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Short Answer Type QNS

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39 views2 pages

Short Answer Type QNS

Uploaded by

『Mr๛ ProfEsOrツ
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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THERMODYNAMICS

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Define the following terms:


a. Enthalpy of neutralization
b. Hess’s law of constant heat summation
2. Calculate the bond enthalpy of Cl ― Cl bond from the following data:
CH4 (g) + Cl2 (g) → CH3Cl (l) + HCl (l); ∆H = -100.3 KJ/mol
Given, bond enthalpies of C―H, C―Cl and H―Cl bond are 413, 326 and 431kJ mol--1
respectively.

3. What is the standard enthalpy of formation of NH 3 gas?


N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) → 2NH3 (g); ∆rH˚ = -92.4 kJ mol-1
4. The equilibrium constant for a reaction is 10. What will be the value of ∆G˚?
[R=8.314 J K-1mol-1, T=300k ]
5. Calculate the entropy change in surroundings when 1.00 mol of H 2O (l) is formed under
standard conditions. ∆fH˚ = -286 kJ mol-1.
6. A 5 liter cylinder contained 10 moles of oxygen gas at 27 ˚C. Due to sudden leakage
through the hole, all the gas escaped into the atmosphere and the cylinder got empty. If the
atmospheric pressure was 1.0 atm, calculate the work done by the gas. [R=0.0821 L
atm K-1 mol-1; 1L atm = 101.3 J]
7. Starting with the thermodynamic relationship G = H ―TS, derive the following relationship:
∆Go = ― T∆STotal
8. Given that ∆H = 0 for mixing of two gases. Explain whether the diffusion of these gases into
each other in a closed container is a spontaneous process or not?
9. The difference between Cp and Cv can be derived using the empirical relation H= U+PV.
Calculate the difference between Cp and C v for 10 moles of an ideal gas.
10. The enthalpy change for the transition of liquid water to steam at 373 K is 40.8 kJ per mole.
Calculate the entropy change for the process.
11. Calculate bond energy of C―H bond if ∆ cH of CH4 is -891 kJmol-1, ∆cH of C(s) is -394 kJ
mol-1, ∆cH of H2(g) is -286 kJ mol-1, heat of sublimation of C(s) is 717kJ mol-1, heat of
dissociation of H2 is 436 kJ mol-1.
(I) Why is the entropy of a substance taken as zero at 0K ?

(II)Calculate the standard Gibbs free energy change for the reaction:
N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌2NH3(g) at 298 K
The value of equilibrium constant for the above reaction is 6.6 × 105. [R = 8.314 J K-1mol-1]
12. How is the third law of thermodynamics useful in calculations of the absolute entropies?
Calculate the value of ∆S˚ for the following reaction at 400 K:
2NOCl (g) → 2NO (g) + Cl2 (g)
if the value of equilibrium constant for the reaction at 400K is 1.958 × 10-4 and ∆H˚ = 77.2
kJ mol-1 (R= 8.314 J K-1 mol-1).
13. (i) .State Hess’s law of constant heat summation. How does it follow from the first law of
thermodynamics
(ii) Determine ∆rHo, at 298 K for reaction:
C (graphite) + 2H2 (g) → CH4(g); ∆rHo =?
You are given:
(a) C(graphite) + O2(g) → CO2(g); ∆rHo = - 393.51kJ/mol
(b) H2 (g) + ½ O2(g) → H2O(l); ∆rHo = - 258.8 kJ/mol
(c) CO2 (g) + 2H2O (l) → CH4(g) + 2O2(g); ∆rH = + 890.3 kJ/mol
14. Calculate the standard enthalpy of formation of CH 3OH (l) from the following data:
CH3OH (l) + 3/2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(l); ∆Ho = - 726 kJ mol-1
C(s) + O2(g) → CO2(g); ∆cHo = - 393 kJ mol-1
H2(g) + 1/2O2(g) → H2O(l); ∆fHo = - 286 kJ mol-1

15. At 600C , dinitrogen tetraoxide is 50% dissociated. Calculate the standard free energy
change at this temperature and at one atmosphere.

16. What do you understand by state function? Neither q nor w is a state function but q+w is a
state function.

17. Derive the relation between ∆U and ∆H for gases.

18. It has been found that 221.4 J is needed to heat 30 g of ethanol from 15 0 C to 180C
calculate (a) specific heat capacity (b) molar heat capacity of ethanol.

19. Calculate standard enthalpy of formation of HCl if bond energy of H-H bond is 437 kJ per
mole, Cl-Cl bond is 244 kJ per mole and H-Cl is 433 kJ per mole.

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