BY: Manu Kr.

Singh (7635006961)

Class 10th
(Maths)
Chapter : Arithmetic Progression
Arithmetic Progressions
An Arithmetic Progression is a sequence of numbers in which we get each term by adding a particular
number to the previous term, except the first term.
 Each number in the sequence is known as term.
 The fixed number i.e. the difference between each term
with its preceding term is known as common difference.
 It can be positive, negative or zero. It is represented as ‘d’.
Some Examples of Arithmetic Progressions
Common difference Value of d Example
d > 0, positive 10 20, 30, 40, 50,…
d < 0, negative -25 100, 75, 50, 25, 0
d = 0, zero 0 5, 5, 5, 5,..
General form of Arithmetic Progression

Where the first term is ‘a’ and the common difference is ‘d’.
Example
Given sequence is 2, 5, 8, 11, 14,…
Here, a = 2 and d = 3
d = 5 – 2 = 8 – 5 = 11 – 8 = 3
First term is a = 2
Second term is a + d = 2 + 3 = 5
Third term is a + 2d = 2 + 6 = 8 and so on.
Finite or Infinite Arithmetic Progressions
1. Finite Arithmetic Progression
If there are only a limited number of terms in the sequence then it is known as finite Arithmetic
Progression.
229, 329, 429, 529, 629
2. Infinite Arithmetic Progression
If there are an infinite number of terms in the sequence then it is known as infinite Arithmetic Progression.
2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18…..…
The nth term of an Arithmetic Progression
If an is the nth term,a1 is the first term, n is the number of terms in the sequence and d is a common
difference then the nth term of an Arithmetic Progression will be

Arithmetic Series
The arithmetic series is the sum of all the terms of the arithmetic sequence.
The arithmetic series is in the form of
{a + (a + d) + (a + 2d) + (a + 3d) + .........}
Sum of first n terms of an Arithmetic series
Sum of the first n terms of the sequence is calculated by

But when we have finite Arithmetic Progression or we know the last term of the sequence then the sum
of all the given terms of the progression will be calculated by

Where l = a + (n – 1)d i.e. the last term of the finite Arithmetic Progression.
Remark: The sum of the infinite arithmetic sequence does not exist.
Arithmetic Mean
Arithmetic mean is the average of the two numbers. If a, b and c are in Arithmetic Progression then the
arithmetic mean of a and c will be:

Some Important Points

 Sum of first n positive integers is given by
 The difference between the sum of the first n terms and first (n - 1) terms is also the nth term of
the given Arithmetic Progression.
 an = Sn – Sn-1
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1. In an Arithmetic Progression, if a = 28, d = -4, 10. The number of multiples of 4 between 10
n = 7, then an is: and 250 is:
(a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 3 (d) 7 (a) 50 (b) 40 (c) 60 (d) 30
2. If a = 10 and d = 10, then first four terms will 11. 20th term from the last term of the A.P. 3, 8,
be: 13, …, 253 is:
(a) 10, 30, 50, 60 (b) 10, 20, 30, 40 (a) 147 (b) 151 (c) 154 (d) 158
(c) 10, 15, 20, 25 (d) 10, 18, 20, 30 12. The sum of the first five multiples of 3 is:
3. The first term and common difference for the (a) 45 (b) 55 (c) 65 (d) 75
A.P. 3, 1, -1, -3 is: 13. The 10th term of the AP: 5, 8, 11, 14, … is
(a) 1 and 3 (b) -1 and 3 (a) 32 (b) 35 (c) 38 (d) 185
(c) 3 and -2 (d) 2 and 3 14. In an AP, if d = -4, n = 7, an = 4, then a is
4. 30th term of the A.P: 10, 7, 4, …, is (a) 6 (b) 7 (c) 20 (d) 28
(a) 97 (b) 77 (c) -77 (d) -87 15. The list of numbers –10, –6, –2, 2,… is
5. 11th term of the A.P. -3, -1/2, 2 …. Is (a) an AP with d = –16 (b) an AP with d = 4
(a) 28 (b) 22 (c) -38 (d) -48 (c) an AP with d = –4 (d) not an AP
6. The missing terms in AP: __, 13, __, 3 are: 16. If the 2nd term of an AP is 13 and the 5th
(a) 11 and 9 (b) 17 and 9 term is 25, then its 7th term is
(c) 18 and 8 (d) 18 and 9 (a) 30 (b) 33 (c) 37 (d) 38
7. Which term of the A.P. 3, 8, 13, 18, … is 78? 17. Which term of the AP: 21, 42, 63, 84,… is
th th th th
(a) 12 (b) 13 (c) 15 (d) 16 210?
8. The 21st term of AP whose first two terms are (a) 9th (b) 10th (c) 11th (d) 12th
-3 and 4 is: 18. What is the common difference of an AP in
(a) 17 (b) 137 (c) 143 (d) -143 which a18 – a14 = 32?
9. If 17th term of an A.P. exceeds its 10th term (a) 8 (b) -8 (c) -4 (d) 4
by 7. The common difference is: 19. The famous mathematician associated with
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4 finding the sum of the first 100 natural numbers
is
(a) Pythagoras (b) Newton (a) 5n + 2 (b) 5n + 3
(c) Gauss (d) Euclid (c) 5n – 5 (d) 5n – 3
20. The sum of first 16 terms of the AP: 10, 6, 23. The sum of all two digit odd numbers is
2,… is (a) 2575 (b) 2475 (c) 2524 (d) 2425
(a) –320 (b) 320 (c) –352 (d) –400 24. If 2x, x + 10, 3x + 2 are in A.P., then x is equal
th
21. The n term of an A.P. is given by an = 3 + 4n. to
The common difference is (a) 0 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 6
th
(a) 7 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 1 25. If 7 times the 7 term of an A.P. is equal to
th
22. The (n – 1) term of an A.P. is given by 11 times its 11th term, then 18th term is
7,12,17, 22,… is (a) 18 (b) 9 (c) 77 (d) 0
CASE STUDY QUESTIONS:
CASE STUDY 1:
India is competitive manufacturing location due to the low cost of manpower and strong technical and
engineering capabilities contributing to higher quality production runs. The production of TV sets in a
factory increases uniformly by a fixed number every year. It produced 16000 sets in 6th year and 22600 in
9th year.
Based on the above information, answer the following questions:
1. Find the production during first year.
2. Find the production during 8th year.
3. Find the production during first 3 years.
4. In which year, the production is Rs 29,200.
5. Find the difference of the production during 7th year and 4th year.
CASE STUDY 2:
Your friend Veer wants to participate in a 200m race. He can currently run that distance in 51 seconds and
with each day of practice it takes him 2 seconds less. He wants to do in 31 seconds.
1. Which of the following terms are in AP for the given situation
a) 51,53,55…. b) 51, 49, 47…. c) -51, -53, -55…. d) 51, 55, 59…
2. What is the minimum number of days he needs to practice till his goal is achieved
a) 10 b) 12 c) 11 d) 9
3. Which of the following term is not in the AP of the above given situation
a) 41 b) 30 c) 37 d) 39
4. If nth term of an AP is given by an = 2n + 3 then common difference of an AP is
a) 2 b) 3 c) 5 d) 1
5. The value of x, for which 2x, x+ 10, 3x + 2 are three consecutive terms of an AP
a) 6 b) -6 c) 18 d) -18
CASE STUDY 3:
Your elder brother wants to buy a car and plans to take loan from a bank for his car. He repays his total
loan of Rs 1,18,000 by paying every month starting with the first instalment of Rs 1000. If he increases the
instalment by Rs 100 every month , answer the following:
1. The amount paid by him in 30th installment is
a) 3900 b) 3500 c) 3700 d) 3600
2. The amount paid by him in the 30 installments is
a) 37000 b) 73500 c) 75300 d) 75000
3. What amount does he still have to pay offer 30th installment?
a) 45500 b) 49000 c) 44500 d) 54000
4. If total installments are 40 then amount paid in the last installment?
a) 4900 b) 3900 c) 5900 d) 9400
5. The ratio of the 1st installment to the last installment is
a) 1:49 b) 10:49 c) 10:39 d) 39:10
SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1. Show that (a – b)², (a² + b²) and (a + b)² are in AP.
2. Find the common difference of the AP 1/p,1−p/p,1−2p/p,…. Ans: -1
3. Find the 9th term from the end (towards the first term) of the A.P. 5,9,13, …, 185. Ans: 153
4. Which term of the progression 4, 9, 14, 19, … is 109? Ans: 22nd
5. Which term of the progression 20, 192, 183, 17 … is the first negative term? Ans: 28th
6. The 4th term of an A.P. is zero. Prove that the 25th term of the A.P. is three times its 11 thterm.
7. The 7th term of an A.P. is 20 and its 13th term is 32. Find the A.P. Ans: 8,10,12,14…
8. Find how many two-digit numbers are divisible by 6? Ans: 15
9. How many two-digit numbers are divisible by 3? Ans: 30
10. How many three-digit natural numbers are divisible by 7? Ans: 128
11. Find the middle term of the A.P. 213, 205, 197, … 37. Ans: 125
12. The first and the last terms of an AP are 5 and 45 respectively. If the sum of all its terms is 400, find its
common difference. Ans: 8/3
13. Which term of the A.P. 3, 15, 27, 39, … will be 132 more than its 54th term? Ans: 65
14. How many multiples of 4 lie between 10 and 250? Ans: 60
15. The sum of 4th and 8th terms of an A.P. is 24 and the sum of the 6th and 10th terms is 44. Find the first
three terms of the A.P. Ans: -13, -8, -3
16. Find 10th term from end of the A.P. 4,9, 14, …, 254. Ans: 209
17. Find the sum of all three digit natural numbers, which are multiples of 11. Ans: 34
18. The first and the last terms of an AP are 5 and 45 respectively. If the sum of all its terms is 400, find its
common difference. Ans: 8/3
19. The first and the last terms of an AP are 8 and 65 respectively. If the sum of all its terms is 730, find its
common difference. Ans: 3
20. In an AP, if S5 + S7 = 167 and S10 = 235, then find the AP, where s, denotes the sum of its first n terms.
Ans: 1,6,11
21. How many terms of the A.P. 27, 24, 21, … should be taken so that their sum is zero? Ans: 19
22. Find the sum of all three digit natural numbers, which are multiples of 11. Ans: 44550
23. If the sum of first 7 terms of an A.P is 49 and that of its first 17 terms is 289, find the sum of first n
terms of the A.P. Ans: n2
24.The nth term of an A.P. is given by (-4n + 15). Find the sum of first 20 terms of this A.P. Ans: -540
25. Find the sum of all three digit natural numbers, which are multiples of 9. Ans: 55350