VISVESVARAYA TECNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Jnana Sangama, Machhe, Belgaum, Karnataka-590018

Department of Electronics and Communication

Phase-1 Project Work Presentation

AUTOMATIC RAILWAY SAFETY AND CONTROL

SYSTEM
Submitted by: Under the Guidance of:
1. POORNIMA R – 1EW22EC417 Mrs. Akshatha B G
2. SINDHU R – 1EW22EC423 Assistant Professor
3. VIGNESH KUMAR K – 1EW22EC428 Department of ECE,
4. AJAY S – 1EW21EC012
East West Institute of Technology
Bengaluru-560091
CONTENTS
o Abstract
o Introduction
o Literature survey
o Motivation
o Objectives
o Problem Statement
o Methodology
o Hardware & Software
o References
 ABSTRACT
The proposed Railway Management System integrates automation technologies to
enhance railway safety, efficiency, and management through the use of Arduino
microcontrollers ,H-Bridge, DC motors, IR sensors and Zigbee.This system
comprises two main modules:-The Station Module and the Train Module, each
fulfilling distinct roles in managing train operations and station activities.The Station
Module utilizes IR sensors to monitor platform availability,that will displayed in the
LCD,ensuring optimal train scheduling and management. The Train Module controls
train movement and speed via DC motors managed by H-Bridge drivers. Wireless
communication between the Station and Train Modules is facilitated by Zigbee
technology, allowing for seamless data transmission of platform status, train
positions, and crack alerts. Furthermore, the system incorporates an automatic gate
control mechanism powered by DC motors, which operate based on inputs from IR
sensors detecting the train’s proximity to level crossings.

Keywords:Arduino UNO, IR Sensor, LCD Display, Zigbee Communicator, DC

Motor, H-bridge.
 INTRODUCTION
• Trains are widely used as an eco-friendly mode of transportation in many of
the world's largest cities, The railways are recognized as a safe and convenient
means of travel.
• As a result, railway transportation plays a crucial role in our modern lives,
catering to both business and personal needs Railways around the globe are
facing new challenges due to faster trains, more passengers, and heavier loads.
• The current infrastructure is under significant pressure, leading to increased
demands for maintenance and inspections. Despite these efforts, accidents
occur due to miscommunication, incorrect signalling, adverse weather, or
immediate route changes.
• It is crucial to have accurate information and proper communication to prevent
accidents and ensure safe and efficient train operations. The proposed system
focuses on Anti-Collision, Automatic Gate Control, Fire Detection ,Object
Detection and Track Crack Detection to improve safety measures.
 LITERATURE SURVEY
TITLE YEAR PUBLISHED AUTHOR INFERENCE

1. Fault Detection for 2024 IEEE Jakub Webel, Paweł • This paper presents various
Railway Systems–A Conference Bury, Mateusz Zajac, methods used for railway materials
Artur Kierzkowski, and systems. The authors analyze
Literature Survey. Sławomir Tubek, various railway accident reports,
Jedrzej Blaut focusing on the types of failures
described and their causes.
2. Safety-Oriented Train 2023 IEEE Djamila Zamouche, • Safety in railway transportation is
Control Systems Monitoring Conference Sofiane Aissani, becoming urgent due to a large
in Smart Railway Mawloud Omar number of accidents and its severe
Transportation socio-economic impact on a global
scale.
3. Principles of Safety 2022 IEEE Dmitrii V Efanov, • This paper analyze the safety
Signalling and Traffic Control Conference German V Osadchy, control systems synthesis problem
Systems Synthesis on Valerii V khoroshev for critical technological processes
Railways on the railway signalling and
automation systems.
4. Automatic Fire Detection 2019 International BS Shivaprasad, • In this if the fire is caught in fire
in Train with Disaster Journal of Yashwanth K sensor is placed to detect the fire
Management using I0T Application or and through GSM information is sent
Innovation in to nearby station.
Engineering &
Management
5. Intelligent Level Crossing 2019 IEEE Chih Wen Li, • This paper discusses how to
Safety Control System Conference Chia Cheng Chu, construct an intelligent level crossing
Wei Lun Fong control system to reduce the loss of
life and property caused by such
accidents.
 MOTIVATION
• This system will help to improve the safety of railway management and
reduce the chances of the accidents due to inaccurate opening and closing
of gates.
• Security is the major concern for everyone. In a recent days fire accidents
are more due to carrying some flammable fuels or due to smoking inside
the train. This is occurred due to the lack of knowledge in people.
• When these accidents are occurring in the area where there is nо proper
network for communication or during night times the chance of loss or
damage will be more.
• In this system the delay in identifying the fire accident will be eliminated
and notifying the concerned authorities, loco pilot and passenger with in no
time.
OBJECTIVES
• The main objective of our design is that to design a Automatic railway safety and
control system.
• Enhance platform management using IR sensors for real-time availability
detection.
• Automate train movement control with Arduino, DC motors, and H-Bridge
drivers.
• Facilitate communication between modules using Zigbee for efficient data
exchange.
• Automate level crossing gate control to prevent accidents and enhance safety.
• Utilize an LCD display to present visual warnings and updates to the train
regarding track conditions.
Problem Statement
Concept of Railway safety faces significant challenges due to inefficiencies in
manual gate control, insufficient measures for detecting hazards inside trains,
and inadequate protection for railway personnel.
These issues lead to increased collision risks at crossings, elevated hazards
inside trains.The Rail safe project aims to tackle these challenges head-
on,enhancing railway safety.
Methodology
 .

• The system design includes the Station and Train Modules, each with
specific roles.
• The Station Module and the Train Module, each fulfilling distinct roles in
managing train operations and station activities.
• The Station Module utilizes IR sensors to monitor platform availability,
ensuring optimal train scheduling and management.
• The Train Module controls train movement and speed via DC motors
managed by H-Bridge drivers
• The Station Module manages platform availability using IR sensors, while
the Train Module controls movement and performs crack detection.
• Zigbee modules facilitate wireless communication between these modules.
Automatic gate control is managed by IR sensors and DC motors, ensuring
gates operate based on train proximity to crossings.
HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
REQUIREMENTS
Hardware Software
• Arduino UNO • Embedded C
• IR Sensor • Arduino IDE
• LCD Display
• Zigbee
• Buzzer
• DC Motor
• Ultra sonic sensor
• Fire sensor
• Buzzer
• H-bridge
• Relay
REFERENCES
[1] Ahmed R. Ibrahim, Ziad M. Abood College of science, Al Mustansiriyah University,
Iraq. “Implementation of anti-collision train prototype based on Arduino
microcontroller”.International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences(IJAAS) Vol. 9,
No. 4, December 2020, pp. 270~275 ISSN:2252-8814, DOI: 10.11591/ijaas.v9.i4.pp270-
275.
[2] Gokul Ramamoorthy1,Tushar Kartikeyan2, GaneshYenugudhati3 Department of
CSE SRM IST, Chennai ,India . “Railways Track Crack Detection System
usingArduino”. ISSN 2321 3361 © 2022 IJESC Volume 10 IssueNo.5.
[3] Dr. M. Geethanjali, L. D. Shree Viswa Shamanthan, K. P.Shantha Krishnan, G. Raji,
“RF Based Train CollisionAvoidance System” December
2019DOI:10.1109/INDCON.2013.6725958.
[4]YashDev Varshney1, Akash Kumar Singh2, RohitRanjan3,Praveen Singh4,
“Automatic Railway Gate Control using Arduino Uno”. International Journal of
Research in Engineering, Science and Management Volume-2, Issue-4,April-2020.
[5] K. B. Q. Chowdhury, M. R. Khan and M. A. Razzak, "Automation of Rail Gate
Control with Obstacle Detection and Real Time Tracking in the Development of
Bangladesh Railway," 2020 IEEE 8th R10 Humanitarian Technology Conference (R10-
HTC), Kuching, Malaysia, 2020, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/R10-HTC49770.2020.9356986
[6] Z. Li, J. Liu, C. Guo, S. Li, L. Li and L. Xu, "Design of Smoke Detection and Alarm
System Based on LoRa,"2020 Chinese Automation Congress (CAC),Shanghai, China,
2020, pp. 5086-5090, doi: 10.1109/CAC51589.2020.9326322.