MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-I

MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION
(iii) Sum of Infinite terms
SYNOPSIS a dr
S   where r  1
 Principle of Finite Mathematical 1  r 1  r 2
Induction: W.E-1: Sum to infinite terms of
For n  N , let P(n) be a statement in terms of n. x  1) is__
1  3 x  5 x 2  7 x 3  .....   (If
If P(1) is true and P(k) is true  P(k + 1) is true,
[Eam-1998]
then P(n) is true, for all n  N .
 Principle of Complete Mathematical a dr
s  
Sol: 1  r 1  r 2
Induction:
For n  N , let P(n) be a statement in terms of n. where a  1 , d  2 , r  x
If P(1), P(2), P(3),.... P(k-1) are true  P(k) is 1 2x 1 x
true, then P(n) is true, for all n  N .   2

 a ,  a  d  ,  a  2 d  , ... form an A.P..
1  x 1  x  1  x 2
then Similarly If x  1,
(i) nth term tn  a   n  1 d , Where a is the 1
s  1  2 x  3 x 2  4 x3  ...   
first term and d is the common difference.
1  x 2
n
(ii) Sum of n terms S n   2a   n  1 d  SOME IMPORTANT POINTS
2
i) Sum of first n natural numbers i.e.
n
 a  l  n  n  1
2  n  1  2  3  ......n  2
, n  N
Where a = first term, l = last term ii) Sum of the squares of first n natural numbers is

a , a r , a r 2 , ... form a G.P then

n n1 2n1
  n2 12 22 32 ...n2  ,nN
6
(i) nth term tn  a.r n 1 , Where a = first term
iii) Sum of the cubes of first n natural numbers is
r = common ratio 2
n2  n 1
(ii) Sum of n terms Sn  a
r ;
n
 1 3 3 3 3
n 1  2  3  ...  n  4 3

r 1
2
(iii) In an infinite G.P, Sum of Infinite terms is   n ,nN
a
S  where r  1
1 r iv)14  24  34  ......  n 4   n4
 a   a  d  r   a  2d  r 2  ...
......   a   n  1 d  r n 1 form A.G.P. then 

n n4  1   n  n  1 3n2  n  1
5 6
n 1
(i) nth term t n   a   n  1 d  r v) Sum of the first ‘n’ odd +ve integers =
(ii) Sum of n terms 1 + 3 + 5 + ... + (2n-1)  n 2
vi) Sum of the first ‘n’ even +ve integers =
a dr 1  r n 1
  a   n  1 d  r n

Sn   2
2 + 4 + 6 + ............ + 2n  n  n  1
1 r 1  r  1  r 
68 NARAYANAGROUP
 JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-I MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION

2
vii)  n 2    n  ... etc.,

 2   cos    n  1  
sin n
n  n  1 n  2  2 
sin   

viii)  n  n  1  2
3

ix)  n  n  1 n  2  
n  n  1 n  2  n  3 
4
 cos  .cos 2 .cos 4 ...cos 2 n 1   
x)12  22  32  42  52  62  ..... ‘n’ terms
 
sin 2n 
n  n  1 n  n  1
 ; if n is even  ; if n is odd 2n sin 
2 2
2  3  5  7   2n  1 
xi)  n  3  2n 3   1   1   1   ... 1  2 
 1  4  9  n 
xii) The sum in the nth bracket of
2
n  n 2  1   n  1
1   2  3   4  5  6   ... is
2  For a sequence T1 , T2 , T3 , T4 ,...., the difference of
n
 1
k 1
two consecutive terms T2  T1, T3  T2 , T4  T3...
xiii)  k 1    n2
k 1  n are in A.P or G.P then nth term of given series are
 The inequality in the form of an 2  bn  c or a.r n  b where a,b,c
i) 2n  n ! is true for all n  4 to be determined
ii) 2n  2n  1 is true for all n  3 SOME IMPORTANT POINTS
i) The sum of cubes of three consecutive natural
iii) 2n   n  1 ! is true for all n  N
numbers is always divisible by 9
iv) 2n  3  2n  2 is true for all n  5 ii) For all positive integral values of n , x n  y n is
1 1 1 divisible by x  y .
W.E-2: Sum to n terms of    .... is
1.4 4.7 7.10 iii) For all positive integral values of n, x 2 n 1  y 2 n 1
1 1 1 1 1 1  is divisible by x  y .
Sol: sn  1     ...  
3 4 4 7 3n  2 3n  1  iv) For all positive integral values of n,
1 1  n x 2 n 1  y 2 n 1 is divisible by x  y .
 1   
3  3n  1  3n  1 v) P n 1   P  1
2 n 1
is divisible by
 sin   sin      sin   2    ...  P 2  P  1, n  2
sin    n  1   vi) n p  n is divisible by P n  2 where P is
prime.
 n 
sin   vii) n is any odd integer then n  n 2  1 is divisible
2 
   sin    n  1   by 24.
   2 
sin   viii) The product of “n” consecutive natural
2 numbers is always divisible by n!.
 If x,y,m are positive integers then x is said to be
 cos   cos      cos   2   ...  congruent of y modulo m if x  y is divisible by
 cos    n  1   m and is denoted by x  y  mod m 

NARAYANAGROUP 69
 MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-I

C.U.Q 1) an  7, n  1 2) an  2, n  1
1. Mathematical Induction is the principle 3) an  7, n  1 4) an  13, n  1
containing the set 10. If a  0, x  0 , then
1) R 2) N 3) Q 4) Z
1 1
2. Let P  n  be a statement and let   ...
a  ax a  x  a  2x
P  n   P  n  1 n  N , then P  n  is true.
1
1) for all 'n' 2) for all n  1  
3. for all n  m, m being a fixed +ve integer a   n  1 x  a  nx
4. Nothing can be said
a  nx  a a  nx  a
3. The statement P  n  1) 2)
x x
11!   2  2!   3  3!  ... x x
...   n  n !   n  1 ! 1 is 3) 4)
a  nx  a a  nx  a
1) True for all n > 1 2) Not true for any n 3)
n 4 n 3 11n 2 n
True for all n  N 4) True for all n > 10. 11.  n N,    is a
4. The smallest +ve integer n for which 24 4 24 4
1) Rational Number 2) Integer
n
 n 1  3) Natural Number 4) Real Number
n!    holds is
 2  12. Let P  n  : a n  b n such that a, b are even,
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
then P  n  will be divisible by a  b if
5. Let S ( K )  1  3  5  ...  (2 K  1) = k 2  3 .
Then which of the following is true? 1) n  1 2) n is odd
1) S (1) is correct 2) S ( K )  S ( K  1) 3) n is even 4) n  2
3) S ( K )  S ( K  1) 13. If p is a prime number, then n p  n is
4) P.OF.M.I can be used to prove the formula divisible by p when n is a
1) Natural number greater than 1
6. For every natural number n, n  n  1 is 2) Irrational number
always 3) Complex number 4) Odd number
1) even 2) odd 14. The greatest +ve integer which divides
3) multiple of 3 4) multiple of 4
 n  1 n  2  .......  n  r  , for all n  N is
7. Let P  n  denote the statement that n 2  n
1)  r  1 ! 2) r ! 3) r 4) r-1
is odd. It is seen that P  n  P  n 1 , P  n
C.U.Q-KEY
is true for all 01) 2 02) 4 03) 3 04) 2 05) 2 06) 1
1) n > 1 2) n 3) n > 2 4) no value of n 07) 4 08) 1 09) 3 10) 2 11) 3 12) 2
8. n  n  1 2n  1 : n  Z   13) 1 14) 2
C.U.Q-HINTS
1) 6k : k  Z  2) 12k : k  Z  1. By the definition of P.OF.M.I
3) 18k : k  Z  4) 24k : k  Z  2. By the definition of P.OF.M.I
3. When n 1, LH. .S. 1.1!, RHS
. .  2!1!
9. If a n  7  7  7  ... having ‘n’ when n  2, LH
. .S. 1.1! 2.2!, RH
. .S  3!1
radical signs then by methods of Hence P  n  is true n  N
mathematical induction which is true

70 NARAYANAGROUP
 JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-I MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION

4. By Verification n
4. log  x   n.log x is true for n .
5. By verification
6. The product of 2 consecutive numbers is always 1) n  N 2) n  Z
even. 3) n is positive odd integer
7. It is obvious. 4) n is positive even integer
8. Put n = 1,2 and verify the options. INEQUALITIES
9. a1  7  7 ; Let am  7 .Then am 1  7  am 2
 n n is true for
5.  n !
a 2 m 1  7  am  7  7  14 1) n  N 2) n  1, n  N
am1  14  7 ; So an  7, n 3) n  2, n  N 4) n  Z
10. By verification 1 1 1 1
11. Put n = 1, n = 2 and verify the options. 6. Let P  n  :1    .....  2  2  is true
4 9 n n
12. P  n   a n  b nn  N for
1) n  N 2) n  1
put n  1 ,  P 1  a  b which is divisible by a
3) n  1, n  N 4) n  2
+b
SUMMATION OF SERIES
put n  2 ,  P  2   a 2  b 2 not divisible by
7. 13  23  33  43  .....  93 
a  b , put n = 3 1) 425 2) -425 3) 475 4) -475
3 3
 2
 P  3  a  b   a  b  a  ab  b
2
 1

1

1
 ..... n terms 
8.
which is divisible by a  b . 2.5 5.8 8.11
With the help of induction we conclude that P  n  n n
1) 2)
will be divisible by a  b if n is odd. 6n  4 3n  2
13. put n  4 and P  2 . n 1
3) 4)
14. Product of r successive integers is divisible by r ! 4n  6 2(2n  3)
9. 2+7+14+......+ (n2 + 2n - 1) =
LEVEL - I (C.W)
n(2n 2  9n  1) 2 n 2  9n  1
1) 2)
PRINCIPLE OF 6 6
MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION 2 n 2  9n  1 2 n 2  9n  1
1. A student was asked to prove a statement by 3) 4)
12 24
induction. He proved (i) P(5) is true and (ii)
truth of P(n)=> truth of P(n+1), n  N . On the 10. n  1n  nn  1 
1+3+6+10+ ........+
basis of this, he could conclude that P(n) is true 2 2
1) for no n  N 2) for all n  5, n  N nn  1n  2 n  1n  2 
1) 2)
3) for all n  N 4) for all n  1, n  N 3 6

2. If P  n  be the statement n  n  1  1 is an nn  1n  2 n  2n  12

3) 4)
integer, then which of the following is even 6 3
11. 3.6+6.9+9.12+.......+ 3n (3n+3) =
1) P  2  2) P  3
n(n  1)(n  2)
3) P  4  4) None of the above 1) 2) 3n (n+1) (n+2)
3
3. n > 1, n even  digit in the units place of
(n 1)(n  2)(n  3) ( n  1)(n  2)(n  4)
22 n  1 3) 4)
3 4
1) 5 2) 7 3) 6 4) 1
NARAYANAGROUP 71
 MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-I
12. 1.6+2.9+3.12+.......+ n(3n+3) =
20. The number an  6n  5n for
1) n(n  1)(n  2) 2) (n  1)(n  2)(n  3)
n  1, 2,3,....... when divided by 25
3) (n  2)(n  3)(n  4) 4) (n  1) n(n  1) leave the remainder
13. 13+12 + 1+23 + 22 + 2+33 + 32 + 3 + .... 3n 1) 9 2) 7 3) 3 4) 1
terms = DIVISIBILITY
2
n(n  1)(n  12n  5) 21. If ‘a’ and ‘b’ are natural numbers such that
1)
12 a 2  b 2 is prime number then a 2  b 2 equals
n(n  1)(3n 2  7 n  8) 1) a  b 2) a  b 3) ab 4) 1
2)
12 22. n  N , n 2 ( n 4  1) is divisible by
n(n  1)(n  2)(n 2  5n  6) 1) 60 2) 120 3) 45 4) 90
3) 23. n
n  N , 49  16n  1 is divisible by
12
1) 64 2) 49 3) 132 4) 32
(n  1)( n  2)(n  3)
4) 24. n  N ,72n  3n1.23n3 is divisible by
4
1 1 1 1) 50 2) 25 3) 2425 4) 2550
14.    ......(n-3) terms 25. For all integers n  1, which of the following
1 .3 3 .5 5 .7
is divisible by 9?
n n 1 n3 n 1 1) 8n  1 2) 4n  3n  1
1) 2) 3) 4)
n2 nn  5 2n  5 n(2n  3) 3) 32 n  3n  1 4) 10n  1
15. 1+3+7+15....n terms =
1) 2n1  n  2 2) n2  n  2 LEVEL-I (C.W)-KEY
01) 2 02) 4 03) 2 04) 3 05) 3 06) 3
3) 2n  n2  2 4) n 2  2 07) 1 08) 1 09) 1 10) 3 11) 2 12) 1
16. 2.4+4.7+6.10+.......(n-1) terms = 13) 2 14) 3 15) 1 16) 1 17) 2 18) 1
n3  3n 2  1 19) 3 20) 4 21) 1 22) 1 23) 1 24) 2
3
1) 2n - 2n 2
2) 25) 2
6
3) 2n 3  2n 3 2
4) 2n -n
LEVEL-I (C.W)-HINTS
1. By Verification
17. 12  32  52  ......... upto n terms  2. P  n   n  n  1  1 , P  2   6  1  7
n  2 n  1  2 n  1  n  2 n  1  2 n  1 
1) 2) P  3  3  4  1  13 , P  4   4  5  1  21
6 3
n  n  1  2 n  1  n  n  1  2 n  1  None of the above is even
3) 4)
12 6 3. Put n = 2, 24  1  17 .
18. Sum to n terms of the series 4. By Verification
5. By Verification

1  1  x   1  x  x 2  6. For n  1 , L.H.S. of P 1  1

 1 x  x  x 2 3
  ... R.H.S. of P 1  2  1  1 , L.H.S. = R.H.S.

n 
x 1  xn  n 
x 1  xn   1 can not be < 1  P 1 is not true.
1)  2) 1  x 
1 x 1  x 2 1  x 2 as L.H.S. of P 1  1  1 false  again n  2

n 
x 1  xn  n 
x 1  xn  L.H.S. of P  2   1  1/ 4  5 / 4
3)  4) 1  x 
1 x 1  x 2 1  x 2 R.H.S. of P  2   2  1/ 2  3 / 2  6 / 4
19. If a, b and n are natural numbers then  L.H.S. P  2  < R.H.S. of P  2 
a 2 n 1  b 2 n 1 is divisible by  P  2  is true
1) a  b 2) a 3  b3 3) a  b 4) a 2  b 2
72 NARAYANAGROUP
 JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-I MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION

9 3. 1.4+2.5+........+ n(n+3) =
7. n
n 1
3
 3
2 2  4 6 8 3 3 3
 1)
n(n  3)( n  5)
2)
n( n  1)( n  5)
9 3
8. Put n = 2 and verify the options.
9. Put n = 2 and verify the options. n( n  5)( n  7) n( n  3)(n  9)
10. Put n = 2 and verify the options 3) 4)
6 12
11. Put n = 2 and verify the options. 4. 2+3+5+6+8+9+ ........2n terms =
12. Put n = 2 and verify the options. 1) 3n2+2n 2) 4n2+2n 3) 4n2 4) 5n2+2n
13. Put n = 2 and verify the options.
5. nth term of the series 4+14+30+52+ ........=
1 1
14. Put n – 3 = 1, S   1) 5n - 1 2) 2n2 + 2n
1.3 3
15. Put n = 2 and verify the options. 3) 3n2+n 4) 2n2 +2
16. Put n = 2 and verify the options. 6. 2.3+3.4+4.5+............n terms =
17. Put n  2 and verify the options
1)

n n 2  6n  11  2)

n n 2  6n  14 
6 9
1  x 1  x 2 1  x3 1  xn
18.    ...... 
1 x 1 x 1 x 1 x
3)

n n 2  6n  11  4)

n n 2  6n  17 
19. Put n  2 and verify the options 3 12
20. Put n  2 and verify the options 7. The nth term of the series 3+7 + 13 +21 +.. is
21. We know that a 2  b 2   a  b  a  b  given 1) 4n - 1 2) n2 + 2n 3) n2 + n+ 14) n2 + 2
8. The value of
a  b is a prime  a 2  b 2 is either divisible by
2 2
1.2.3  2.3.4  3.4.5  ...  n terms is
1 or the number itself
 a 2  b 2  a  b ( a  b  1 & a  b  1 n  n  1 n  2  n  3
1)
as a, b  N ) 12
22. Put n = 2 and verify the options. n  n  1 n  2  n  3
23. Put n = 1 and verify the options. 2)
3
24. Put n =1, 2 and verify the options.
25. Using substitution verify the options n  n  1 n  2  n  3
3)
4
LEVEL - I (H.W)
 n  2  n  3 n  4 
4)
SUMMATION OF SERIES 6
3n 2  3n  2 9. 3.6+4.7+5.8+......+ (n-2) terms =
1. 1+4+10+19+.........+  1) n3 + n2 + n+2
2

n2 n2  1  
n n2  1  2n3  12n 2  10n  84
1) 2) 2)
2 2 6
3) 2n 3  12n 2  10n  84
n 2 n  1  n n  1  
2

3) 4)   4) 2n 3  12 n 2  10 n  84
2  2 
2. 1.3+3.5+5.7+........+ (2n-1) (2n +1) = 10. 2  3.2  4.22  ....... upto n terms =
2 2
n(4n  6n  1) n(3n  5n  1)
1) 2) 1)  n  1 2n 1 2) n 2 n  1
3 3
n(5n 2  7 n  1) n(7 n 2  5n  1) 3) n 2 n 4)  n  1 2n
3) 4)
3 3
NARAYANAGROUP 73
 MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-I

11. If 1  5  12  22  35  ......  to n LEVEL - I (H.W)-KEY

01) 2 02) 1 03) 2 04) 1 05) 3 06) 3
n   n  1
terms  then nth term of 07) 3 08) 3 09) 2 10) 3 11) 2 12) 4
2 13) 3 14) 1 15) 1 16) 2 17) 1 18) 1 19) 2
L.H.S is
LEVEL - I (H.W)-HINTS
n  4n  1 n  3n  1 1. Put n = 2 and verify the options.
1) 2)
3 2 2. Put n = 2 and verify the options.
3. Put n = 2 and verify the options.
n  3n  1 n  4n  1
3) 4) 4. Put n = 1 and verify the options.
2 3 L.H.S = 2 + 3
12. 2.4  4.7  6.10  ..... upto  n  1 2
R.H.S= 3 1  2 1  5
terms =
5. Given T2 = 14
1 3 Put n = 2 and verify the options.
1) 2n3  2n 2
6
2

2) n  3n  1  6. Put n = 2 and verify the options.
7. Put n = 3 and verify the options.
3) 2n3  2n 4) 2n3  2n 2
8. By verification
1 1 1 9. Put n = 3 and verify the options.
13.    ..... upto n terms =
4.7 7.10 10.13 10. Put n  2 and verify the options
11. Put n  2 verify the options
n n
1) 4 4n  3 2) 4 6n  1 12. Put n  1  2 and verify the options
   
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 
n n 13.      ......  
3) 4 3n  4 4) 4 3n  4 3  4 7 7 10 3n  1 3n  4 
   
DIVISIBILITY n

14. Sum of the cubes of three successive natural 4  3n  4 
number is divisible by
1) 9 2) 27 3) 54 4) 99 14. 13  23  33  36 divisible by 9.
15. Put n = 1, 32 + 7 = 16
15. n N ,32 n  7 is divisible by
Put n = 2, 34 + 7 = 88 , G.C.D. of 16 & 88 = 8
1) 8 2) 16 3) 24 4) 64
16. Put n = 1, 7.52 + 12.6 = 247
16. n N, 7.52 n  12.6 n is divisible by Put n = 2, 7.54 + 12.62 = 4807
1) 13 2) 19 3) 247 4) 26 G.C.D. of 247 & 4807 = 19
17. For every natural number n, 3 2 n  2
 8n  9 is 17. 32 n  2  8n  9,  n  N
divisible by
1) 16 2) 128 3) 256 4) 512 put n  2 , f  2   704, divisible by 16

18. 
2 n


For every integer n  1, 3 1 is divisible by 18. Let P  n   32  1
n

1) 2n 2 2) 2n1 3) 2n3 4) 2 n 1

P 1  32  1  8  1.8 is divisible by 23 .
19. Use mathematical induction, to find
2
41n  14 n is a multiple of P  2   32  1  80  5.24 is divisible by 2 4 .
1) 2, 8 2) 27 3) 26 4) 14
19. Verification

74 NARAYANAGROUP
 JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-I MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION

6. 12  (12  2 2 )  (12  2 2  32 ) + ....+ n

LEVEL - II (C.W) brackets =

FINITE MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION, n(n  1) 2 (n  2) 2 n(n  1) 2 (n  2)

1) 2)
SUMMATION OF SERIES 12 12
1. If 2 3  4 3  6 3  .....  2n 3  Kn 2 n  12 n 2 (n  1)(n  2) (n  1)
3) 4)
then k = 12 2
1) 1/2 2) 1 3) 3/2 4) 2 1 2 2 3 3 4
. . .
1 7. 2 2 2 2  2 2  ...... n terms
2. If a k  k k  1 for k = 1,2,3,... n, then 13 13  23 13  23  33
2 n2 n3
n 1
 n  1) n  1 2 2) n  1 3 3) 4)

  ak  
 k 1 
     n 1 n 1
n n
|
n 2
n 4
n 6 8. If tn   n, then t n   tn 
n 1 1
1) 2) 2 3) 4 4) 6
n 1 n  1 n  1 n  1 n  n  1 n  n  3
1) 2)

n
2 2
3.  (1) x n 1 
n 0 n  n  1 n  2  n  n  4
3) 4)
xn 6 3
x x xn
1) 2) 3) 4) 9. Let the statement m  100 , the statement
2
2(1  x) 1 x x 1 x 1
P  k  1 will be true if
4. cos   cos 2  cos 3  ....  cos  n  1 
1) P 1 is true 2) P  2  is true
 cos n =
3) P  k  is true 4) none of these
1   n 
cos   n  1  .sin   10. For any integer n  1, then
2   2  cos  n  1
1) 2)
    n
sin   sin  
2 2  k  k  2  is equal to [Eam-2008]
k 1
  n  1   n  n  n  1 n  2  n  n  1 2n  1
cos   sin   1) 2)
3)  2   2  6 6

sin n  n  1 2n  7  n  n  1 2n  9 
2 3) 4)
6 6
 n  1 1 1
sin   .cos  n  1  11. 1 1  2   1  2  3  1  2  3  ...
4)  2  2 3 4
  upto 20 terms is
sin  
2
5. If ‘n’ is a positive integer, then 1) 110 2) 111 3) 115 4) 116
n.1   n  1 .2   n  2  .3  ...  1.n  1 1 1 kn
12. If    ......n terms 
2 4 4 6 68 n 1
nn  1 nn  1n  2  then k  [Eam-2012]
1) 2)
2 6
1 1 1
n  1n  2 nn  12n  1 1) 2) 3)1 4)
3) 4) 4 2 8
2 6

NARAYANAGROUP 75
 MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-I
DIVISIBILITY kn  1 1 1 
13. The greatest positive integer which divides 12.     ...n terms 
n  1  2.4 4.6 6.8 
n  n  1 n  2 .......  n  r  1 , n  N is
1 4  2 6  4 8 6 1 
1) r ! 2)  r  1 ! 3) n  r 4) n  r  1      ...  
2  2.4 4.6 6.8 2n  2n  2  
14. If 10 n  3.4 n  x is divisible by 9 for all
n N ,then least positive value of ‘x’ is 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 
        ...  
1) 1 2) 5 3) 14 4) 23 2 2 4 4 6 6 8 2n 2n  2 
INEQUALITES
15. If n  1 then 1 1 1  n 1
    k
2  2 2  n  1  4  n  1 4
 2 n  ! 4n  2n  ! 4n
1) n ! 2  2n  1 2) n ! 2  2n  1 Let P  n   n  n  1 n  2  ...  n  r  1
    13.

 2 n  ! 4n   n  0  n  1 n  2  ....  n   r  1 
3) n ! 2  2n  1 4) none = Product of r consecutive integers
 
14. n = 1  10  3.4  x  9m  x  5
16. n N ,
1) |sin (nx)| < |sin x | 2) | sin (nx) | < n | sin x |  2n !  24  6, 4n  8
3) | sin (nx) |  n | sin x | 4) sin (nx)  sin n 15. If n2 then 2
 n ! 4 2n  1 3
LEVEL - II (C.W)-KEY
01) 4 02) 2 03) 2 04) 1 05) 2 06) 2

 2 n  !  4n
07) 3 08) 3 09) 3 10) 3 11) 3 12) 1 2
 n ! 2n  1
13) 1 14) 2 15) 3 16) 3
LEVEL - II (C.W)-HINTS 16. sin nx  1  n sin x

1.  
2 3 13  2 3  3 3  ...  n 3  kn 2  n  12
LEVEL - II (H.W)
2. Put n = 1 and verify the options.
1
3. x1 x  x2  x3.......  x1 x 1. 43  53  63  .....  103 
4. Put n = 1 and verify the options. 1) 1905 2) 2358 3) 2447 4) 2989
5. Put n = 2 and verify the options. 2.  n  n    n 
3 2 2
if
6. Put n = 2 and verify the options.
7. Put n = 2 and verify the options. 1) n = 3 2) n = 1 3) n 2  3 4) n= -1
n k 1
n 1  1
  n 2   n 
8.  tn 
1 2 3.  k 1  
k 1 
n
=
9. P  r  is true 1) nn  1 2) nn  1 3) n 2 4) n  12
 r 2  100  r 2  2r  1  100  2r  1 4. Sum of nth bracket of
2
  r  1  100  P  k  1 is true. P  k  1 (1) + (2+3+4)+(5+6+7+8+9) +........ is
1) (n  1)3  n3 2) (n  1)3  8n 2
is true when every P  k  is so.
10. Put n  2 and verify the options
n  1n  2  n  3n  2 
3) 4)
6 12
1 1 n  n  1 n  1
11. tn  1  2  3  ...  n    2 2
1 1 2 1 2 3 2 2 2 2
n n 2 2 5.    .....  n terms =
1 1 2 1 2  3
n
 n  1  1 n  n  1 n
Now find   
2  2 2
  Sn
2 n(n  3) n(n  3) n(n  2) n(n  5)
1 1) 2) 3) 4)
now put n  20 4 5 3 6
76 NARAYANAGROUP
 JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-I MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION

2 n 1
5
13  23  .....  k 3 13. The remainder left out when 82 n   62  is
6. 
k 1 1  3  5  ......   2k  1

divided by 9 is
1) 22.5 2) 24.5 3) 28.5 4) 32.5 1) 2 2) 7 3) 8 4) 0
7. S n  13  23  33  ........  n3 and
INEQUALITES
Tn  1  2  3  4.......n
 2n  ! 
[Eam-2007] 14. 2
3 2 3
22 n  n !
1) Sn  Tn 2) Sn  Tn2 3) Sn  Tn 4) Sn  Tn
8. A = sum of first 10 natural numbers, 1 1 1 1
1) 2) 3) 4)
B = sum of squares of first 10 3n  1 3n  2 3n  4 3n  5
natural numbers,C = sum of cubes of first 10 15. If n  1 then
natural numbers,D = sum of first 10 even
n n
natural numbers, then increasing order of  n 1  n 1 
A,B,C,D 1) n !    2) n !   
 2   2 
1) A,B,C,D 2) A,C,D,B
n
3) A,B,D,C 4) A,D,B,C  n 1
3) n !    4) none
n n  2 
1 1
9. If tr  n  n  1 n  2 then  LEVEL-II (H.W) KEY
r 1 12 r 1 tr 01) 4 02) 2 03) 3 04) 1 05) 3 06) 1
2n 4n 3n 3n 07) 3 08) 4 09) 2 10) 4 11) 3 12) 1
1) 2) 3) 4) 13) 1 14)1 15) 2
n 1 n 1 n2 n 1
LEVEL-II (H.W) HINTS
10. 1  1  3   1  3  5   ... n brackets =
10 3

n  n  1 n  2  1.  n3   r 3
1) n 1 r 1
6 2. Put n = 1 and verify the options.
3. By verification.
2)

n  n  1 3n 2  23n  46  4. Put n = 2 and verify the options.
5. Put n = 2 and verify the options.
12
5
 k 2 (k  1) 2  5  (k  1) 2 
3)
 3
n 27 n  90n  45n  502
 6.  
k 1 
  
4k 2  k 1  4 

4
7. Put n = 2 and verify the options.
n  n  1 2n  1
4)
A   n, B   n , C   n , D   2 n
2 3
6 8.
11 2 1 2  3 r r 1
11.    ..... upto n
13 13  23 13  23  33 9. tr   tk   tk  1 r  r  1 r  2  
terms = k 1 k 1 12

n n 2n 2 1 r  r  1
1) 2) 2 n  1 3) 4) n n  1  r  1 r  r  1 
n 1   n 1   12 4
DIVISIBILITY 10. Conceptual
12. n N , 52 n  2  24n  25 is divisible by
tn 
n  2
11.
1) 576 2) 25 3) 24 4) 50
 n2 n  n  1
NARAYANAGROUP 77
 MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-I
12. Put n = 1 and verify the options. 4. 7  77  777  ......  (777......7 n times) =
13. Using modulo arithmetic
7 7
8   1  modulo 9  also 62   1  modulo 9  1)
81
10n 1  9n  10  2)
81
10n  9n  10 
2 n 1 2n 2 n 1
 82 n   62    1   1  mod 9 7 7
3) 10  9n  10  4) 10  9n  10 
n 1 n 1
 
81 81
 1  1 mod 9  2 mod 9  Remainder = 2 5. n  N , 1  2 x  3 x  ....  n.x n 1 
2

 2n  ! 2 1 ( x  R, x  1 )
14. If n  1 then, 2
  ,
2 n  n ! 4 2 1   n  1 x n  n.x n1  n  1 x n
1) 2 2) 2
1 1 1 1 1 1  x  1  x 
  ,  ,
3n  1 4 2 3n  2 5 1   n  1 x n  n. x n 1  n  1 x n
1 1 3) 2 4) 2
 1  x  1  x 
3n  4 7
4n 2  3n
6. If the sum to ‘n’ terms of an A.P. is ,
1 1   2n  !  1 4
 , 22 n n ! 2
3n  5 8   3n  1 then the nth term of the A.P. is
n 3 5n  1 8n  7 3n 2  2 7n  8
 n 1  3  9 1) 2) 3) 4)
15. If n  2 then n !  2,      4 4 4 4
 2   2 4
1 1   1 1 1 
n 7. 1    2    3  4  5   ... sum of the
 n 1 3 3  3 3 3 
 n!    terms in the nth bracket =
 2 
3

LEVEL - III 1)
3 n
 1
2)
3n  1
3)
3n  1 3n 1
4) n 1
2.3
n 1 n  2  / 2
2.4 n1 3.7 n1 2
1.22  2.32  3.4 2  ....  n(n  1) 2 n
1.  8 1  x   nx  1 is divisible by (where n  N )
12.2  2 2.3  32.4  ....  n 2 (n  1)
1) 2x 2) x 2 3) 2x 3 4) all of these
3n  1 3n  5 9. For a positive integer (n >1),
1) 2)
3n  5 3n  1 1 1 1 1
3n  5 Let a  n   1    ......  n
3) (3n  1)(3n  5) 4) 2 3 4  2   1 .Then
3n  7
1) a 100   100 2) a 100   100
2. If P  n   1  2  3  .....  n is a perfect square
3) a  20   100 4) a  200   100
N 2 and N is less than 100, then possible
values of n are 10. The sum of the first ‘n’ terms of the series
1) only 1 2) 1 & 8 3) only 8 4) 1, 8, 49 12  2.2 2  32  2.4 2  52  2.6 2  ... is
3. For any n  N , the value of the expression n(n  1)2
when n is even. When n is odd the
2  2  2 ...ntimes 2
is sum is
      3n( n  1) n 2 (n  1)
1) 2 cos  n 1  2) 2 sin  n 1  1) 2)
2  2  2 2
2
3) 2 cos  2n 1  4) 2Cos  2  
n n(n  1)2  n(n  1) 
3) 4) 
4  2 
78 NARAYANAGROUP
 JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-I MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION

1 1 1 17.  n  N, x  R,
11. If H n  1    ....  , n  N ,
2 3 n  x   x 
tan 1  2
 tan 1  2  +..........+
then H1  H 2  H 3  ....  H n  1.2  x   2 .3  x 

1)  n 1 Hn n 2)  n 1 Hn n  x 
tan 1  2=
 n(n  1)  x 
3)  n1 Hn 4)  n1 Hn n
1  x  1  x 
1  2  3  .....  n 1) tan    tan  
12. Sn  then n  n  1
n
1  x 
2) tan x   tan 
1
S12  S 22  S32  .....  S n2  
 n  1
n 1 3) tan 1 n  1  tan 1 x  4) tan-1[x]
1)
24
 2n 2  9n  13 2)
24
 2n 2  9n  13
 1   1 
n2 n 18. Tan 1  2 
 Tan 1  2 
3)
24
 2n 2  9n  13 4)
24
 2n 2  9n  13   111  1 2  2 
 1 
1  ....  Tan 1  2 =
13. If tn   n  2  n  3 for n = 1, 2, 3... 1 n  n 
4
1 
1 1 1 1 1) Tan 1  n  1   2) Tan  n  1 
then t  t  t  ........  t  4
1 2 3 2003
1 
3) Tan 1  n  1 4) Tan  n  1 
4006 4003 4006 4006 4
1) 2) 3) 4)
3006 3007 3008 3009 1  x 1 x 1  x 
14. th
The value of the sum in the 50 bracket of 19. tan     tan   ...  n tan  n  
2 2 4 4 2 2 
1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  10  .... is
1) 62525 2) 65225 3) 56255 4) 55625 1  x  1  x 
1) n
cot  n  2) n
cot  n   cot x
2 2  2 2 
x x x  a1 
15. 1   ........
a1 a1 a 2 1  x   x 
3) n
cot  n   cot x 4) cot  n   cot x
2 2  2 
x x  a1 x  a 2 ........ x  a n 1 
 = 20. Sum of first ‘n’ terms of the series
a1 a 2 ......a n
3 5 9 17
x  a1 x  a 2 ........x  a n      ...
1) 2 4 8 16
a1 a 2 .......a n
1) n  1  2 n 2) n  1  2 n
x  a1 x  a 2 ........x  a n  3) n  1  2 n 4) n  1  2 n
2) a1 a 2 .......a n 21. If n is even, then the sum of first ‘n’ terms of
3) x  a1  x  a 2 ........ x  a n  the series 12  2.22  32  2.42  52  2.62  ......
4) x  a1 x  a 2 ........x  a n  is
2 2
16. For all positive integers n  1 , n  n  1 n  n  1
1) 2)
3 4
x  x n 1

 n.a n 1   a n  n  1 is divisible by
2
2
n  n  1 n 2  n  1
1)  x  a  2) x  a 3) 2  x  a  4) x  a 3) 4)
2 2

NARAYANAGROUP 79
 MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-I

1 1 1 27. Sum of the series

22. If H n  1    .....  , then the value of
S  12  2 2  32  42  ....  20022  20032 is
2 3 n
1) 2007006 2)1005004
3 5 2n  1
1   .....  is 3) 2000506 4) none
2 3 n 28. The positive integer ‘n’ for which
1) H n  n 2) 2n  H n 2  2 2  3  23  4  24  ...  n  2n  2 n 10 is
3) n  1  H n 4) H n  2n 1) 510 2) 511 3) 512 4) 513
2n 1
23. If S1  2 , S2  3, 6 , S3  4,8,16 , k 1 2
29.   1 k 
S4  5,10, 20, 40 ,....... then the sum of k 1

numbers in the set S15 is 1)  n  1 2n  1 2)  n  1 2n  1

1) 5  2 
15
2) 16  2  1
15 3)  n  1 2n  1 4)  n  1 2n  1
DIVISIBILITY
3) 16  216  1 4) 15  215  1
30. Let P  n   5n  2n , P  n  is divisible by 3
24. The sum of first ‘n’ terms of the series
where  and n both are odd positive integers
12  1 2   32   3 4   52   5 6   7 2  ....
then the least value of ‘n’ and  will be
when n is odd is 1) 13 2) 11 3) 1 4) 5
1 31. The least remainder when 17 is divided by
30
1)  n  1  4n  n  3
2

12 5 is
1 1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
2) n  4n 2  3n  4  32. When 2 is divided by 5, the least +ve
301
12
remainder is
1
3)  n  1  4 n 2  n  5  1) 4 2) 8 3) 2 4) 6
6 33. The remainder when 599 is divided by 13 is
1 1) 6 2) 8 3) 9 4) 10
4)  n   4 n 2  5n  6 
6 LEVEL - III-KEY
25. The sets S1 , S 2 , S3 ,.... are given by 01) 2 02) 4 03) 1 04) 1 05) 1 06) 2
07) 2 08) 2 09) 1 10) 2 11) 1 12) 1
2 3 5 13) 4 14) 1 15) 1 16) 1 17) 2 18) 4
S1    , S 2   ,  ,
1  2 2 19) 3 20) 3 21) 3 22) 2 23) 2 24) 1
25) 4 26) 1 27) 1 28) 4 29) 1 30) 3
 4 7 10   5 9 13 17  31) 4 32) 3 33) 2
S3   , ,  , S 4   , , ,  , ...
3 3 3  4 4 4 4 
LEVEL - III-HINTS
then the sum of the numbers in the set S 25 is 1. Put n = 2 and verify the options.
1) 322 2) 324 3) 325 4) 326 2. By Observation
3. By Verification
3 4 4 5 6 4. Put n = 1 and verify the options.
26. If S1  2 , S2   ,  , S3   , ,  ,
2 2 4 4 4 5. Put n = 2 and verify the options.
5 6 7 8 6. tn  S n  S n 1
S 4   , , ,  ,.... then the sum of
8 8 8 8  7. By Verification
8. Put n  2, and x  3
numbers in S 20 is
not divisible by 6, 54 but divisible by 9.
1220 1563 1445 1576 n
1) 2) 3) 4) 9.  a n  n
220 29  1 218 221 2
80 NARAYANAGROUP
 JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-I MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION

10. By verification 28. We have 2 n10  2.2 2  3.23  4.2 4  ... 

11. By Verification
12. Put n = 2 and verify the options. n.2n  2  2n 10   2.23  3.2 4  ... 
9 13   n 1 .2n  n.2n1
S12  S 2 2  1  
4 4 substracting, weget
1 4  1 1  2n 10  2.22  23  24  ....  2n  n.2 n 1  8
13.   4  
t n ( n  2)( n  3)  ( n  2) ( n  3)  8  2n  2  1
14. First term of 50th bracket   n.2n 1
= (1+2+3+ ....+49)+1 = 1226 2 1
15. Put n = 1 and verify the options.  8  2n 1  8  n.2n 1  2 n 1   n  2n 1
16. Put n = 2 and verify the options.
17. Put n = 1 and verify the options.  210  2n  2  n  513
2

tan 1 
1 
 tan 1  n  1  tan 1  n 
29. 12  22  32  42  52  62  ......   2n  1
18. 2 
 1 n  n 
= 12  22  32  ......   2n  12
 1   1 
tan 1  2 
 tan 1  2 
 111  1 2  2  2
2  22  42  .....   2n  
 1   
   tan 1  2 
 1 n  n   2n  1 2n  2  4n  3
=
1  6
 tan 1  n  1  tan 1 1  tan  n  1 
4 8.n  n  1 2n  1
19. Put n = 1 and verify the options.    n  1 2n  1
20. Put n = 2 and verify the options. 6
21. By verification 30. P  n   5n  2 n
1  1
22.  2  1    2     2    ..... n  1 ,  P 1  3  3    1
 2  3

 1 1 1  Similarly n  5 ,  P  5   55  25
 2n   1     .....   2n  H
 2 3 4  n = 3125 - 32 = 3093 = 3  1031
In this case   1031
23. Tn   n  1  2 n  1
Similarly we can check the result for other cases
24. Put n  3 and verify and find that the least value of  and n is 1.
 26 51  31. 17  2  mod 5
25. S 25   , ....25 terms 
 25 25 
175  25  mod 5   2  mod 5
2 3
26. Ist term in S1  , Ist term in S 2  , 6
 17 5   2 6  mod 5   17 
30
 4  mod 5 
20 21
4 21 75 75
Ist term in S3  2 , Ist term in S20  19 32. 2 4  1 mod 5    2 4   1  mod 5  i.e ,
2 2
20  21 1  2300  1 mod 5  2300  2  1.2  mod 5 
Sum in S 20   2  19   20  1 19 
2  2 2   2301  2  mod 5 Least +ve remainder is 2.
27. We can write S as 49 49 49
S  1  2 1  2    3  4  3  4   ...  33. 599   5  52   5  25   5  26  1

 2001  2002  2001  2002   20032  5  26   positive term   5,

so when it is divided by 13 its gives the remainder
  1  2  3  4  ...  2002 
‘ 5 ’ or 13  5 i.e, 8 .
1
20032    2 0 0 2  2 0 0 3   2 0 0 3 2  2 0 0 7 0 0 6
2
NARAYANAGROUP 81
 MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-I
1) Statement - 1 is true, Statement - 2 is true;
LEVEL - IV Statement - 2 is not a correct explanation for
1. Statement -1: For all n  N , x 2 n 1  y 2 n 1 is Statement-1
divisible by x  y 2) Statement - 1 is true, Statement - 2 is false
Statement - 2: If n  N , n 3  2n is divisible 3) Statement - 1 is false, Statement - 2 is true
by 6 4) Statement - 1is true, Statement - 2 is true ;
Which of the above statement is true: Statement - 2 is a correct explanation for
1) only 1 2) only 2 Statement-1
3) both 1 & 2 4) neither 1 nor 2 7. Assertion (A):
2. 1. 49n  16n  1 is divisible by A  n  N  n  n 2  12  n 2  2 2   n 2  r 2  , n  r , n  N
2. 32 n  7 is divisible by B  n  N 
is divisible by  2r  1 !
3. 4 n  3 n  1 is divisible by C  n  N 
Reason (R) : Product of ‘r’consecutive natural
4. 3  26n  1 is divisible by D  n  N 
3n
numbers is divisible by r !.
then the increasing order of A, B, C, D is 1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
1) A, B, C, D 2) C, B, A, D Explanation of A
3) B, C, A, D 4) D, A, C, B 2) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct
3. Statement - 1: For all n  N x n  y n is Explanation of A
divisible by x  y 3) A is true and R is false
Statement - 2: x n  y n is divisible by x  y if 4) A is false and R is true
n is even natural number 8. Statement-1: The digit in the unit place of
Which of the above statement is true : 183! 3183 is 7.
1) only 1 2) only 2
3) both 1 & 2 4) neither 1 nor 2 Statement-2: 183! have unit place 0 and 34 k 3
4. Assertion (A): For all +ve, integral values ends with 7.
of 'n' , 32 n  7 is divisible by 8 1) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true,
Reason (R) : G.C.F. of 16 and 88 is 8 Statement-2 is not a correct explanation for
1) A true, R true and R is the correct explanation Statement-1.
of A 2) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false.
2) A true,R true and R is not a correct explanation 3) Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true.
of A 4) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true,
3) A true, R false 4) A false, R true.
Statement-2 is correct explanation for
5. Assertion (A): n  N product
Statement-1.
of n  n  1 n  2  is divisible by 6 600
Reason (R): Product of 3 consecutive +ve 9. Statement-1: If A   300  , B  600!,
integers is divisible by 3! 600
1) A true, R true and R is the correct explanation C   200  , then A > B > C .
of A n n
2) A true,R true and R is not a correct n n
explanation of A Statement-2:    n !    for n>6.
2 3
3) A true, R false 4) A false, R true.
6. Statement -1: For every natural number 1) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true,
Statement-2 is not a correct explanation for
1 1 1 1
n  2,    ....   n. Statement-1
1 2 3 n 2) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false.
Statement - 2 : 3) Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true.
For every natural number n  2 ,
4) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true,
n  n  1  n  1 . [AIE- 2008] Statement-2 is correct explanation for
Statement-1.
82 NARAYANAGROUP
 JEE-MAIN-JR-MATHS VOL-I MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION

10. Statement-1: Let LEVEL - IV-HINTS

P  x    x  1 x  2  x  3 ......  x  11 , 1. Put n = 1 and verify the options.
2. Put n = 1,2,2,2, B = 4 , C= 9 , A = 64 , D = 666
then coefficient of x10  64 . 3. Put n = 1,2 and verify the options.
Statement-2: Coefficient of x n 1 in the 4. Put n = 1,2 and take G.C.F
product of 5. Product of 3 successive integers is divisible by 3!.
6. By verification
n  n  1 7. By observation
 x  1 x  2  ...  x  n  is .
8. For every n ! n  5 ends with 0 and 34 n
2
1) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true, ends with 1.
Statement-2 is not a correct explanation for 3 4 n 3 4 n 3 where unit place is 7.
 3 .3
Statement-1 600
2) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false.  600  600
9. Put n = 600     600!   200 
3) Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true.  2 
4) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true,  A B C
Statement-2 is correct explanation for
Statement-1.
10.  x  1 x  2  ......  x  n 
11. Statement - 1 :- The sum of the series xn  1  2  ......  n xn1 
10. 1  1  2  4    4  6  9    9  12  16  [1.2  1.3  ....  1.n  
......   361  380  400  is 8000  2  3  ....  2  n   ....   n  1  n] x n  2
n n  n  1
3
Statement - 2 :-   k 3   k  1 
n ,3
...  1 2  ...  n  =
2
 coefficient of
k 1
for any natural number ‘n’ 1112 
x10  x111   66  64
1) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true, 2
Statement-2 is not a correct explanation n
3
for Statement-1
2) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false
11.   k 3   k  1  
k 1
3) Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true
4) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true, (13  03 )  (23  13 )  (33  23 )  ... 
Statement-2 is a correct explanation
for Statement-1
12. Statement -1 : For each natural number n,
n 3 3
  n  1 n 3

7
1 1 2  4   4  6  9   9 12 16  ...... 
 n  1  n 7  1 is divisible by 7.
Statement - 2 : For each natural number n,
 361  380  400 
n 7  n is divisible by 7. (AIEEE-2011) (13  03 )  (23  13 )  (33  23 )  .... 
1) Statement -1 is false, Statement-2 is true
2) Statement-1 is true, Statement -2 is true &  203  193   203  8000
Staement -2 is correct explanation of 12. For n = k, P(k )  k 7  k
Statement-1
Let P(k) is divisible by 7.
3) Statement-1 is true, Statement -2 is true &
Staement -2 is not a correct explanation of k 7  k  7 for some   N ....(1) For
Statement-1 n=K+1, P  k  1   k  1   K  1
7

4) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false.

  7 C0 k 7  7 C1k 6  7 C2 k 5  ...  7 C6 k  7 C7 
LEVEL - IV-KEY
01) 1 02) 3 03) 1 04) 1 05) 1 06) 1   K  1   K 7  k   7  k 6  3k 5  ....  k 
07) 1 08) 4 09) 4 10) 3 11) 4 12) 2
 7  7  k 6  3k 5  ....  k 

NARAYANAGROUP 83