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UAM1 Task 2 Microbiology Lab

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UAM1 Task 2 Microbiology Lab

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issackeithjt
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Microbiology with Lab: A Fundamental Approach - D311

Instructor: Clement Omidiwura

UAM1 — UAM1 Task 2: Microbiology Lab

Lanno Curiel

8/29/2024
A. Identification of Unknown Organism

Using a battery of laboratory procedures, the goal of this lab was to identify an

unidentified bacterial bacterium. The lab manual instructions for Group 1 (A-F) state that

Unknown 1 was the unknown organism chosen for this inquiry. Gram staining was the first step

in the identification process. Two more tests were then selected based on the decision tree given

in the lab manual. The purpose of these experiments was to precisely identify the unidentified

bacteria and methodically reduce the pool of potential organisms (Western Governors University,

n.d.).

B. First Identification Test: Gram Stain

The Gram stain test, which is essential for figuring out the gram reaction and shape of

bacterial cells, was used to start the identification procedure. According to the Gram stain results,

the organism is gram-positive because the cells looked purple. The rod-shaped cells further

supported the bacillus morphology. The organism was classified as gram-positive due to the

purple hue of the cells, which indicated that the bacteria had maintained the crystal violet stain

used in the Gram staining procedure. This outcome paved the way for further research by

offering a fundamental comprehension of the organism's traits (Cappuccino & Sherman, 2017).

C. Second Identification Test: Catalase Test

The Catalase test was chosen as the next stage in the identification process after the Gram

stain. The reason this test was selected is that it works well to distinguish between gram-positive

bacteria by looking for the catalase enzyme, which converts hydrogen peroxide to oxygen and

water. A tiny sample of the unidentified organism was put on a glass slide, and a few drops of

hydrogen peroxide (H2O₂) were added as part of the technique. The organism's production of
catalase enzyme was confirmed by the appearance of bubbles on the slide, indicating a favorable

outcome. This finding significantly limited the potential identities of the unidentified bacterium

and revealed that the organism is capable of detoxifying hydrogen peroxide, a consequence of

aerobic respiration (Tille, 2021).

D. Third Identification Test: Coagulase Test

The Coagulase test was used as the third test in order to further verify the organism's

identification. Because Staphylococcus aureus is coagulase-positive, this test is especially helpful

in separating it from other Staphylococcus species. In order to see if there would be any reaction,

the organism had to be injected into a tube filled with plasma and then allowed to incubate. The

presence of clumps in the plasma and a positive coagulase test result clearly implied that

Staphylococcus aureus was the unknown pathogen. The identification of the unknown organism

as Staphylococcus aureus, a gram-positive, catalase-positive, coagulase-positive bacterium, was

made possible by the positive results of the Catalase and Coagulase tests as well as the initial

Gram stain (Western Governors University, n.d.).

E. Identification of the Unknown Organism

The identity of the unknown organism #1 was determined to be Staphylococcus aureus

based on the findings of the Gram stain, Catalase test, and Coagulase test. This identification was

strongly supported by the fact that it was gram-positive, catalase-positive, and coagulase-

positive.

F. Kirby-Bauer Diffusion Test

The most efficient antibiotic for treating a Staphylococcus aureus infection was found using the

Kirby-Bauer diffusion test. The zones of inhibition—areas where bacteria did not grow—around
each antibiotic-impregnated disc were measured in this experiment after the discs were placed on

an agar plate that had been injected with the organism. Large zones of inhibition demonstrated

the organism's susceptibility to antibiotics like ciprofloxacin and vancomycin, according to the

data. In contrast, the bacterium was resistant to Penicillin, as evidenced by little or no inhibition.

Based on these findings, vancomycin was shown to be the most effective antibiotic for treating a

Staphylococcus aureus infection since it showed the highest level of efficacy in preventing

bacterial growth (Tille, 2021).


G. References

Western Governors University. (n.d.). Task 2 Unknown Lab Manual #1. Microbiology with Lab:

A Fundamental Approach.

Cappuccino, J. G., & Sherman, N. (2017). Microbiology: A Laboratory Manual (11th ed.).

Pearson.

Tille, P. M. (2021). Bailey & Scott's Diagnostic Microbiology (15th ed.). Elsevier.

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