Chapter-

Our environment
1. Define environment?
2. What is a food chain?
3. List out the components in a food chain?
4. What is a food web?
5. What is pollution?
6. Explain the effects of human activity on the environment?
7. Define ozone layer?
8. Why is the ozone layer loss more in cold regions?
9. What are the after effects of ozone depletion?
10. Why is it necessary to manage our garbage?
11. Which of the following is biodegradable?
(a) Plastic mugs
(b) Leather belts
(c) Silver foil
(d) Iron nails
12. Which of the following is non- biodegradable?
(a) Wool
(b) Nylon
(c) Animal bones
(d) Tea leaves
13. Which one of the following will undergo fastest bio-degradation?
(a) Mango seed
(b) Wood
(c) Mango peel
(d) Mango pulp
14.

An ecosystem is represented in the figure given above. This ecosystem will be self-
sustaining if
(a) the type of organisms represented by B are eliminated.
(b) materials cycle between the organisms labelled A and the organisms labelled B.
(c) the organisms labelled A outnumber the organisms labelled B.
(d) the organisms labelled A are equal in number to the organisms labelled B.
15. In an ecosystem, herbivores represent
(a) producers
 (b) primary consumers
(c) secondary consumers
(d) decomposers
16. Our Environment Class 10 MCQ Question 6. Trophic level in an ecosystem represents
(a) oxygen level
(b) water level
(c) energy level
(d) salt level
17. A food chain comprising birds, green plants, fish and man.
The concentration of harmful chemical entering the food chain will be maximum in
(a) green plants
(b) man
(c) birds
(d) fish
18. First link in any food chain is usually green plants because
(a) they are widely distributed
(b) they are fixed at one place in the soil
(c) they alone have the capacity to synthesise food using sunlight
(d) there are more herbivores than carnivores
19. Which of the following statements about food chain and energy flow through ecosystem
is false?
(a) Food webs include two or more food chains.
(b) All organisms that are not producers are consumers.
(c) A single organism can feed at several trophic levels.
(d) Detritivores feed at all trophic levels except the producer level.
(e) The lower the trophic level at which an organism feeds, the more energy available.
20. Which of the following is a logical sequence of food chain
(a) producer → consumer → decomposer
(b) producer → decomposer → consumer
(c) consumer → producer → decomposer
(d) decomposerproducer → consumer
21. Which of the following is an autotroph?
(a) Lion
(b) Insect
(c) Tree
(d) Mushroom
22. In the garden ecosystem, which of the following are producers?
(a) Insects
(b) Snakes
(c) Grasses
(d) Rabbits
23. Which one of the following is an artificial ecosystem?
(a) Pond
(b) Crop field
(c) Lake
(d) Forest
24. An ecosystem includes
(a) all living organisms
(b) non-living objects
(c) both living organisms and non-living objects
(d) sometimes living organisms and sometimes nonliving objects
25. Excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation causes
(a) inflammation of liver
(b) cancer of skin
(c) damage to the lungs
(d) jaundice
26. Which one of the following is an artificial ecosystem?
(a) Lake
(b) Forest
(c) Pond
(d) Crop field
27. Acid rain is caused by the oxides of
(a) carbon
(b) nitrogen only
(c) sulphur only
(d) sulphur and nitrogen
28. Which of the following is biodegradable?
(a) Aluminium can
(b) Polythene bag
(c) Cowdung
(d) DDT
29. Which of the following is an abiotic component of an ecosystem?
(a) Humus
(b) Bacteria
(c) Plants
(d) Fungi
30. Which one of the following pairs belong to the category of primary consumers?
(a) Eagle and snake
(b) Grasshoppers & cattle
(c) Snake and frog
(d) Water beetles & fish
31. Which of the following chemicals causes depletion of the ozone layer?
(a) Carbon tetrachloride
(b) Methane
(c) Chlorofluoro carbon
(d) Carbon monoxide
32. In a food chain, the third trophic level is always occupied by
(a) herbivore
(b) carnivore
(c) decomposer
(d) producer
26. The depletion of the ozone layer causes
(a) global wanning
(b) earthquakes
(c) increased UV radiations
(d) acid rain

27. In the given foodchain if the amount of energy at the fourth trophic level is 4 kJ, what will be
the energy available at the producer level?
Grass → Grasshopper → Frog → Snake
(a) 4 kJ
(b) 40 kJ
(c) 400 kJ
(d) 4000 kJ

28. What will happen if all the deer are killed in the given food chain?
Grass → Deer → Lion
(a) The population of grass decreases.
(b) The population of lions increases.
(c) The population of lions remains unchanged.
(d) The population of lions decreases and grass increases.

29. Which of the two in the following sets belong to the same trophic level?
(a) Grass; Grasshopper
(b) Goat; Spider
(c) Hawk ; Rat
(d) Frog ; Lizards

Direction (Q30 to Q34): In the following Questions, the Assertion and Reason have been put
forward. Read the statements carefully and choose the correct alternative from the following:
(a) Both the Assertion and the Reason are correct and the Reason is the correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(b) The Assertion and the Reason are correct but the Reason is not the correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) The statement of the Assertion is false but the Reason is true.
30. Assertion: Vegetarian food habit is more beneficial to organisms.
Reason: Only 10% energy is available as food from one trophic level to next.

31. Assertion: Accumulation of harmful chemicals is maximum in case of organisms at higher

trophic level.
Reason: Food chain normally does not go beyond 3 or 4 trophic level.

32. Assertion: Ozone layer is getting depleted at upper atmosphere which is a cause of concern.
Reason: CFC reacts with ozone and breaks it.

33. Assertion: Autotrophs can produce food on its own.

Reason: Green plants can absorb 1% energy of sunlight that fall on the leaves.
34. Assertion: Biodegradable waste and non biodegradable waste should be discarded separately,
Reason: Biodegradable waste are not harmful.

35. A food chain comprises of frog, snake, grass and grasshopper. The organisms at third trophic
level is ___________ .

36. In an ecosystem, various organisms are linked forming interconnections such a condition is
termed as ___________ .

37. Ultraviolet radiation from sunlight causes a reaction which produces ___________ .

38. Burning of waste substances usually at high temperature of over 1000° C to convert them
into ashes is called ___________

39. Animal dung is ___________ waste.

40. Accumulation of non-biodegradable pesticides in the food chain in increasing amount at each
higher trophic level is known as ___________ .

41. Depletion of ozone is mainly due to ___________ .

42. Organisms which synthesise carbohydrates from inorganic compounds using radiant energy
are called ___________ .

43. Flow of energy in an ecosystem is always ___________ .

44. We often use the word environment. What does it mean?

45. Why is it necessary to conserve our environment?

46. Select two non-biodegradable substances from the following wastes generated in a kitchen:
spoilt food, paper bags, milk bags, vegetable peels, tin cans, used tea leaves.

47. Why should biodegradable and non- biodegradable wastes be discarded in two separate
dustbins?

48. How should we dispose waste?

49. Why is plastic called non-biodegradable?

50. What is biodegradable plastic?

51. Name few biodegradable substances you generate.

52. List two natural ecosystems.

53. List two biotic components of a biosphere.

54. Name any two man-made ecosystems.

55. Why are green plants called producers?

56. What will be the amount of energy available to the organism of the 2nd trophic level of a
food chain, if the energy available at the first trophic level is 10,000 joules?

57. The first trophic level in a food chain is always a green plant. Why?

58. Which of the following are always at the second trophic level of the food chains?
Carnivores, Autotrophs, Herbivores

59. The following organisms form a food chain. Which of these will have the highest
concentration of non-biodegradable chemicals? Name the phenomenon associated with it.
Insects, Hawk, Grass, Snake, Frog.

60. List two criteria of measuring the biodiversity of an area.

61. Name two decomposers operating in our ecosystem.

62. In a food chain, 10,000 joules of energy is available to the producer. How much energy will
be available to the secondary consumer to transfer it to the tertiary consumer?

63. Consider the following food chain which occurs in a forest:

Grass → Deer → Lion
If 10000 J of solar energy is available to the grass, how much energy would be available to the
deer to transfer it to the lion?

64. In the following food chain, 100 J of energy is available to the lion. How much energy was
available to the producer?
Plants → Deer → Lion

65. Which of the following belong to the first trophic level of a food chain?
Grass, Grasshopper, Plants, Rat, Tiger

66. What are the various steps in a food chain called?

67. Give an example to illustrate that indiscriminate use of pesticides may result in the
degradation of the environment.

68. When plants are eaten by primary consumers, a great deal of energy is lost as heat to the
environment and some amount goes in carrying out various life processes. State the average
percentage of energy lost in this manner.

69. Write the full name of the group of compounds mainly responsible for the depletion of ozone
layer.

70. What is a consumer?

71. What happens to Sun’s energy that fall on green plants?

72. How much energy one trophic level gets from another?

73. What happens when a harmful chemical enters a food chain?

74. Why does energy available at each trophic level diminish progressively?

75. Define Ozone hole.

76. Write the name and formula of a molecule made up of three atoms of oxygen.

77. Why did United Nations act to control the production of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) used in
refrigerators?

78. Which disease is caused in human beings due to depletion of ozone layer in the atmosphere?

79. What is the full form of CFC and UNEP?

80. Some time back, Kulhadas, that is disposable cups made up of clay, were suggested as an
alternative. Why Kulhads are not being used in trains now?