Role d statstics

Sfatis ics is he sac

to helf us
se dolata
Some pongfh are suficious
conclais baced on stasial analyoes . heme
sually speaking cetiy noa hct chara bvee he dkepties,
dccpint
iscpine
valor
sobateny
then fo
ying - one hing vcod for refsa
ksihire ehd. Howery, we bebie
melheds, iside
wed iok llgenly offr oset d Het stabshea!
aycuhcl foerfl euk f
slatstica) method are
Ggvclkure social sciehc8, matural soiehs,mecliema
Qhd
SCieh Cl3, such a
Sfatsfce) engheeng he bidspead use
ahelysls in direne fucl has leol te /ncreaçed
Jtelopi hon hat stahshal Alaa cy-
ahd methedd ed setshcs -- sheld bo familon' wihgpels
vell oundlod ecluca Bmcd
biogrem
The filel skhihee beaches uw hes to make atellgent
j udpen en and inomecl cleeisins in the pres erci
ahd vanabon

ate ahd cone lsns based on eta apßar vefu le ly in

a vaiely sellgs: mewsfep, teloi'sm ahd ydtio
Gcver hsenenk, mapa mes, ahd fefsonel A6a bos.
In busnss, inclisy, ahd
dkeh data de viseh.. stahsheel methed used ofnboiatey,
alle) us to dras pha kle Conclausi ns based dato
Oner Oa de ta hae beoh colleckd
soce Sourc has bee iderhifed, u
next ste is dala anelyss focess bsue
 Tebks, abhs ahd Nanencat sabnmaoes allo
inOreOecd bcer shahing and biowcle an
to present data "
dete makk up
methods f orgowizing and sammaizlg
the erench
Braheh slaistho albd
lescibie slehs hes"
Afkr he data hane beeh suemohzd we cflen wish to drao
Conclusions Ar ake decisioy boced on dala. hus

Or ohecs hat we hove studieol to a much larger grof.

he secomd mejór byanch slahshs, nfrehhal stahshs
nvolres
which t wes selerkol, wheh we
twe Yen the
Te7sk
Ysk ah i Comeet conclujn, becave a

formabn.techgus ivoles
feestel quonhfgng he chano hincoyec)
The enthe ollerben dindiiclual or objet about ahich iebiaboc
opuation sekekd fer stuy bresco bed mabn
sn
Jese nbhire oned Zo frenh' al siahshcs:
iscludes
Sescnphie statishcs is th branch dstats hes ha!
method for srg nijn 9 ahd sabon 9hzing dale Dfere nhil
stadshcs tho branhl stehshes hat oyolres
ge hera lzabn
 Arerpe er easures f Cenhal teneney
Arith me he ean:
(a) I1 , s, Y,
defi'neol by
Ben

"his is led direod ne thod

Er: Find th meeh 2o, 22, 2r 0, 30
S

20422425t20130 = s s
meeh
Ex: Fnd tte
|rlmbes 20

Frefueny lot20 0= 320

Selb. TfX= xst oX9 t/sXO 26x4 = Vo
2f= stOtY- 25
8.

(b) Shotcut me hocd he djah'an cl vabce

assuyeel yea b
let a be the ther
Cx: Fnd thohe anthmete mean feo fhafeloa dishibebn:
|Clas 6 lo 3o|B6-4o 4o so
lor2o l26

Frequeny 2o lo S

Closs clas rak

6-lo
lo-20
Fsequeg -20
|S
8 - lo
25
20
30 -40 36
lo
20

Std-20

Sleß doviahs Methol: hen

Gssumeo/ neas, the elaus lengt
Let a be the

AM -

levia be methot.
l6-20 30-40
Clas
Fregueny 20

Class clas -piatk FreqresyD= fo.

(4 AM=
6 -lo
lo-20
20-30 = 2 S + x(6
35
2

Tode
lellan:
Melieh Cethal iter
they aye arangeo ia ascocfo desencingob
when
Loheh
(a) ohen the to lal menbor fho itens is ott and equlh say"
then

eeh, seyn hen there

(B) Uheh tedk mam ber e fequch ces lues
Qre chcl so ho yeeh -ho va
h ahd (2)A ik ms is the meian
Mellan
when is eren

tho mpelas clas

Uhere
i i h u class kngh,
Beg4escy he class
Hho cubim aleie
frecectrg

Sol: ols mum ber o idtbrs

The i l k ley
Gn meleh
Hese okl nun ber
th em
(
Oote in 4sce hcbhg orlh . 2,2 7(u2X 49, s47
 SeNoe days
ake(esshn) 224
20 25

653 6SS
S82

Sh: The dhsbiba

hsbiba ho oill dost be cmvered
gireh cunu late feyuehcy
as lor.

Cas-bne Qub loive foguecy

29 29= 2 9
frequeny
(224 =C| 224-24 -195
Y65
S2
Sel-465))
20- 2s 634 634-692 = S2
6y4-634 = l0
3e -3S 6s0-6YY =6
(s3-6o= 3
J6ss = 6SS-653 = 2

Here
= 327S

Hene las meclan clen class ha'ng ct just more fha

te g27:5 -[|o-5lclos
Median

=lo

slanol f
Cy stehod the cub4 latire keg
just frecaebrg th oellan Flait.
fo stancl fu th fegueny dfhe re clan clos
Made:
Moole s cefrcd to be he sze fho vaabe
dishi bu t

where
ts is
2f-ttf.
o (ower Crit
i ’ s th clos length
f 8 heghency mol clot.
and suceot'ng to moadal chs resfochiey
The must be fakes ae while celuatng
valres(or eleses va las) f ho vawabe must be n
I- The
ascehcl9 ordes
claves an finding
landi'
he oro dlel class re o be ekes fo
ega h.
3 - The clases must be

Sor mo te heh S hmes,

Empeical fomto:
date

(-(2 |2-19 lo24 36-42

Ape 0 |2
2S 35
Frequeny
Selb

Age Fegueey Cubala he feguehey

l7
(-|2
42.
l2- 18
77
3S

29-30
l67
30 - 36
(73
36- 42

ikem i's 35,

Here akmem
Henca
frguaney fay
nodel clas t's I8-24.
Mocle = f- 3S
fy: 25
35 2S
2x3s 2- 18

8+ 6 222 = 2o22
27

Here
datu orcly 8, 20443 3) 4e, v2
hfem
pedic

feri

2433= 205
 meah eviaho:
Averag Deiahin or PMoah
IS he meeh
set o umbes ben theiy adhnek i mean

Xn be a cel o htum bes oilh hequehtie

f, f fs be ho ithme
th mem bes lye, theh
Mean eiaty

deiatcn
disb'beim.
closs : O-6 (2-/8 18-24
S
lo

Solh
Clos
Frequgheg -|2
fd
-96
ta-14)

62 lo -o
|2-)8 So

|2
18- 24 6
)2 s 63
6o 13 6S
To fal f-44 3fd= -y2

Mean
f|a,-| = 278 =63
lean devahn
 Sbhdar eriahn or Vaiaba: (0)
Shndr deriaten ásà defonad as fhe sguare tst .
beah

fn-E)

S
(
Conlrieut anak-,
Ex Celealele t dali.

Size rti Jo

Frequeny 3 6 13 Lo 4
ass um ed meCh = 9=4
Size dtetr Frequene9 d=x4= X-9|

3 -3

7 2
-|2

-9
(3

L 20
2
4 |2 36
I2
Zfd-o
-24
Mean
S. (24
 Ex: Fem the
Slenderd doiah an stadene.
6o 62 62-65 69-7) 72-7Y

Aesubm ecd meom q 6

No.c
Shucleub 4.d
d= 67
66-f2 -30
36 |80
63-¢S 64 -3 o
-sy 9 l62
66-8 |67
69-7/ 70
9
73
72-74 36

St-lo0

9.73- 202
/) (
-/8.s22
Ja.s275 920 2