Journal Publication of International Research for Engineering and Management (JOIREM)

Volume: 10 Issue: 05 | Oct-2021

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14190428

Power System Stability Enhancement Using Fact Devices

Vikas Singh1
1IIT Mumbai

---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract -The development of the fashionable grid has voltage stability, and steady state and transient stabilities of an
crystal rectifier to associate degree increasing quality within the entire facility.
study of power systems, and conjointly presents new challenges
to grid stability, and specially, to the aspects of transient 2. CLASSIFICATION OF FACTS
stability and small-signal stability. thus grid engineers square DEVICES
measure presently facing challenges to extend the facility
transfer capabilities of existing gear. this is often wherever the
versatile AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) technology
comes into impact with comparatively low investment,
compared to new transmission or generation facilities. versatile
AC gear (FACTS) devices use power natural philosophy
elements to take care of controllability and capability of electric
power system. The paper aims towards the performance of
UPFC is compared with alternative FACTS devices like Static
Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC), Thyristor
Controlled Series electrical device (TCSC), and Static volt-
ampere Compensator (SVC) severally. Thesimulation results Fig2.1: Block Diagram of FACTS Controllers
demonstrate the effectiveness of the UPFC on transient stability
of the system. 2.1 THYRISTOR-CONTROLLED SERIES
CAPACITOR
Keywords: FACTS, SSSC, SVC, TCSC, Transient stability,
STATCOM, UPFC.

1. INTRODUCTION

This Modern facility could be a complicated network

comprising of various generators, transmission lines, type of Fig2.2: Configuration of a TCSC
hundreds and transformers. As a consequence of skyrocketing
power demand some transmission lines square measure When the thyristors are fired, the TCSC can be
additional loaded than was planned once they were engineered. mathematically
With the raised loading of long transmission lines, the matter Described as Described as
of transient stability once a serious fault will become a
transmission limiting issue.
The stability of a system determines whether or not the
system will calm down to the initial or getting ready to the
steady state once the transients disappear. Transient stability
refers to the potential of a system to take care of operation
within the event of enormous disturbances like multi-phase Xc = Nominal reactance of the fixed capacitor C
short-circuit faults or change of lines. The ensuing system
response involves giant excursions of generator rotor angles X p = Inductive reactance of inductor L connected in
and is influenced by the nonlinear power angle relationship. parallel with C.
Stability depends upon each the initial operational conditions is conduction angle of TCSCcontroller.
of the system and therefore the severity of the disturbance.
Recent development of power natural philosophy introduces
the utilization of versatile ac transmission (FACTS) controllers K= = compensation ratio.
in power systems. FACTS controllers square measure capable
of dominant the network condition in a very in no time manner
Thyristor Controlled Series condenser (TCSC) is one
and this feature of FACTS may be exploited to enhance the
amongst the necessary members of FACTS family that's

© 2021, JOIREM |www.joirem.com| Page 1

 Journal Publication of International Research for Engineering and Management (JOIREM)
Volume: 10 Issue: 05 | Oct-2021
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14190428

progressively applied with long transmission lines by the

utilities in trendy power systems. It will have varied roles
within the operation and management of power systems, like
programming power flow; decreasing unsymmetrical
components; reducing internet loss; providing voltage support;
limiting short-circuit currents; mitigating sub synchronous
resonance (SSR); damping the facility oscillation; and
enhancing transient stability.
2.2 UNIFIED POWER FLOW CONTROLLER
(UPFC)

Fig2.4. Configuration of SVC

Static power unit Compensator (SVC) may be a 1st
generation FACTS device that may management voltage at the
desired bus thereby rising the voltage profile of the system. the
first task of Associate in Nursing SVC is to take care of the
voltage at a selected bus by suggests that of reactive power
compensation (obtained by variable the firing angle of the
thyristors). SVCs are used for top performance steady state and
transient voltage management compared with classical shunt
Fig2.3. Configuration of UPFC compensation. SVCs are accustomed dampen power swings,
improve transient stability, and scale back system losses by
optimized reactive power management.

SIMULATION DIAGRAMS AND RESULTS:

Among the accessible FACTS devices, the Unified Power

Flow Controller (UPFC) is that the most versatile one which
will be wont to improve steady state stability, dynamic stability
and transient stability. The UPFC will severally management
several parameters since it's the mix of Static Synchronous Fig3.1: Simulink block of Static var compensator(SVC)
Compensator (STATCOM) and SSSC. These devices supply
another mean to mitigate grid oscillations. it's been reported in
several papers that UPFC will improve stability of single
machine infinite bus (SMIB) system and multimachine system.
A Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) could be a
member of FACTS family that is connected asynchronous with
an influence system. It consists of a solid state voltage supply
device that generates a governable electricity voltage at
harmonic. once the injected voltage is unbroken in construction
with the road current, it will emulate as inductiveor electrical
phenomenon electrical phenomenon thus on influence the
ability flow through the cable. whereas the first purpose of a
SSSC is to manage power flow in steady state, it may improve
transient stability of an influence system.
Fig3.2: SVC output
2.3 STATIC VAR COMPENSATOR (SVC)

© 2021, JOIREM |www.joirem.com| Page 2

 Journal Publication of International Research for Engineering and Management (JOIREM)
Volume: 10 Issue: 05 | Oct-2021
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14190428

Fig 3.7:SSSC (series)output

Fig3.3: Simulink block of Thyristor controlled series

capacitor

Fig 3.8: UPFC(series) output

3. COMPARISON BETWEEN FACTS

DEVICES FOR POWER SYSTEM
STABILITY ENHANCEMENT

Fig:3.4: TCSC output

TYPE POWERS SETTLING
OF FACTS YSTEM TIME
DEVICE STABI PERIO
LITY D

T LESS 4
C EFFECTIVE .
S 2
C

S EFFECTIVE 0
Fig 3.5: Simulink block of unified power flow controller V .
C 4

U MORE 0
P EFFECTIVE .
F 3
C 6

5. CONCLUSIONS
Fig 3.6: STATCOM(shunt) output In this paper, the ability system stability sweetening of an
influence system by varied FACTS devices is bestowed and
mentioned. the ability stability of the system is compared with
totally different FACTS devices. The performance of the UPFC
for installation stability improvement is healthier compared
with the opposite FACTS devices like SVC, TCSC, that is
obvious from the simulation results and there's a substantial
improvement of the system stability with UPFC. The essential
options of FACTS controllers and their potential to enhance
system stability is that the prime concern for effective &
economic operation of the ability system

© 2021, JOIREM |www.joirem.com| Page 3

 Journal Publication of International Research for Engineering and Management (JOIREM)
Volume: 10 Issue: 05 | Oct-2021
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14190428

REFERENCES

[1] S.V. Ravi Kumar, S. Siva Nagaraju, 2007, “Transient Stability

Improvement using UPFC and SVC,” ARPN Journal of
Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2(3), pp. 38-45.
[2] Power Flow Control in a Transmission Line through UPFC Parvej
khan1, Himmat singh 2 1,2Department of electrical engineering,
MITS Gwalior
[3] MATLAB Based Simulation of TCSC FACTS Controller Preeti
Singh, Mrs.Lini Mathew, Prof. S. Chatterji N.I.T.T.T.R.,
Chandigarh
[4] Chatterji.S, Rao.C.S and Nagsarkar T.K., Applications of FACTS
controllers for improving Power System Stability, XII National
Convention of Electrical Engineers
– Power System Management to overcome power shortage, Institution
of Engineers (INDIA) Punjab, Haryana and Chandigarh State
Center Chandigarh, 23-24 Nov.
[5] Chatterji.S, Rao.C.S and Nagsarkar T.K., Admittancechacteristics
of Thyristor controlled dynamic brake, 9th National Power Systems
Conference, IIT Kanpur, 19- 21 Dec. 1996.
[6] Chatterji.S, Rao.C.S and Nagsarkar T.K., Fuzzy logic based half
wave Thyristor controlled dynamic brake, 5th International
Conference on Power Electronics and Drive Systems (PEDS-
2003) organized by IEEE in Singapore, 17-20 Nov. 2003.
[7] 7.N.G.Hingorani and L.Gyugyi, UnderstandingFACTS
Concepts and Technology of Flexible AC Transmission Systems,
IEEE Press, New York, 2000
[8] R.M.Mathur and R.K.Varma, Thyristor based FACTS Controllers
for Electrical Transmission Systems, IEEE Press, Piscataway 2002.
[9] A. Edris, “FACTS Technology Development: AnUpdate”,
IEEE Power Engineering Review, March 2000.
[10] John.J.Paserba, “How FACTS Controllers Benefit AC
Transmission Systems”, IEEE Power Engineering Review 2003.
[11] B.T.Ooi, “Assessment and Control of the Impact of FACTS
Devices on Power System Performance”, IEEE Transactions on
Power Systems, Vol. 11, No. 4, Nov. 1996.
[12] J.Chen, T.T.Lie, “Enhancement of Power System Damping
Using VSC based Series Connected FACTS Controllers”, IEE
Proceedings, Generation Transmission Distribution, Vol. 150. No.
3, May-2003.
[13] Brian.K.Johnson, “How FACTS Controllers Function In an AC
Transmission System”, IEEE Power Engineering Review 2003

© 2021, JOIREM |www.joirem.com| Page 4