabulate → OK

KEYPOINT NO. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
X 4 0 0 4 4 8 11 13 15 17 19
Y 0 7 3 2.5 7 7 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
Width 16.5 4 4 6 2 2 1 1 1 1 1
Height 2.5 1 1 4.5 3 2 6 6 6 6 6

➢ Then using Boolean add the areas through the following steps.

Modelling → Operate → Boolean → add → Area → Pick all → OK

• MESHING

➢ Now the meshing is done by doing the following steps

Mesh tool → Smart Size → Fine value = 3 → Mesh → Pick all → Ok

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36
 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
LAB: SIMULATION LABORATORY (18MPC707)
MARKS ALLOCATION
MARKS MARKS
DESCRIPTION
OBTAINED AWARDED
OBSERVATION 10
MODELLING, ANALYZING & CALCULATION 30
RECORD 10
VIVAVOCE 10
TOTAL 60

RESULT
Thus, the modelling and meshing of the various structural modes are performed using ANSYS 19.2.

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 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF STEPPED BLOCK
PROBLEM
Determine the deflection and stress in the three different bars as shown in the figure

AREA 1 = 314 mm2

AREA 2 = 78.83 mm2
AREA 3 = 176.71 mm2

2D ELEMENTAL VIEW

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 EX.NO DATE
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF STEPPED BLOCK
3

AIM

To analyse and find the maximum deflection and maximum and minimum stresses for the given
stepped shaft problem using analysis software.

SOFTWARE
ANSYS 19.2

PROCEDURE

STEP 1: PREFERENCE

Preference → Structural → OK

STEP 2: PREPROCESSOR
• ELEMENT TYPE
➢ Define the element by doing the following steps:

Element Type → Add/Edit/Delete → Add → Link → 2D Spar → LINK180 will appear→ Ok → Clos

• MATERIAL PROPERTIES
➢ The material properties are defined by doing the following steps:

Material Props → Material Models → Material Model Number 1 → structural → Linear → Elastic →
Isotropic → EX = 0.67e5, PRXY = 0.34 → OK

Material Props → Material Models → Material Model Number 2 → structural → Linear → Elastic →
Isotropic → EX = 2.1e5, PRXY = 0.3 → OK

Material Props → Material Models → Material Model Number 3 → structural → Linear → Elastic →
Isotropic → EX = 1.23e5, PRXY = 0.26→ OK

• SECTION
➢ After given the material props section have to been defined by following the steps below.

Section → Link → Add → ID = 1 → OK → Section Name = ALUMINIUM → Link Area = 314

Section → Link → Add → ID = 2 → OK → Section Name = STEEL → Link Area = 78.83 → Apply

Section → Link → Add → ID = 3 → OK → Section Name = COPPER → Link Area = 176.71 → OK

39
 DISPLACEMENT VIEW

DEFORMED + UNDEFORMED SHAPE

40
 • MODELLING
➢ The Nodes are created by doing the following steps for

Create → Nodes → In active CS → enter the value in the table below → OK

NODE NO. X Y Z
1 0 0 0
2 200 0 0
3 400 0 0
4 600 0 0

➢ To define the appropriate area for the appropriate elements follows the step below

Create → Element → Element Attribute → Element Type Number = 1 Link180, Material Number =
1, Section Number = 1ALU → OK → Auto Numbered → Thru Node → Pick Node 1& 2 → OK

Create → Element → Element Attribute → Element Type Number = 1 Link180, Material Number =
2, Section Number = 2 STEEL → OK → Auto Numbered → Thru Node → Pick Node 2 & 3 → OK

Create → Element → Element Attribute → Element Type Number = 1 Link180, Material Number =
3, Section Number = 3 COPPER → OK → Auto Numbered → Thru Node → Pick Node 3& 4 → OK

• LOADS
➢ Displacement can be applied by define the elements through the following steps.

Loads → Define Loads → Structural → Displacement → On Nodes → Pick node 1 →OK → Pick
“ALL DOF” → OK

➢ Force can be applied through the steps

Loads → Define Loads → Structural → Forces → On Nodes → Pick Node 4 → OK → Direction = FX

→ Force/Moment value = 10000 → OK

STEP 3: SOLUTION

Solve → Current LS → Ok → Message will display "Solution is Done" → Close

STEP 4: GENERAL POSTPROCESS

The required results can be through the following steps.
• PLOT RESULT

Deformed Shape → Def + Undeformed → OK → Plot Controls → Style → Size and Shape → Display
of element = On → OK → Save the Results.

Contour plots → Nodal Solu → stress → X component Stress → OK → Save the Results.

41
NODAL SOLUTION – STRESS

LINE STRESS

42
 • QUERY RESULT

Sub grid Solution → DOF VS Translation → Tick “Generate 3D anno” in Query sub grid menu → Ok
→ Pick the node where the stress needs to show → Take the three needed result.

• LIST RESULT

Nodal Solution → DOF solution → X Component of Displacement → OK → File → Save as → OK.

Nodal Solution → Stress → X Component of Stress → OK → File → Save as → OK.

• ELEMENT TABLE
The elements required to obtain Axial stress and Axial strain can be added by the following steps
taken the helpdesk by typing HELP, LINK180 and from TABLE 180.1 AND TABLE 180.2

SL.NO DESCRIPTION NOTATION ITEM I J

1 Axial stress AX LS 1 2
2 Axial Strain AXST LEPE 1 2

Element table → Define table → Add → User label as follows → Enter the suitable value from the
table → Ok

DESCRIPTION LABLE ITEM SEQUENCE NUMBER

AXI LS 1
AXIAL STRESS
AXJ LS 2
AXSTI LEPE 1
AXIAL STRAIN
AXSTJ LEPE 2

• PLOT RESULT

Line Elem Result → Choose Node I & Choose Node I and J between the above table label → OK →
Save the results for the above four values.

43
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OUTPUT:
1. Displacement in X direction
i. At node 01 = 0.0000 mm
ii. At node 02 = 0.8155 mm (maximum)
iii. At node 03 = 0.2089 mm
iv. At node 04 = 0.4355 mm
2. Stress in beams
i. At element 01 = 113.26 N/mm2
ii. At element 02 = 160.55 N/mm2
iii. At element 03 = 211.21 N/mm2

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

LAB: SIMULATION LABORATORY (18MPC707)
MARKS ALLOCATION
MARKS MARKS
DESCRIPTION
OBTAINED AWARDED
OBSERVATION 10
MODELLING, ANALYSING & CALCULATION 30
RECORD 10
VIVAVOCE 10
TOTAL 60

RESULT

The Stepped Shaft has been analysed and the maximum deformation is obtained. Minimum &
Maximum stress have obtained using ANSYS 19.2.

45
 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF AXIALLY LOADED MEMBRANE (TAPPER
SHAFT)
PROBLEM
Find the extension of the bar shown in the figure under an axial load of the 20 KN. Take E = 200
GN/m2 and also determine the stress in various cross section.

GIVEN:
P = 20 kN = 20000 N
E = 200 GN/mm2 = 2×105 = N/mm2

2D ELEMENTAL VIEW

46
 EX.NO DATE
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF TAPERED SHAFT
4

AIM
To perform the structural analysis of a tapered shaft made of same material and plot the results.

SOFTWARE
ANSYS 19.2

PROCEDURE
STEP 1: PREFERENCE

Preference → Structural → OK

STEP 2: PREPROCESSOR

• ELEMENT TYPE
➢ Define the element by doing the following steps:

Element type → Add/Edit/Delete → Add → Beam → 2 Node 188 →Beam 188 will appear → OK →
Close

• MATERIAL PROPS
➢ The material properties are defined by doing the following steps

Material Props → Material Models → Material Model Number 1 → structural → Linear → Elastic →
Isotropic → EX = 2E5, PRXY = 0.3 → OK

• SECTION
➢ After given the material props section have to been defined by following the steps below.

Section→ Beam → Common Section → Enter the table below → OK.

CIRCLE NO. ID NO. SUBTYPE RADIUS

1 1 Circular 12.5
3 2 Circular 7.5

➢ To define the taper section, follow the step.

Section → Beam → Taper Section → By XYZ Location → Section ID = 3, Section Name = Taper,
XYZ Location Beginning Section 1 = 400, XYZ Location Beginning Section 2 = 800 → OK

47
DISPLACEMENT DIAGRAM

NODAL SOLUTION – STRESS

48
 • MODELLING
➢ The Nodes are created by doing the following steps for

Create → Nodes → In active CS → enter the value in the table below → OK

NODE NO. X Y Z
1 0 0 0
2 400 0 0
3 800 0 0
4 1200 0 0

➢ To define the appropriate area for the appropriate elements follows the step below

Create → Element → Element Attribute → Element Type Number = 1 BEAM188, Material Number
= 1, Section Number = 1 → OK → Auto Numbered → Thru Node → Pick Node 1& 2 → OK

Create → Element → Element Attribute → Element Type Number = 1 BEAM188, Material Number
= 1, Section Number = 3 → OK → Auto Numbered → Thru Node → Pick Node 2&3 → OK

Create → Element → Element Attribute → Element Type Number = 1 BEAM188, Material Number
= 1, Section Number = 2 → OK → Auto Numbered → Thru Node → Pick Node 3 & 4 → OK

• LOADS
➢ Displacement can be applied by define the elements through the following steps.

Loads → Define Loads → Apply → structural → Displacement → On Nodes → Pick node 1 →OK →
Pick “ALL DOF” → OK

➢ Force can be applied through the steps

Loads → Define Loads → Apply structural → Forces → On Nodes → Pick Node 4 → OK →

Direction = FX → Force/Moment value = 20000→ OK

STEP 3: SOLUTION

Solve → Current LS →Ok → Message will display "Solution is Done" → Close

STEP 4: GENERAL POSTPROCESS

The required results can be through the following steps.
• PLOT RESULT

Deformed Shape → Def + Undeformed → OK → Plot Controls → Style → Size and Shape → Display
of element = On → OK → Save the Results.

Contour plots → Nodal Solu → stress → X component Stress → OK → Save the Results.

49
LINE STRESS

50
 • QUERY RESULT

Sub grid Solution →DOF VS Translation → Tick “Generate 3D anno” in Query sub grid menu →
OK → Pick the node where the stress need to show → Take the three needed result.

• LIST RESULT

Nodal Solution → DOF solution → X Component of Displacement → OK → File → Save as → OK.

Nodal Solution → Stress → X Component of Stress → OK → File → Save as → OK.

• ELEMENT TABLE
The elements required to obtain axial direct stress, axial strain, and elastic strain can be added by
the following steps taken from the table through the helpdesk by typing HELP, BEAM188 and from
TABLE 188.1 AND 188.2.

SL.NO DESCRIPTION NOTATION ITEM I J

1 Axial direct stress SDIR SMISC 31 36
2 Axial Strain EX SMISC 7 20
3 Elastic strain EPELxx LEPEL 1 1

Element table → Define table → Add → User label as follows → Enter the suitable value from the
table → Ok

DESCRIPTION LABLE ITEM SEQUENCE NUMBER

AXI SMISC 31
AXIAL STRESS
AXJ SMISC 36
AXSTI SMISC 7
AXIAL STRAIN
AXSTJ SMISC 20
EPELI LEPEL 1
ELASTIC STRAIN
EPELJ LEPEL 1

• PLOT RESULT

Line Elem Result → Choose Node I & Choose Node J between the above table label → OK → Save
the results for the above four values.

51
52
OUTPUT
1. Displacements in x direction

i. At Node 1 = 0.0000 mm
ii. At Node 2 = 0.8155 mm (Max)
iii. At Node 3 = 0.2089 mm
iv. At Node 4 = 0.4355 mm

2. Stresses in Beam

i. At Element 1 = 113.26 N/mm2

ii. At Element 2 = 150.55 N/mm2
iii. At Element 3 = 211.21 N/mm2

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

LAB: SIMULATION LABORATORY (18MPC707)
MARKS ALLOCATION
MARKS MARKS
DESCRIPTION
OBTAINED AWARDED
OBSERVATION 10
MODELLING, ANALYZING AND CALCULATION 30
RECORD 10
VIVAVOCE 10
TOTAL 60

RESULT
Thus, the deflections and stress are determined for given tapered shaft Problems using ANSYS 19.2.

53
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF RECTANGULAR PLATE WITH HOLES

MESHED VIEW

54
 EX.NO. STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF RECTANGULAR PLATE DATE
5 WITH HOLES

AIM
To analyse the given rectangular plate having holes using analysing software by considering the
model as a 2D Problem.

SOFTWARE
ANSYS 19.2

PROCEDURE
STEP 1: PREFERENCE

Preference → Structural → OK

STEP 2: PREPROCESSOR
• ELEMENT TYPE
➢ Define the element by doing the following steps:

Element type → Add/Edit/Delete → Add → Solid → Quad 4 node 182 → OK → PLANE182 will
appear → OK → Options → Element Behaviour = Plane Stress with Thickness → OK → Close

• REAL CONSTANT
➢ To define the Thickness of the model real constant values are given by following the steps.

Real Constant → Add/Edit/Delete → Add → OK → Thickness = 10 → OK → Close

• MATERIAL PROPS
➢ The material properties are defined by doing the following steps:

Material Props → Material Models → Material Model Number 1 → structural → Linear → Isotropic
→ EX = 2e5, PRXY = 0.3 → OK

55
DEFORMED + UNDEFORMED SHAPE

VONMISES STRESS

56
 • MODELLING
➢ The Areas for the rectangle are created by doing the following steps

Create → Areas → Rectangle → By 2 Corners → Enter the value on the table below→ OK

Rectangle
VP-X VP-Y Width Height
number
1 0 0 200 100

➢ The Areas for the Circles are created by doing the following steps

Create → Areas → Circle → Solid Circle → Enter the Value on the table Below → Apply → OK

Circle number VP-X VP-Y Radius

1 50 50 10
2 100 50 10
3 150 50 10

➢ To subtract the Circle from the Rectangle following the steps

Operate → Booleans → Subtract → Areas → Pick the total area of the object → OK → Pick the area of
the circle to be subtract → OK

• MESHING

➢ Now the meshing is done by doing the following steps

Mesh tool → Smart Size → Fine value = 1 → Mesh → Pick all → OK

➢ If the fine mesh is needed for the particular area/line/node then,

Size Controls → Manual Size → Lines → Picked Lines → Pick the outer Line of the circle → OK → No
of element Division = 100 → OK → Mesh tool → Mesh → Pick all → OK

• LOADS
➢ The Loads of the elements have been set through the steps

Loads → Define → Apply → Structural → Displacement → On lines → Pick the outer line of the holes
→ OK → Pick “ALL DOF” → OK

➢ The Force on the plates is given through the pressure

Loads → Define → Apply → Structural → Pressure → On Lines → Pick top line of the rectangle →
OK → Load PRES Value = 0.1 → OK

57
VON MISES
STRESS

VONMISES STRESS GRAPH

58
STEP 3: SOLUTION

Solve → Current LS → Ok → Message will display "Solution is Done" → Close

STEP 4: GENERAL POSTPROCESS

The required results can be through the following steps
• PLOT RESULT

Deformed Shape → Def + Undeformed → OK → Save the Results

Contour plots → Nodal Solu → stress → Von mises stress → OK → Save the Results

• QUERY RESULT

Sub grid Solution →DOF VS Translation UY → Tick “Generate 3D anno” in Query sub grid menu →
OK → Pick the node where the stress needs to show → Take the three needed result

Sub grid Solution →Stress VS Translation UX → OK → Pick the node where the stress need to show
→ Take the three needed result

• LIST RESULT

Nodal Solution → DOF solution → Y Component of Displacement → OK → File → Save as → OK.

Nodal Solution → Stress → Von Mises Stress → OK → File → Save as → OK.

• PATH OPEARTION

Define Path → By Nodes → Pick no. of nodes on your basics → OK → Define Path Name → ABC.

Map Onto Path → ABC → Stress vs Von mises Stress → OK

Plot Path Items → On Graph → Pick “ABC” → Ok

59
60
OUTPUT
VON MISES STRESS

i. Maximum = 200.01 N/mm2

ii. Minimum = 166.008 N/mm2

STRESS VS DISTANCE

1. At distance 20 = 208.01 N/mm2

2. At distance 40 = 481.02 N/mm2
3. At distance 60 = 368.32 N/mm2
4. At distance 80 = 723.23 N/mm2
5. At distance 100 = 960.028 N/mm2
6. At distance 110 = 260.07 N/mm2
7. At distance 119= 87003 N/mm2

FROM THE GRAPH

1. From graph, at 20.001 mm distance von mises stress △ = 0.96 N/mm2

2. From graph, at 160.008 mm distance von mises stress △ = 0.6 N/mm2

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

LAB: SIMULATION LABORATORY (18MPC707)
MARKS ALLOCATION
MARKS MARKS
DESCRIPTION
OBTAINED AWARDED
OBSERVATION 10
MODELLING, ANALYSING & CALCULATION 30
RECORD 10
VIVAVOCE 10
TOTAL 60

RESULT
Thus, the Von mises stresses are determined for given problems respectively using ANSYS 19.2. The
model was analysed by considering 2D problem and results are obtained.

61
 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF SPANNER

PROBLEM
Determine the stresses in the wrench shown in figure. Let E = 200 GPa and v = 0.25, and assume
uniform thickness t = 10mm.

70 kN

1 Pascal = 1 N/m2
1 GP = 109 N/m2
200 GP = 2 × 1011 N/m2
200 GP = 2 × 105 N/mm2

MESHED VIEW

62
EX.NO. DATE
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF SPANNER
6

AIM
To Determine the Stresses in the given Wrench Model using the analysing software.

SOFTWARE
ANSYS 19.2

PROCEDURE
STEP 1: PREFERENCE

Preference → Structural → OK

STEP 2: PREPROCESSOR
• ELEMENT TYPE
➢ Define the element by doing the following steps:

Element Type → Add/Edit/Delete → Add →Solid → Quad 4 Node 182 → Ok → Close

• REAL CONSTANT
➢ Define the element thickness by doing the following steps

Real constant → Add/Edit/Delete → Add → Thickness T=10 → OK → Close

• MATERIAL PROPS
➢ The material properties are defined by doing the following steps:

Material Props → Material Models → Material Model Number 1 → structural → Linear → Elastic →
Isotropic → EX = 2E5, PRXY = 0.25 → OK

63
DEFLECTION

64
• MODELLING
➢ The Nodes are created by doing the following steps for

Create → Key points → In active CS → enter the value in the table below → OK

KEYPOINTS XYZ COORDINATES

NO X Y Z
1 0 0 0
2 -20 10 0
3 -40 50 0
4 -40 90 0
5 12.5 160 0
6 106 392 0
7 156 392 0
8 63 160 0
9 115 90 0
10 115 50 0
11 95 10 0
12 75 0 0
13 75 50 0
14 55 70 0
15 15 70 0
16 0 50 0

➢ Connect the key points using the line key through the following steps

Modelling → Create → areas → Connect all Key points → OK

➢ After connecting the key points, the area has to been determined through the steps.

Create → Area → Arbitrary → By lines → Pick all lines → OK

• MESHING
➢ Now the meshing is done by doing the following steps

Mesh tool → Smart Size → Fine value = 1 → Mesh → Pick all → Ok

65
DEFLECTION

66
 • LOADS
➢ Displacement can be applied by define the elements through the following steps.

Loads → Define Loads → structural → Displacement → On lines → inner hexagonal lines→OK →

Pick “ALL DOF” → OK

➢ Force can be applied through the steps

Loads → Define Loads → Structural → Forces → On areas → Select box pick→Top handling area→
OK → FX → Force/Moment value = 7000 → OK

STEP 3: SOLUTION

Solve → Current LS → Ok → Message will display "Solution is Done" → Close

STEP 4: GENERAL POSTPROCESS

The required results can be through the following steps.
• PLOT RESULT

Contour plots → Nodal Solu → stress → Von Mises Stress → OK → Save the Results.

67
68
OUTPUT

VON MISES STRESS

i. Maximum = 2302.4 N/mm2

ii. Minimum = 1.9743 N/mm2

NODE AND STRESS

1. At node 01 = 111.49 N/mm2

2. At node 02 = 49.330 N/mm2
3. At node 03 = 66.868 N/mm2
4. At node 04 = 43.282 N/mm2
5. At node 05 = 1109.6 N/mm2
6. At node 06 = 5.4670 N/mm2
7. At node 07 = 4.9361 N/mm2
8. At node 08 = 2302.4 N/mm2

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

LAB: SIMULATION LABORATORY (18MPC707)
MARKS ALLOCATION
MARKS MARKS
DESCRIPTION
OBTAINED AWARDED
OBSERVATION 10
MODELLING, ANALYZING & CALCULATION 30
RECORD 10
VIVAVOCE 10
TOTAL 60

RESULTS
Thus, the Stresses in the given Wrench Model is analysed and the results are determined using
ANSYS 19.2.
69
 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF COMBINED BEAM AND COLUMN

GIVEN DATA

MESHED VIEW

70
 EX.NO. STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF COMBINED BEAM AND DATE
7 COLUMN

AIM
To perform the structural analysis of the combined beam and column for the given loading and plot
the results.

SOFTWARE
ANSYS 19.2

PROCEDURE
STEP 1: PREFERENCE

Preference → Structural → OK

STEP 2: PREPROCESSOR
• ELEMENT TYPE
➢ Define the element by doing the following steps:

Element Type → Add/Edit/Delete → Add → Solid → Brick 8 Node 185 → OK → Plane185 will
appear → Close

• MATERIAL PROPS
➢ The material properties are defined by doing the following steps:

Material Props → Material Models → Material Model Number 1 → Structural → Linear → Elastic
→ Isotropic → EX=2E7, PRXY=0.3 → OK.

71
 DEFORMED SHAPE

VON MISES STRESS DSITRIBUTION

72
 • MODELING
➢ The key points are created by doing the following steps

Modelling → Create → Volumes → Block → By dimensions → Enter the table value below in the
Create block by dimensions → OK

X - Coordinates Y - Coordinates Z - Coordinates

BLOCK NO
X1 X2 Y1 Y2 Z1 Z2
1 0 550 0 50 0 35
2 180 220 0 -300 0 35

➢ To combine the both blocks into single block do the following steps

Operate → Booleans → Add → By Volumes → Pick all → OK

• MESH
➢ Now the meshing is done by doing the following steps

Mesh tool → Smart Size → Fine value = 3 → Mesh → Pick all → OK

• LOADS
➢ Constraints can be given by doing the following steps, first node is constrained by doing the
following steps.

Loads → Define Load → Apply → Structural → Displacement → On Areas → Right side end of the
Beam Section → OK → Pick ALL DOF → Apply → Pick Bottom Surface area → OK → Pick UY →
OK

➢ To define the given load value through the steps below.

Loads → Define Loads → Apply → Structural → Force/Moment → On nodes → Pick the Left Side of
Column → OK → Apply → Direction = FY → Force Value = -10000 → OK.

STEP 3: SOLUTION

Solve → Current LS → Ok → Message will display "Solution is Done" → Close

73
GRAPH (VON MISES STRESS DISTRIBUTION

ALONG THE X AXIS

ALONG THE Y AXIS

74
STEP 4: GENERAL POSTPROCESS
The required results can be through the following steps.
• PLOT RESULT

Plot Results → Deformed Shape → Def + Undeformed → OK → Save the Results.

Plot Controls → Animate → Deformed Shape → Pick Def + Undeformed Option → OK.

Plot Results → Contour Plots → Nodal Solu → Stress → Von Mises Stress → OK → Save the Results.

• LIST RESULT

List Result → Nodal Solutions → DOF Solution → Y-Component of displacement → OK → Save the
Results.

• QUERY RESULT

Sub grid Solution → DOF Solution vs Displacement → Tick “Generate 3D anno” in Query sub grid
menu → OK → Pick the node where the Deflection need to show → Take the three results.

• PATH OPERATION

Define path → By Node → select the no. of node points → OK → Define path Name = ABC → OK.

Map onto path → User label item = ABC → Select DOF solution, Temperature TEMP → OK.

Plot path Item → On graph → Select ABC → OK → Save the Results.

75
76
OUTPUT

The maximum deformation (X Axis) is 0.013867 cm.

DISPLACEMENT IN Y DIRECTION (in cm)

1. At Node 23 = 0.11904E-002 cm
2. At Node 24 = 0.53931E-003 cm
3. At Node 25 = 0.39072E-003 cm
4. At Node 53 = -0.11922E-004 cm
5. At Node 54 =-0.38234E-004 cm
6. At Node 55 =-0.72791E-004 cm
7. At Node 104 =-0.12222E-001 cm

VON MISES STRESS (in N/cm2)

MINIMUM VALUES
NODE 110 115 110 114 114
VALUE -44.437 -81.679 -201.00 14.541 12.604

MAXIMUM VALUES
NODE 39 28 39 110 111
VALUE 160.86 43.671 25.302 156.56 149.74

FROM THE GRAPH

1. From graph of X axis, at 90 cm distance von mises stress = 48.303 N/cm2
2. From graph of X axis, at 175 cm distance von mises stress = 74.808 N/cm2
3. From graph of Y axis, at 75 cm distance von mises stress = 64.499 N/cm2
4. From graph of Y axis, at 245 cm distance von mises stress = 80.693 N/cm2

77
78
 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
LAB: SIMULATION LABORATORY (18MPC707)
MARKS ALLOCATION
MARKS MARKS
DESCRIPTION
OBTAINED AWARDED
OBSERVATION 10
MODELLING, ANALYZING AND CALCULATION 30
RECORD 10
VIVAVOCE 10
TOTAL 60

RESULT
Thus, the combined beam and column has been analyzed for the given loading conditions and the
outputs like maximum deformation, Minimum & Maximum stress have obtained using ANSYS.

79
 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF AXISYMMETRIC MEMBRANE
PROBLEM
For the thick-walled open-ended cylindrical pipe subjected to internal pressure shown in figure, use
five layers of elemental to obtain the circumferential stress  , and the principal stresses and maximum radical
displacement. Compare these results to the exact solution.

E = 205GPa, V = 0.3 and P = 35 MPa

Given:
E = 205 GPa = 205×109 N/mm2
P = 35 MPa = 35×106 N/mm2

ELEMENT DIAGRAM
80
EX.NO. STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF AXISYMMETRIC DATE
8 MEMBRANE

AIM
To analyse the given 2d structural problem using structural analysis software.

SOFTWARE
ANSYS 19.2

PROCEDURE
STEP 1: PREFERENCE

Preference → Structural → OK.

STEP 2: PREPROCESSOR
• ELEMENT TYPE
➢ Define the element by doing the following steps:

Element Type → Add/Edit/Delete → Add → Solid → Quad 4node182 → Plane182 will appear →
Option → Element behaviour K3 = Axisymmetric → Ok → Close

• MATERIAL PROPS
➢ The material properties are defined by doing the following steps:

Material Props → Material Models → Material Model Number 1 → structural → Linear → Isotropic
→ EX = 2.05e11, PRXY = 0.3 → OK

81
82
 • MODELING
➢ The Areas are created by doing the following steps for concrete

Create → Areas → Rectangle → By Two corners → Enter the value on the table below → apply
Rectangle VP-X VP-Y Width Height
1 1.2 0 0.3 1.2

• MESHING
➢ Now meshing is done by manual sizing by following the steps below.

Meshing → Mesh tool → manual Size → Lines → Picked Lines → Pick the top and bottom line of the
rectangle → Ok → No. of Element division = 4 → Ok → Mesh Tool → Mesh

NOTE

“To define the element number, go to plot control → numbering → Ele/Auto Numbering = Pick Element
Numbering → Ok”

• LOADS
➢ Loads can be applied by define the areas through the following steps.

Loads → Define Loads → Apply → Structural → Displacement → Symmetry B.C → On line → Pick
the top and bottom line of the rectangle → Ok

➢ Load pressure of an object can be developed through the following steps.

Loads → Define Loads → Apply → Structural → Pressure → On lines → Select Left line of the Model
→ Ok → Load PRES Valve = 35e6 → Ok

STEP 3: SOLUTION

Solve → Current LS → Ok → Message will display "Solution is Done" → Close

83
GRAPH

84
STEP 4: GENERAL POSTPROCESS
The required results can be through the following steps.
• PLOT RESULT

Contour plots → Nodal Solu → Nodal solution → stress → Von Misses → OK → Save the Results.

Contour plots → Nodal Solu → Nodal solution → stress → Hydrostatic Pressure → OK → Save the
Results.

• QUERY RESULT

Sub grid Solution → DOF vs displacement → Tick “Generate 3D anno” in Query sub grid menu →
OK → Pick the node → Take the three need result.

• LIST RESULT

Nodal Solution → Stress → Von Mises stress → OK → File → Save as → OK.

• PATH OPERATION

Define path → By Node → select the no. of node points → OK → Define path Name = ABC → OK.

Map onto path → User label item = ABC → Select Stress VS Von Mises SEQV → OK.

Plot path Item → On graph → Select ABC → OK → Save the Results.

85
86
OUTPUT
1. Minimum von mises stress at Node 2 = 0.11246E009 N/mm2
2. Maximum von mises stress at Node 1 = 0.16651E009 N/mm2
3. Principal stress S1 at Node 1 = 0.15783E009 N/mm2
4. Principal stress S1 at Node 6 = 0.12973E009 N/mm2
5. Principal stress S1 at Node 11 = 0.15783E009 N/mm2
6. Principal stress S1 at Node 15 = 0.15041E009 N/mm2
7. Principal stress S1 at Node 20 = 0.37424E008 N/mm2
8. Principal stress S1 at Node 30 = 0.37385E008 N/mm2
9. Stress intensity at Node 14 = 0.16077E009 N/mm2
10. Stress intensity at Node 17 = 0.18969E009 N/mm2

FROM THE GRAPH

1. From graph, at 55 mm distance von mises stress = 155.702 N/mm2
2. From graph, at 160 mm distance von mises stress = 134.082 N/mm2

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

LAB: SIMULATION LABORATORY (18MPC707)
MARKS ALLOCATION
MARKS MARKS
DESCRIPTION
OBTAINED AWARDED
OBSERVATION 10
MODELLING, ANALYZING AND CALCULATION 30
RECORD 10
VIVAVOCE 10
TOTAL 60

RESULT
Thus, the Von Mises Stresses are determined for given problems respectively using ANSYS 19.2. The
Model was analyzed by considering 3D Problem and the results are obtained.

87
 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF CANTILEVER BEAM

PROBLEM STATEMENT

GIVEN
Young ′ s Moduls, E = 2.1 × 1011 N⁄m2
Poissions ratio, μ = 0.3
Moment of inertia, I = bh3 ⁄12
= 1004 ⁄12 0.1m

𝐈 = 𝟖𝟑𝟑 × 𝟏𝟎𝟒 𝐦𝐦𝟒

BEAM SECTION

88
 EX.NO DATE
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF CANTILEVER BEAM
9

AIM
To analyse the given structural beam problem using ANSYS.

SOFTWARE
ANSYS 19.2

PROCEDURE
STEP 1: PREFERENCE

Preference → Structural → OK.

STEP 2: PREPROCESSOR
• ELEMENT TYPE
➢ Define the Beam element by doing the following steps:

Element Type → Add/Edit/Delete → Add → Beam → 2Node 188 → Plane188 will appear → Close

• MATERIAL PROPS
➢ The material properties are defined by doing the following steps:

Material Props → Material Models → Material Model Number 1 → Structural → Linear → Elastic
→ Isotropic → EX=2e11 → PRXY=0.3 → OK.

• SECTION
➢ The Cross section of the beam can be defined by doing the following steps:

Sections → Beam → Common Section → Beam Tool will display → Select the cross-section shape
from Sub-Type → Change Location from “Offset to Origin” → Enter given Dimension in B= 0.1 &
H=0.1 → OK

89
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF CANTILEVER BEAM

90
 • MODELING
➢ The key points are created by doing the following steps

Modelling → Create → Key points → In active CS → Enter the table value below

X, Y, Z coordinates in active CS
Key points number
X Y Z
1 0 0 0
2 0.5 0 0
3 1 0 0

➢ Connect the key points using lines

Create → Lines → Straight Lines → Pick the KPs → OK

• MESH
➢ The element length can be assigned by doing the following steps

Meshing Size Controls → Manual Size → Lines → All Lines → In NDIV = 10 → Ok

➢ Now the meshing is done by doing the following steps.

Mesh Tool → Select Global from global attributes → Select Lines from Mesh → Mesh

• LOADS
➢ Constraints can be given by doing the following steps, first node is constrained by doing
the following steps.

Loads → Define Loads → Apply → Structural → Displacement → On Key points → Pick point 1 →
Apply → select All DOF → OK

➢ The force is applied at the following Node by doing the following steps.

Loads → Define Loads → Apply → Structural → Force/Moment → On Key points → Pick point 2&3
→ Apply → Select FY from direction of force/moment Force/Moment value = -10000 → OK

STEP 3: SOLUTION

Solve → Current LS → Ok → Message will display "Solution is Done" → Close

91
 SHEAR FORCE
`

BENDING MOMENT

92
STEP 4: GENERAL POSTPROC
The required results can be through the following steps.
• PLOT RESULT

The maximum deformation can be seen through the deformed shape plot by doing the following
steps

Plot Results → Deformed Shape → Def + Undeformed → Ok →save the Results.

Contour plots → Nodal Solu → stress → Von mises stress → OK → Save the Results.

• QUERY RESULT

Sub grid Solution → DOF Solution vs DEFLECTION → Tick “Generate 3D anno” in Query sub grid
menu → OK → Pick the node where the TEMP needs to show → Take the three-need result.

• LIST RESULT

Nodal Solution → DOF solution → Nodal Solution → OK → File → Save as → OK

• ELEMENT TABLE
The elements required to obtain shear force, bending moment, and bending stress can be added
by the following steps from taken the value through the helpdesk by typing HELP, BEAM188 from
TABLE 188.1 AND 188.2.

SL.NO DESCRIPTION NOTATION ITEM I J

1 Shear force SF SMISC 6 19
2 Bending moment BM SMISC 3 16
3 Bending stress BS SMISC 32 37

Element table → Define table → Add → User label as follows → Enter the suitable value from the
table → Ok

DESCRIPTION LABEL ITEM COMPOUND

Shear force SFI SMIS 6
SFJ SMIS 19
BMI SMIS 3
Bending moment
BMJ SMIS 16
BSI SMIS 32
Bending stress
BSJ SMIS 37

93
BENDING STRESS

DEFLECTION

94
 • PLOT RESULT

Line Elem Result → Choose Node I & Choose Node J between the above table label → OK → Save the
results for the above six values.

95
SHEAR FORCE
At point 1, V1 = 10 + 10 = 20kN
At point 2, V2 = 10 + 10 = 20kN
At point 3, V3 = 10kN
BENDING MOMENT
At point 1, M1 = (1× (−10)) + (0.5× (−10)) = -15kNm
At point 2, M2 = (0.5× (−10)) = -5kNm
At point 3, M3 = 0kNm
DEFLECTION
At point 1, 𝑦1 = 0mm
𝐴𝑡 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 2, 𝑦2 = 𝑆𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑖𝑑 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚
𝑃(𝑥 2 )(3𝑙 − 𝑥) 𝑃𝑥 3
𝑦2 = +
6𝐸𝐼 3𝐸𝐼
(10000)(5002 )(3(1000) − 500) (10000)(5003 )
= +
6(2.1 × 105 )(833 × 104 ) 3(2.1 × 105 )(833 × 104 )
𝒚𝟐 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟑𝟑𝐦𝐦
𝐴𝑡 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 3, 𝑦3 = 𝑆𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑒 𝑒𝑛𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚
𝑃(𝑥 2 )(3𝑙 − 𝑥) 𝑃𝑥 3
𝑦3 = +
6𝐸𝐼 3𝐸𝐼
(10000)(5002 )(3(1000) − 500) (10000)(10003 )
= +
6(2.1 × 105 )(833 × 104 ) 3(2.1 × 105 )(833 × 104 )
𝒚𝟐 = 𝟐. 𝟓𝐦𝐦
BENDING STRESS
𝑀𝑦
𝐴𝑡 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 1, 𝜎1 =
𝐼
(15 × 106 )(50)
=
(833 × 104 )
𝝈𝟏 = 𝟗𝟎 𝐌𝐍⁄𝒎𝟐

𝑀𝑦
𝑀𝑦 𝐴𝑡 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 3, 𝜎3 =
𝐴𝑡 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 2, 𝜎2 = 𝐼
𝐼
6 (0 × 106 )(50)
(5 × 10 )(50) =
= (833 × 104 )
(833 × 104 )
𝝈𝟑 = 𝟎 𝐌𝐍⁄𝒎𝟐
𝝈𝟐 = 𝟑 𝐌𝐍⁄𝒎𝟐

96
OUTPUT
1. IYY = 0.833E-005 m4
2. Shear force at Node 6 = -20000 N (Minimum)
3. Shear force at Node 15 = -10000 N (Maximum)
4. Bending moment maximum at Node 20 = -250 Nm
5. Bending moment minimum at Node 01 = -14500 Nm
6. Bending stress maximum at Node 01 = 0.870E008 N/mm2
7. Bending stress maximum at Node 20 = 0.150E007 Nmm2
8. Displacement at Node 18 = -0.19018 mm
9. Bending moment at Node 14 = -3250 N
10. Bending moment at Node 20 = -250 N

CHARACTERIZATION CALCULATED VALUE ANALYZED VALUE

Bending Moment (Nm) 0.9E008 0.87E008
Bending Stress (N/mm2) 0.1E007 0.15E007
Shear force (N) 10000 10000
Deflection at point 2 (mm) 0.833 0.833
Deflection at point 3 (mm) 2.5 2.5

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

LAB: SIMULATION LABORATORY (18MPC707)
MARKS ALLOCATION
MARKS MARKS
DESCRIPTION
OBTAINED AWARDED
OBSERVATION 10
MODELLING, ANALYZING AND CALCULATION 30
RECORD 10
VIVAVOCE 10
TOTAL 60

RESULT
The two-dimensional Cantilever Beam has been analyzed and the Maximum deformation, shear force,
bending moment and bending stress have obtained using ANSYS 19.2.

97
 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE SUPPORTED BEAM

PROBLEM
Determine the maximum deflection and its location in the beam shown. The beam has a cross section
40mm wide X 100mm Depth. Take E = 2x105 N/mm2 & Poisson’s Ratio = 0.3. Draw the shear force diagram
& bending moment diagram.

Cross section
ANALYTICAL METHOD

98
 EX.NO DATE
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE SUPPORTED BEAM
10

AIM
To analyse the given structural beam problem using analysing software.
SOFTWARE
ANSYS 19.2

PROCEDURE
STEP 1: PREFERENCE

Preference → Structural → OK.

STEP 2: PREPROCESSOR
• ELEMENT TYPE
➢ Define the Beam element by doing the following steps:

Element Type → Add/Edit/Delete → Add → Beam → 2Node 188 → Plane188 will appear → Close

• MATERIAL PROPERTIES
➢ The material properties are defined by doing the following steps:

Material Props → Material Models → Material Model Number 1 → Structural → Linear → Elastic
→ Isotropic → EX = 2e5, PRXY = 0.3 → OK.

• SECTION
➢ The Cross section of the beam can be defined by doing the following steps:

Sections → Beam → Common Section → Beam Tool will display → Select the cross-section shape
from Sub-Type → Change Location from “Offset to Origin” → Enter given Dimension in B= 0.04 &
H=0.1 → OK

99
100
 • MODELING
➢ The key points are created by doing the following steps

Modelling → Create → Key points → In active CS → Enter the table value below

X, Y, Z coordinates in active CS
Key points number
X Y Z
1 0 0 0
2 0.5 0 0
3 1 0 0
4 2 0 0
5 2.5 0 0

➢ Connect the key points using line

Create → Lines → Straight Lines → Pick the KPs → OK

• MESH
➢ The element length can be assigned by doing the following step

Meshing → Size Controls → Manual Size → Lines → All Lines → In NDIV = 10 → Ok

Now the meshing is done by doing the following steps.

Mesh tool → Smart Size → Mesh → Pick all

• LOADS
➢ Constraints can be given by doing the following steps, first node is constrained by doing the
following steps.

Loads → Define Loads → Apply → Structural → Displacement → On Key points → Pick point 1 & 5
→ Apply → select All DOF → OK

➢ The force is applied at the following Node by doing the following steps.

Loads → Define Loads → Apply → Structural → Force/Moment → On Key points → Pick point 2→
Apply → Select FY from direction of force/moment Force/Moment value = -20000 → OK

➢ The UDL is applied at the Node by doing the following steps.

Loads → Define Loads → Apply → Structural → Pressure → On Beam → Pick Lines between 3 & 4
→ Load Key = 2, pressure at I = 10 → Apply → OK

101
ANSYS OUTPUT

PHASE DIAGRAM

DEFORMED + UNDEFORMED VONMISES STRESS

102
STEP 3: SOLUTION

Solve → Current LS →Ok → Message will display "Solution is Done" → Close

STEP 4: GENERAL POSTPROCESS

The required results can be through the following steps.
• PLOT RESULT
➢ The maximum deformation can be seen through the deformed shape plot by doing the
following steps.

Plot Results → Deformed Shape → Def + Undeformed → Ok → save the Results.

Contour plots → Nodal Solu → stress → Von mises stress → OK → Save the Results.

• QUERY RESULT

Sub grid Solution → DOF Solution vs DEFLECTION → Tick “Generate 3D anno” in Query sub grid
menu → Ok → Pick the node where the TEMP need to show → Take the three need result.

• LIST RESULT

Nodal Solution → DOF solution → Nodal Solution → OK → File → Save as → OK.

• ELEMENT TABLE
The elements required to obtain shear force, bending moment, and bending stress can be added
by the following steps from taken the value through the helpdesk by typing HELP, BEAM188 from
TABLE 188.1 & TABLE 188.2.

SL.NO DESCRIPTION NOTATION ITEM I J

1 Shear force SF SMISC 6 19
2 Bending moment BM SMISC 3 16
3 Bending stress BS SMISC 32 37

Element table → Define table → Add → User label as follows → Enter the suitable value from the
table → Ok

DESCRIPTION LABEL ITEM COMPOUND

Shear force SFI SMIS 6
SFJ SMIS 19
BMI SMIS 3
Bending moment
BMJ SMIS 16
BSI SMIS 32
Bending stress
BSJ SMIS 37
103
 SFI vs SFJ

BMI vs BMJ BSI vs BSJ

104
 • PLOT RESULT

Plot result → Contour plot → Line Elem Result → Choose Node I & Choose Node J between the
above table label → OK → Save the results for the above six values.

105
CALCULATION
DEFLECTION
Deflection due to point load,
𝑃𝐿3
∆=
48𝐸𝐼
Moment of inertia of a rectangular beam,
ℎ𝑏 3
𝐼=
12
0.04 × (0.1)3
𝐼=
12
𝑰 = 𝟑. 𝟑𝟑𝟑 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟔 𝒎𝟒
𝑃𝐿3
∆=
48𝐸𝐼
5 × 1000 × 14
∆=
48 × 2 × 105 × 3.333 × 10−6
∆𝒑𝒐𝒊𝒏𝒕 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟕𝟖𝟐𝟎𝟑 𝒎

Deflection due UDL,

5𝑤𝐿4
∆=
384𝐸𝐼
5 × 10000 × 14
∆=
384 × 2 × 105 × 3.333 × 10−6
∆𝒖𝒅𝒍 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟗𝟓𝟓 𝒎
Overall deflection,
∆𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 = ∆𝒑𝒐𝒊𝒏𝒕 + ∆𝒖𝒅𝒍

∆𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟕𝟖𝟐𝟎𝟑 + 𝟎. 𝟏𝟗𝟓𝟓

∆𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟕𝟑𝟕 𝒎

106
OUTPUT
1. IYY = 0.333 E0.5 mm4
2. Minimum Shear force at Node 10, SFJ = -21.5195 N
3. Maximum Shear force at Node 31, SFI = 8.48046 N
4. Bending moment minimum at Node 01 = -8.19144 Nm
5. Bending moment maximum at Node 22 = 2.8930 Nm
6. Bending stress minimum at Node 22 = -108489 N/mm2
7. Bending stress maximum at Node 01 = 307179 N/mm2
8. Displacement at Node 12 in Y direction = -0.11227E-004 mm
9. Displacement at Node 32 in Y direction = 0.00000 mm
10. Displacement at Node 42 in Y direction = -0.11573E-004 mm (Maximum)

CHARACTERISTIC CALCULATED VALUE ANALYZED VALUE

SHEAR FORCE (N) -20000 -20000
BENDING MOMENT (Nm) 2.9000 2.8930
BENDING STRESS (N/mm2) 300000 307179
DISPLACEMENT (mm) -0.2737 -0.2857

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

LAB: SIMULATION LABORATORY (18MPC707)
MARKS ALLOCATION
MARKS MARKS
DESCRIPTION
OBTAINED AWARDED
OBSERVATION 10
MODELLING, ANALYZING & CALCULATION 30
RECORD 10
VIVAVOCE 10
TOTAL 60

RESULT
The two-dimensional Simply supported Beam has been analyzed and the Maximum deformation,
shear force, bending moment and bending stress have obtained using ANSYS 19.2.

107
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE SUPPORTED BEAM WITH MOMENT

PROBLEM
Draw shear force and bending moment diagram for the beam shown in the fig. Given cross section
40mm X 100mm Deep, E = 2 X 105 N/mm2, Poisson Ratio = 0.3.

Cross Section

ANALYTICAL DIAGRAM

108
 EX.NO STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE SUPPORTED DATE
11 BEAM WITH MOMENT

AIM
To analyse the given structural beam problem using ANSYS 19.2

SOFTWARE
ANSYS 19.2

PROCEDURE
STEP 1: PREFERENCE

Preference → Structural → OK.

STEP 2: PREPROCESSOR
• ELEMENT TYPE
➢ Define the Beam element by doing the following steps:

Element Type → Add/Edit/Delete → Add → Beam → 2Node 188 → Plane188 will appear → Close

• MATERIAL PROPERTIES
➢ The material properties are defined by doing the following steps:

Material Props → Material Models → Material Model Number 1 → Structural → Linear → Elastic
→ Isotropic → EX = 2e5, PRXY = 0.3 → OK.

• SECTION
➢ The Cross section of the beam can be defined by doing the following steps:

Sections → Beam → Common Section → Beam Tool will display → Select the cross-section shape
from Sub-Type → Change Location from “Offset to Origin” → Enter given Dimension in B= 0.04 &
H=0.1 → OK

109
110
 • MODELING
➢ The key points are created by doing the following steps

Modelling → Create → Key points → In active CS → Enter the table value below

X, Y, Z coordinates in active CS
Key points number
X Y Z
1 0 0 0
2 3 0 0
3 4.5 0 0
4 6 0 0

➢ Connect the key points using lines

Create → Lines → Straight Lines → Pick the KPs → OK

• MESH
➢ The element length can be assigned by doing the following steps

Meshing→ Size Controls → Manual Size → Lines → All Lines → In NDIV = 10 → Ok

➢ Now the meshing is done by doing the following steps.

Mesh tool → Smart Size → Mesh → Pick all

• LOADS
➢ Constraints can be given by doing the following steps, first node is constrained by doing the
following steps.

Loads → Define Loads → Apply → Structural → Displacement → On Key points → Pick point 1 & 4
→ Apply → select All DOF → OK

➢ The force is applied at the following Node by doing the following steps.

Loads → Define Loads → Apply → Structural → Force/Moment → On Key points → Pick point 2→
Apply → Select FY from direction of force/moment Force/Moment value = -40000 → OK

➢ The UDL is applied at the Node by doing the following steps.

Loads → Define Loads → Apply → Structural → Pressure → On Beam → Pick Lines between 1 & 2
→ Load Key = 2, pressure at I = 20 → Apply → OK

➢ The Moment is applied at the following Node by doing the following steps.

Loads → Define Loads → Apply → Structural → Force/Moment → On Key points → Pick point 3→
Apply → Select MZ from direction of force/moment Force/Moment value = 120 → OK

111
 ELEMENTAL DIAGRAM

DEFORMED + UNDEFORMED VONMISES STRESS

112
STEP 3: SOLUTION

Solve → Current LS → Ok → Message will display "Solution is Done" → Close

STEP 4: GENERAL POSTPROCESS

The required results can be through the following steps.
• PLOT RESULT
The maximum deformation can be seen through the deformed shape plot by doing the following
steps.

Plot Results → Deformed Shape → Def + Undeformed → Ok → save the Results

Contour plots → Nodal Solu → stress → Von mises stress → OK → Save the Results.

• QUERY RESULT

Sub grid Solution → DOF Solution vs DEFLECTION → Tick “Generate 3D anno” in Query sub grid
menu → OK → Pick the node where the TEMP need to show → Take the three need result.

• LIST RESULT

Nodal Solution → DOF solution → Nodal Solution → OK → File → Save as → OK.

• ELEMENT TABLE
The elements required to obtain shear force, bending moment, and bending stress can be added
by the following steps from taken the value through the helpdesk by typing HELP, BEAM188 from
TABLE 188.1 and TABLE 188.2.

SL.NO DESCRIPTION NOTATION ITEM I J

1 Shear force SF SMISC 6 19
2 Bending moment BM SMISC 3 16
3 Bending stress BS SMISC 32 37

Element table → Define table → Add → User label as follows → Enter the suitable value from the
table → Ok

Description Label Item Compound

Shear force SFI SMISC 6
SFJ SMISC 19
Bending moment BMI SMISC 3
BMJ SMISC 16
Bending stress BSI SMISC 32
BSJ SMISC 37

113
 SFI vs SFJ

BMI vs BMJ BSI vs BSJ

114
 • PLOT RESULT

Line Elem Result → Choose Node I & Choose Node J between the above table label → OK → Save the
results for the above six values.

115
CALCULATION
DEFLECTION
Deflection due to UDL,
5𝑤𝐿4
∆𝑈𝐷𝐿 =
384𝐸𝐼
ℎ𝑏 3
𝐼=
12
0.04 × 0.13
𝐼=
12
𝑰 = 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑. 𝟑𝟑𝟑 𝒎𝒎
5 × 20000 × 64
∆𝑈𝐷𝐿 =
384 × 3 × 2 × 105 × 3333333.33
∆𝑼𝑫𝑳 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟔𝟖𝟕𝟓 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟓 𝒎𝒎

Deflection due to point load,

𝑃𝑎(𝐿2 − 𝑎2 )
∆𝑃𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 =
6𝐸𝐼
40000 × 3(62 − 32 )
∆𝑃𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 =
6 × 2 × 3333333.33 × 105
∆𝑷𝒐𝒊𝒏𝒕 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟖𝟏 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟓 𝒎𝒎

Deflection due to moment load,

𝑀(3𝑎𝐿2 − 4𝑎3 )
∆𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 =
6𝐸𝐼
120000((3 × 4.5 × 62 ) − 4(4.53 ))
∆𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 =
6 × 2 × 3333333.33
∆𝑴𝒐𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟔𝟒𝟓 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟓 𝒎𝒎

Total deflection,
∆ 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = ∆𝑈𝐷𝐿 + ∆𝑃𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 + ∆𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
∆𝑻𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟔𝟑𝟕𝟓 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟔 𝒎𝒎

116
OUTPUT
1. Shear force at Node 01 = 20053.4 N (Minimum)
2. Shear force at Node 28 = 19976.6 N (Maximum)
3. Bending moment at Node 11 = -10012 N mm (Minimum)
4. Bending moment at Node 30 = -100010 N mm (Maximum)
5. Bending stress at Node 07 = 26897.7 N/mm2 (Minimum)
6. Bending stress at Node 07 = 26897.7 N/mm2 (Minimum)
7. Displacement in Y axis at Node 3 = -11543E006 mm
8. Displacement in Y axis at Node 7 = -0.21024E006 mm
9. Displacement in Y axis at Node 3 = -0.11867E006 mm
10. Displacement in Y axis at Node 3 = -0.42092E006 mm (Maximum)

CHARACTERIZATION CALCULATED VALUE ANALYZED VALUE

Bending Moment (Nm) -100000 -100010
Bending Stress (N/mm2) -29000.34 -28837.30
Shear force (N) -40000 -40000
Deflection (mm) 0.46375E-006 0.4209E-006

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

LAB: SIMULATION LABORATORY (18MPC707)
MARKS ALLOCATION
MARKS MARKS
DESCRIPTION
OBTAINED AWARDED
OBSERVATION 10
MODELLING, ANALYZING & CALCULATION 30
RECORD 10
VIVAVOCE 10
TOTAL 60

RESULT
The two-dimensional Simply supported Beam with moment has been analyzed and the Maximum
deformation, shear force, bending moment and bending stress have obtained using ANSYS 19.2.

117
 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF OVERHANGING BEAM WITH DIFFERENT
POINT LOAD
PROBLEM
Draw the BMD and SFD for the overhanging beam shown in the fig. Given Cross section 0.1 x 0.1
m, E = 2 X 105 N/mm2 & Poisson ratio = 0.3.

2D ELEMENTAL VIEW

118
 EX.NO STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF OVERHANGING BEAM DATE
12 WITH DIFFERENT POINT LOAD

AIM
To analyse the given structural beam problem using ANSYS 19.2.

SOFTWARE
ANSYS 19.2

PROCEDURE
STEP 1: PREFERENCE

Preference → Structural → OK.

STEP 2: PREPROCESSOR
• ELEMENT TYPE
➢ Define the Beam element by doing the following steps:

Element Type → Add/Edit/Delete → Add → Beam → 2Node 188 → Plane188 will appear → Close

• MATERIAL PROPERTIES
➢ The material properties are defined by doing the following steps:

Material Props → Material Models → Material Model Number 1 → Structural → Linear → Elastic
→ Isotropic → EX = 2E11, PRXY = 0.3 → OK.

• SECTION
➢ The Cross section of the beam can be defined by doing the following steps:

Sections → Beam → Common Section → Beam Tool will display → Select the cross-section shape
from Sub-Type → Change Location from “Offset to Origin” → Enter given Dimension in B= 0.01 &
H=0.1 → OK

119
 VON MISES STRESS

DEFORMED + UNDEFORMED SHAPE

VON MISES

120
 • MODELING
➢ The key points are created by doing the following steps

Modelling → Create → Key points → In active CS → Enter the table value below

X, Y, Z coordinates in active CS
Key points number
X Y Z
1 0 0 0
2 3 0 0
3 8 0 0
4 11 0 0
5 13 0 0

➢ The key points are connected by using the constraint line

Modelling → Create → Lines → Straight lines → pick key points → OK

• MESH
➢ The element length can be assigned by doing the following steps

Meshing → Size Controls → Manual Size → Lines → All Lines → In NDIV = 10 → Ok

➢ Now the meshing is done by doing the following steps.

Mesh tool → Smart Size → Mesh → Pick all

• LOADS
➢ Constraints can be given by doing the following steps, first node is constrained by doing the
following steps.

Loads → Define Loads → Apply → Structural → Displacement → On Key points → Pick point 2 & 4
→ Apply → select All DOF → OK

➢ The point load is applied at the following points by doing the following steps.

Loads → Define Loads → Apply → Structural → Force/Moment → On Key points → enter the table
below → Ok

KEY POINT NUMBER DIRECTION OF FORCE VALUE

1 FY -800
2 FY -2000
3 FY -1000

STEP 3: SOLUTION

Solve → Current LS → Ok → Message will display "Solution is Done" → Close

121
SFI vs SFJ

BMI vs BMJ

BMI vs BMJ

BSJ vs BSI

122
STEP 4: GENERAL POSTPROCESS
The required results can be through the following steps.
• PLOT RESULT
➢ The maximum deformation can be seen through the deformed shape plot by doing the
following steps.

Plot Results → Deformed Shape → Def + Undeformed → Ok → save the Results.

Contour plots → Nodal Solu → stress → Von mises stress → OK → Save the Results.

• QUERY RESULT

Sub grid Solution → DOF Solution vs DEFLECTION → Tick “Generate 3D anno” in Query sub grid
menu → OK → Pick the node where the deformation needs to show → Take the three-need result.

• LIST RESULT

Nodal Solution → DOF solution → Nodal Solution → OK → File → Save as → OK.

• ELEMENT TABLE
The elements required to obtain shear force, bending moment, and bending stress can be added by
the following steps from taken the value through the helpdesk by typing HELP, BEAM188 from
TABLE 188.1 and TABLE 188.2.

SL.NO DESCRIPTION NOTATION ITEM I J

1 Shear force SF SMISC 6 19
2 Bending moment BM SMISC 3 16
3 Bending stress BS SMISC 32 37

Element table → Define table → Add → User label as follows → Enter the suitable value from the
table → Ok

Description Label Item Compound

Shear force SFI SMISC 6
SFJ SMISC 19
Bending moment BMI SMISC 3
BMJ SMISC 16
Bending stress BSI SMISC 32
BSJ SMISC 37

• PLOT RESULT

Line Elem Result → Choose Node I & Choose Node J between the above table label → OK → Save the
results for the above six values.

123
CALCULATION
Taking moment about A = 0,
𝑀𝐴 = (−800 × 3) + (2000 × 5) + (−8 × 𝑅𝐵 ) + (10 × 1000)
𝑀𝐴 = −2400 + 10000 − (8 × 𝑅𝐵 ) + 10000 = 0
𝑹𝑩 = 𝟐𝟐𝟎𝟎 𝑵
𝑅𝐴 + 𝑅𝐵 = 𝑆𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑠
𝑅𝐴 + 𝑅𝐵 = 800 + 2000 + 1000
𝑅𝐴 + 2200 = 800 + 2000 + 1000
𝑹𝑨 = 𝟏𝟔𝟎𝟎 𝑵

Shear force,
𝑆𝐹𝐸 = +1000 𝑁
𝑆𝐹𝐵 = 1000 − 2200 = −1200 𝑁
𝑆𝐹𝐷 = −1200 + 2000 = 800 𝑁
𝑆𝐹𝐴 = 800 − 1600 = −800 𝑁
𝑆𝐹𝐶 = −800 𝑁

Bending Moment,
𝐵𝑀𝐸 = 0 𝑁𝑚
𝐵𝑀𝐵 = −2 × 1000 = −2000 𝑁𝑚
𝐵𝑀𝐷 = (3 × 2200) + (−5 × 1000) = +1600 𝑁𝑚
𝐵𝑀𝐴 = (−5 × 2000) + (8 × 2200) + (−10 × 1000) = −2400 𝑁𝑚
𝐵𝑀𝐶 = (3 × 1600) + (−8 × 2000) + (11 × 2200) + (13 × 1000) = 0 𝑁𝑚

Bending stress
𝑀𝑦
𝜎𝑏 =
𝐼 Moment of Inertia,
2400 × 0.1 𝑏ℎ3
𝜎𝑏 = 𝐼=
2 × 8.3333 × 10−6 12
𝜎𝑏 = 14400 × 103 0.1 × 0.13
𝐼=
𝑵 12
𝝈𝒃 = 𝟏𝟒. 𝟒
𝒎𝒎𝟐 𝑰 = 𝟖. 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟔 𝒎𝒎

124
OUTPUT
1. Reaction force at A = 1433.5 N
2. Reaction force at B = 2366.5 N
3. Bending stress at 10 = 0.137E008 N/m2 (Maximum)
4. Bending stress at 20 = 0.960E007 N/m2 (Minimum)
5. Bending moment at 20 = 1600.15 Nm

CHARACTERIZATION CALCULATED VALUE ANALYZED VALUE

Shear force (N) 1200 1366.46
Bending Moment (Nm) 1600 1600.15
Bending stress (N/m2) 14.4 13.7
Deflection (mm) -0.004666 -0.004315

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

LAB: SIMULATION LABORATORY (18MPC707)
MARKS ALLOCATION
MARKS MARKS
DESCRIPTION
OBTAINED AWARDED
OBSERVATION 10
MODELLING, ANALYZING AND CALCULATION 30
RECORD 10
VIVAVOCE 10
TOTAL 60

RESULT
The two-dimensional Overhanging Beam has been analysed and the Maximum deformation, shear
force, bending moment and bending stress have obtained using ANSYS 19.2.

125
 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF OVERHANGING BEAM (TAPPER LOAD)
PROBLEM
Draw the BMD and FD for the overhanging beam shown in the fig. Given Cross section 40 mm wide
X 100 mm deep, E = 2 X 1011 N/mm2 & Poisson ratio = 0.3.

Given:
W = 40 mm = 0.04 m
H = 100 mm = 0.1 m
E = 2 × 1011 N/m2

2D ELEMENTAL VIEW

126
 EX.NO STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF OVERHANGING BEAM DATE
13 (TAPPER LOAD)

AIM
To analyse the given structural beam problem using ANSYS 18.2

SOFTWARE
ANSYS 18.2

PROCEDURE
STEP 1: PREFERENCE

Preference → Structural → OK.

STEP 2: PREPROCESSOR
• ELEMENT TYPE
➢ Define the Beam element by doing the following steps:

Element Type → Add/Edit/Delete → Add → Beam → 2Node 188 → Plane188 will appear → Close

• MATERIAL PROPERTIES
➢ The material properties are defined by doing the following steps

Material Props → Material Models → Material Model Number 1 → Structural → Linear → Elastic
→ Isotropic → EX = 2E11, PRXY = 0.3 → OK.

• SECTION
➢ The Cross section of the beam can be defined by doing the following steps

Sections → Beam → Common Section → Beam Tool will display → Select the cross-section shape
from Sub-Type → Change Location from “Offset to Origin” → Enter given Dimension in B= 0.04 &
H=0.1 → OK

127
DEFORMED + UNDEFORMED SHAPE

VON MISES STRESS

128
 • MODELING
➢ The key points are created by doing the following steps

Modelling → Create → Key points → In active CS → Enter the table value below

X, Y, Z coordinates in active CS
Key points number
X Y Z
1 0 0 0
2 1 0 0
3 3 0 0
4 4 0 0
5 5 0 0

➢ The key points are connected by using the constraint line

Modelling → Create → Lines → Straight lines → OK

• MESH
➢ The element length can be assigned by doing the following steps

Meshing Size Controls → Manual Size → Lines → All Lines → In NDIV = 10 → Ok

➢ Now the meshing is done by doing the following steps.

Mesh tool → Smart Size → Mesh → Pick all

• LOADS
➢ Constraints can be given by doing the following steps, first node is constrained by doing the
following steps.

Loads → Define Loads → Apply → Structural → Displacement → On Key points → Pick point 1 & 4
→ Apply → select All DOF → OK

➢ The force is applied at the following Node by doing the following steps.

Loads → Define Loads → Apply → Structural → Force/Moment → On Key points → Pick point 5→
Apply → Select FY from direction of force/moment Force/Moment value = -20000 → OK

➢ The VDL is applied at the Node by doing the following steps.

Loads → Define Loads → Apply → Structural → Pressure → On Beam →Pick Lines between 2 & 3
→ Load Key = 2, pressure at I = 0, Pressure at J = 60000 → Apply → OK

STEP 3: SOLUTION
Solve → Current LS → Ok → Message will display "Solution is Done" → Close

129
BENDNING MOMENT

BENDING STRESS

130
STEP 4: GENERAL POSTPROC
The required results can be through the following steps.
• PLOT RESULT
➢ The maximum deformation can be seen through the deformed shape plot by doing the
following steps.

Plot Results → Deformed Shape → Def + Undeformed → Ok → save the Results.

Contour plots → Nodal Solu → stress → Von mises stress → OK → Save the Results.

• QUERY RESULT

Sub grid Solution → DOF Solution vs DEFLECTION → Tick “Generate 3D anno” in Query sub grid
menu → Ok → Pick the node where the deformation needs to show → Take the three-need result.

• LIST RESULT

Nodal Solution → DOF solution → Nodal Solution → OK → File → Save as → OK.

• ELEMENT TABLE
The elements required to obtain shear force, bending moment, and bending stress can be added
by the following steps from taken the value through the helpdesk by typing HELP, BEAM188 from
TABLE 188.1 and TABLE 188.2.

SL.NO DESCRIPTION NOTATION ITEM I J

1 Shear force SF SMISC 6 19
2 Bending moment BM SMISC 3 16
3 Bending stress BS SMISC 32 37

Element table → Define table → Add → User label as follows → Enter the suitable value from the
table → Ok

Description Label Item Compound

Shear force SFI SMISC 6
SFJ SMISC 19
Bending moment BMI SMISC 3
BMJ SMISC 16
Bending stress BSI SMISC 32
BSJ SMISC 37

131
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM

132
 • PLOT RESULT

Line Elem Result → Choose Node I & Choose Node J between the above table label → OK → Save the
results for the above six values.

133
CALCULATION
1
Total Load (Wt) = 2 × 2 × 60 = 𝟔𝟎 kNm

Location of Equivalent Load:

2
Distance from E: 3 × 2 = 𝟏. 𝟑𝟑 𝒎

Support reaction forces,

𝑅𝐴 + 𝑅𝐵 = W𝑡 + 20 = 60 + 20 = 𝟖𝟎 𝐤𝐍𝐦

Taking moment about A,

𝑅𝐵 × 3 = (60 × 2.33) − (20 × 4) = 0
𝑅𝐵 = 𝟕𝟑. 𝟐 𝒌𝑵
𝑅𝐴 = 80 − 73.27 = 𝟔. 𝟕𝟑 𝐤𝐍

Shear force calculation,

SFA = +6.73 kN
SFD = +6.73 kN
SFE = +6.73 kN − 60 = −53.27 kN
SFC = −53.27 − 20 = −73.27

Bending moment calculation,

BMA = 0 kNm
BMD = 6.73 × 1 = 6.73 kNm
1 2
BME = 6.73 − ( × 60 × 2 × )
2 3
BMC = − 33.27 − 53.27 = −86.54 kNm

Deflection,
−𝑞𝐿4
△𝑡𝑎𝑝𝑒𝑟 = = −3.6 𝑚𝑚
120 𝐸𝐼
20 × (1000)3
△𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 = = −1.0 𝑚𝑚
3 × (2 × 105 ) × (3.33 × 106 )
Total deflection,
∆𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = −3.6 − 1 = −𝟒. 𝟔 𝒎𝒎

134
OUTPUT
1. IYY = 3.333 × 106 mm4
2. Shear force at Node 6 = +6.73 kN (Minimum)
3. Shear force at Node 15 = -73.27 kN (Maximum)
4. Bending moment maximum at Node 20 = -87.34kNm
5. Bending moment minimum at Node 01 = 0 kNm
6. Bending stress maximum at Node 01 = 0.870E008 N/mm2
7. Bending stress maximum at Node 20 = 0.150E007 Nmm2
8. Displacement at Node 18 = -0.19018 mm
9. Bending moment at Node 14 = 6.73 kNm
10. Bending moment at Node 20 = -33.27 kNm

CHARACTERIZATION CALCULATED VALUE ANALYZED VALUE

Bending Moment (kNm) -86.54 -87.34
Bending Stress (kN/mm2) 0.1E007 0.15E007
Shear force (N) 6.73 6.73
Deflection (mm) -4.6 4.5553

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

LAB: SIMULATION LABORATORY (18MPC707)
MARKS ALLOCATION
MARKS MARKS
DESCRIPTION
OBTAINED AWARDED
OBSERVATION 10
MODELLING, ANALYZING & CALCULATION 30
RECORD 10
VIVAVOCE 10
TOTAL 60

RESULT
The two-dimensional Overhanging Beam has been analysed and the Maximum deformation, shear
force, bending moment and bending stress have obtained using ANSYS 19.2.

135
 STEADY STATE THERMAL ANALYSIS OF URANIUM PLATE
PROBLEM
Consider a large uranium plate of thickness L = 4cm and thermal Conductivity K = 28 W/m-K in
which heat is generated uniformly at the constant rate of G= 5 X 106 W/m3. One side of the plate is maintained
at 0C by iced water while the other side is subjected to convection to an environment T = 30C with the heat
transfer coefficient of H = 45 W/mK as shown in the figure. Estimate the exposed surface temperature of the
plate under steady state condition.

ELEMENTAL DIAGRAM

136
 EX.NO. STEADY STATE THERMAL ANALYSIS OF URANIUM DATE
14 PLATE

AIM
To analyse the given 1D Uranium plate on steady state thermal analysis.

SOFTWARE
ANSYS 19.2

PROCEDURE
STEP 1: PREFERENCE

Preference → Thermal → OK

STEP 2: PREPROCESSOR
• ELEMENT TYPE
➢ Define the Beam element by doing the following steps

Element type → Add/edit/delete → Add → Link → 3D conduction 33 → Ok → Link33 will appear→

Close

• REAL CONSTANTS
➢ To define the material Cross section area by doing the following step

Real Constant → Add/Edit/Delete → Add → Select Link33 → OK → Enter AREA = 1 → OK → Close

• MATERIAL PROPS
➢ The material properties are defined by doing the following steps

Material Props → Material Model → Material model number 1 → Thermal → conductivity →

isotropic → KXX = 28.

137
NODAL SOLUTION

138
 • MODELING
➢ The nodes of the model have been created through

Modelling → Create → Nodes → IN active CS → Enter the Tabulate value → OK

NODE NO X Y Z
1 0 0 0
2 0.002 0 0
3 0.038 0 0
4 0.04 0 0

➢ After, creating the nodes, the elements are formed through the nodes by the steps.
Modelling → Create → Elements → Auto Numbered → Thru Nodes → Pick the node 1&2 → Apply
→ Pick the node 2&3 → Apply → Pick the node 3&4 → OK

• LOADS
➢ Constraints can be given by doing the following steps,

Define loads → apply → Thermal → Temperature → on Nodes → Pick Node No.1 → OK → DOFs =
TEMP, VALVE load TEMP = 273 → OK

➢ To define the Convection

Define loads → apply → Thermal → Convection → On Nodes -> Pick nodes 3&4 → OK → Film
Coefficient = 45 → Bulk Temperature = 303 → OK

➢ To define the heat Generation

Define loads → apply → Thermal → Heat Generation → On Elements → Pick All →Enter the value
5e6 in all Set → OK

STEP 3: SOLUTION

Solve → Current LS → Ok → Message will display "Solution is Done" → Close

139
140
STEP 4: GENERAL POSTPROC
The required results can be through the following steps.
• PLOT RESULT
To define the deformation among the nodes are determined by the following steps.

Contour plots → Nodal Solu → Nodal Solution → DOF Solution → Nodal Temperature → OK →
Save the Results.

Contour plots → Nodal Solu → Nodal Solution → Thermal Flux → Thermal Flux Vector sum → OK
→ Save the Results.

• QUERY RESULT

Sub grid solution → DOF solution vs TEMP → Tick “Generate 3D anno” in Query sub grid menu →
OK → Select the region to define the TEMP of the node → Save the Results

• LIST RESULT

Nodal solution → Nodal Solution → DOF Solution → Nodal Temperature → OK → FILE → Save as
→ OK.

141
CALCULATION
𝐿 = 4 𝑐𝑚 = 0.04 𝑚
𝑊
𝑘 = 28
𝑚𝐾
𝑊
𝐺 = 5 × 106
𝑚3
𝑊
ℎ = 45
𝑚2 𝐾
𝑇0 = 0 ℃
𝑇∝ = 30 ℃
Maximum temperature,
𝐺𝐿2
𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
8𝑘
5 × 106 × (0.04)2
𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
8 × 28
𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 35.785 ℃ = 𝟑𝟎𝟖. 𝟕𝟖𝟓 𝑲

142
OUTPUT
1. Temperature at Node 01 = 273.00 K
2. Temperature at Node 02 = 281.29 K
3. Temperature at Node 03 = 308.29 K
4. Temperature at Node 04 = 303.00 K

CHARACTERIZATION CALCULATED VALUE ANALYSED VALUE

Maximum Temperature (K) 308.785 308.29

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

LAB: SIMULATION LABORATORY (18MPC707)
MARKS ALLOCATION
MARKS MARKS
DESCRIPTION
OBTAINED AWARDED
OBSERVATION 10
MODELLING, ANALYZING & CALCULATION 30
RECORD 10
VIVAVOCE 10
TOTAL 60

RESULT
Thus, the given 1D Uranium plate is analysed and the results are plotted using ANSYS 19.2.

143
 STEADY STATE THERMAL ANALYSIS OF A BRICK WALL
Brick wall of k = 0.7 W/mK is 0.3 m thickness, if inner and outer temperature is maintained at 15 ℃
and 30 ℃. Calculate heat generated (q) and temperature gradient.

GIVEN:
k = 0.7 W/mK
G = 5 × 106 W/m3
h = 45 W/mK

ELEMENTAL VIEW

144
 EX.NO. DATE
STEADY STATE THERMAL ANALYSIS OF PLATE
15

AIM
To analyse the given 1D plate on steady state thermal analysis.

SOFTWARE
ANSYS 19.2

PROCEDURE
STEP 1: PREFERENCE

Preference → Thermal → OK

STEP 2: PREPROCESSOR
• ELEMENT TYPE
➢ Define the Beam element by doing the following steps

Element type → Add/edit/delete → Add → Link → 3D conduction 33 → Ok → Link33 will appear→

Close

• REAL CONSTANTS
➢ To define the material Cross section area by doing the following step

Real Constant → Add/Edit/Delete → Add → Select Link33 → OK → Enter AREA = 1 → OK → Close

• MATERIAL PROPS
➢ The material properties are defined by doing the following steps

Material Props → Material Model → Material model number 1 → Thermal conductivity → isotropic
→ KXX = 0.7.

145
NODAL SOLUTION

146
 • MODELING
➢ The nodes of the model have been created through

Modelling → Create → Nodes → IN active CS → Enter the Tabulate value → OK

NODE NO X Y Z
1 0 0 0
2 0.002 0 0
3 0.028 0 0
4 0.03 0 0

➢ After, creating the nodes, the elements are formed through the nodes by the steps.
Modelling → Create → Elements → Auto Numbered → Thru Nodes → Pick the node 1&2 → Apply
→ Pick the node 2&3 → Apply → Pick the node 3&4 → OK

• LOADS
➢ Constraints can be given by doing the following steps,

Define loads → apply → Thermal → Temperature → on Nodes → Pick Node No.1 → OK → DOFs =
TEMP, VALVE load TEMP = 15 → OK

➢ To define the Convection

Define loads → apply → Thermal → Convection → On Nodes -> Pick nodes 4 → OK → Film
Coefficient = 45 → Bulk Temperature = 30 → OK

➢ To define the heat Generation

Define loads → apply → Thermal → Heat Generation → On Elements → Pick All →Enter the value
5e6 in all Set → OK

STEP 3: SOLUTION

Solve → Current LS → Ok → Message will display "Solution is Done" → Close

147
148
STEP 4: GENERAL POSTPROC
The required results can be through the following steps.
• PLOT RESULT
To define the deformation among the nodes are determined by the following steps.

Contour plots → Nodal Solu → Nodal Solution → DOF Solution → Nodal Temperature → OK →
Save the Results.

Contour plots → Nodal Solu → Nodal Solution → Thermal Flux → Thermal Flux Vector sum → OK
→ Save the Results.

• QUERY RESULT

Sub grid solution → DOF solution vs TEMP → Tick “Generate 3D anno” in Query sub grid menu →
OK → Select the region to define the TEMP of the node → Save the Results

• LIST RESULT

Nodal solution → Nodal Solution → DOF Solution → Nodal Temperature → OK → FILE → Save as
→ OK.

149
CALCULATION
Resistance 𝑅1 ,
𝐿1
𝑅1 =
𝐾1 𝐴1
0.30
𝑅1 =
0.70 × 1
𝒌
𝑹𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟑
𝑾

Heat generated Q,
𝑇1 − 𝑇2
Q=
𝑅1
303 − 288
Q=
0.43
𝐐 = 𝟑𝟒. 𝟖𝟖 𝐖

Temperature gradient,
𝑇1 − 𝑇2 = 34.88 × 0.43
𝒌
𝑻𝟏 − 𝑻𝟐 = 𝟏𝟒. 𝟗𝟗𝟖𝟒
𝑾

150
OUTPUT
1. Temperature at Node 01 = 288 K
2. Temperature at Node 02 = 289 K
3. Temperature at Node 03 = 302 K
4. Temperature at Node 04 = 303 K

CHARACTERIZATION CALCULATED VALUE ANALYZED VALUE

Temperature Gradient (K/W) 14.958 15.000
Heat generation (W) 34.88 32.87418

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

LAB: SIMULATION LABORATORY (18MPC707)
MARKS ALLOCATION
MARKS MARKS
DESCRIPTION
OBTAINED AWARDED
OBSERVATION 10
MODELLING, ANALYZING & CALCULATION 30
RECORD 10
VIVAVOCE 10
TOTAL 60

RESULT
Thus, the given plate is analysed and the results are plotted using ANSYS 19.2.

151
 STEADY STATE THERMAL ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITE WALL

PROBLEM

152
EX.NO. STEADY STATE THERMAL ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITE DATE
16 WALL

AIM
To analyse the given 2D Composite Wall on thermal analysis.

SOFTWARE
ANSYS 19.2

PROCEDURE
STEP 1: PREFERENCE

Preference → Thermal → OK.

STEP 2: PREPROCESSOR
➢ ELEMENT TYPE
➢ Define the Beam element by doing the following steps

Element type → Add/edit/delete → Add → Solid → 8 node77 → Plane77 will appear Ok → Close

➢ MATERIAL PROPS
➢ The material properties are defined by doing the following steps

Material Props → Material Model → Material model number 1 → Define material ID 1 → Thermal
→ conductivity → isotropic → KXX = 20.

Material → New model → Define material ID 2 → OK → Thermal → conductivity → isotropic→ KXX

=30

Material → New model → Define material ID 3 → OK → Thermal → conductivity → isotropic→

KXX=50.

153
ELEMENTAL DIAGRAM

154
 • MODELING
➢ The area of the wall has been created by rectangle through various steps.

Create → Area → Rectangle → By 2 Corners → Enter the tabulate value → OK

LAYER NO VP-X VP-Y Width Height

LAYER 1 0 0 0.3 1
LAYER 2 0.3 0 0.15 1
LAYER 3 0.45 0 0.15 1

➢ To convert the three layers into single entities it has to been glue by following the steps below.

Operate → Booleans → Glue → Area → Pick all

• MESH
➢ Now the meshing is done by doing the following steps.

Mesh tool → Smart Size → Mesh → pick all

• LOADS
➢ Loads can be given by doing the following steps,

Define loads → apply → Thermal → Temperature → on lines → Right side of the object → Ok →
DOFs = TEMP, VALVE load TEMP = 20 → OK

Define loads → apply → Thermal → Convection → On Lines → Left side of the object → Ok → Film
Coefficient = 25 → Bulk Temperature = 800 → Ok.

STEP 3: SOLUTION

Solve → Current LS → Ok → Message will display "Solution is Done" → Close

155
 NODAL SOLUTION
TEMPERATUR
E

156
STEP 4: GENERAL POSTPROCESSING
The required results can be through the following steps.
• PLOT RESULT
➢ To define the deformation among the nodes are determined by the following steps.

Contour plots → Nodal Solution → DOF Solution → Nodal Temperature → OK → Save the Results.

Contour plots → Nodal Solution → Thermal Gradient → X Component of Thermal gradient → OK

→ Save the Results.

Contour plots → Nodal Solution → Thermal flux → X Component of Thermal flux → OK → Save the
Results.

• QUERY RESULT

Sub grid solution → DOF solution vs TEMP → Tick “Generate 3D anno” in Query sub grid menu →
Tick “Generate 3D anno” in Query sub grid menu → OK → Select the region to define the TEMP of
the node → Save the Results.

• LIST RESULT

Nodal solution → Nodal Solution → DOF Solution → Nodal Temperature → OK → FILE → Save as
→ OK.

• PATH OPEARTION

Define path → By Node → select the no. of node points → OK → Define path Name = ABC → OK.

Map onto path → User label item = ABC → Select DOF solution, Temperature TEMP → OK.

Plot path Item → On graph → Select ABC → OK → Save the Results.

157
CALCULATION
Resistance 𝑅1,2,3 ,
𝐿1
𝑅1 =
𝐾1 𝐴1
0.30
𝑅1 =
20 × 1 × 0.6
℃
𝑹𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐𝟓
𝑾
℃
𝑹𝟐 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟖
𝑾
℃
𝑹𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟓
𝑾

Resistance due to convection,

1
𝑅𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣 =
ℎ𝐴
1
𝑅𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣 =
25 × 1 × 0.6
℃
𝑹𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒗 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟔𝟔
𝑾

Total resistance,
℃
𝑹𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟎𝟒
𝑾

Temperature gradient,
Q × 𝑅 = 𝑇1 − 𝑇2
𝑻𝟏 − 𝑻𝟐 = 𝟏𝟖𝟕. 𝟓 ℃

Heat flux,
𝑄
∅=
𝐴
7500
∅=
0.6
𝑾
∅ = 𝟏𝟐𝟓𝟎𝟎 𝒎𝟐

158
OUTPUT
1. Maximum temperature at Node 01 = 304.76 oC
2. Minimum temperature at Node 359 = 20.000 oC
3. Temperature at Node 43 = 119.05 oC
4. Temperature at Node 507 = 297.98 oC
5. Maximum temperature gradient at Node 01 = -619.05 W/m
6. Minimum temperature gradient at Node 2994 = -247.62 W/m
7. Maximum thermal flux at Node 1 = 12381W/m2
8. Thermal gradient at Node 3697 = -247.62 W/m

FROM THE GRAPH

1. At distance 0.36 m, Temperature = 95 oC
2. At distance 0.54 m, Temperature = 32 oC

CHARACTERIZATION CALCULATED VALUE ANALYZED VALUE

Temperature Gradient (K/W) 187.5 185.712
Heat generation (W/m2) 12500 12381

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

LAB: SIMULATION LABORATORY (18MPC707)
MARKS ALLOCATION
MARKS MARKS
DESCRIPTION
OBTAINED AWARDED
OBSERVATION 10
MODELLING, ANALYZING & CALCULATION 30
RECORD 10
VIVAVOCE 10
TOTAL 60

RESULT
Thus, the given 2D Composite wall is analysed and the results are plotted using ANSYS 19.2.

159
 STEADY STATE THERMAL ANALYSIS OF CHIMNEY
Calculate and analyse the given chimney model and determine the heat transfer rate between the
chimney and the surrounding.

MESHED DIAGRAM

160
 EX.NO STEADY STATE THERMAL ANALYSIS OF DATE
17 CHIMNEY

AIM
To analyse the steady state thermal analysis of chimney and plot the thermal value.

SOFTWARE
ANSYS 19.2

PROCEDURE
STEP 1: PREFERENCE

Preference → Thermal → OK

STEP 2: PREPROCESSOR
• ELEMENT TYPE
➢ Define the element by doing the following steps:

Element Type → Add/Edit/Delete → Add → Solid → 8Node77 → Plane77 will appear → Close

• MATERIAL PROPS
➢ The material properties are defined by doing the following steps:

Material Props → Material Models → Material Model Number 1 (Concrete) → Thermal →

Conductivity → Isotropic → Kxx = 0.07 → OK

Material → New Model → Material Model Number 2 (Brick) → Thermal → Conductivity →

Isotropic → Kxx = 0.04 → OK

161
ELEMENTAL DIAGRAM

NODAL SOLUTION

162
 • MODELING
➢ The Areas are created by doing the following steps for concrete

Create → Areas → Rectangle →By two Corners→ Enter the value on the table below → apply
Rectangle
VP-X VP-Y Width Height
number
1 0 0 26 26
2 6 6 14 14

Operate → Booleans → Subtract → Areas → Pick Total area →OK → Select the Area 2
(To be subtract) →Ok

➢ The Areas are created by doing the following steps for Brick.
Create → Areas → Rectangle → Enter the value on the table below → apply

Rectangle
VP-X VP-Y Width Height
number
3 6 6 14 14 (apply)
4 7 7 12 12 (OK)

Operate → Booleans → Subtract → Areas → Pick Total area 3,4 → OK → Select the Area 2
(To be subtract) → Ok

➢ To convert the different layers into single entities it has to been glue by following the steps
below

Operate → Booleans → Glue → Area → Pick all

• MESHING
➢ To define the appropriate material to the appropriate area by doing the following steps.

Mesh Attributes → Picked Areas → Selected Area 1(outer area) → OK → Define Material Number =
1 → OK

Mesh Attributes → Picked Areas → Selected Area 3(inner area) → OK → Define Material Number =
2 → OK

➢ . Now the meshing is done by doing the following steps

Mesh tool → Smart Size → Fine value = 1 → Mesh → Pick all → OK

163
 TEMPERATUR
E

164
GRAPH
 • LOADS
➢ Constraints can be given by doing the following steps, first node is constrained by doing the
following steps.

Loads → Define Loads → Apply → Thermal → Convection → On line → Selected the line of the outer
area → OK → Film Coefficient = 0.012 → Bulk Temperature = 100 → Ok

Loads → Define Loads → Apply → Thermal → Convection → On line → Selected the line of the inner
edge area → OK → Film Coefficient = 0.037 → Bulk Temperature = 200 → Ok

STEP 3: SOLUTION

Solve → Current LS → Ok → Message will display "Solution is Done" → Close

STEP 4: GENERAL POSTPROC

The required results can be through the following steps.
• PLOT RESULT

Contour plots → Nodal Solu → Nodal solution → DOF Solution→ Nodal Temperature → OK → Save
the Results.

• QUERY RESULT

Sub grid Solution → DOF Solution vs TEMP → Tick “Generate 3D anno” in Query sub grid menu →
OK → Pick the node where the TEMP need to show → Take the three need result.

• LIST RESULT

Nodal Solution → DOF solution → Nodal Temperature → OK → File → Save as → OK.

• PATH OPERATION

Define path → By Node → select the no. of node points → OK → Define path Name = ABC → OK.

Map onto path → User label item = ABC → Select DOF solution, Temperature TEMP → OK.

Plot path Item → On graph → Select ABC → OK → Save the Results.

165
CALCULATION
Inner edge = 12 × 12 cm
Brick thickness = (14 - 12)/2 = 1 cm
= 0.01 m
Concreate thickness = (26 - 14)/2 = 6 cm
= 0.06 m
Total thickness = 0.01 + 0.06
= 0.07 m
Thermal conductivity of brick (Kb) = 0.037 W/mK
Thermal conductivity of concrete (Kc) = 0.012 W/mK

The temperature at the interface,

(0.037 × 200 × 0.06 ×) + ( 0.012 × 140 × 0.01 )
𝑇𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 =
(0.037 × 0.06) + (0.012 × 0.01)
𝑇𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 = 𝟏𝟗𝟔. 𝟗𝟐 ℃

Heat flux,
200 − 𝑇𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒
𝑞𝑏𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑘 = 𝐾𝑏 × ( )
0.01
200 − 196.92
𝑞𝑏𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑘 = 0.037 × ( )
0.01
𝑾
𝒒𝒃𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒌 = 𝟏𝟏. 𝟑𝟖
𝒎𝟐
𝑇𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 − 140
𝑞𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒 = 𝐾𝑐 × ( )
0.06
196.92 − 140
𝑞𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒 = 0.012 × ( )
0.06
𝑾
𝒒𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒆 = 𝟏𝟏. 𝟑𝟖
𝒎𝟐

Thermal gradient,
𝑻𝟏 − 𝑻𝟐 = 𝟑𝟎𝟕. 𝟔𝟗 ℃/𝑾

166
OUTPUT
1. Thermal gradient at Node 1 = 213.06 oC/W
2. Thermal gradient at Node 5 = 496.57 oC/W
3. Thermal gradient at Node 14 = 236.88 oC/W
4. Thermal gradient at Node 3152 = 388.51 oC/W
5. Thermal flux at Node 01 = -149.14 W/m2
6. Thermal flux at Node 05 = -347.60 W/m2
7. Thermal flux at Node 18 = -148.46 W/m2
8. Thermal flux at Node 3153 = 396.72 W/m2

FROM THE GRAPH

1. At a distance of 5.2, Temperature value = 67.679 oC
2. At a distance of 23.4, Temperature value = 35.60 oC

CHARACTERIZATION CALCULATED VALUE ANALYZED VALUE

Temperature Gradient (oC /W) 307.69 347.60
Heat flux (W/m2) 11.38 12.381

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

LAB: SIMULATION LABORATORY (18MPC707)
MARKS ALLOCATION
MARKS MARKS
DESCRIPTION
OBTAINED AWARDED
OBSERVATION 10
MODELLING, ANALYZING & CALCULATION 30
RECORD 10
VIVAVOCE 10
TOTAL 60

RESULT
Thus, the steady state Thermal Analysis of chimney is carried out using ANSYS 19.2 and the results
are plotted.
167
 TRANSIENT THERMAL ANALYSIS OF CYLINDRICAL PIN
PROBLEM
Calculate and analyse the given cylindrical pin model and determine the transient heat transfer rate
between the pin and the surrounding.

ELEMENT TYPE = Solid 8 node 70

K = 0.17 W/cmoC
Diameter = 1 cm
H = 0.0025 W/cm2 °C
Length = 10 cm
Time = 50 sec
Tα = 25° C

168
 EX.NO TRANSIENT THERMAL ANALYSIS OF CYLINDRICAL DATE
18 PIN

AIM
To Perform Transient thermal analysis of Given Cylindrical Pin using analysing software and plot the
thermal value.

SOFTWARE

ANSYS 19.2

PROCEDURE
STEP 1: PREFERENCE

Preference → Thermal → Ok

STEP 2: PREPROCESSOR
• ELEMENT TYPE
➢ Define the element by doing the following steps

Element Type → Add/Edit/Delete → Add → Solid → 8 node 70 → Solid70 will appear → Close

• MATERIAL PROPS
➢ The material properties are defined by doing the following steps

Material Props → Material Models → Thermal → Conductivity → Isotropic → Kxx = 0.17 → OK

• MODELING
➢ The Volume are created by doing the following steps for concrete

Create → Volumes → Cylinder → Solid Cylinder → Enter the value on the table below → Ok
Cylinder VP-X VP-Y Radius Length
1 0 0 0.5 10

169
NODAL SOLUTION

THERMAL GRADIENT

170
 • MESHING
➢ Now the meshing is done by doing the following steps

Mesh tool → Smart Size → Fine value = 3 → Mesh → Pick all → OK.

• SOLUTION
➢ Before Define the loads 5 steps have to been done in the solution set.

Analysis type → New Analysis → Transient → Full → OK

Analysis type → Solution Controls → Solution Options → Frequency = Write every sub step → OK

Load Step Opts → Output Controls → Solu Printout → Pick Every sub step → OK

Load Step Opts → Output Controls → D/B Results File → Pick Every sub step → OK

Time/Frequency → Time and Sub step → Time = 50, Sub step = 5 → AUTO = On →OK

• LOADS
➢ Loads can be given by doing the following steps in the model

Loads → Analysis type → New Analysis → Transient →Full → OK

➢ To define the load value on the pin

Loads → Define Loads → Apply → Thermal → Temperature → On Areas → Pick the one end of the
pin → OK → Pick TEMP → TEMP Value = 170 → OK

➢ To define the Convection on the other end of the model follows

Loads → Define Loads → Apply → Thermal → Convection → On Areas → Pick other end of the pin
→ Ok → Film coefficient = 0.0025, Bulk Temperature = 25 → OK

➢ To define the Heat Generation on the areas of the model follows

Loads → Define Loads → Apply → Thermal → Heat Generation → On areas → Select the previous
area for apply convection → OK → H = 0.0625 → OK

171
 THERMAL FLUX
TEMPERATUR
E

GRAPH

172
STEP 3: SOLUTION

Solve → Current LS → Ok → Message will display "Solution is Done" → Close

STEP 4: GENERAL POSTPROC

The required results can be through the following steps.
• PLOT RESULT

Contour plots → Nodal solution → DOF Solution→ Nodal Temperature → OK → Save the Results.

Contour plots → Nodal solution → Thermal Gradient → X Component of thermal Gradient → OK →

Save the Results.

Contour plots → Nodal solution → Thermal Flux → X Component of thermal Gradient → OK →

Save the Results.

• LIST RESULT

List result → Nodal Solution → DOF solution → Nodal Temperature → Ok → File → Save as → OK.

• PATH OPERATION

Define path → By Node → select the no. of node points → Ok → Define path Name = ABC → OK.

Map onto path → User label item = ABC → Select DOF solution vs Temperature TEMP → OK.

Plot path Item → On graph → Select ABC → OK → Save the Results.

• TIMEHIST POSTPROC

Time/mist Post process → Add → Nodal Solution → DOF Solution → Nodal Temperature → OK →
Pick the midpoint region in the pin → OK → Graph Data → Save the results.

• READ RESULT

Read result → Next set → Plot → Replot.

Read result → By Time/frequency → Value of time = 0 to 50 → OK → Plot → Replot.

173
CALCULATION
Assuming as a steady state,
𝑇1 = 170 ℃
𝑇2 = 25 ℃
The steady state solution is,
−𝒉𝒙
𝑻(𝒙) = 𝑻∞ + (𝑻𝟏 − 𝑻∞ ) . 𝒆 𝒌𝑨
Where,
𝑇∞ = 25 ℃
𝑇1 = 170 ℃
𝑊
ℎ = 0.0025 𝑐𝑚2 ℃
𝑊
𝑘 = 0.17 𝑐𝑚 ℃

Cross sectional area of the pin is given by,

𝐴 = 𝜋𝑟 2
𝐴 = 𝜋(0.5)2
𝑨 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟖𝟓 𝒄𝒎𝟐

Solving for the temperature at the centre of the pin,

𝑥 = 5 𝑐𝑚
ℎ𝑥 (0.0025)(5)
=
𝑘𝐴 (0.17)(0.785)
ℎ𝑥
= 0.0937
𝑘𝐴
𝒆−𝟎.𝟎𝟗𝟑𝟕 = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟏𝟎𝟔

Therefore,
−ℎ𝑥
𝑇(𝑥) = 𝑇∞ + (𝑇1 − 𝑇∞ ) . 𝑒 𝑘𝐴
𝑇(5) = 25 + (170 − 25) . 0.9106
𝑻(𝟓) = 𝟏𝟓𝟕 ℃

174
OUTPUT
1. Temperature at Node 01 = 26.889 oC
2. Temperature at Node 05 = 70.000 oC
3. Temperature at Node 764 = 31.355 oC
4. Temperature at Node 1599 = 44.223 oC
5. Thermal gradient at Node 01 = -43.65 oC/W
6. Thermal gradient at Node 27 = 76.84 oC/W
7. Thermal gradient at Node 385 = 155.56 oC/W
8. Thermal gradient at Node 800 = 84.65 oC/W
9. Thermal flux at Node 01 = 30.56 W/cm2
10. Thermal flux at Node 23 = -15.571 W/cm2

FROM THE GRAPH

At the distance of 3.98 cm temperature = 159.006 oC

CHARACTERIZATION CALCULATED VALUE ANALYZED VALUE

Temperature at the center (oC) 157 168.320

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

LAB: SIMULATION LABORATORY (18MPC707)
MARKS ALLOCATION
MARKS MARKS
DESCRIPTION
OBTAINED AWARDED
OBSERVATION 10
MODELLING, ANALYZING & CALCULATION 30
RECORD 10
VIVAVOCE 10
TOTAL 60

RESULT
Thus, the Transient state thermal analysis on Cylindrical Pin is carried out using ANSYS
and the Results are Plotted.

175
 INDIRECT COUPLED FIELD ANALYSIS
PROBLEM

MESHED VIEW

176
 EX.NO DATE
INDIRECT COUPLED FIELD ANALYSIS
19

AIM

To Perform the Indirect Coupled Field analysis on Bi-Metallic strip by using Analysis Software and
plot the results.

SOFTWARE

ANSYS 19.2

PROCEDURE
THERMAL ANALYSIS OF THE MODEL
STEP 1: PREFERENCE

Preference → Thermal → Ok

STEP 2: PREPROCESSOR
• ELEMENT TYPE
➢ Define the element by doing the following steps

Element Type → Add/Edit/Delete → Add → Solid → Quad 4 node 55 → Plane55 will appear → Close

• MATERIAL PROPS
➢ The material properties are defined by doing the following steps:

Material Properties → Material Models → Material Model Number 1 → Thermal → Conductivity →

Isotropic → Kxx = 50 → OK

Material → New Model → Material Model Number = 2 → Thermal → Conductivity → Isotropic →

Kxx = 25 → OK

• MODELING
➢ The Areas are created by doing the following steps

Create → Areas → Rectangle →By two Corners→ Enter the value on the table below → apply

177
 NODAL SOLUTION
TEMPERATUR
E

GRAPH

178
 Rectangle
VP-X VP-Y Width Height
number
1 0 0 10 1
2 0 1 10 1

• GLUE

Operate → Booleans → Glue → Area → Pick all

• MESHING
➢ To define the appropriate material to the appropriate area by doing the following steps.

Mesh Attributes → Picked Areas → Selected Area 1(upper rectangle)→ OK → Define Material
Number = 1 → OK

Mesh Attributes → Picked Areas → Selected Area 2 (lower rectangle) → OK → Define Material
Number = 2 → OK

➢ Now the meshing is done by doing the following steps

Mesh tool → Smart Size → Grain Size = 3 → Mesh → pick all → Ok

• LOADS
➢ Loads can be given by doing the following steps,

Loads → Define Loads → Apply → Thermal → Temperature → On lines → Pick bottom line of the
model → OK → Pick ‘TEMP’ → TEMP value = 20 → Apply → Pick top line of the model → OK →
Pick ‘TEMP’ → TEMP value = 500 → OK

STEP 3: SAVE

File → Save as → Name as Bi-metallic strip → Ok

STEP 4: SOLUTION

Solve → Current LS → Ok → Message will display "Solution is Done" → Close

179
CALCULATION
THERMAL ANALYSIS
Length (L) = 10 cm
= 0.1 m
Height (H1) = 0.01 m
Height (H2) = 0.01 m
T1 = 500 oC
T2 = 20 oC
k1 = 50 W/m oC
k2 = 25 W/m oC

Heat Flow,
𝑘1 𝐴1 ∆𝑇
𝑄1 =
𝐿
50 × 0.01 × 0.01 × (500 − 20)
𝑄1 =
0.1
𝑄1 = 24 𝑊
𝑘2 𝐴2 ∆𝑇
𝑄2 =
𝐿
25 × 0.01 × 0.01 × (500 − 20)
𝑄2 =
0.1
𝑄2 = 12 𝑊
𝑸𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 = 𝟐𝟒 + 𝟏𝟐 = 𝟑𝟔 𝑾

Heat Flux,
𝑄𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
∅=
𝐴𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
36
∅=
2 × 10−4
𝑾
∅ = 𝟏𝟖𝟎, 𝟎𝟎𝟎
𝒎𝟐

Thermal gradient,
𝝏𝑻 ∆𝑻 𝟓𝟎𝟎 − 𝟐𝟎 ℃
= = = 𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎
𝝏𝒚 𝑳 𝟎. 𝟏 𝒎

180
STEP 5: GENERAL POSTPROC
The required results can be through the following steps.
• PLOT RESULT

Contour plots → Nodal solution → DOF Solution→ Nodal Temperature → OK → Save the Results.

• LIST RESULT

Nodal Solution → DOF solution → Nodal Temperature → OK → File → Save as → Ok

• QUERY RESULT

Sub grid Solution → DOF Solution vs TEMP → Tick “Generate 3D anno” in Query sub grid menu →
OK → Pick the node where the TEMP needs to show → Take the three-need result.

• PATH OPERATION

Define path → By Node → select the no. of node points → OK → Define path Name = ABC → OK.

Map onto path → User label item = ABC → Select DOF solution, Temperature TEMP → OK.

Plot path Item → On graph → Select ABC → OK → Save the Results.

181
DEFORMED + UNDEFORMED SHAPE

182
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF THE MODEL
STEP 1: PREFERENCE

Preference → Structural → Ok

STEP 2: PREPROCESSOR
• ELEMENT TYPE
➢ Define the element by doing the following steps

Element Type → Switch Elem Type → Thermal to Structural → OK

• MATERIAL PROPS
➢ The material properties are defined by doing the following steps:

Material Props → Material Models → Material Model Number 1 → Structural → Linear → Elastic
→ Isotropic → EX = 190E9, PRXY = 25 → OK → Thermal Expansion → Secant Coefficient →
Isotropic → ALPX = 20E-8 → OK

Material Props → Material Models → Material Model Number 1 → Structural → Linear → Elastic
→ Isotropic → EX = 300E9 PRXY = 25 → OK → Thermal Expansion → Secant Coefficient →
Isotropic → ALPX = 10E-8 → OK

• LOADS
➢ Loads can be given by doing the following steps,

Loads → Define Loads → Apply → Structural → Displacement → On Lines → Pick left side line of
the both rectangle → OK → Pick ALL DOF →

➢ Load is defined through the temperature given in the previous Thermal loads by following the
steps.

Temperature → From Thermal Analyses → Browse the Thermal file that has been saved previously
→ OK

183
VON MISES STRESS

184
STEP 3: SOLUTION

Solve → Current LS → Ok → Message will display "Solution is Done" → Close

STEP 4: GENERAL POSTPROC

The required results can be through the following steps.
➢ PLOT RESULT

Deformed Shape → Def + Undeformed → OK → Save the Results.

Contour Plots → Nodal Solution → Stress → Von Mises Stress → OK → Save the results.

➢ LIST RESULT

Nodal Solution → DOF solution → X Component of Displacement → OK → File → Save as → OK

➢ QUERY RESULT

Sub grid Solution → DOF Solution vs Displacement → Tick “Generate 3D anno” in Query sub grid
menu → OK → Pick the node where you need to show deflection → Take the three-need result.

➢ PATH OPERATION

Define path → By Node → select the no. of node points → OK → Define path Name = ABC → OK.

Map onto path → User label item = ABC → Select DOF solution, Y component → OK.

Plot path Item → On graph → Select ABC → OK → Save the Results

185
 DISPLACEMENT VECTOR

GRAPH
DEFLECTIO
N

186
OUTPUT
NODAL TEMPERATURE
1. At Node 01 = 20 oC
2. At Node 03 = 340 oC
3. At Node 06 = 500 oC
4. At Node 60 = 218.57 oC
5. At Node 180 = 80.715 oC
6. At Node 200 = 80.715 oC
7. At Node 580 = 370.36 oC

DISPLACEMENT IN Y - DIRECTION
1. At Node 01 = 0.00 mm
2. At Node 02 = -0.29E-2 mm (maximum)
3. At Node 10 = -0.41E-4 mm
4. At Node 230 = -0.23E-3 mm
5. At Node 250 = -0.41E-3 mm
6. At Node 350 = -0.23E-2 mm
7. At Node 400 = -0.21E-2 mm
8. At Node 500 = -0.35E-4 mm
9. At Node 580 = -0.22E-2 mm
10. At Node 583 = -0.27E-2 mm

FROM THE GRAPH

1. At a distance of 6 m, Temperature = 212 oC
2. At a distance of 6m, Deflection = 0.72E-2

CHARACTERIZATION CALCULATED VALUE ANALYZED VALUE

Heat Flow (W) 36 40.012
Heat Flux (W/m2) 180000 180987
Thermal Gradient (oC/m2) 4800 4800.061

187
188
 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
LAB: SIMULATION LABORATORY (18MPC707)
MARKS ALLOCATION
MARKS MARKS
DESCRIPTION
OBTAINED AWARDED
OBSERVATION 10
MODELLING, ANALYZING & CALCULATION 30
RECORD 10
VIVAVOCE 10
TOTAL 60

RESULT
Thus, the Indirect Coupled Field Analysis on Bi-Metallic Strip is performed by using ANSYS 19.2 and
the results are plotted.

189
 MODAL ANALYSIS OF CANTILEVER BEAM
Perform the modal analysis of the cantilever beam using ANSYS to determine the 5 set of natural
frequencies and corresponding mode shapes. Use the following given material properties,

Young’s modulus = 200000 N/mm2

Poisson’s ratio = 0.33
Density = 7830 kg/m3

190
 EX.NO. DATE
20 MODAL ANALYSIS OF CANTILEVER BEAM

AIM
To find the natural frequencies and mode shapes at first five modes for the cantilever beam.

DYNAMIC LOADING
Dynamic loading of a cantilever beam refers to the application of time-varying forces or loads, causing
the beam to experience inertia effects, vibrations, and potential resonance due to the changing nature of the
load.

SOFTWARE
ANSYS 19.2

PROCEDURE
STEP 1: PREFERENCE

Preference → Structural → OK

STEP 2: PREPROCESSOR
• ELEMENT TYPE
➢ Define the Beam element by doing the following steps

Element type → Add/edit/delete → Add → Beam → 2 node 188→ Ok → Beam 188 will appear→ Close

• MATERIAL PROPS
➢ The material properties are defined by doing the following steps

Material Props → Material Model → Material model number 1 → Structural → Linear → Elastic →
Isotropic → EX = 2E5 → PRXY = 0.3 → Ok.

Material Props → Material Model → Material model number 1 → Density → DENS = 7830E-9

191
FIRST SET

SECOND SET

192
 • SECTION
➢ The cross section of the beam is defined by the following steps,

Sections → Beam Common Sections → Sub-Type Rectangular → B = 100→H = 50 → Ok

• MODELLING
➢ The key points are created by the following steps.

Modelling → Create → Key points → In active CS → Enter the table below → Ok

KEY POINT X, Y, Z location in active CS

NUMBER X Y Z
1 0 0 0
2 1000 0 0

➢ A line is drawn by connecting the key points by,

Modelling → Create → Lines → Straight Line →Pick 1 & 2 → Ok

• MESHING
➢ Meshing is done by doing the following step.

Meshing → Mesh Tool → Mesh → Pick All → Close

• LOADS
➢ One end of the beam is constrained by doing the following steps,

Load → Define loads → Apply → Structural → Displacement → On Key points →Pick key point 1→
OK → All DOF → OK

STEP 3: SOLUTION
➢ Modal analysis is selected by doing the following steps.

Solution Analysis Type → New Analysis → Modal → Ok

➢ The modal analysis options are set by doing the following steps

Solution Analysis Type Analysis Options → Mode extraction method - Block Lanczos → No. of modes
to extract 5→ No. of modes to expand = 5 → OK

➢ The solution is done by doing the following steps

Solution → Solve → Current LS→ OK

193
THIRD SET

FOURTH SET

194
STEP 4: GENERAL POSTPROCESS
NATURAL FREQUENCY
➢ The natural frequencies at five modes are obtained by doing the following step.

General Postprocessing → Result Summary

MODE SHAPES
➢ The first five mode shapes are obtained by doing the following steps

General Postprocessing → Read Results → First Set → Plot Results → Deformed shape → Def+
undeformed

General Postprocessing → Read Results → Second Set → Plot Results → Deformed shape → Def+
undeformed

General Postprocessing → Read Results → Third Set → Plot Results → Deformed shape → Def+
undeformed

General Postprocessing → Read Results → Fourth Set → Plot Results → Deformed shape → Def+
undeformed

General Postprocessing → Read Results → Fifth Set → Plot Results → Deformed shape → Def+
undeformed

IMAGE CAPTURE

➢ The Modal image is captured by the following steps,

Utility menu → Report generation (small tab will open) → Image capture → Give file name →
defined path location → Save

195
FIFTH SET

196
OUTPUT

SET TIME/FREQ LOAD STEP

1 1.2980 1
2 2.5805 1
3 9.9840 1
4 18.538 1
5 18.968 1

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

LAB: SIMULATION LABORATORY (18MPC707)
MARKS ALLOCATION
MARKS MARKS
DESCRIPTION
OBTAINED AWARDED
OBSERVATION 10
MODELLING, ANALYZING & CALCULATION 30
RECORD 10
VIVAVOCE 10
TOTAL 60

RESULT

The cantilever beam has been analysed and the natural frequencies mode shapes at first five modes have
obtained using ANSYS.
197
 HARMONIC ANALYSIS OF CANTILEVER BEAM
Perform the harmonic analysis of the cantilever beam using ANSYS to determine the harmonic
frequencies. Use the following given material properties,

Young’s modulus = 200000 N/mm2

Poisson’s ratio = 0.33
Density = 7830 kg/m3

100 N

198
 EX.NO. DATE
21 HARMONIC ANALYSIS OF CANTILEVER BEAM

AIM
To determine the harmonic analysis of the cantilever beam to the harmonic loads.

HARMONIC LOADING
Harmonic loading refers to a type of loading where the applied force or load varies sinusoidally with
time.

SOFTWARE
ANSYS 19.2

PROCEDURE
STEP 1: PREFERENCE

Preference → Structural → OK

STEP 2: PREPROCESSOR
• ELEMENT TYPE
➢ Define the Beam element by doing the following steps

Element type → Add/edit/delete → Add → Beam → 2 node 188→ Ok → Beam 188 will appear→ Close

• MATERIAL PROPS
➢ The material properties are defined by doing the following steps

Material Props → Material Model → Material model number 1 → Structural → Linear → Elastic →
Isotropic → EX = 2E5 → PRXY = 0.3 → Ok.

Material Props → Material Model → Material model number 1 → Density → DENS = 7830E-9

199
FIRST SET

SECOND SET

200
 • SECTION
➢ The cross section of the beam is defined by the following steps

Sections → Beam Common Sections → Sub-Type Rectangular → B = 100→H = 50 → Ok

• MODELLING
➢ The key points are created by doing the following steps.

Modelling → Create → Key points → In active CS → Enter the table below → Ok

KEY POINT X, Y, Z location in active CS

NUMBER X Y Z
1 0 0 0
2 1000 0 0

➢ A line is drawn by connecting the already created key points. This can be done by following
the step.

Modelling → Create → Lines → Straight Line →Pick 1 & 2 → Ok

• MESHING
➢ Meshing can be done by the following step.

Meshing Mesh Tool → Mesh → Pick All → Close

• LOADS
➢ Now the first key point is selected and the constrain is applied by doing the following steps

Loads Define → Loads Apply → Structural → Displacement → On Key points →Pick key point 1→ OK
→ All DOF → OK

• The force is applied at the key point 2 by the following steps.

Loads → Define Loads → Apply → Structural → Force/Moment on Key points →Pick key point 2→
OK → Select FY → Force/Moment value = -100→ OK

STEP 3: SOLUTION
➢ Harmonic analysis is selected by doing the following steps.

Solution Analysis Type → New Analysis → Harmonic → Ok

Solution → Analysis Type → Analysis options → Ok

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THIRD SET

NEXT SET

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 ➢ Harmonic frequency range and the number of sub steps are given by doing the following steps.

Solution Load Step Opts →Time/Frequent → Freq and Sub steps > HARFRQ- 0,100 NSUBST-10 →
Stepped → Ok

➢ The solution is done by doing the following steps

Solution → Solve → Current LS→ OK

STEP 4: GENERAL POSTPROCESS

HARMONIC FREQUENCY
➢ The system response is obtained as the harmonic displacements at each DOF. These harmonic
displacements are extracted by doing the following steps.

Time list Postprocess → Add data → Nodal Solution → DOF Solution→ Component of displacement →
OK → Pick the right most node → OK → Graph Data
➢ The same steps are followed for the remaining DOFs.

QUERY RESULT

Query result → Sub grid solution → Pick nodes

IMAGE CAPTURE

➢ The Modal image is captured by the following steps,

Utility menu → Report generation (small tab will open) → Image capture → Give file name →
defined path location → Save

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OUTPUT

1. Displacement in Y direction at Node 01 = 0.000 mm

2. Displacement in Y direction at Node 01 = 0.72079E-002
3. Displacement in Y direction at Node 01 = -0.39068E-002
4. Displacement in Y direction at Node 01 = -0.33068E-002

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

LAB: SIMULATION LABORATORY (18MPC707)
MARKS ALLOCATION
MARKS MARKS
DESCRIPTION
OBTAINED AWARDED
OBSERVATION 10
MODELLING, ANALYZING & CALCULATION 30
RECORD 10
VIVAVOCE 10
TOTAL 60

RESULT

The cantilever beam has been analysed and the harmonic response has seen in terms of harmonic
displacements using ANSYS.

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NOTES

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