Total No. of Questions : 8] SEAT No.

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PB3778 [6262]-36
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T.E. (Computer Engineering)

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THEORY OF COMPUTATION

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(2019 Pattern) (Semester-I) (310242)

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Time : 2½ Hours] [Max. Marks : 70

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Instructions to the candidates:
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1) Answer Q.1 or Q.2, Q.3 or Q.4, Q.5 or Q.6, Q.7 or Q.8.
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2) Neat diagrams must be drawn wherever necessary.
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3) Figures to the right indicates full marks.

4) Assume suitable data, if necessary.
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Q1) a) What is context free Grammar? Define CFG. What are the capabilities of
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CFG? [8]
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Give a context Free Grammar for the following language
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L = { w  a, b * | w is a palindrome of odd length}.
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b) i) What is Derivation in CFG?

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ii) What is relation of parse tree for derivation in CFG?

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iii) What is leftmost derivation and Rightmost derivation?

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iv) Explain leftmost derivation and Rightmost derivation with parse

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tree. Derive the string a-b+c using leftmost derivation and Rightmost
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derivation for the CFG having production rule.

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G = {S = S + S
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S = S -S
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S=a|b|c
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} [10]
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OR
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Q2) a) When do we say that CFG is in Greibach Normal Form (GNF)? Explain

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the steps to convert CFG to GNF for following Grammars [12]

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G1 = {S  aAB | aB, A  aA | a, B  bB | b}

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G2 = {S  aAB | aB, A  aA | , B  bB | }

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G3 = {S  XB | AA

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A  a | SA

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Xa}
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b) i) What is ambiguity in CFG? What is relation of parse tree for finding

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ambiguity in CFG.
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ii) What is leftmost derivation and Rightmost derivation?

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iii) Explain leftmost derivation and Rightmost derivation and ambiguity

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for the CFG having production rule.

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G = { S = aSb | SS
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S = }
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[6]
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Q3) a) What is pushdown automata? Define PDA pictorially and mathematically

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with respect to input tape, stack, finite control and Instanteous

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description.

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Design a PDA for accepting a language {anb2n|n>=1}

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b) Construct a context free grammar which accepts N (A), where [10]
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A = ({q0, q1}, {0, 1}, {Z0, Z}, ,q0, Z0, where  is given by
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qq
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q q
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qq
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qq
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qq
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qq
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Q4) a) Design a PDA for accepting a language {0n1m0n | m, n>=1}. [6]

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b) Draw a PDA for the CFG given below: [6]

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S  aSb

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Sa|b|

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And simulate PDA to recognize “aaabb”.
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c) Design a push down automation to recognize the language generated by
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the following [6]

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grammar :

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SS+S|S*S|4|2

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Show the acceptance of the input string 2 + 2*4 by this PDA.

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Q5) a) Elaborate the following terms with proper examples [4]

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i) Universal Turing Machine (UTM)

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ii) Recursively Enumerable Languages
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b) Design a TM that multiplies two unary numbers over  = {1}. Write
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simulation for the string 11*111. [7]

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c) Construct a TM for the language L = {0n1n2n} where n [6]

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OR
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Q6) a) Construct a TM for substraction of two unary numbers f(a-b) = c where

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a is always greater than b. [5]

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b) What is undecidability? How do we prove universal language is

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undecidable? What is the relation between undecidability and reducibility

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theory. [12]
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Q7) a) What do you mean by polynomial time reduction? Explain with an example

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of SAT. [7]

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b) Explain the following terms with respect to computations complexity

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with example. [10]

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i) Solvable Vs Unsolvable problem

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ii) Decidable Vs. Undecidable problem

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iii) P Vs NP problem
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Q8) a) Explain in brief the term “recursively enumerable”. [6]

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b) Explain examples of problems in NP. [6]

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c) Differentiate between P class and NP class. [5]

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