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Bab Neraca Energi

This document provides information on the production process and energy usage calculations for making instant coffee. It details the inputs, outputs, temperatures, times, heat capacities and energy calculations for each step. The total daily electricity consumption for the entire production process is estimated to be 1,537.620 kWh.

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Vizenzia Ambar
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
421 views8 pages

Bab Neraca Energi

This document provides information on the production process and energy usage calculations for making instant coffee. It details the inputs, outputs, temperatures, times, heat capacities and energy calculations for each step. The total daily electricity consumption for the entire production process is estimated to be 1,537.620 kWh.

Uploaded by

Vizenzia Ambar
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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c c

  



  

T awal = 30oC
Takhir = 205oC
t = 60 menit
t perhari = 22 jam
Cp kopi = 400kal/kgoC

4.200 kg kopi
beras

Air+kotoran+komp
.volatil 630 kg

Biji kopi masuk : 4.200 kg


Terdiri dari :

padatan

= 3.696 kg (88 %)

jumlah air

= 504 kg (kadar air 12 %)

Biji kopi total per hari sejumlah dua line sebesar 4.200 kg
T masuk: 30oC
T keluar: 205 oC
Kalor spesifik

= 0,400 kal/groC
= 1673,60 joule/kgoC

. .a

= 4.200. 1673,60. (205-30)


= 1.230.096.000 joule
= 1.230.096 kJoule
Efisiensi alat pada proses ini pada proses ini adalah 80% sehingga
Qmasuk

100
1.230.096 
80

= 1.537.620 kJoule

{
  

t = 60menit
540 kg kopi sangrai
t per hari = 20 jam
Cp kopi = 400 kal/kg 0C



 m = 540 kg/jam = 0,54 ton/jam

Losses 10,8 kg

Dpb (melewati 60 mesh) = 0,25 mm


Dpa (melewati 2 ) = 8 mm
 1   1 


 D = m. 0,3162.Wi 
 A   A 



  1 
1

= 0,54 ton/jam. 0,3162. 12,74 


 0,25 mm   8 mm

= 2,175 (2-0,353)
= 3,58 Kw
= 3.580 watt

 Konsumsi listrik /proses produksi = 3.580 Watt x 1 jam


= 3.580 Wh
= 3,58 Kwh
 Konsumsi listrik per hari

= 3,58 Kwh x 20 proses


= 71,6 kwh/hari


    
529,2 kg kopi bubuk

t = 60 menit
t per hari = 20 jam
Cp kopi = 400 kal/kg 0C

Diameter poros (d) = 25 mm


Massa jenis baja () = 7.806 kg/m3
Danjang poros (L) = 250 mm

 Massa poros = . V
= . . d2. L
= 7806. . 3,14. (0,025)2. 0,25
= 0,958 kg
 Vnersia poros = m r2

Kopi yang tertahan 26,46 kg

= 0,958 kg. (0,0125)2


= 0,75. 10-4 kg.m2
Besi tuang, = 7.197 kg/m3 (pulley diasumsikan pejal)
Diameter pulley 1 (D1) = 76 mm
Danjang pulley 1 (D1) = 18 mm
Diameter pulley 2 (D2) = 305 mm
Danjang pulley 2 (D2) = 22 mm
 Massa pulley 1 = . V
= 7.197. . 3,14. (0,076)2. 0,18
= 0,59 kg
 Vnersia pulley 1 = m r2
= 0,59 kg. (0,038)2
= 4,26. 10-4 kg.m2
 Massa pulley 2 = . V
= 7.197. . 3,14. (0,305)2. 0,22
= 11,54 kg
 Vnersia pulley 2 = m r2
= 11,54 kg. (0,1525)2
= 1345. 10-4 kg.m2
Bahan karbon steel = 7806 kg/m3

Danjang plat = 60 mm
Lebar plat = 40 mm
Tinggi plat = 10 mm
Danjang silinder = 20 mm
Diameter = 20 mm

 Massa silinder = . V
= 7.806. . 3,14. (0,02)2. 0,02
= 0,05 kg
 Massa plat

= . V
= 7.806. 0,06. 0,04. 0,01

= 0,187 kg
 Massa total = ms + mp
= 0,05 kg + 0,187 kg
= 0,237 kg
 Vnersia Eksentrik =
=

1
m (b2 + c2 )
12

1
0,237kg (0,042 + 0,062)
12

= 1,027. 10-4 kg. m2


      = 0,75.10-4 kg.m2 + 4,26.10-4 kg.m2 + 1345.10-4 kg.m2 +
1,027.10-4 kg.m2
= 0,1351 kg.m2

 Kecepatan sudut () =
=

2.] .n
60
2.3,14.350
60

= 36,65 rad/s
 Dercepatan sudut () = / t
= 36,65/1
= 36,65 rad/s2
 Torsi = Vtotal.
= 0,1351 kg.m2. 36,65 rad/s2

= 4,95 Nm
= 0,51 kg.m

 D =

T .n
716,2
=

0,51.350

716,2

= 0,249 HD

= 0,185 kw
= 185 watt
 Konsumsi listrik /proses produksi = 185 Watt x 1 jam
= 185Wh
= 0,185 Kwh
 Konsumsi listrik per hari

= 0,185 Kwh x 20 proses


= 3,7 kwh/hari

d
    


502,74 kg kopi bubuk

2.010,96
kg air


 

Tawal air = 27 0C
Takh ir air = 100 0C
t = 60 menit
t per hari = 20 jam
Cp air = 1000 kal/kg 0C
Cp lar kopi = 574kal/kg 0C

Ampas 1.382,535 kg


. .a 
= 2.010,96 kg x 1000 kal/kg 0C x (100-270C)
= 146.800.000 kal
= 616.560.336 Joule

 Daya yang dibutuhkan:


Daya

616.560.336 
3600

 = 171.266,76 Watt

 Konsumsi listrik /proses produksi = 171.266,76 Watt x 1 jam


= 171.266,76 Wh
= 171,266 Kwh
 Konsumsi listrik per hari

= 171,266 Kwh x 20 proses


= 3.425,32 kwh/hari

  


1.131,165 kg sirup kopi
289,58 kg susu full cream
90,49 kg maltodekstrin


D = 76,5 kwh
T awal = 1000C
T akhir =270
t = 60 menit
t per hari = 20 jam
Cp eks kopi = 575,5
kal/kg 0C 

Air yang menguap


1.044,78 kg

Losses
4,66 kg

a. Mixing V
 D (HD) = 6,25.10-6 x kp x rpm3 x diameter5
= 6,25.10-6 x 0,35 x 1203 x 25
= 6,25.10-6 x 0,35 x 1.728.000 x 32
= 120,96 HD
= 90,199 Kwatt
= 90.199 watt
b. Spray drying
 1 . .a
= 1.511,235 kg x 575,5 kal/kg0C x (100-600C)
= 34.788.629,7 kal
= 146.112.244,7 Joule
 2

.*
= 1.044,78 kg x 845.000 J/kg
= 882.839.100 J

 Q total = 146.112.244,7 J + 882.839.100 J


= 1.028.951.345 J
 Daya yang dibutuhkan:
Daya

1.028.951.345 J
3600

= 285.819,818 Watt
 Konsumsi listrik /proses produksi = 285.819,818 Watt x 1 jam
= 285.819,818 Wh
= 285,819 Kwh
 Konsumsi listrik per hari

= 285,819 Kwh x 20 proses


= 5.716,38 kwh/hari

3
 
461,79 kg kopi susu instan
163, 94 kg gula rafinasi
0,231 kg anti kempal


t = 60 menit

Kopi susu instan


625,61 kg




 D (HD) = 6,25.10-6 x kp x rpm3 x diameter5


= 6,25.10-6 x 0,35 x 603 x 15
= 6,25.10-6 x 0,35 x 216.000 x 1
= 0,4725 HD
= 0,352 kwatt
= 352 watt
 Konsumsi listrik /proses produksi = 352 Watt x 1 jam
= 352 Wh
= 0,352 Kwh

 Konsumsi listrik per hari

= 0,352 Kwh x 20 proses


= 7,04 kwh/hari

u
  
625,61 kg kopi susu instan

 
  

31.298 kemasan
(@ 20 gr)

 Dalam pengemas kopi susu instan digunakan 5 mesin pengemas


dengan daya masing-masing 300 watt/jam
 Konsumsi listrik
Konsumsi listrik/proses produksi = 5 x 300 Watt x 1 jam
= 1.500Wh
= 1,5 Kwh

 Konsumsi listrik per hari

= 1,5 Kwh x 20 proses


= 30 Kwh/hari

x
    
Dalam proses produksi pembuatan kopi susu instan diperlukan 5 buah
pompa penggerak untuk mengalirkan bahan dari mesin satu ke mesin
lainnya dan diperlukan 1 buah pompa air untuk mengalirkan air dari
sumber air ke mesin perkolator. Daya pompa penggerak dan pompa air
sama yaitu 3 HD = 2.237,1 watt/jam
 Konsumsi listrik
Konsumsi listrik/proses produksi = 6 x 2.237,1 watt x 1 jam
= 13.422,6 Wh
= 13,4226 Kwh
 Konsumsi listrik per hari

= 13,4226 Kwh x 20 proses


= 268,452 Kwh/hari

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