Grade

1
Subtraction 1

Topics Include:
“Taking away”
Counting down to subtract
How many more?
Two parts, one total
Fact families

by Maria Miller
www.k5learning.com
Subtraction 1
Grade 1 Workbook

AUTHOR: Maria Miller

Distributed by K5 Learning

Copyright 2006-2016 Maria Miller

EDITION 10/2016

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in
writing from the author.

Copying permission: Permission IS granted to reproduce this material to be used with one (1) teacher's
students by virtue of the purchase of this book. In other words, one (1) teacher MAY make copies of
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http://www.MathMammoth.com/contact.php

____________________________________________

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About the Author

Maria Miller is a math teacher turned housewife and homeschooler. She has a master’s degree
in mathematics with minors in physics and statistics and has been developing math educational
materials since the early 2000s. Maria is the founder of the MathMammoth website.

About K5 Learning

K5 Learning offers an online reading and math program for children in kindergarten through
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© Maria Miller k5learning.com

 Contents

Introduction ........................................................................... 4

Games .................................................................................... 5
Helpful Resources on the Internet ...................................... 6
Subtraction Is “Taking Away” ........................................... 8
Count Down to Subtract ...................................................... 11
Subtraction and Addition in The Same Picture ................ 15
When Can You Subtract? ................................................... 19
Two Subtractions from One Addition ............................... 23
Two Parts - One Total ........................................................ 26
Fact Families ........................................................................ 29
How Many More? ................................................................ 33
“How Many More” Problems and Differences .................. 36
“How Many More” Problems and Subtraction ................. 40
Subtracting More Than One Number ................................ 44
Review ................................................................................... 46

Addition and Subtraction Facts with 4 and 5 ................... 47

Addition and Subtraction Facts with 6 .............................. 49
Addition and Subtraction Facts with 7 ............................. 52
Addition and Subtraction Facts with 8 ............................. 54
Addition and Subtraction Facts with 9 ............................. 58
Addition and Subtraction Facts with 10 ........................... 61
Review - Facts with 6, 7, and 8 ........................................... 65
Review - Facts with 9 and 10 .............................................. 67

Answers ................................................................................ 70

© Maria Miller 3 k5learning.com

 Introduction
Math Mammoth Subtraction 1 deals with various concepts related to basic subtraction, and with basic addition and
subtraction facts within 0-10. Most of the problems in the book only use numbers up to 10, but a few include
numbers between 10 and 20.
The concept of subtraction is easy to illustrate with the idea of “taking away”. If the student does not yet know the
word “minus”, it is a good idea to introduce it first orally. Simply use blocks, rocks, or other concrete objects. For
example, show the child eight blocks, and take away three blocks. Then use both kinds of wordings: “Eight blocks,
take away three blocks, leaves five blocks” and “eight blocks minus three blocks equals five blocks.”
Play with the blocks or other concrete objects until the child can use the words “minus” and “equals” in his or her
own speech. This will make it much easier to introduce the actual written symbols.
The next step would be to abandon concrete objects and use semi-concrete illustrations or pictures. That is where
this book starts with the lesson Subtraction Is “Taking Away”. At this stage, the child can still figure out the
subtraction problems by simply counting how many objects are left.
So how does the student learn how to subtract without actually counting concrete objects or pictures? As a
transitional strategy, we will study counting down: the student solves 9 − 3, for example, by counting down three
steps from nine: eight, seven, six. So the answer is six.
However, the final goal is to learn to use the addition facts to find the answers to subtraction problems. For
example, once students know that 5 + 5 = 10, then they can use that fact to solve 10 − 5 = 5. For this purpose,
students must learn the connection between addition and subtraction well. This is why this book concentrates
heavily on the connection between addition and subtraction with several lessons, finishing up with the concept of
fact families.
Besides “taking away”, subtraction is also used for these two situations:

z Finding how much more one number is than another. Note that no one “takes away” anything in this
situation. For example, if you have 3 dollars and you need 6 dollars, how many more dollars do you need? In
this case, the student is instructed to write a “how many more” addition problem: 3 + ___ = 6. We also call
these problems “missing addend” problems. It can be solved either by the addition fact 3 + 3 = 6 or by
subtracting 6 − 3 = 3.
z Two (or more) parts (of something) make up a whole. If you know the whole and one of its parts, you can
figure out the other part. For example, if there are 10 flowers, of which some are red and others are white,
and seven of them are white, then how many are red? We know the “parts” (the red and white flowers) add
up to 10, so we write an addition 7 + __ = 10. This can be solved by subtracting or simply by knowing the
addition fact 7 + 3 = 10.
These two situations are dealt with in several lessons in the book and are found in various word problems
throughout the book.
In the latter part of the book, we encounter several lessons entitled Addition and Subtraction Facts with... They aim
to help the child to memorize the basic addition and subtraction facts. We are approaching it from the concept of
fact families. These lessons have a lot of practice problems. Use your judgment as to whether the student will need
to do all of the problems. If he or she masters the facts quickly, you can skip some of them.
Besides the written problems, I encourage you to use the following games. Children like to play, and using the
addition and subtraction facts in a game gives them fun and education in the same “package”.
I hope you find this book helpful in teaching math!

Maria Miller, the author

© Maria Miller 4 k5learning.com

Games
10 Out (or 5 Out or 6 Out etc.)
You need: Lots of number cards with numbers 1-10. (Regular playing cards with the face cards removed will
work.)
Rules: Deal seven cards to each player. Place the rest face down in a pile in the middle of the table. At the
beginning of her turn, a player may optionally take the top card from the pile. Then the player may optionally ask
the player on her right for one card (like in “Go Fish”: “Do you have a seven?”), and the player on the right must
give it to her if he has it. Then the player whose turn it is may discard either: (a) a single “10” card by itself or
(b) any two cards in her hand that add up to 10.

The winner is the player who first discards all cards from his hand.
Variations:
* Deal more than seven cards.
* Deal fewer cards if there are a lot of players or the players are very young.
* Also allow players to discard a set of three cards that add up to 10.
* Instead of 10, players discard cards that add up to 9, 8, 11, or some other number.
* Use the face cards Jack, Queen and King for 11, 12, and 13.

Some Went Hiding

You need: The same number of small objects as the sum you are studying. For example, to study the sums with
5, you need 5 objects (marbles, blocks, or something else).
Rules: Rules: The first player shows the objects, then quickly hides SOME behind her back without showing
how many. Then she shows the remaining objects to the next player to her right, who has to say how many “went
hiding.” If that player gives the right answer, then it becomes his turn to hide some and ask the next player to
answer. If he gives the wrong answer, then he misses his turn, and the next player shows and hides the objects.
This game appeals best to younger students.
Variation:
* Instead of getting a turn to hide objects, the player who answers correctly may gain points or other rewards for
the right answer.

Subtraction Challenge
You need: A standard deck of playing cards from which you remove the face cards and perhaps also some of the
other higher-numbered cards, such as tens, nines, and eights. Alternatively, a set of dominoes works well for
children who do not yet know their numbers beyond 12.
Rules: At the beginning of each round, each player receives two cards face up and calculates their difference
(subtracts). The player with the highest difference gets all the cards from the other players. Once there are no
longer enough cards left in the pack to deal two cards to each player, players count their cards, and the player
with the most cards wins.
If two or more players have the same sum, then those players get an additional two cards and use those to resolve
the tie.
Variations:
* This game is easily adapted for subtraction, multiplication, and fractions.
* You can also use dominoes instead of playing cards.

© Maria Miller 5 k5learning.com

Helpful Resources on the Internet

Use these free online resources to supplement the “bookwork” as you see fit.

Kids’ Subtraction Quiz from Mr. Martini’s Classroom

A five-question quiz. Choose the maximum number used from the list of numbers below the quiz.
http://www.thegreatmartinicompany.com/Math-Quick-Quiz/subtraction-kid-quiz.html
Subtraction Harvest
Choose the correct answers for the subtraction problems to harvest the apples.
http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/mathgames/earlymath/subHarvest.htm
Subtraction Mystery Picture Game
Match the subtract problems with their answers to uncover a “mystery picture”.
http://www.dositey.com/2008/addsub/Mystery4.htm
Subtraction Pinball
When the ball hits numbers, it defines a problem. Next you choose the correct answer.
http://www.playkidsgames.com/games/pinball/subtraction/defaultk1.htm
Save the Apples!
Click on the correct basket to get the monkey to carry the apple basket. A crocodile is waiting!
http://www.playkidsgames.com/games/apples/savetheApples.htm
Busy Bees
Figure out how many of the 10 bees went inside the hive.
http://www.hbschool.com/activity/busy_bees/index.html

Soccer Subtraction
Click to make the players disappear until the subtraction sentence is true.
http://www.ictgames.com/soccer_subtraction.html

Pearl Search
Click on the clam that contains the correct answer to the subtraction problem, and collect a pearl for each
correct answer. The sooner you get the pearls, the higher your score!
http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/mathgames/popup/popup_subtraction.htm

Fruit Shoot Number Line Subtraction

Click on the subtraction sentence on the fruit that matches the number line. Choose level 3 for this game.
http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/mathgames/earlymath/FS_NumberLine_minus.htm

Mathemorphosis Subtraction Game

Solve simple subtraction problems to help the caterpillar transform into a butterfly.
http://mrnussbaum.com/mathemorphosis-2/

Subtraction game – Bowling

Answer subtraction problems until all of the pins have been knocked down.
http://www.abc.net.au/countusin/games/game8.htm

© Maria Miller 6 k5learning.com

Simple Subtraction
Help Duck Von Fly get to his destination more quickly by clicking on the cloud with the correct answer.
http://www.toonuniversity.com/flash.asp?err=513&engine=12

Word Problems – Add and Subtract within 10

Solve simple word problems by clicking on the correct answer.
http://www.abcya.com/kindergarten_word_problems_add_subtract.htm

Block Buster
Click on blocks with numbers that form fact families. The blocks must be touching each other.
http://www.roomrecess.com/pages/BlockBuster.html

Basic Fact Families

Find the missing equation in each fact family.
http://mrnussbaum.com/12grade1/

Space Shuttle Launch

Before playing, choose which operation to practice, and the level of difficulty. Answer the questions
correctly, and the space shuttle will be launched successfully.
http://www.playkidsgames.com/games/shuttleLaunch/default.htm

Balancing Calculations
Answer as many questions as you can in this timed online quiz.
http://www.snappymaths.com/mixed/addsubrelate/interactive/addsubbalancew10/addsubbalancew10.htm

Tux Math
A versatile free software for math facts with many options. Includes all operations.
http://sourceforge.net/projects/tuxmath

© Maria Miller 7 k5learning.com

 Subtraction is “Taking Away”

From five bananas we take away three. There are two left.

5 – 3 = 2
Five minus three equals two

From six carrots we take away one. There are five left.

6 – 1 = 5
Six minus one equals five

1. Cross out objects. How many are left? Read each subtraction sentence aloud using
the words “minus” and “equals”.

10 in total. Cross out 4. 6 in total. Cross out 6. 8 in total. Cross out 2.

How many are left? How many are left? How many are left?

a. 10 – 4 = ______ b. 6 – 6 = ______ c. 8 – 2 = ______

8 in total, cross out 7. 8 in total, cross out 6. 7 in total, cross out 3.

d. 8 – 7 = ______ e. 8 – 6 = ______ f. 7 – 3 = ______

© Maria Miller 8 k5learning.com

 9 in total, cross out 3. 6 in total, cross out 2. 10 in total, cross out 7.

g. 9 – 3 = ______ h. 6 – 2 = ______ i. 10 – 7 = ______

Cross out 5. Cross out 4. Cross out 5.

j. 9 – 5 = ______ k. 8 – 4 = ______ l. 10 – 5 = ______

m. 6 – 3 = ______ n. 6 – 5 = ______ o. 5 – 5 = ______

2. Subtract. Cover the crossed-out objects with your finger to see how many are left.
Read each sentence using the words “minus” and “equals”.

a. 5 – 1 = ______ b. 6 – 3 = ______ c. 5 – 3 = ______

d. 4 – 1 = ______ e. 5 – 2 = ______ f. 6 – 2 = ______

g. 9 – 3 = ______ h. 7 – 1 = ______ i. 7 – 2 = ______

j. 8 – 2 = ______ k. 7 – 3 = ______ l. 8 – 4 = ______

© Maria Miller 9 k5learning.com

3. Draw small circles to illustrate the numbers and cross out some of them to match
the subtraction problem.

a. 8 – 3 = ______ b. 5 – 1 = ______ c. 10 – 7 = ______

d. 7 – 2 = ______ e. 10 – 1 = ______ f. 9 – 7 = ______

g. 6 – 3 = ______ h. 7 – 3 = ______ i. 10 – 4 = ______

j. 9 – 5 = ______ k. 10 – 6 = ______ l. 6 – 4 = ______

4. Write a subtraction sentence to match the picture.

a. _____ – _____ = ______ b. _____ – _____ = ______

c. _____ – _____ = ______ d. _____ – _____ = ______

e. _____ – _____ = ______ f. _____ – _____ = ______

© Maria Miller 10 k5learning.com

 Count Down to Subtract

Count 4 steps backwards from 7. You end up at 3.

7 – 4 = 3
“Seven” “Six, five, four, three.”
Start. Count down FOUR steps.

You can also use a single arrow:

1. Draw steps (or a single arrow) to illustrate the subtraction sentence.

a. 7 – 2 = _______

b. 8 – 4 = _______

c. 6 – 5 = _______

d. 9 – 3 = _______

e. 10 – 3 = _______

© Maria Miller 11 k5learning.com

2. Write the subtraction sentence that the arrows illustrate.

a. ______ – ______ = 2

b. ______ – ______ = 3

c. ______ – ______ = 2

d. ______ – ______ = 5

3. Draw an arrow for the subtraction sentence and solve.

a. 10 – 5 = _______

b. 7 – 6 = _______

c. 4 – 4 = _______

d. 8 – 4 = _______

e. 10 – 1 = _______

f. 7 – 5 = _______

© Maria Miller 12 k5learning.com

4. Write the previous and the next numbers.

a. ______, 5 , ______ b. ______, 2 , ______ c. ______, 8 , ______

d. ______, 6 , ______ e. ______, 4 , ______ f. ______, 9 , ______

5. Write the two previous numbers.

a. ______, ______, 7 b. ______, ______, 4 c. ______, ______, 10

d. ______, ______, 6 e. ______, ______, 2 f. ______, ______, 8

To subtract without any pictures or objects, you can count down in your head.
Count down as many steps as what you need to take away or subtract.

8 – 3 =5 10 – 2 =8
“Eight” “Seven, six, five.” “Ten” “Nine, eight.”
Start. Count down THREE steps. Start. Count down TWO steps.

6. Subtract one. The answer is just the previous number!

a. b. c. d.

6 – 1 = ______ 5 – 1 = ______ 9 – 1 = ______ 4 – 1 = _____

8 – 1 = ______ 7 – 1 = ______ 3 – 1 = ______ 10 – 1 = _____

7. Subtract 2 or 3. You can count down. Compare the problems.

a. b. c. d.

6 – 2 = _____ 9 – 2 = _____ 7 – 2 = _____ 10 – 2 = _____

6 – 3 = _____ 9 – 3 = _____ 7 – 3 = _____ 10 – 3 = _____

© Maria Miller 13 k5learning.com

8. Solve the word problems. Write a subtraction sentence for each.

a. There were 7 birds in a tree. b. Mom has 10 silver plates in

Three flew away. How many are left? the cupboard. She took out four.
How many are still in the cupboard?

c. All 9 girls in the class were jumping d. Josh took five of his 10 toy cars to
rope. Then four of them left. a friend’s house. How many cars
How many kept on jumping? did he leave at home?

e. Of her eight puzzles, Fanny put three f. Tina had 6 bunches of flowers.
in the closet. How many were left She sold six of them.
to play with? How many were left?

9. Do these problems if you know the numbers past 10. The number line will help.

a. 14 – 2 = _______ b. 16 – 1 = _______ c. 11 – 3 = _______

14 – 4 = _______ 16 – 3 = _______ 11 – 4 = _______

d. 17 – 2 = _______ e. 12 – 1 = _______ f. 13 – 2 = _______

17 – 3 = _______ 12 – 2 = _______ 13 – 3 = _______

© Maria Miller 14 k5learning.com

 Subtraction and Addition in the Same Picture
How many colored circles?
How many white ones?

4 + 6 = 10 3 + 4 =7

Cover the colored circles. Cover the colored circles.

Write a subtraction sentence.

10 – 4 = 6 7– 3 = 4

1. Make an addition sentence and a subtraction sentence from the same picture.

a. b.

______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

7 – ______ = ______ 6 – ______ = ______

c. d.

______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

5 – ______ = ______ 6 – ______ = ______

e. f.

______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

8 – ______ = ______ 6 – ______ = ______

© Maria Miller 15 k5learning.com

2. Make an addition sentence and a subtraction sentence for the same picture.

b.
a.

______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

______ – ______ = ______ ______ – ______ = ______

c. d.

______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

______ – ______ = ______ ______ – ______ = ______

3. In each problem, draw circles and then color them to fit the addition sentence.
Then cover the COLORED circles and make a subtraction sentence.

a. 7 + 1 = ______ b. 6 + 3 = ______

______ – ______ = ______ ______ – ______ = ______

c. 2 + 3 = ______ d. 2 + 5 = ______

______ – ______ = ______ ______ – ______ = ______

e. 7 + 4 = ______ f. 3 + 3 = ______

______ – ______ = ______ ______ – ______ = ______

© Maria Miller 16 k5learning.com

4. Cover the colored objects, and write a subtraction sentence to fit the picture.

a. b.

______ – ______ = ______ ______ – ______ = ______

c. d.

______ – ______ = ______ ______ – ______ = ______

e. f.

______ – ______ = ______ ______ – ______ = ______

g. h.

______ – ______ = ______ ______ – ______ = ______

5. In each problem, draw some circles and color them to fit the addition sentence.
Then cover the COLORED circles and make a subtraction sentence.

a. 9 + 1 = ______ b. 7 + 2 = ______

______ – ______ = ______ ______ – ______ = ______

c. 10 + 4 = ___ d. 10 + 2 = ___
______ – ______ = ______ ______ – ______ = ______

© Maria Miller 17 k5learning.com

6. Draw circles to fit the subtraction sentence. Write an addition sentence, too.

a. 9 – 4 = ___ b. 10 – 5 = ___

______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

c. 8 – 5 = ___ d. 8 – 4 = ___

______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

e. 7 – 4 = ___ f. 9 – 8 = ___

______ + ______ = ______ ______ + ______ = ______

Subtract or add. Do not write the answers; just solve them

in your head. Then compare, and write < , > or =.

3 3–1 6+5 6 10 10 – 1

9–7 8–7 6–4 2+3 8–5 5+3

5+2 8+2 10 – 1 10 – 3 7–4 8–5

10 – 2 8–2 10 + 0 10 – 0 8–1 8+1

© Maria Miller 18 k5learning.com

 When Can You Subtract?
Sometimes we cannot really do the subtraction problem. For example:

3 – 0 = ______ 3 – 4 = ??
3 – 1 = ______ 3 – 5 = ??
3 – 2 = ______ 3 – 6 = ??
3 – 3 = ______ We cannot take away
four or five or six objects
These we can do! when there are only three!

1. Write the subtraction problems you can do when there are...

...four triangles ...six circles ...five sticks

IIIII
4 – 0 = ____ 6 – 0 = ____ ____ – ____ = ____
4 – 1 = ____ ____ – ____ = ____ ____ – ____ = ____
4 – 2 = ____ ____ – ____ = ____ ____ – ____ = ____
____ – ____ = ____ ____ – ____ = ____ ____ – ____ = ____
____ – ____ = ____ ____ – ____ = ____ ____ – ____ = ____
____ – ____ = ____ ____ – ____ = ____
____ – ____ = ____

You cannot do a subtraction problem in whole numbers (0, 1, 2, 3, ...)

when the second number is __________________ than the first number.

© Maria Miller 19 k5learning.com

2. Count down to subtract.

a. b. c. d.

7 – 1 = ______ 9 – 1 = ______ 10 – 1 = ______ 12 – 1 = ______

7 – 2 = ______ 9 – 2 = ______ 10 – 2 = ______ 12 – 2 = ______

7 – 3 = ______ 9 – 3 = ______ 10 – 3 = ______ 12 – 3 = ______

3. Continue the patterns as long as you can!

a. b. c.

7 – 0 = ____ 10 – 5 = ____ 8 – 2 = ____

7 – 1 = ____ 9 – 5 = ____ 7 – 2 = ____

7 – 2 = ____ 8 – 5 = ____ 6 – 2 = ____

7 – ____ = ____ ____ – 5 = ____ ____ – ____ = ____

____ – ____ = ____ ____ – ____ = ____ ____ – ____ = ____

____ – ____ = ____ ____ – ____ = ____ ____ – ____ = ____

____ – ____ = ____ ____ – ____ = ____ ____ – ____ = ____

____ – ____ = ____ ____ – ____ = ____ ____ – ____ = ____

____ – ____ = ____ ____ – ____ = ____ ____ – ____ = ____

© Maria Miller 20 k5learning.com

4. Find the subtractions where you can't take away that many, and cross them out.
You don't have to write the answers!
4–0 7–7 5–6 3–6 4–4 3 – 10
4–5 7–9 10 – 1 3–4 2–4 4–3

5. Are these subtractions right? Circle true or false.

a. 7–1=8 true or false d. 5–2=6 true or false

b. 9–2=7 true or false e. 10 – 8 = 1 true or false
c. 10 – 5 = 4 true or false f. 6–3=3 true or false

6. For each problem, answer these questions: Can the child buy the item? Yes or no.
If yes, how much money will she/he have left?
If not, how much more money would she/he need to buy the item?

a. Jennie has three dollars. She wants b. Jessie has $5. He wants a ball
to buy a doll that costs five dollars. that costs $2.

c. Lola has seven dollars. She wants to d. Marvin has $5. He wants a book
buy a Lego set that costs four dollars. that costs $6.

e. Jack has eight dollars. He wants to buy f. Mary has seven dollars. She wants
a construction set that costs ten dollars. a car that costs two dollars.

g. Faye has $12. She wants to h. Anthony has ten dollars. He wants
buy a game that costs $4. a game that costs fifteen dollars.

© Maria Miller 21 k5learning.com

7. Subtraction can be written this way too! Write the answer below the line.

a. 10 b. 8 c. 6 d. 8 e. 8
– 3 – 7 – 5 – 6 – 0

f. 7 g. 7 h. 6 i. 6 j. 9
– 7 – 6 – 6 – 1 – 4

k. 10 l. 4 m. 6 n. 7 o. 9
– 8 – 0 – 4 – 2 – 3

8. If the answer is four, color the box red. If the answer is five, color the box orange.
If the answer is ten, color the box yellow. And, if you can't subtract, color the box
light blue.

10 – 6 6–7 5–6 5 – 10 7–3

1–6 10 – 5 9 – 10 8–3 1–3

7–9 1–2 10 – 0 3–5 6–9

4–8 6–1 0–9 9–4 7–8

8–4 0–4 2–6 6–9 9–5

© Maria Miller 22 k5learning.com

 Two Subtractions from One Addition
From one addition fact, you can Sometimes the two subtraction
make TWO subtraction facts: facts are the same:

3+4=7 2+2=4

7–4=3 or 7–3=4 4–2=2 or 4–2=2

Take away the Take away the Take away the Take away the
carrots in the carrots in the carrots in the carrots in the
bottom row. top row. bottom row. top row.

1. Write one addition and two subtraction sentences. First subtract the things in the
bottom row then the ones in the top row.

a. 1 + 3 = 4 b. 2 + 3 = 5
4 – 3 = _____ 5 – _____ = _____

or 4 – 1 = _____ or 5 – _____ = _____

c. _____ + _____ = _____ d. _____ + _____ = _____

_____ – _____ = _____ _____ – _____ = _____

or _____ – _____ = _____ or _____ – _____ = _____

© Maria Miller 23 k5learning.com

 e. _____ + _____ = _____ f. _____ + _____ = _____

_____ – _____ = _____ _____ – _____ = _____

or _____ – _____ = _____ or _____ – _____ = _____

g. _____ + _____ = _____ h. _____ + _____ = _____

_____ – _____ = _____ _____ – _____ = _____

or _____ – _____ = _____ or _____ – _____ = _____

i. _____ + _____ = _____ j. _____ + _____ = _____

_____ – _____ = _____ _____ – _____ = _____

or _____ – _____ = _____ or _____ – _____ = _____

k. _____ + _____ = _____ l. _____ + _____ = _____

_____ – _____ = _____ _____ – _____ = _____

or _____ – _____ = _____ or _____ – _____ = _____

© Maria Miller 24 k5learning.com

2. Complete the addition fact and the subtraction facts. Draw Xs in two groups.

XXXXXX XXXX
X XXX
a. 6 + 1 = 7 b. 4 + 3 = 7
7 – 1 = 6 7 – _____ = ______
7 – 6 = 1 7 – _____ = ______

c. 7 + 1 = ______ d. 5 + 4 = ______
_____ – _____ = ______ _____ – _____ = ______
_____ – _____ = ______ _____ – _____ = ______

e. 2 + 6 = ______ f. 3 + 5 = ______
_____ – _____ = ______ _____ – _____ = ______
_____ – _____ = ______ _____ – _____ = ______

g. 1 + 8 = ______ h. 5 + 5 = ______
_____ – _____ = ______ _____ – _____ = ______
_____ – _____ = ______ _____ – _____ = ______

© Maria Miller 25 k5learning.com

 Two Parts — One Total

There are ten marbles. Some of

them are blue and seven are yellow.
How many are blue? _____ + 7 = 10
You can write an addition sentence.
You can ALSO write a subtraction 10 – 7 = _____
sentence, even though nothing Cover part of the total (the yellow marbles),
is taken away. and you will see the other part (the blue marbles).

There are five blue marbles and

some white marbles in a bag.
There is a total of nine marbles.
How many are white? _____ + _____ = _____
Draw the marbles. Write an addition
sentence AND a subtraction sentence. _____ – _____ = _____

1. Solve the word problems. Write an addition sentence AND a subtraction sentence.

a. Mother put some blue and some red flowers in a _____ + _____ = _____
vase. Jen counted five red ones and a total of ten.
How many of the flowers are blue?
_____ – _____ = _____

b. There are nine children on a team, and four of them _____ + _____ = _____
are boys. How many are girls?

_____ – _____ = _____

© Maria Miller 26 k5learning.com

 c. Jack has ten socks in his basket. Eight of them _____ + _____ = _____
are white, and the rest are black.
How many are black?
_____ – _____ = _____

d. Mary saw eight chairs on the lawn, _____ + _____ = _____

and two had blown over.
How many were still standing upright?
_____ – _____ = _____

2. For each picture, make a word problem that is solved by subtraction.

a.

b.

© Maria Miller 27 k5learning.com

3. Write an addition sentence for the pictures.

a. _____ + _____ + _____ = _____ b. _____ + _____ + _____ = _____

c. _____ + _____ + _____ = _____ d. _____ + _____ + _____ = _____

4. Draw the missing marbles to match the addition sentence.

a. 3 + 2 + _____ = 8 b. 1 + 5 + _____ = 10

5. Draw a picture to solve these problems.

a. Jane had some red, some blue, and some yellow

roses in a vase. Two of the roses were blue, and
two were red. If she had a total of ten roses,
how many of them were yellow?

b. Seven birds sat in a tree. One of

them was black, two were blue,
and the rest were brown.
How many were brown?

c. Mary has two long pencils and two medium-

sized ones. The rest of her pencils are short
If she owns nine pencils in all, how many
of her pencils are short?

© Maria Miller 28 k5learning.com

 Fact Families
Two addition facts and two subtraction 5
facts form a fact family if they use
the same three numbers. /
For example, from 5, 3, and 2
2+3=5 5–3=2
we get the fact family on the right:
3+2=5 5–2=3

1. Write the fact families that match the pictures.

a. 6 b. 8

/ /
1 + 5 = 6 _____ + _____ = _____

5 + 1 = 6 _____ + _____ = _____

6 – _____ = _____ _____ – _____ = _____

6 – _____ = _____ _____ – _____ = _____

c. 9 d. 10

/ /
_____ + _____ = _____ _____ + _____ = _____

_____ + _____ = _____ _____ + _____ = _____

_____ – _____ = _____ _____ – _____ = _____

_____ – _____ = _____ _____ – _____ = _____

© Maria Miller 29 k5learning.com

2. Draw circles and write four different fact families for which the sum is 7.

a. 7 b. 7
/ /
_____ + _____ = _____ _____ + _____ = _____
_____ + _____ = _____ _____ + _____ = _____
_____ – _____ = _____ _____ – _____ = _____
_____ – _____ = _____ _____ – _____ = _____
c. 7 d. 7
/ /
_____ + _____ = _____ _____ + _____ = _____
_____ + _____ = _____ _____ + _____ = _____
_____ – _____ = _____ _____ – _____ = _____
_____ – _____ = _____ _____ – _____ = _____

3. Ann and Joe solved some math problems that had missing (unknown) numbers.
Play math teacher. Check their work and correct any mistakes that they made.

Ann: Joe:

a. 8–4= d. –4=1

b. –4=1 e. 10 – 8 =

c. 5 – =2 f. 8 – =1

© Maria Miller 30 k5learning.com

4. Make the four facts for the given numbers.

a. Numbers: 5, 3, 2 b. Numbers: 9, 4, 5

2 + 3 = 5 4 + 5 = 9

3 + 2 = 5 _____ + _____ = 9

5 – 3 = 2 9 – 4 = _____

5 – 2 = 3 9 – _____ = _____

c. Numbers: 4, 0, 4 d. Numbers: 10, 3, 7

4 + 0 = 4 _____ + _____ = _____

_____ + _____ = _____ _____ + _____ = _____

4 – 0 = _____ _____ – _____ = _____

_____ – _____ = _____ _____ – _____ = _____

e. Numbers: 10, _______, 8 f. Numbers: 6, 0, _______

_____ + _____ = _____ _____ + _____ = _____

_____ + _____ = _____ _____ + _____ = _____

_____ – _____ = _____ _____ – _____ = _____

_____ – _____ = _____ _____ – _____ = _____

© Maria Miller 31 k5learning.com

 Sometimes the two addition facts are the same. When that happens,
the two subtraction facts will also be the same.

For example, with 8, 4, and 4, 4+4=8 8–4=4

we only get one addition fact
and one subtraction fact. (4 + 4 = 8) (8 – 4 = 4)

5. Write the fact families.

a. Numbers: 10, 5, 5 b. Numbers: 9, 1, 8

_____ + _____ = _____ _____ + _____ = _____

_____ + _____ = _____ _____ + _____ = _____

_____ – _____ = _____ _____ – _____ = _____

_____ – _____ = _____ _____ – _____ = _____

c. Numbers: 6, 3, _____ d. Numbers: 7, 1, _____

_____ + _____ = _____ _____ + _____ = _____

_____ + _____ = _____ _____ + _____ = _____

_____ – _____ = _____ _____ – _____ = _____

_____ – _____ = _____ _____ – _____ = _____

For each equation, write the number that

the , , or represents.

–4=5 5– =4 +4=5

–2=3 7– =1 +2=3

–7=1 10 – =5 + 7 = 10

© Maria Miller 32 k5learning.com

 How Many More?

Henry Henry
| | | | |
Cindy Cindy
Cindy has more marbles. Cindy has fewer marbles.
How many more? How many fewer?
Match three marbles from each box. Match two marbles from each box.
Two marbles did not get matched, so Four marbles did not get matched, so
Cindy has 2 more marbles than Henry. Cindy has 4 fewer marbles than Henry.
(Henry has 2 fewer marbles than Cindy.) (Henry has 4 more marbles than Cindy.)

1. Fill in how many more or how many fewer marbles one child has than another.

Jane Mark

Jim Mary

a. Jane has ______ more than Jim. b. Mark has ______ more than Mary.

Jim has ______ fewer than Jane. Mary has ______ fewer than Mark.

Ann Faye

Liz Sam

c. Liz has ______ more than Ann. d. Sam has ______ more than Faye.

Ann has ______ fewer than Liz. Faye has ______ fewer than Sam.

Peter Susan

Frank Bill

e. Frank has ______ more than Peter. f. Susan has ______ more than Bill.

Peter has ______ fewer than Frank. Bill has ______ fewer than Susan.

© Maria Miller 33 k5learning.com

2. Now it's your turn to draw. Draw marbles for the child that has none.

Jane Mark

Jim Mary

a. Jane has 3 more than Jim. b. Mary has 4 more than Mark.

Eric Jack

Bill Jane

c. Eric has 2 fewer than Bill. d. Jane has 5 fewer than Jack.

Bill Lucy

Greg Liz

e. Greg has 1 more than Bill. f. Lucy has 5 more than Liz.

Ed Ann

Sally Mary

g. Sally has 2 fewer than Ed. h. Ann has 4 fewer than Mary.

Sue Jill

Ben Mary

i. Ben has five more than Sue. j. Jill has five fewer than Mary.

© Maria Miller 34 k5learning.com

3. It is still your turn to draw. You can decide how many marbles the children have.

Jane Mark

Jim Mary

a. Jane has 5 more than Jim. b. Mary has 2 more than Mark.

Eric Jack

Bill Jane

c. Eric has 6 fewer than Bill. d. Jane has 7 more than Jack.

Bill Lucy

Greg Liz

e. Greg has 2 fewer than Bill. f. Lucy has 8 more than Liz.

4. Solve these problems.

a. Ed has five cards, and Jack has seven. How many more cards does
Jack have than Ed?

b. John is 8 years old and Jack is 5. How many years older is John?

c. Annie is 10 years old and Beth is 8. How many years younger is Beth?

d. Ruth had 9 dolls, and Tina had 4 dolls. How many fewer did Tina have?

© Maria Miller 35 k5learning.com

 “How Many More” Problems and Differences
How many more emails does Jane John Jane
have than John?
Draw more emails for John so that
the children have the same amount.

I drew _____ more emails.

You can write an addition for 2 + _____ = 5
a “how many more” problem.
Read: “2 and how many more makes five?”

1. Draw more. Read the addition sentences.

a. 1 + _____ = 4 b. 3 + _____ = 6 c. 3 + _____ = 7

“1 and how many more makes 4?” “3 and how many more makes 6?” “3 and how many more makes 7?”

d. 4 + _____ = 10 e. 2 + _____ = 8 f. 1 + _____ = 5

The problem _____ + 2 = 5 is also read “2 and how many more makes five?”

2. Draw more. Solve.

a. _____ + 5 = 7 b. _____ + 2 = 6 c. _____ + 1 = 8

5 and how many more makes 7? 2 and how many more makes 6? 1 and how many more makes 8?

d. _____ + 2 = 7 e. _____ + 4 = 7 f. _____ + 3 = 6

© Maria Miller 36 k5learning.com
 How many more problems are DIFFERENCE problems. The difference of two
numbers means how far the two numbers are from each other.

How far is 3 from 7? How far is 8 from 13?

How much difference is there How much difference is there
between 3 and 7? between 8 and 13?
3 and how many more make 7? 8 and how many more make 13?
3 + ______ = 7 8 + ______ = 13
The answer to all these is 4. The answer to all these is 5.

3. What is the difference between the numbers? Take steps on the number line.

a. from 6 to 10 b. from 5 to 8 c. from 7 to 11 d. from 5 to 5 e. from 1 to 10

______ steps ______ steps ______ steps ______ steps ______ steps

4. Find the difference between the numbers. “Travel” on the number line!

From 8 4 1 3 6 10 8 9
To 10 10 9 1 5 5 12 15

Difference

5. Solve the difference between the numbers. Then write an addition. Be careful.

a. from 3 to 5 b. from 1 to 5 c. from 2 to 7

______ steps ______ steps ______ steps

3 + 2 =5 1 + _____ = 5 2 + _____ = 7

© Maria Miller 37 k5learning.com

6. Solve the difference between the numbers. Then write an addition. Be careful.

a. from 6 to 9: ______ steps b. from 4 to 8: ______ steps

6 + _____ = 9 _____ + _____ = _____

c. from 8 to 9: ______ steps d. from 2 to 6: ______ steps

_____ + _____ = _____ _____ + _____ = _____

7. Who has more marbles? How many more? Write a “how many more” addition.
You can also draw.

Jill Ed

Sue Al

a. Jill has 10 and Sue has 7. b. Ed has 4 and Al has 7.

7 + _____ = 10 _____ + _____ = _____

Jill has 3 more. _______________ has _____ more.

c. Veronica has 4 and Ann has 6. d. Hannah has 9 and Michelle has 2.

_____ + _____ = _____ _____ + _____ = _____

_______________ has _____ more. _______________ has _____ more.

e. Britney has 11 and Jeanne has 10. f. Ben has 5 and Don has 10.

_____ + _____ = _____ _____ + _____ = _____

_______________ has _____ more. _______________ has _____ more.

© Maria Miller 38 k5learning.com

8. Solve the problems. Think carefully: Is it asking for the total?
OR is it asking, “How many more?”

a. There are two cassette tapes on the table, and eight on the shelf.

How many tapes are there together?

How many more tapes are on the shelf?

b. There are five birds in the apple tree, and there are five more birds over in the
oak tree. Four more flew into the oak tree.

How many birds are now in the oak tree?

How many more birds are in the oak tree than in the apple tree?

c. Brenda has 2 toy cars, Jason has 9, and Joe has 10.

How many more does Joe have than Jason?

How many more does Jason have than Brenda?

© Maria Miller 39 k5learning.com

 “How Many More” Problems and Subtraction
Nathalie needs ten safety-pins. She only has two.
How many more does she need?

+ ? = 10

2 + = 10

You can use subtraction to solve a problem that asks

“how many more”, like the problem 2 + _____ = 10. Use the Fact Family:
Simply subtract the numbers: 10 – 2 = ____. 2 + 8 = 10, 10 – 2 = 8
It gives you the answer to 2 + _____ = 10. Why?
8 + 2 = 10, 10 – 8 = 2
Because both problems are in the same fact family.

1. Fill in. The “how many more” problem has the same answer as the subtraction problem!

+ + +

a. 5 + ____ = 7 b. 3 + ____ = 8 c. 4 + ____ = 9

7 – 5 = _____ 8 – 3 = _____ 9 – 4 = _____

+ + +

d. 5 + ____ = 10 f. 5 + ____ = 8
e. 4 + ____ = 7
10 – 5 = _____ 8 – 5 = _____
7 – 4 = _____

g. 3 + _____ = 10 h. 2 + _____ = 9 i. 1 + _____ = 7

10 – 3 = _____ 9 – 2 = _____ 7 – 1 = _____

© Maria Miller 40 k5learning.com

2. Solve the subtraction problem first. (It is probably easier.) Then copy the answer to
the “how many more” problem.

a. 2 + _____ = 8 b. 1 + _____ = 9 c. ____ + 3 = 10 d. ____ + 3 = 9

8 – 2 = _____ 9 – 1 = _____ 10 – 3 = _____ 9 – 3 = _____

The “how many more” problem has the same answer as the subtraction problem!

3. Write a subtraction problem, using the same numbers, under each “how many more”
problem. Solve the subtraction problem first.

a. 1 + _____ = 7 b. 2 + _____ = 9 c. 1 + _____ = 10

_____ – ____ = ____ _____ – ____ = ____ _____ – ____ = ____

d. _____ + 3 = 8 e. _____ + 2 = 10 f. _____ + 3 = 9

_____ – ____ = ____ _____ – ____ = ____ _____ – ____ = ____

4. Solve. Think: Do you already know the total? Or is the problem asking for the total?
You can also draw a picture to help!

a. Mary ate two carrots. The rabbit ate b. Baby put three blocks in a stack, and
six carrots. What was the total another four blocks in another stack.
number of carrots eaten? How many blocks did the baby use?

d. Lisa needs 8 dollars for a stuffed

c. There were five lambs in the pen. Two
more lambs went into the pen. How hippo. She has saved 4 dollars. How
many lambs are now in the pen? many more dollars does she need?

© Maria Miller 41 k5learning.com

5. First write a “how many more” problem for each subtraction problem, using the same
numbers. Then solve the easier problem. Copy the answer to the other problem.

a. 8 – 6 = ____ b. 10 – 9 = ____ c. 9 – 7 = ____

____ + ____ = ____ ____ + ____ = ____ ____ + ____ = ____

d. 10 – 8 = ____ e. 9 – 8 = ____ f. 7 – 6 = ____

____ + ____ = ____ ____ + ____ = ____ ____ + ____ = ____

6. Solve. Think: Do you already know the total? Or is the problem asking for the total?
Write an addition or subtraction for each problem. You can also draw a picture to help!

a. Mom needs six cucumbers. She b. There were seven ducks on the pond.
already has three. How many more Three flew away. How many were left?
does she need?

c. Jane wants to buy a teddy bear for d. A book has ten pages. Jerry has read
8 dollars. She has saved 6 dollars. six pages. How many pages does he
How much more money does she need? have left to read?

7. Play math teacher again. Bill joined Ann and Joe to work some more problems.
Check their work and correct any mistakes that they made.

Ann: Joe: Bill:

a. 7– =6 c. –4=2 e. –4=5

b. 8 – =4 d. 9 – =3 f. 9– =2

© Maria Miller 42 k5learning.com

8. These are the toys that Zach and Mary have.

a. How many dolls do the children have?

b. How many teddy bears?

c. How many other toys?

Zach and Mary want to make a graph of their toys. To complete the graph, draw
one block for each toy. Draw them all the same size and lined up in a column, just
like the ones for the dolls.

d. How many more teddy bears do they have than dolls?

e. How many more teddy bears do they have than other toys?

f. How many dolls and teddy bears do the children have in all?

© Maria Miller 43 k5learning.com

 Subtracting More Than One Number

You have 7 balls. First you take away 1 ball, and then you take
away 2 more balls. You will have 4 balls left. 7 – 1 – 2 = 4.
7–1–2 =?

1. Subtract twice, taking away circles. You can cover the circles to help.

a. b. c.

8 – 2 – 3 = _____ 9 – 3 – 1 = _____ 10 – 5 – 3 = _____

8 – 5 – 2 = _____ 9 – 4 – 2 = _____ 10 – 6 – 2 = _____

8 – 1 – 3 = _____ 9 – 2 – 5 = _____ 10 – 1 – 4 = _____

2. Solve. You can draw pictures to help.

a. Mary had ten cookies. She gave two to her

brother and two to her sister.
How many does she have left?

b. Seven birds were in the tree. Three flew away.

After a while, one more flew away.
How many birds were left in the tree?

c. Eight cars were in the parking lot. Then three

cars left. After that two more cars left.
How many cars are there now?

d. Jack had $5. His mom gave him $1,

and his dad gave him $2.
How many dollars does Jack have now?

© Maria Miller 44 k5learning.com

 You can subtract two numbers one at a time: OR you can subtract their total:
8 –2– 3 8 –2– 3
\ / \ /
6 – 3 = 3 8 – 5 = 3
First take away 2. That leaves 6. Check how much you need to subtract or
Then, from 6, subtract 3. That leaves 3. take away in total. You need to subtract 2
and 3, or a total of 5. So, subtract 8 – 5 = 3.

3. Subtract by either method.

a. b. c.
7 – 2 – 3 = _____ 9 – 7 – 1 = _____ 7 – 5 – 1 = _____

9 – 2 – 6 = _____ 6 – 2 – 2 = _____ 10 – 6 – 1 = _____

4. Solve. Compare the two problems and their results.

a. b. c.

10 – 3 – 2 = _____ 7 – 3 – 3 = _____ 9 – 6 – 1 = _____

10 – 3 – 3 = _____ 7 – 4 – 3 = _____ 8 – 6 – 1 = _____

5. Match the subtraction problems to the correct pictures.

a. 8–2–2–2–2=0
b. 8– 4 –4=0

c. 6–2–2–2=0
d. 6–3–3=0

Here are some problems with four numbers!

9 – 3 – 2 – 1 = _____ 10 – 1 – 2 – 1 = _____ 8 – 4 – 1 – 2 = _____

© Maria Miller 45 k5learning.com

 Review
1. Write a fact family to match the picture.

____ + ____ = ____ ____ − ____ = ____ 9

____ + ____ = ____ ____ − ____ = ____ /

2. a. Write a subtraction that matches the addition 6 + 4 = 10. ____ − ____ = ____
b. Write a subtraction that matches the addition 5 + ____ = 9.
Solve both the addition and the matching subtraction. ____ − ____ = ____

3. a. There are 8 children playing in the yard. Two are girls.

How many are boys?

b. Kay has four marbles. Susan has two more marbles than Kay.
Draw Kay’s and Susan’s marbles.

c. Five sparrows and two robins are feeding on seeds. One more robin flies in.
How many more sparrows than robins are there now?

4. Find the missing numbers.

a. b. c. d.

3 + _____ = 4 6 – 3 = _____ 10 – 0 = _____ 8 – 2 = _____

1 + _____ = 9 8 – 5 = _____ 5 – 3 = _____ 7 – 3 = _____

3 + _____ = 10 7 – 6 = _____ 6 – 6 = _____ 10 – 1 = _____

2 + _____ = 7 10 – 8 = _____ 7 – 4 = _____ 9 – 2 = _____

© Maria Miller 46 k5learning.com

 Addition and Subtraction Facts with 4 and 5

4 + 0 = 4 4 – 4 = 0

0 + 4 = 4 4 – 0 = 4

Facts 1 + 3 = 4 4 – 3 = 1
with 4
3 + 1 = 4 4 – 1 = 3

2 + 2 = 4 4 – 2 = 2

5 + 0 = 5 5 – 5 = 0
____ + ____ = 5 5 – ____ = ____

Facts 4 + 1 = 5 5 – 4 = ____
with 5
1 + 4 = 5 5 – ____ = ____

3 + 2 = 5 5 – 3 = ____
____ + ____ = 5 5 – ____ = ____

1. Find the missing numbers.

a. b. c. d.

3 + _____ = 4 2 + _____ = 5 5 – 0 = _____ 4 – 0 = _____

1 + _____ = 4 1 + _____ = 5 5 – 4 = _____ 4 – 3 = _____

1 + _____ = 5 4 + _____ = 5 5 – 2 = _____ 5 – 1 = _____

2 + _____ = 4 3 + _____ = 5 4 – 1 = _____ 4 – 2 = _____

© Maria Miller 47 k5learning.com

2. Color the square:
5–4 2+3 4–4 1+2 4–2 1+3
z yellow if the answer is 0.
z red if the answer is 1,
z blue if the answer is 2,
2+2 3–2 5–0 0+0 5–2 1+1
z green if the answer is 3,
z purple if the answer is 4, 0+2 5–1 0+1 1+4 0–0 4–1
z orange if the answer is 5.

3. Continue the patterns until the boxes are full.

a. b. c.

17 – 0 = _____ 10 + ____ = 10 5 – 2 = _____

17 – 1 = _____ 10 + ____ = 11 6 – 2 = _____

17 – 2 = _____ 10 + ____ = 12 7 – 2 = _____

17 – ____ = _____ 10 + ____ = ____ _____ – 2 = _____

17 – ____ = _____ ____ + ____ = ____ _____ – ____ = _____

_____ – ____ = _____ ____ + ____ = ____ _____ – ____ = _____

_____ – ____ = _____ ____ + ____ = ____ _____ – ____ = _____

© Maria Miller 48 k5learning.com

 Addition and Subtraction Facts with 6
1. Complete the fact families in which the sum is six. At the top, write the three numbers
that you are using for the fact family.

6, 0, 6 _____, _____, 6 _____, _____, 6

6 + 0 = 6 5 + 1 = 6 4 + 2 = 6

____ + ____ = 6 ____ + ____ = 6 ____ + ____ = 6

6 – 6 = 0 6 – 5 = ____ 6 – 4 = ____

6 – 0 = 6 6 – ____ = ____ 6 – ____ = ____

2. Write the numbers that add up to 6. Memorize these!

_____, _____, 6
0 + _____ = 6 or ______ + 0 = 6

1 + _____ = 6 or ______ + 1 = 6

3 + 3 = 6 2 + _____ = 6 or ______ + 2 = 6
6 – 3 = ____ 3 + _____ = 6

3. Subtract.
a. 6 b. 6 c. 6 d. 6 e. 6 f. 6
–5 –4 –6 –2 –1 –3

4. Play the “6 Out” card game (see the introduction to this book).

© Maria Miller 49 k5learning.com

5. Find the missing numbers.

a. b. c. d.

4 + _____ = 6 5 + _____ = 6 _____ + 2 = 6 6 – _____ = 2

3 + _____ = 6 0 + _____ = 6 _____ + 1 = 6 6 – _____ = 5

6. For each “how many more” addition, write a subtraction using the same numbers so
that the numbers in the triangles are the same.

a. 2 + = 5 b. 1 + = 6 c. 4 + = 5

5 – 2 = _____ – _____ = _____ – _____ =

d. 3 + = 8 e. 5 + = 10 f. 2 + = 7

8 – 3 = _____ – _____ = _____ – _____ =

7. Write fact families so that the numbers in the triangles are the same.

a. 1 + = 6 b. 2 + 7 =

+ ______ = 6 ______ + ______ =

______ – = _____ – ______ = ______

______ – ______ = – ______ = ______

© Maria Miller 50 k5learning.com

8. Solve the word problems. Think:

z Are you asked for the total? (2 + 4 = ?) OR

z Are you asked how many more? (2 + ? = 4) OR
z Are you asked how many are left? (4 − 2 = ?)

a. The black cat has four kittens and the white cat has three.
How many kittens do they have in total?

How many more kittens does the black cat have than the white cat?

b. John had ten crayons but now he only has two.

How many crayons are missing?

c. Mother found ten clothespins in one container and two in another.

How many clothespins were in the two containers?

How many more clothespins were in the first container

than in the second?

d. Jill has two eggs. She needs eight eggs to make some
cakes. How many more eggs does Jill need?

Her neighbor has three eggs. If the neighbor gives Jill

the three eggs she has, how many more does Jill still
need?

© Maria Miller 51 k5learning.com

 Addition and Subtraction Facts with 7
1. Complete the fact families with 7. At the top, write the three numbers you are using.

7, 0, 7 _____, _____, 7 _____, _____, 7

7 + 0 = 7 6 + ____ = 7 5 + ____ = 7

____ + ____ = 7 ____ + ____ = 7 ____ + ____ = 7

7 – ____ = ____ 7 – ____ = ____ 7 – ____ = ____

7 – ____ = ____ ____ – ____ = ____ ____ – ____ = ____

2. Write down the numbers that add up to 7

_____, _____, 7 and memorize the addition facts!

0 + ____ = 7 or _____ + 0 = 7

4 + ____ = 7 1 + ____ = 7 or _____ + 1 = 7

____ + ____ = 7 2 + ____ = 7 or _____ + 2 = 7

7 – ____ = ____ 3 + ____ = 7 or _____ + 3 = 7
____ – ____ = ____

3. Play the “7 Out” card game (see the introduction to this book).

© Maria Miller 52 k5learning.com

4. Subtract.
a. 7 b. 7 c. 7 d. 7 e. 7 f. 7
–5 –4 –6 –2 –1 –3

5. Fill in. Then draw a line between the facts that are from the same fact family.

5 + _____ = 7 7 – _____ = 4 7 – _____ = 6

7 – 0 = _____ 6 + _____ = 7 _____ + 4 = 7

7 – 3 = _____ 7 – 2 = _____ 7 – _____ = 7

7 – _____ = 1 0 + _____ = 7 7 – _____ = 2

6. Solve.

a. Luis has 4 pencils and Jeremy has 6.

How many more pencils does Jeremy have than Luis?

How many pencils do the two boys have in total?

b. Maria found two socks in the hamper, five socks in her basket,
and one sock on the floor. How many socks did she find?

Can you figure out how to fill in the rest of this subtraction table?

– 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3
1 11 6

2 9 4 1

© Maria Miller 53 k5learning.com

 Addition and Subtraction Facts with 8
1. Complete the fact families which have the sum of eight.

8, ____, 8 _____, _____, 8 _____, _____, 8

8 + 0 = 8 7 + 1 = 8 ____ + ____ = ____

____ + ____ = 8 ____ + ____ = 8 ____ + ____ = ____

8 – ____ = ____ 8 – ____ = ____ ____ – ____ = ____

____ – ____ = ____ ____ – ____ = ____ ____ – ____ = ____

_____, _____, 8 _____, _____, 8

____ + ____ = 8 ____ + ____ = ____

____ + ____ = 8

____ – ____ = ____ ____ – ____ = ____

____ – ____ = ____

2. Play the “8 Out” card game (see the introduction to this book).

© Maria Miller 54 k5learning.com

3. Write the addition facts with 8 and memorize them!

0 + _____ = 8 or _____ + 0 = 8
1 + _____ = 8 or _____ + 1 = 8
4 + _____ = 8
2 + _____ = 8 or _____ + _____ = 8

3 + _____ = 8 or _____ + _____ = 8

4. Find the missing numbers.

a. b. c. d.

8 – 3 = _____ 5 + _____ = 8 4 + _____ = 8 8 – 7 = _____

8 – 1 = _____ 1 + _____ = 8 6 + _____ = 8 8 – 0 = _____

8 – 2 = _____ 2 + _____ = 8 7 + _____ = 8 8 – 4 = _____

First subtract 6 – 2 to get 4.

Write 4 in the shaded box 6 – 2 ? 5
below.
↓ ↓
Then compare 4 and 5.
Since four is less than five, 4 5
write “< ”.

5. First subtract. Write the answer in the shaded box below.

a. 5–2 ? 4 b. 7–4 ? 5 c. 8–1 ? 7 d. 6–3 ? 2

↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
4 5

© Maria Miller 55 k5learning.com

 First find 4 + 2 (on the left side) and 8 – 3 (on the right side).
4+2 ? 8–3

Write the answers below. Then compare. Which is

↓ ↓
greater? Six is greater. So write “>” in the box.
6 5

6. First add and subtract. Write the answer in the box below. Then compare,
and write < , > or =.

a. 5–2 ? 4–2 b. 8–1 ? 7–1 c. 8–6 ? 8–5

↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

d. 6+2 ? 7+2 e. 7–1 ? 7–2 f. 4+4 ? 7–5

↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

g. 1–1 ? 3–2 h. 3 + 10 ? 10 i. 7 ? 4+2

↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

j. 8–1 ? 4–2 k. 7–2 ? 6–1 l. 9–0 ? 7+2

↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

© Maria Miller 56 k5learning.com

7. Fill in the missing numbers. Then draw a line between the facts that are from
the same fact family.

6 + _____ = 8 8 – 4 = _____ _____ + 5 = 8

8 – 0 = _____ 8 – _____ = 3 8 – _____ = 6

8 – 3 = _____ 7 + _____ = 8 _____ + 4 = 8

_____ + 1 = 8 8 – 2 = _____ 8 – _____ = 8

4 + _____ = 8 0 + _____ = 8 8 – 1 = _____

8. Solve the word problems. Drawing can help you.

a. Jack has 10 cars, Bill has 7, and Ed has 4.

How many more cars than Ed does Bill have?

How many more cars than Ed does Jack have?

How many more cars than Bill does Jack have?

b. Mary has saved seven dollars. She would like to buy a puzzle for five
dollars and a game for three dollars.
Can she buy both things?

If she can, how much money does she have left over?

If she can’t, how much more money would she need to save?

© Maria Miller 57 k5learning.com

 Addition and Subtraction Facts with 9
1. Write the fact families where the sum is 9.

9, 0 , 9 _____, _____, 9 _____, _____, 9

9 + ____ = 9 ____ + ____ = ______ ____ + ____ = ______

____ + ____ = 9 ____ + ____ = ______ ____ + ____ = ______

9 – ____ = ______ ____ – ____ = ______ ____ – ____ = ______

____ – ____ = ______ ____ – ____ = ______ ____ – ____ = ______

_____, _____, 9 _____, _____, 9

____ + ____ = ______ ____ + ____ = ______

____ + ____ = ______ ____ + ____ = ______

____ – ____ = ______ ____ – ____ = ______

____ – ____ = ______ ____ – ____ = ______

2. Play the “9 Out” card game (see the introduction to this book).

© Maria Miller 58 k5learning.com

3. Write the addition
facts with 9 and 0 + _____ = 9 or ____ + 0 = 9
memorize them!

1 + _____ = 9 or ____ + 1 = 9

2 + _____ = 9 or ____ + ____ = 9

3 + _____ = 9 or ____ + ____ = 9

4 + _____ = 9 or ____ + ____ = 9

4. Find the missing numbers.

a. b. c. d.

9 – 5 = _____ 2 + _____ = 9 _____ + 1 = 9 9 – _____ = 1

9 – 3 = _____ 1 + _____ = 9 _____ + 3 = 9 9 – _____ = 0

9 – 6 = _____ 7 + _____ = 9 _____ + 5 = 9 9 – _____ = 2

9 – 8 = _____ 8 + _____ = 9 _____ + 7 = 9 9 – _____ = 4

5. Fill in the missing numbers. Then draw lines to connect the facts that
belong to the same fact family.

7 + _____ = 9 0 + _____ = 9 _____ + 8 = 9

9 – 3 = _____ 9 – _____ = 3 9 – _____ = 6

9 – 1 = _____ 5 + _____ = 9 _____ + 2 = 9

9 – _____ = 9 9 – 2 = _____ 9 – _____ = 4

4 + _____ = 9 9 – _____ = 1 _____ + 0 = 9

© Maria Miller 59 k5learning.com

6. First add or subtract. Do not write answers in the box—just solve them in your head!
Then compare and write < , > or = in the box.

a. 8 10 – 3 b. 9 9+3 c. 8–6 6+3

d. 6+2 8+2 e. 10 – 1 10 f. 8–4 8–5

g. 5–2 4–2 h. 8+0 8–0 i. 9–1 9+1

7. Subtract.
a. 9 b. 9 c. 9 d. 8 e. 9 f. 8
–5 –4 –6 –2 –2 –3

8. If the answer is 6 or 7, color its box blue. If the answer is 8 or 9, color its box red.
Color the rest of the boxes yellow.

9–3 4+6 9–0 4+6 8–1

2+5 9–5 4+4 4–2 5+1

9–2 3+7 10 – 2 10 + 0 7–1

4+2 7–3 6+3 3–1 3+3

6–0 1+1 8–0 3+2 10 – 4

3+4 8–3 2+7 7–6 7+0

1+6 2+8 10 – 1 2+2 7–0

© Maria Miller 60 k5learning.com

 Addition and Subtraction Facts with 10
1. Complete the fact families which have the sum of ten.

10, 0, 10 9, 1, 10 ____, ____, 10

10 + 0 = 10 9 + ____ = 10 8 + ____ = 10

____ + ____ = 10 ____ + ____ = 10 ____ + ____ = 10

10 – 0 = ____ 10 – 9 = ____ 10 – ____ = ____

10 – ____ = ____ 10 – ____ = ____ 10 – ____ = ____

____, ____, 10 ____, ____, 10 ____, ____, 10

7 + ____ = 10 ____ + ____ = ____ ____ + ____ = ____

____ + ____ = 10 ____ + ____ = ____

10 – ____ = ____ ____ – ____ = ____ ____ – ____ = ____

10 – ____ = ____ ____ – ____ = ____

2. Play the “10 Out” card game (see the introduction to this book).

© Maria Miller 61 k5learning.com

3. Write the
addition facts 0 + _____ = 10 or _____ + 0 = 10
with 10 and
memorize them!
1 + _____ = 10 or _____ + 1 = 10

2 + _____ = 10 or _____ + _____ = 10

3 + _____ = 10 or _____ + _____ = 10

4 + _____ = 10 or _____ + _____ = 10

5 + _____ = 10

4. Find the missing numbers.

a. b. c.

10 – 3 = _____ 0 + _____ = 10 10 – _____ = 7

10 – 6 = _____ 7 + _____ = 10 10 – _____ = 2

10 – 2 = _____ 9 + _____ = 10 10 – _____ = 4

5. Fill in. Then draw lines to connect the facts that are from the same fact family.

6 + _____ = 10 0 + _____ = 10 _____ + 5 = 10

10 – 5 = _____ 8 + _____ = 10 10 – _____ = 6

10 – 1 = _____ 10 – _____ = 3 _____ + 2 = 10

10 – 2 = _____ 5 + _____ = 10 10 – _____ = 7

10 – _____ = 10 10 – 4 = _____ _____ + 10 = 10

7 + _____ = 10 9 + _____ = 10 10 – 9 = _____

© Maria Miller 62 k5learning.com

6. Write an addition sentence and a subtraction sentence for these word problems.
Remember, you can always draw a picture of the situation to help you!

a. Sarah has six coins in her piggy bank. Elisa has two coins in hers.

Today Elisa found three coins on the ground.

Now who has more coins?

How many more?

b. Dad had one box of nails at home, and then he bought six more boxes of nails.
The next day he gave one box to a neighbor.

How many boxes of nails does Dad have now?

c. You have six dollars and I have three.

Can we share the cost of a meal that costs $8?

If so, is there any money left over, and how much?

If not, how much more money would we need?

7. More missing numbers!

a. 10 – = 5 b. 3 + = 10 c. 10 – = 6

10 – = 7 4 + = 10 10 – = 7

10 – = 2 1 + = 10 10 – = 9

© Maria Miller 63 k5learning.com

8. Several girls counted how many coins they had. Make a bar graph. This means you need
to draw the bars. Just draw rectangles so that they reach the given numbers.
Girl Coins

Lisa 9
Maggie 11
Lily 6
Susana 8

9. Make up two “how many more” questions about the bar graph. Ask a friend the questions.
Check your friend’s answers!

Let’s let represent one number, and represent another

number.
They’re different in each case (a, b, and c). For each case, find what the
numbers are. Just guess and check!

a. b. c.

+ = 10 + = 10 + = 10

– = 2 – = 6 – = 0

© Maria Miller 64 k5learning.com

 Review — Facts with 6, 7, and 8
1. Practice addition and subtraction facts with 6, 7, and 8.

a. b. c. d.

0 + _____ = 8 3 + _____ = 7 6 – _____ = 2 7 – _____ = 2

3 + _____ = 8 5 + _____ = 7 6 – _____ = 5 8 – _____ = 3

2 + _____ = 8 1 + _____ = 7 6 – _____ = 3 6 – _____ = 1

6 + _____ = 8 6 + _____ = 7 6 – _____ = 4 8 – _____ = 4

5 + _____ = 8 2 + _____ = 7 6 – _____ = 1 7 – _____ = 4

2. First add and subtract. Write the answers below. Then compare,
and write < , > or =.

a. 8–2 ? 7–3 b. 10 – 7 ? 9–6 c. 7–6 ? 4–2

↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

d. 4+2 9–8 e. 10 – 4 7–4 f. 3+4 7–1

3. Solve.

a. Luisa and Caleb were playing a game. Luisa had 9 game pieces and Caleb had 4.
How many more game pieces did Luisa have than Caleb?

b. Luisa gave one game piece to Caleb. Now who has more game pieces?

How many more?

© Maria Miller 65 k5learning.com

4. Complete. Then draw lines to connect the facts from the same fact family.

_____ – 5 = 1 7 – 5 = _____ 8 – 3 = _____

2 + _____ = 7 _____ + 2 = 6 5 + _____ = 7

8 – _____ = 3 6 – 1 = _____ 1 + 5 = _____

_____ + 2 = 8 5 + _____ = 8 8 – 6 = _____

6 – 4 = _____ 8 – _____ = 6 2 + 4 = _____

5. Complete. Then draw a line to connect the facts from the same fact family.

3 + _____ = 7 _____ + 6 = 7 8 – _____ = 7

6 – _____ = 3 _____ – 7 = 1 1 + 6 = _____

_____ + 1 = 8 3 + 3 = _____ 3 + _____ = 6

_____ – 4 = 4 4 + _____ = 7 8 – 4 = _____

7 – 1 = _____ 8 – _____ = 4 7 – _____ = 4

+ = 8 + = 7

What numbers can go – – + –

into the squares?
All the numbers are
+ = 6 – = 4
less than 10. Guess
and check!
0 2 8 3

© Maria Miller 66 k5learning.com

 Review — Facts with 9 and 10
1. Practice addition and subtraction facts with 9 and 10.

a. b. c. d.

4 + _____ = 9 5 + _____ = 10 10 – _____ = 1 9 – _____ = 2

1 + _____ = 9 2 + _____ = 10 10 – _____ = 7 9 – _____ = 6

6 + _____ = 9 3 + _____ = 10 10 – _____ = 5 9 – _____ = 8

2 + _____ = 9 4 + _____ = 10 10 – _____ = 8 9 – _____ = 5

2. Match the addition problems to the right pictures and solve them.

a. 2 + 3 + 3 = ______

b. 3 + 2 + 2 = ______

c. 1 + 2 + 2 = ______

d. 3 + 4 + 2 = ______

e. 3 + 3 + 3 = ______

f. 2 + 2 + 2 = ______

3. Time to play teacher again! Ann, Joe, and Bill worked some math problems.
Check their work, and correct any that are wrong.

Ann: Joe: Bill:

a. 5– 0= c. 9–4= e. 7– =3

b. 10 – =6 d. 6– =2 f. – 6=2

© Maria Miller 67 k5learning.com

4. Fill in the missing numbers. Draw lines to connect the facts that belong
to the same fact family.

9 – _____ = 7 _____ + 2 = 9 9 – _____ = 5

9 – _____ = 6 8 + _____ = 9 9 – 6 = _____

9 – 1 = _____ _____ + 5 = 9 9 – _____ = 2

9 – _____ = 4 3 + _____ = 9 _____ + 8 = 9

5. a. Draw a line to connect each pair of b. Draw a line to connect each pair of
numbers that add up to 9. numbers that add up to 10.
Which number is left by itself? Which number is left by itself?

0 7 2 3 7 10
2 8 5 2 8 9
1 6 1 6
9 4 3 4 9 4 0 2
5 5
1 3 8 1 3 8
7 6 9 7 6 5

6. Fill in the missing numbers. Draw a line to connect the facts that are from
the same fact family.

10 – _____ = 8 _____ + 9 = 10 _____ + 1 = 10

10 – _____ = 5 4 + _____ = 10 10 – 5 = _____

10 – _____ = 1 5 + _____ = 10 10 – 4 = _____

10 – 3 = _____ 2 + _____ = 10 _____ + 3 = 10

10 – 6 = _____ _____ + 7 = 10 10 – _____ = 8

© Maria Miller 68 k5learning.com
7. Solve.

a. Millie has two boxes of crayons. Ken has seven boxes.

How many more boxes does Ken have?

b. Mike has three yellow toy cars, four blue ones, and
three red ones. How many toy cars does he have in all?

c. There were four birds in a tree. Four more flew in.

How many birds are there now?

Look! Five of them just flew away!

How many birds are there now?

d. Elisa knows she has ten crayons. She can only find four.
How many are missing?

e. A ten-piece puzzle has two pieces missing.

How many pieces are there now?

© Maria Miller 69 k5learning.com

 Answer Key
Subtraction is “Taking Away”, p. 8
1.

.
2. a. 4 b. 3 c. 2 d. 3 e. 3 f. 4 g. 6 h. 6 i. 5 j. 6 k. 4 l. 4
3. a. 5 b. 4 c. 3 d. 5 e. 9 f. 2 g. 3 h. 4 i. 6 j. 4 k. 4 l. 2

4. a. 8 – 4 = 4 b. 7 – 4 = 3
c. 7 – 1 = 6 d. 9 – 6 = 3
e. 9 – 7 = 2 f. 10 – 2 = 8

Count Down to Subtract, p. 11

1.

© Maria Miller 70 k5learning.com

Count Down to Subtract, cont.
2. a. 6 – 4 = 2 b. 4 – 1 = 3 c. 7 – 5 = 2 d. 9 – 4 = 5
3.

4. a. 4 , 5, 6 b. 1 , 2 , 3 c. 7 , 8, 9
d. 5 , 6 , 7 e. 3 , 4 , 5 f. 8 , 9 , 10
5. a. 5 , 6 , 7 b. 2 , 3 , 4 c. 8 , 9 , 10
d. 4 , 5 , 6 e. 0 , 1 , 2 f. 6 , 7 , 8

6. a. 5, 7 b. 4, 6 c. 8, 2 d. 3, 9
7. a. 4, 3 b. 7, 6 c. 5, 4 d. 8, 7
8. All of these situations are of the type “taking away” or “going away” etc.
a. 7 – 3 = 4 There are 4 birds left in the tree.
b. 10 – 4 = 6 There are still six silver plates in the cupboard.
c. 9 – 4 = 5 Five girls kept jumping rope.
d. 10 – 5 = 5 Josh left five of his toy cars at home.
e. 8 – 3 = 5 Fanny still has five puzzles to play with.
f. 6 – 6 = 0 Tina does not have any flowers left.
9. a. 12, 10 b. 15, 13 c. 8, 7 d. 15, 14 e. 11, 10 f. 11, 10

Subtraction and Addition in the Same Picture, p. 15

1.
a. 3 + 4 = 7 b. 4 + 2 = 6
7 – 4 = 3 or 7 – 3 = 4 6 – 2 = 4 or 6 – 4 = 2
c. 1 + 4 = 5 d. 5 + 1 = 6
5 – 4 = 1 or 5 – 1 = 4 6 – 1 = 5 or 6 – 5 = 1
e. 5 + 3 = 8 f. 3 + 3 = 6
8 – 3 = 5 or 8 – 5 = 3 6–3=3

2.
5+4=9 3+6=9
a. b.
9 – 4 = 5 or 9 – 5 = 4 9 – 6 = 3 or 9 – 3 = 6
5 + 5 = 10 6 + 6 = 12
c. d.
10 – 5 = 5 12 – 6 = 6

© Maria Miller 71 k5learning.com

Subtraction and Addition in the Same Picture, cont.
3.

a. 7 + 1 = 8 8–1=7 b. 6+3=9 9–3=6

c. 2 + 3 = 5 5–3=2 d. 2+5=7 7–2=5

e. 7 + 4 = 11 11 – 4 = 7 f. 3+3=6 6–3=3

4. a. 10 – 4 = 6 b. 8 – 5 = 3 c. 6 – 2 = 4 d. 5 – 4 = 1
e. 5 – 1 = 4 f. 6 – 3 = 3 g. 11 – 7 = 4 h. 11 – 6 = 5
5. Either subtraction sentence could be correct, depending on which circles the student colored.

a. 9 + 1 = 10 b. 7 + 2 = 9
10 – 9 = 1 or 10 – 1 = 9 9 – 7 = 2 or 9 – 2 = 7

c. 10 + 4 = 14 d. 10 + 2 = 12
14 – 10 = 4 or 14 – 4 = 10 12 – 10 = 2 or 12 – 2 = 10

6.

a. 9 – 4 = 5 b. 10 – 5 = 5
5 + 4 = 9 5 + 5 = 10

c. 8 – 5 = 3 d. 8 – 4 = 4
3 + 5 = 8 4 + 4 = 8

e. 7 – 4 = 3 f. 9 – 8 = 1
4 + 3 = 7 1 + 8 = 9

Puzzle Corner.

3 > 3–1 6+5 > 6 10 > 10 – 1

9–7 > 8–7 6–4 < 2+3 8–5 < 5+3

5 + 2 < 8 + 2 10 – 1 > 10 – 3 7 – 4 = 8–5

10 – 2 > 8 – 2 10 + 0 = 10 – 0 8 – 1 < 8+1

© Maria Miller 72 k5learning.com

When Can You Subtract?, p. 19
1.
4–0=4 6–0=6 5–0=5
4–1=3 6–1=5 5–1=4
4–2=2 6–2=4 5–2=3
4–3=1 6–3=3 5–3=2
4–4=0 6–4=2 5–4=1
6–5=1 5–5=0
6–6=0

You cannot do a subtraction problem in whole numbers (0, 1, 2, 3, …) when

the second number is bigger / larger / greater than the first number.

2.
a. b. c. d.
7–1=6 9–1=8 10 – 1 = 9 12 – 1 = 11
7–2=5 9–2=7 10 – 2 = 8 12 – 2 = 10
7–3=4 9–3=6 10 – 3 = 7 12 – 3 = 9

3.
a. b. c.
7–0=7 10 – 5 = 5 8–2=6
7–1=6 9 –5=4 7–2=5
7–2=5 8 –5=3 6–2=4
7–3=4 7 –5=2 5–2=3
7–4=3 6 –5=1 4–2=2
7–5=2 5 –5=0 3–2=1
7–6=1 2–2=0
7–7=0

4.

5. a. false b. true c. false d. false e. false f. true.

6. You can draw pictures (rough sketches) to help the child with the actual math. This would mean drawing individual
dollar bills. For example, in (a), you could draw three rectangles to be three dollar bills.
a. Jennie cannot buy the doll. She needs two dollars more. b. Jessie can buy the ball. He will have three dollars left.
c. Lola can buy the Lego set and have three dollars left. d. Marvin cannot buy the book. He needs one dollar more.
e. Jack cannot buy the set. He needs two dollars more. f. Mary can buy the car. She will have five dollars left.
g. Faye can buy the game and have eight dollars left. h. He cannot buy the game. He needs five dollars more.

© Maria Miller 73 k5learning.com

When Can You Subtract?, cont.
7. a. 10 b. 8 c. 6 d. 8 e. 8
– 3 – 7 – 5 – 6 – 0
7 1 1 2 8

f. 7 g. 7 h. 6 i. 6 j. 9
– 7 – 6 – 6 – 1 – 4
0 1 0 5 5

k. 10 l. 4 m. 6 n. 7 o. 9
– 8 – 0 – 4 – 2 – 3
2 4 2 5 6
8.
10 – 6 6 – 7 5 – 6 5 – 10 7 – 3
1 – 6 10 – 5 9 – 10 8 – 3 1 – 3
7–9 1 – 2 10 – 0 3 – 5 6 – 9
4–8 6–1 0–9 9–4 7–8
8–4 0–4 2–6 6–9 9–5

Two Subtractions from One Addition, p. 23

1.
1+3=4 2+3=5
a. 4–3=1 b. 5–3=2
or 4 – 1 = 3 or 5 – 2 = 3
4+5=9 5+2=7
c. 9–4=5 d. 7–5=2
or 9 – 5 = 4 or 7 – 2 = 5
2+4=6 1+6=7
e. 6–2=4 f. 7–1=6
or 6 – 4 = 2 or 7 – 6 = 1
4+5=9 3 + 7 = 10
g. 9–4=5 h. 10 – 3 = 7
or 9 – 5 = 4 or 10 – 7 = 3
3+3=6 5+3=8
i. 6–3=3 j. 8–5=3
or 6 – 3 = 3 or 8 – 3 = 5
2+6=8 8 + 4 = 12
k. 8–2=6 12 – 8 = 4
l.
or 8 – 6 = 2 or 12 – 4 = 8

© Maria Miller 74 k5learning.com

Two Subtractions from One Addition, cont.
2.
XXXXXX XXXX
X XXX

a. 6 + 1 = 7 b. 4 + 3 = 7
7–1=6 7–4=3
7–6=1 7–3=4
XXXXXXX XXXXX
X XXXX

c. 7 + 1 = 8 d. 5 + 4 = 9
8–1=7 9–5=4
8–7=1 9–4=5
XX XXX
XXXXXX XXXXX

e. 2 + 6 = 8 f. 3 + 5 = 8
8–2=6 8–3=5
8–6=2 8–5=3
X XXXXX
XXXXXXXX XXXXX
g. 1 + 8 = 9 h. 5 + 5 = 10
9–1=8 10 – 5 = 5
9–8=1 10 – 5 = 5

Two Parts — One Total, p. 26

There are five blue marbles and some white marbles in a bag.
Four are white. 5+4=9
9–5=4

5 + 5 = 10
1. a. There are five blue flowers.
10 – 5 = 5

4+5=9
b. There are five girls.
9–4=5

8 + 2 = 10
c. Two of the socks are black.
10 – 8 = 2

d. Six chairs were still standing 2+6=8

upright on the lawn. 8–2=6
2. Answers will vary. For example:
a. 8 – 2 = 6. Gladys drew 8 circles and colored two of them yellow. The rest she colored red. There are six red circles.
b. 7 – 3 = 4. Together Joe and his sister had seven toys. Joe had three cars. Joe’s sister had four dolls.
3. a. 2 + 1 + 3 = 6 b. 3 + 2 + 2 = 7 c. 1 + 4 + 3 = 8 d. 3 + 2 + 4 = 9
4.

a. 3 + 2 + 3 = 8 b. 1 + 5 + 4 = 10

5. a. 2 + 2 + 6 = 10 There were six yellow roses

b. 1 + 2 + 4 = 7 Four birds were brown.
c. 2 + 2 + 5 = 9 Five of her pencils are short.
© Maria Miller 75 k5learning.com
Fact Families, p. 29
1. a. 1 + 5 = 6, 5 + 1 = 6, 6 – 1 = 5, 6 – 5 = 1 b. 3 + 5 = 8, 5 + 3 = 8, 8 – 3 = 5, 8 – 5 = 3
c. 3 + 6 = 9, 6 + 3 = 9, 9 – 3 = 6, 9 – 6 = 3 d. 7 + 3 = 10, 3 + 7 = 10, 10 – 3 = 7, 10 – 7 = 3
2. a. 0 + 7 = 7, 7 + 0 = 7, 7 – 0 = 7, 7 – 7 = 0 b. 1 + 6 = 7, 6 + 1 = 7, 7 – 1 = 6, 7 – 6 = 1
c. 2 + 5 = 7, 5 + 2 = 7, 7 – 2 = 5, 7 – 5 = 2 d. 3 + 4 = 7, 4 + 3 = 7, 7 – 3 = 4, 7 – 4 = 3
3. a. Correct b. Should be 5 – 4 = 1 c. Should be 5 – 3 = 2
d. Should be 5 – 4 = 1 e. Should be 10 – 8 = 2 f. Correct
4.
a. Numbers: 5, 3, 2 b. Numbers: 9, 4, 5
2 + 3 = 5 4 + 5 = 9
3 + 2 = 5 5 + 4 = 9
5 – 3 = 2 9 – 4 = 5
5 – 2 = 3 9 – 5 = 4
c. Numbers: 4, 0, 4 d. Numbers: 10, 3, 7
4 + 0 = 4 3 + 7 = 10
0 + 4 = 4 7 + 3 = 10
4 – 0 = 4 10 – 7 = 3
4 – 4 = 0 10 – 3 = 7
e. Numbers: 10, 2, 8 f. Numbers: 6, 0, 6
2 + 8 = 10 6 + 0 = 6
8 + 2 = 10 0 + 6 = 6
10 – 8 = 2 6 – 0 = 6
10 – 2 = 8 6 – 6 = 0

5.
a. Numbers: 10, 5, 5 b. Numbers: 9, 1, 8
5 + 5 = 10 1 + 8 = 9
5 + 5 = 10 8 + 1 = 9
10 – 5 = 5 9 – 8 = 1
10 – 5 = 5 9 – 1 = 8
c. Numbers: 6, 3, 3 d. Numbers: 7, 1, 6
3 + 3 = 6 1 + 6 = 7
3 + 3 = 6 6 + 1 = 7
6 – 3 = 3 7 – 6 = 1
6 – 3 = 3 7 – 1 = 6

Puzzle Corner.
9–4=5 5–1=4 1+4=5
5–2=3 7–6=1 1+2=3
8–7=1 10 – 5 = 5 3 + 7 = 10

How Many More?, p. 33

1. a. 2 more, 2 fewer b. 3 more, 3 fewer c. 4 more, 4 fewer d. 5 more, 5 fewer e. 7 more, 7 fewer f. 5 more, 5 fewer
2. a. Jane has 9 marbles. b. Mary has 6 marbles. c. Eric has 2 marbles. d. Jane has 2 marbles e. Bill has 6 marbles.
f. Liz has 5 marbles. g. Ed has 8 marbles. h. Mary has 7 marbles. i. Sue has 3 marbles. j. Mary has 9 marbles.
3. Check the student’s work.
4. a. 2 more. b. 3 years. c. 2 years. d. 5 fewer dolls.

© Maria Miller 76 k5learning.com

“How Many More” Problems and Differences, p. 36
1. a. 1 + 3 = 4 b. 3 + 3 = 6 c. 3 + 4 = 7 d. 4 + 6 = 10 e. 2 + 6 = 8 f. 1 + 4 = 5
2. a. 2 + 5 = 7 b. 4 + 2 = 6 c. 7 + 1 = 8 d. 5 + 2 = 7 e. 3 + 4 = 7 f. 3 + 3 = 6
3. a. 4 steps b. 3 steps c. 4 steps d. 0 steps e. 9 steps
4. From 8 4 1 3 6 10 8 9
To 10 10 9 1 5 5 12 15
Difference 2 6 8 2 1 5 4 6

5.
a. from 3 to 5 b. from 1 to 5 c. from 2 to 7
2 steps 4 steps 5 steps
3 + 2 =5 1 + 4 =5 2+5=7

6.
a. from 6 to 9 b. from 4 to 8 c. from 8 to 9 d. from 2 to 6
3 steps 4 steps 1 step 4 steps
6 + 3 =9 4 + 4 =8 8+1=9 2+4=6

7. a. 7 + 3 = 10. Jill has 3 more. b. 4 + 3 = 7. Al has 3 more.

c. 4 + 2 = 6. Ann has two more. d. 2 + 7 = 9. Hannah has 7 more.
e. 10 + 1 = 11. Britney has 1 more. f. 5 + 5 = 10. Don has 5 more.
8. a. 2 + 8 = 10. There are 10 tapes. 2 + 6 = 8 OR 8 – 2 = 6. There are 6 tapes more on the shelf.
b. 5 + 4 = 9. There are now 9 birds now in the oak tree. 5 + 4 = 9 OR 9 – 5 = 4. There are 4 more birds in the oak tree.
c. 9 + 1 = 10 OR 10 – 9 = 1. Joe has 1 more car than Jason. 2 + 7 = 9 OR 9 – 2 = 7. Jason has 7 more cars than Brenda.

“How Many More” Problems and Subtraction, p. 40

1.

+ + +

a. 5 + 2 = 7 b. 3 + 5 = 8 c. 4 + 5 = 9

7 – 5 = 2 8 – 3 = 5 9 – 4 = 5

+ + +

d. 5 + 5 = 10 e. 4 + 3 = 7 f. 5 + 3 = 8

10 – 5 = 5 7 – 4 = 3 8 – 5 = 3

g. 3 + 7 = 10 h. 2 + 7 = 9 i. 1 + 6 = 7
10 – 3 = 7 9 – 2 = 7 7 – 1 = 6

2.
a. 2 + 6 = 8 b. 1 + 8 = 9 c. 7 + 3 = 10 d. 6 + 3 = 9
8–2=6 9–1=8 10 – 3 = 7 9–3=6

© Maria Miller 77 k5learning.com

“How Many More” Problems and Subtraction, cont.
3.
a. 1 + 6 = 7 b. 2 + 7 = 9 c. 1 + 9 = 10
7–1=6 9–2=7 10 – 1 = 9
d. 5 + 3 = 8 e. 8 + 2 = 10 f. 6 + 3 = 9
8–3=5 10 – 2 = 8 9–3=6
4. a. 2 + 6 = 8. They ate 8 carrots. b. 3 + 4 = 7. The baby used 7 blocks.
c. 5 + 2 = 7. There are now 7 lambs. d. 4 + 4 = 8 or 8 – 4 = 4. She needs 4 dollars.
5. a. 8 – 6 = 2, 6 + 2 = 8 b. 10 – 9 = 1, 9 + 1 = 10 c. 9 – 7 = 2, 7 + 2 = 9
d. 10 – 8 = 2, 8 + 2 = 10 e. 9 – 8 = 1, 8 + 1 = 9 f. 7 – 6 = 1, 6 + 1 = 7
6. a. 3 + 3 = 6 or 6 – 3 = 3. She needs 3 cucumbers. b. 7 – 3 = 4. Four ducks are left.
c. 6 + 2 = 8 or 8 – 6 = 2. She needs two dollars. d. 6 + 4 = 10 or 10 – 6 = 4. He has four pages to read.
7. a. Correct b. Should be 8 – 4 = 4 c. Should be 6 – 4 = 2 d. Correct e. Correct f. Should be 9 – 7 = 2
8. a. 4 dolls b. 6 teddy bears c. 4 other toys

d. 2 more e. 2 more f. 10 dolls and teddy bears in all

Subtracting More Than One Number, p. 44

1. a. 3, 1, 4 b. 5, 3, 2 c. 2, 2, 5
2. a. She has six cookies left. 10 – 2 – 2 = 6 b. There are three birds left. 7 – 3 – 1 = 3
c. Now there are three cars. 8 – 3 – 2 = 3 d. Jack has now $8. $5 + $2 + $1 = $8
3. a. 2, 1 b. 1, 2 c. 1, 3
4. a. 5, 4 b. 1, 0 c. 2, 1
5.

Puzzle corner. 9 – 3 – 2 – 1 = 3 10 – 1 – 2 – 1 = 6 8 – 4 – 1 – 2 = 1

Review, p. 46
1. 2 + 7 = 9, 7 + 2 = 9, 9 – 2 = 7, 9 – 7 = 2 3. b. 4 + 2 = 6.
2. a. 10 – 4 = 6 or 10 – 6 = 4
b. 5 + 4 = 9; 9 – 5 = 4 c. 2 + 1 = 3 robins. 5 – 3 = 2.
3. a. 8 – 2 = 6. Six of them are boys. Now there are two more sparrows.
4. a. 1, 8, 7, 5 b. 3, 3, 1, 2 c. 10, 2, 0, 3 d. 6, 4, 9, 7

© Maria Miller 78 k5learning.com

Addition and Subtraction Facts with 4 and 5, p. 47

5+0=5 5–5=0
0+5=5 5–0=5

Facts with 5 4+1=5 5–4=1

1+4=5 5–1=4

3+2=5 5–3=2
2+3=5 5–2=3

1. a. 1, 3, 4, 2 b. 3, 4, 1, 2 c. 5, 1, 3, 3 d. 4, 1, 4, 2

2. 5–4 2+3 4–4 1+2 4–2 1+3

2+2 3–2 5–0 0+0 5–2 1+1
0+2 5–1 0+1 1+4 0–0 4–1

3. 17 – 0 = 17 10 + 0 = 10 5 –2= 3
17 – 1 = 16 10 + 1 = 11 6 –2= 4
17 – 2 = 15 10 + 2 = 12 7 –2= 5
17 – 3 = 14 10 + 3 = 13 8 –2= 6
17 – 4 = 13 10 + 4 = 14 9 –2= 7
17 – 5 = 12 10 + 5 = 15 10 – 2 = 8
17 – 6 = 11 10 + 6 = 16 11 – 2 = 9
17 – 7 = 10 10 + 7 = 17 12 – 2 = 10
17 – 8 = 9 10 + 8 = 18 13 – 2 = 11
17 – 9 = 8 10 + 9 = 19 14 – 2 = 12
17 – 10 = 7 10 + 10 = 20 15 – 2 = 13
17 – 11 = 6 10 + 11 = 21 16 – 2 = 14
17 – 12 = 5 10 + 12 = 22 17 – 2 = 15
etc. etc. etc.

Addition and Subtraction Facts with 6, p. 49

1.

6, 0, 6 5, 1, 6 4, 2, 6

6+0=6 5+1=6 4+2=6

0+6=6 1+5=6 2+4=6
6–6=0 6–5=1 6–4=2
6–0=6 6–1=5 6–2=4

3, 3, 6

3+3=6
6–3=3

© Maria Miller 79 k5learning.com

Addition and Subtraction Facts with 6, cont.

2.

0+6=6 or 6+0=6
1+5=6 or 5+1=6
2+4=6 or 4+2=6
3+3=6

3.
a. 6 b. 6 c. 6 d. 6 e. 6 f. 6
–5 –4 –6 –2 –1 –3
1 2 0 4 5 3
5. a. 2, 3 b. 1, 6 c. 4, 5 d. 4, 1
6.

a. 2 + = 5 b. 1 + = 6 c. 4 + = 5
5 – 2 = 6 – 1 = 5 – 4 =

d. 3 + = 8 e. 5 + = 10 f. 2 + = 7
8 – 3 = 10 – 5 = 7 – 2 =

7.

a. 1 + = 6 b. 2 + 7 =
+ 1 = 6 7 + 2 =
6 – = 1 – 2 = 7
6 – 1 = – 7 = 2

8. a. 4 + 3 = 7. They have seven kittens in total.

4 – 3 = 1 OR 3 + 1 = 4. The black cat has one more than the white one.
b. 10 – 2 = 8 OR 2 + 8 = 10. He has lost eight crayons.
c. 10 + 2 = 12. Mother had 12 clothespins. 10 – 2 = 8 OR 8 + 2 = 10.
Mother had eight more in the first container.
d. 8 – 2 = 6 OR 2 + 6 = 8. She needs six more eggs.
2 + 3 = 5. Jill and the neighbor have five eggs in total.
2 + 3 = 5. If she gets her neighbor’s eggs, she will have five eggs.
8 – 5 = 3 OR 5 + 3 = 8. She will need three more.

© Maria Miller 80 k5learning.com

Addition and Subtraction Facts with 7, p. 52
1.

7, 0, 7 6, 1, 7 5, 2, 7

7+0=7 6+1=7 5+2=7

0+7=7 1+6=7 2+5=7
7–0=7 7–6=1 7–5=2
7–7=0 7–1=6 7–2=5

4, 3, 7 2.

0+7=7 or 7+0=7
1+6=7 or 6+1=7
2+5=7 or 5+2=7
4+3=7
3+4=7 or 4+3=7
3+4=7
7–4=3
7–3=4

4. a. 7 b. 7 c. 7 d. 7 e. 7 f. 7
–5 –4 –6 –2 –1 –3
2 3 1 5 6 4

5.

6. a. Jeremy has two more pencils than Luis. 6 – 4 = 2 or 4 + ___ = 6.

In total, they have 10 pencils. 6 + 4 = 10
b. She found eight socks. 2 + 5 + 1 = 8.
Puzzle corner:

– 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3
1 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2
2 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

© Maria Miller 81 k5learning.com

Addition and Subtraction Facts with 8, p. 54
1.

8, 0 , 8 7 , 1, 8 6, 2, 8

8+0=8 7+1=8 6+2=8

0+8=8 1+7=8 2+6=8
8–0=8 8–1=7 8–2=6
8–8=0 8–7=1 8–6=2

5, 3, 8 4, 4, 8

5+3=8
3+5=8 4+4=8
8–5=3 8–4=4
8–3=5

3.
0 + 8 = 8 or 8 + 0 = 8
1 + 7 = 8 or 7 + 1 = 8
2 + 6 = 8 or 6 + 2 = 8
3 + 5 = 8 or 5 + 3 = 8 4 + 4 = 8

4. a. 5, 7, 6 b. 3, 7, 6 c. 4, 2, 1 d. 1, 8, 4
5.

a. 5 – 2 4 b. 7 – 4 5 c. 8 – 1 7 d. 6 – 3 2
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

3 < 4 3 < 5 7 = 7 3 > 2

© Maria Miller 82 k5learning.com

Addition and Subtraction Facts with 8, cont.
6.

a. 5 – 2 4–2 b. 8 – 1 7–1 c. 8 – 6 8–5

↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
3 > 2 7 > 6 2 < 3

d. 6 + 2 7+2 e. 7 – 1 7–2 f. 4 + 4 7–5

↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
8 < 9 6 > 5 8 > 2

g. 1 – 1 3–2 h. 3 + 10 10 i. 7 4+2
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
0 < 1 13 > 10 7 > 6

j. 8 – 1 4–2 k. 7 – 2 6–1 l. 9 – 0 7+2

↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
7 > 2 5 = 5 9 = 9

7.

8. a. 7 – 4 = 3. Bill has three more cars than Ed.

10 – 4 = 6. Jack has six more cars than Ed.
10 – 7 = 3. Jack has three more cars than Bill.
b. 5 + 3 = 8. Both things together cost $8, so she cannot buy both. She has $7.
7 + 1 = 8. She would need $1 more.

© Maria Miller 83 k5learning.com

Addition and Subtraction Facts with 9, p. 58
1.
9, 0 , 9 8, 1, 9 7, 2, 9

9+0=9 8+1=9 7+2=9

0+9=9 1+8=9 2+7=9
9–0=9 9–1=8 9–7=2
9–9=0 9–8=1 9–2=7

6, 3, 9 5, 4, 9

6+3=9 5+4=9
3+6=9 4+5=9
9–6=3 9–5=4
9–3=6 9–4=5

3.
0 + 9 = 9 or 9 + 0 = 9
1 + 8 = 9 or 8 + 1 = 9
2 + 7 = 9 or 7 + 2 = 9
3 + 6 = 9 or 6 + 3 = 9
4 + 5 = 9 or 5 + 4 = 9

4. a. 4, 6, 3, 1 b. 7, 8, 2, 1 c. 8, 6, 4, 2 d. 8, 9, 7, 5
5.

6. a. 8 > 10 – 3 b. 9 < 9+3 c. 8–6 < 6+3

d. 6 + 2 < 8+2 e. 10 – 1 < 10 f. 8–4 > 8–5

g. 5 – 2 > 4 – 2 h. 8+0 = 8–0 i. 9–1 < 9+1

9 b. 9 c. 9 d. 8 e. 9 f. 8
7. a. –5 –4 –6 –2 –2 –3
4 5 3 6 7 5

© Maria Miller 84 k5learning.com

Addition and Subtraction Facts with 9, cont.
8.

(9 – 3, 2 + 5, 9 – 2, 4 + 2, 6 – 0, 3 + 4, 1 + 6, 8 – 1, 5 + 1, 7 – 1, 3 + 3, 10 – 4, 7 + 0, 7 – 0 are colored blue,

9 – 0, 4 + 4, 10 – 2, 6 + 3, 8 – 0, 2 + 7, 10 – 1 are colored red, and the rest are colored yellow.)

Addition and Subtraction Facts with 10, p. 61

1.

10, 0, 10 9, 1, 10 8, 2, 10

10 + 0 = 10 9 + 1 = 10 8 + 2 = 10
0 + 10 = 10 1 + 9 = 10 2 + 8 = 10
10 – 10 = 0 10 – 9 = 1 10 – 2 = 8
10 – 0 = 10 10 – 1 = 9 10 – 8 = 2

7, 3, 10 6, 4, 10 5, 5, 10

7 + 3 = 10 6 + 4 = 10 5 + 5 = 10
3 + 7 = 10 4 + 6 = 10
10 – 7 = 3 10 – 6 = 4 10 – 5 = 5
10 – 3 = 7 10 – 4 = 6

3.
0 + 10 = 10 or 10 + 0 = 10
1 + 9 = 10 or 9 + 1 = 10
2 + 8 = 10 or 8 + 2 = 10
3 + 7 = 10 or 7 + 3 = 10
4 + 6 = 10 or 6 + 4 = 10
5 + 5 = 10

4. a. 7, 4, 8 b. 10, 3, 1 c. 3, 8, 6

© Maria Miller 85 k5learning.com

Addition and Subtraction Facts with 10, cont.
5.

6. a. 2 + 3 = 5. Elisa has five coins. Sarah still has more coins. 6 – 5 = 1.

The difference is one coin.
b. 6 + 1 = 7. Dad got a total of seven boxes. Then he gave one away. 7 – 1 = 6.
So he ended up with six boxes.
c. 6 + 3 = 9. We have a total of nine dollars, so yes, we can buy the meal. 9 – 8 = 1.
We will have one dollar left over.
7. a. 5, 3, 8 b. 7, 6, 9 c. 4, 3, 1
8.

9. Answers will vary; check the student’s questions and answers. For example:
How many more coins does Lisa have than Maggie?
Puzzle Corner.
Use “guess and check” to find the answers.
a. The square is 6, the triangle is 4. 6 + 4 = 10, 6 – 4 = 2
b. The square is 8, the triangle is 2. 8 + 2 = 10, 8 – 2 = 6
c. The square is 5, and the triangle is 5. 5 + 5 = 10, 5 – 5 = 0

© Maria Miller 86 k5learning.com

Review - Facts with 6, 7 and 8, p. 65
1.
a. b. c. d.
0+8=8 3+4=7 6–4=2 7–5=2
3+5=8 5+2=7 6–1=5 8–5=3
2+6=8 1+6=7 6–3=3 6–5=1
6+2=8 6+1=7 6–2=4 8–4=4
5+3=8 2+5=7 6–5=1 7–3=4

2.

a. 8–2 7–3 b. 10 – 7 9–6 c. 7–6 4–2

↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
6 > 4 3 = 3 1 < 2

d. 4+2 > 9–8 e. 10 – 4 > 7 – 4 f. 3+4 > 7–1

3. a. Luisa had 5 more counters. 9 – 4 = 5 or 4 + 5 = 9.

b. Luisa had three more counters. 8 – 5 = 3 or 5 + 3 = 8.
4.

5.

Puzzle Corner. 2 + 6 = 8 3 + 4 =7
Answers will vary.
Here is one – – + –
possibility.
2 + 4 = 6 5 – 1 =4

0 2 8 3

© Maria Miller 87 k5learning.com

Review - Facts with 9 and 10, p. 67
1.
a. b. c. d.
4+ 5 =9 5+ 5 = 10 10 – 9 =1 9– 7 =2
1+ 8 =9 2+ 8 = 10 10 – 3 =7 9– 3 =6
6+ 3 =9 3+ 7 = 10 10 – 5 =5 9– 1 =8
2+ 7 =9 4+ 6 = 10 10 – 2 =8 9– 4 =5

2.

3. a. Correct b. Should be 10 – 4 = 6 c. Should be 9 – 4 = 5 d. Correct e. Should be 7 – 4 = 3 f. Correct

4.

5. a. Answers may vary. Please check the student’s work. In part (a) one number 9 will be left unpaired.
In part (b) a number 6 will be left unpaired.

6.

7. a. 7 – 2 = 5. Ken has five more than Millie. b. 3 + 4 + 3 = 10. Mike has ten cars.
c. 4 + 4 = 8. There were eight birds. 8 – 5 = 3. Later, there were three birds.
d. 4 + 6 = 10 or 10 – 4 = 6. Six crayons are missing. e. 10 – 2 = 8. There are eight pieces left.

© Maria Miller 88 k5learning.com

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