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Transformer Project Class12

Tgshg

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3 views3 pages

Transformer Project Class12

Tgshg

Uploaded by

bg0129092
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Physics Investigatory Project

Topic: Transformer

Acknowledgment

I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to my physics teacher, whose invaluable guidance and

support helped me complete this project. I am also grateful to my parents and friends for their

encouragement throughout this endeavor.

Certificate

This is to certify that [Student Name], a student of Class 12, has successfully completed the Physics

investigatory project titled 'Transformer' under my guidance during the academic year 2023-2024.

The work submitted is original and meets the expected standards.

Index

1. Introduction

2. Theory

3. Working Principle

4. Diagram

5. Construction and Working

6. Applications

7. Observations and Calculations

8. Conclusion
9. Bibliography

Introduction

A transformer is a static electrical device that transfers electrical energy between two or more

circuits through electromagnetic induction. It is an essential component in electrical power systems

for voltage conversion and efficient power transmission.

Theory

The working of a transformer is based on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, which states

that a change in magnetic flux induces an electromotive force (EMF) in a conductor. Transformers

are designed with primary and secondary coils wound around a core.

Working Principle

When an alternating current flows through the primary coil, it creates a changing magnetic field. This

varying magnetic flux induces a voltage in the secondary coil. Depending on the turns ratio, the

transformer either steps up or steps down the voltage.

Construction and Working

A transformer consists of the following components:

1. Core: Made of laminated iron to reduce energy losses.

2. Windings: Copper coils that carry current (primary and secondary).

3. Insulation: To prevent short circuits.

Working: The alternating current in the primary coil produces a magnetic field, which induces a

voltage in the secondary coil, converting the voltage level as required.


Applications

1. Voltage regulation in power systems.

2. Used in devices like chargers and adapters.

3. Isolation of circuits for safety.

Observations and Calculations

In practical applications, transformers achieve high efficiency. The ratio of primary to secondary

voltage is directly proportional to the ratio of turns in the primary to the secondary coil.

Conclusion

Transformers are indispensable in modern electrical systems, ensuring efficient energy transmission

and voltage regulation.

Bibliography

1. Physics Textbook (NCERT).

2. Reference Websites on Transformers.

3. Class Notes and Teacher's Guidance.

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