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GATE CSE Detailed Notes Enhanced

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31 views7 pages

GATE CSE Detailed Notes Enhanced

Uploaded by

utkarsh rajput
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GATE CSE Detailed Notes

This document provides detailed topic-wise explanations, examples, and GATE previous year

questions for comprehensive preparation.


1. Algorithms

### Subtopics

- Sorting and Searching: QuickSort, MergeSort, Binary Search.

- Graph Algorithms: BFS, DFS, Dijkstra's Algorithm.

- Dynamic Programming: 0/1 Knapsack, Longest Common Subsequence (LCS).

#### **Sorting Algorithms**

- **QuickSort**: Divide and conquer approach. Selects a pivot and partitions the array.

- Best Case: \(O(n \log n)\)

- Worst Case: \(O(n^2)\)

- Example: Array = [10, 80, 30, 90, 40, 50, 70]; Pivot = 70. First partition: [10, 30, 40, 50] | 70 | [80, 90].

#### **Graph Algorithms**

- **Dijkstra's Algorithm**: Finds shortest path from a source node to all other nodes in a weighted graph.

- Example: Given a graph with vertices and weights, find the shortest path.

#### **Dynamic Programming**

- **0/1 Knapsack Problem**: Maximize value within a weight limit.

- Example: Items: [(60, 10), (100, 20), (120, 30)], Capacity: 50. Max value = 220.

#### **GATE Questions:**

1. Implement BFS for a graph (GATE 2020).

2. Solve the 0/1 Knapsack problem for the given input (GATE 2019).
2. Computer Networks, Computer Organization & Data Structures

### Subtopics

- Networks: OSI model, TCP/IP, Subnetting, Routing Protocols.

- Computer Organization: Memory Hierarchy, Pipelining, Cache.

- Data Structures: Trees, Graphs, Heaps.

#### **Computer Networks**

- **Subnetting**: Divide an IP range into smaller networks.

- Example: IP 192.168.1.0/24 -> Subnets of size /26.

#### **Computer Organization**

- **Cache Memory**: Stores frequently accessed data.

- Example: Cache block size = 64 bytes, 1024 blocks. Compute cache size.

#### **Data Structures**

- **Graphs**: BFS and DFS for traversals.

- Example: BFS traversal for a graph.

#### **GATE Questions:**

1. Design a subnet mask for the given IP (GATE 2018).

2. Calculate cache memory size (GATE 2019).


3. Databases & Digital Electronics

### Subtopics

- Databases: SQL, Normalization, Transactions.

- Digital Electronics: Logic Gates, Flip-Flops, Counters.

#### **Databases**

- **Normalization**: Process of structuring a database.

- Example: Convert a relation into BCNF.

#### **Digital Electronics**

- **Multiplexer**: Combines multiple inputs into one.

- Example: Design a 4:1 multiplexer using logic gates.

#### **GATE Questions:**

1. Write an SQL query to find the second highest salary (GATE 2020).

2. Design a multiplexer for given input (GATE 2018).


4. Digital Logic & Engineering Mathematics

### Subtopics

- Digital Logic: Boolean Algebra, Sequential Circuits.

- Mathematics: Linear Algebra, Probability, Calculus.

#### **Digital Logic**

- **Karnaugh Map (K-Map)**: Minimizes boolean expressions.

- Example: Simplify \( (A + B)(A + C) \).

#### **Engineering Mathematics**

- **Probability**: Calculate outcomes of random events.

- Example: Probability of selecting a red ball from a bag of colored balls.

#### **GATE Questions:**

1. Simplify a boolean expression using K-Map (GATE 2019).

2. Solve eigenvalue and eigenvector problems (GATE 2017).


5. Operating Systems & Software Engineering

### Subtopics

- Operating Systems: Scheduling, Synchronization, Paging.

- Software Engineering: SDLC, Testing.

#### **Operating Systems**

- **Scheduling Algorithms**: FCFS, SJF, Round Robin.

- Example: Simulate Round Robin scheduling with quantum = 4.

#### **Software Engineering**

- **Testing**: Unit, Integration, System Testing.

- Example: Write test cases for a login form.

#### **GATE Questions:**

1. Calculate page faults using FIFO (GATE 2021).

2. Simulate Round Robin scheduling (GATE 2018).


6. Compiler Design & Theory of Computation

### Subtopics

- Compiler Design: Lexical Analysis, Parsing.

- Theory of Computation: DFA, CFG, Turing Machines.

#### **Compiler Design**

- **Parsing**: Top-down and Bottom-up parsing techniques.

- Example: Construct a parse tree for the expression \( a + b * c \).

#### **Theory of Computation**

- **DFA (Deterministic Finite Automaton)**: Recognizes regular languages.

- Example: Convert a given NFA to DFA.

#### **GATE Questions:**

1. Write a CFG for a given language (GATE 2019).

2. Convert NFA to DFA (GATE 2020).

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